JP3483950B2 - Method of inputting tool data of interactive numerical controller - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of inputting tool data of a tool used in each process of machining when registering a machining program in an interactive numerical controller of a machine tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an interactive numerical control device, when a tool to be used in each step of a machining program is determined, a tool post based on the tool feed rate and the tool blade edge offset value is determined from the tool data of the tool. The setting position and the number of rotations of the tool axis are automatically set by calculation. Such automatic setting is possible if, for example, the tool used is a bite, the tool data such as the direction of the tool edge, the radius of the edge, the cutting edge angle, the cutting edge angle, the tool width, the tool material, etc. This is because if the tool is a drill, the tool data such as the tool edge direction, nominal diameter, tip angle, tool length, and tool material are registered, and the interactive numerical control device uses these registered tool data. It is used to find the most suitable or standard processing conditions.

In a machine tool such as a turret lathe equipped with a rotary tool axis and a machining center, which performs various kinds of machining on one machine tool, a large number of tools are used in one machining program. In addition, the tool data required to determine the machining conditions also differs depending on the type of tool (whether it is a tool or a drill). Further, a drill or the like requires a tool having a diameter corresponding to the hole diameter to be processed, and the number of types of tools increases.
Conventionally, there have been two methods for inputting such tool data into the interactive numerical control device.

The first method is to pre-register various tools and their tool data as a tool file in the interactive numerical control device. When registering a machining program for each workpiece by interactive processing, the tool used in each step of the machining program is specified by the registered tool number or nominal size.

This method has the trouble that data of a large number of tools must be registered in advance in the interactive numerical control device, but if the tools are specified in the interactive processing,
Since the tool data can be immediately read from the tool file, it is possible to program, for example, that the tool specified by the operator does not match the machining, or that the machining of the specified dimension cannot be performed because the tool length is short. Can be checked before it is confirmed, and the operator can immediately change the tool to be used.

The second method is to specify a tool to be used in each step, create an entire machining program, and then input the tool data of the specified (used) tool. This method has the advantage that it saves the trouble of registering enormous amounts of tool data in advance, and that even if the tool to be used is a special tool, a machining program can be created in the normal operation, but the number of steps However, if many tools are used, there is a drawback that the registration work of the tool data is troublesome, and there is a drawback that checking such as tool selection error can only be done after the tool data has been input. .

[0007]

In the comparison of the above-mentioned conventional methods, the former method of previously registering the tool data file seems to be advantageous, but in reality, due to the problem of the storage capacity of the tool data file, The former method may be rather troublesome. That is, it is not possible to register all the tools that may be used in the tool data file, so if the tool you are trying to use is not registered in the tool data file, search for unnecessary tools in the tool data file. Therefore, it is necessary to delete that data and register the tool data of the tool to be used there.

For example, there are many kinds of drills having different diameters, but it is impossible to register all of them in the tool data file, so that new tools can be added one after another. This is impossible due to the limited memory capacity. Further, due to the increase in the amount of data, it is not possible to know what kind of tool is registered, which rather makes the specification of the tool complicated.

Therefore, under the present circumstances, the procedure for registering a new tool by rewriting the tool data file as described above cannot be decided. However, for example, when only the diameter dimension of the tool data is different with a drill or the like, the tool data file is opened. The work of finding a deletable tool and rewriting the data is extremely complicated and time-consuming, and it is not uncommon that much of the machining program registration work is spent rewriting the tool data file.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and is capable of registering a larger number of tools without changing the tool data file and increasing the capacity of the tool data file. The challenge is to obtain technical means that can be designated as.

[0011]

According to the present invention, tool data excluding specific data (hereinafter, referred to as "specific data" in the claims and claims) which may be changed most frequently among the tool data. It is registered as a tool data file in advance, and the specific data of each tool is input for each process when setting the machining program, and the specified data input and other tool data read from the tool data file are used. The above problem is solved by confirming the tool and setting the necessary processing conditions.

Here, the specific data includes, for example, a cutting edge radius when the tool is a general-purpose tool, a cutting edge width and a cutting edge radius when the tool is a groove cutting tool, a nominal diameter for a drill, a nominal diameter and a pitch for a tap. It is the nominal diameter for center drills, the tool radius for end mills, the tool width and tool radius for side cutters, the tool radius for chamfering bites, and the nominal diameter for reamers.

[0013]

For example, taking a drill as an example, the tool data necessary for setting the machining conditions are the tool blade edge direction, rotation direction, nominal diameter, tip angle, tool length, tool material, etc. Is usually the end face, the direction of rotation is normally forward, the tip angle is usually 118 ° or 90 °, and the tool material is usually vise or cemented carbide. The tool length is constant within a certain diameter range. Therefore, among these pieces of tool data, there are many drills in which the types of nominal diameters are the most and only the data of nominal diameters are different and other tool data are the same.

In the conventional method, since several kinds of drills having different nominal diameter data are registered in the tool data file one by one, even if only the drills are used, the kinds of tools become enormous, and all the tools are used. I could not register.

On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, the tool data that is most often changed for each type of tool (general-purpose tool, groove cutting tool, drill, tap, etc.) is used as the specific data for the data in the tool data file. Except for the items, this specific data was made to be input by the operator when registering the machining program by interactive processing, so the types of tools registered in the tool data file can be greatly reduced, and therefore with the same memory capacity. It is possible to register more types of tools in the tool data file in advance.

In the method of the present invention, the operator needs to input the specific data of the tool to be used in each process when setting the machining program, but these data can be easily understood by referring to the work diagram, and Even in the conventional method, the data is necessary when selecting a tool from the tool data file, so that the work load on the operator is not increased and the operator does not need special skill.

The interactive numerical control device uses a set of tool data necessary for setting machining conditions based on specific data input for each step of a machining program and tool data in a tool data file corresponding to the tool. Is recognized, and the processing conditions are set based on them.

[0018]

EXAMPLE An example shown in the drawings will be described below. FIG. 1 shows an example of a record registered in the tool data file when the tool is a drill in form format (card format). The left side of the figure is the item of the conventional tool data file, and the right side is the method of the present invention. It shows the items of the tool data by. As can be understood by comparing the items on the left side and the item on the right side of FIG. 1, the tool data file of this embodiment includes
The command T code item and the nominal diameter item are not provided. The nominal diameter is an item that represents the diameter of the drill, and various sizes according to the diameter of the hole to be machined are required.

The command T code is a code indicating which position of the turret is to be tooled when this tool is selected, and the default value of the command T code was determined in the conventional method, but it is shown in this embodiment. In the method, this item is also deleted so that the operator can input the T code for each process. However, omission of the default value of this T code is not particularly related to the present invention.

Of the tool data item names shown in the figure,
The control number is the registration number of the tool. The tool type indicates whether it is a drill or a general-purpose tool,
(HEAD-L) indicates that this tool is used for machining in the left machining unit of the two-spindle facing lathe. Tool direction is the direction in which the tool edge is facing, rotation /
The turning indicates whether the tool is used for machining, in which the work is stopped and the tool side is rotated for machining, or the tool is fixed and the work side is rotated for machining. The command T code is the item described above, and indicates whether the rotation direction is a tool that rotates in the forward rotation direction for machining or a tool that rotates in the reverse rotation direction for machining. The nominal diameter is as described above, the tip angle is the angle of the tool tip, the tool length is the length of the tool, and the tool material is the material of the tool.

In the conventional tool data file, since there is an item of nominal diameter for drills, for example, the nominal diameter is 2
.., 20.5, 21.0 ..., it is necessary to register them as separate records even if the data of other items are exactly the same. On the other hand, according to the method of the present invention, since there is no item of nominal diameter in the drill tool data file, several kinds of drills having different nominal diameters can be collected in one record.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the input screen for the punching process when setting the machining program by the interactive processing, and the input item 1 of the nominal diameter is provided as the input item. The operator inputs the nominal diameter of the drill by moving the cursor 2 to the input item 1 of the nominal diameter and inputting a numerical value.

In the conventional method, when the nominal diameter of the drill is input by interactive processing, if the tool of the nominal diameter is registered in the tool data file, the tool and machining conditions are automatically determined. However, since there are many drill diameters as described above, it is rare that a tool with the input nominal diameter is registered. If the tool has a nominal diameter that has not been registered, either the operator calls the tool data file on the screen and newly registers the tool to be used, or an existing record with the same tool data other than the nominal diameter. Select or to change the nominal diameter. There is a memory capacity limitation when registering new tool data, and if you change the existing tool data, you cannot correctly execute the machining simulation when the tool before the change was used in the previous machining program. I will end up. Also, many key operations are required to change the record of the tool data file, which is complicated and time-consuming.

On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, when a numerical value is entered in the nominal diameter input field 3, the input value is used as the nominal diameter, and other tool data is read from the tool data file, and the tool and machining conditions are automatically calculated. It is determined. Therefore, it is unlikely that a tool having a size corresponding to the input nominal diameter is not registered, and it becomes unnecessary to change or register the tool data file.

In the same manner, delete the item of the radius of the cutting edge for the general-purpose tool and the thread cutting tool, the item of the cutting edge width for the groove cutting tool, the item of the pitch for tap, from the registered items of the tool data file, Automatically determines tools and machining conditions using the values entered when setting the machining program. 3 to 10 exemplify what data items are omitted from the tool data file according to the type of tool and become the items to be input when the machining program is set.

FIG. 3 shows items of general-purpose tool data, the left side being the registration items in the conventional method and the right side being the registration items in the method of the present invention, as in FIG. As can be seen from the comparison between the left and right figures, the item of the cutting edge radius is omitted as a registered item of the general-purpose tool. FIG. 4 is a data item of a cutting tool for grooving, in which the item of the cutting edge radius and the item of the cutting edge width are deleted from the tool data file, and these items are input items when setting the cutting program. Further, in the tap of FIG. 5, items of nominal diameter and pitch, in the end mill of FIG. 6, items of tool radius, in the side cutter of FIG. 7, items of tool width and tool radius, and in chamfering tool of FIG. 9 is deleted from the tool data file for the nominal diameter / width item in the reamer shown in FIG. 9 and the item for tool width in the boring tool shown in FIG. 10 is an input data item when the program is registered.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the nominal dimension of a tool is specified at the time of registering a program by interactive processing, the corresponding tool is not registered in the tool data file, and therefore the tool data file is not added. Since there is almost no need to change it, and by inputting the nominal size of the tool, other tool data is called from the tool data file and the tool to be used and the machining conditions are immediately determined. efficiency of the registration work of the machining program by the processing is effective to say that you greatly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing items of a tool data file for a drill in comparison with a conventional method (left side) and a method of the present invention (right side).

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a tool data input screen during interactive processing.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing items of a tool data file for a general-purpose tool in comparison with a conventional method (left side) and a method of the present invention (right side).

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing items of a tool data file for a groove cutting tool in comparison with a conventional method (left side) and a method of the present invention (right side).

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing items of a tool data file for taps in comparison with a conventional method (left side) and a method of the present invention (right side).

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing items of a tool data file for an end mill in comparison with a conventional method (left side) and a method of the present invention (right side).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing items of a tool data file for a side cutter in comparison with a conventional method (left side) and a method of the present invention (right side).

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing items of a tool data file for a chamfering tool in comparison with a conventional method (left side) and a method of the present invention (right side).

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the items of the tool data file regarding the reamer by comparison between the conventional method (left side) and the method of the present invention (right side).

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing items of a tool data file for a boring tool in comparison with the conventional method (left side) and the method of the present invention (right side).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Input items of nominal diameter 2 cursor 3 Input field of nominal diameter

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A registered tool data not including the pre-Me specific data to the interactive numerical control apparatus as a file, when setting the machining program by interaction, in the process for each step of the machining program to be set Input the above specific data of the tool to be used, and set the cutting conditions of the tool to be used in each step of the machining program by the above specified specific data and other tool data of the corresponding tool read from the tool data file. A method for inputting tool data in an interactive numerical control device, characterized by performing setting. 2. The specific data is a nominal diameter for a drill and a cutting edge radius for a cutting tool.
How to enter the described tool data.