JP3484064B2 - Sorting device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus suitable for sorting granular materials, and more particularly to sorting an object to be treated in which a lightweight object and a heavy object are mixed according to the purpose. The present invention relates to a sorting device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a construction waste such as a concrete waste that has been dismantled needs to be further separated for resource reuse and disposal. The components contained in these concrete waste materials are those that can be reused as resources such as concrete, stone, and sand, and those that are discarded by landfill / incineration such as wood chips, plastic pipes, vinyl, waste, plastic, and paper. Broadly divided.

There is a manual method for these selections. However, in the manual selection method, there is a risk of being caught in the line, work limitation due to dust, etc. Apart from the sorting process, which can only be relied on, mechanical sorting methods are now being introduced.

As such a sorting device, an ink line system, a vibration / air force sorting system, an inclined type sorting system, a rotating brush system and the like have been developed. The incline system is a combination of an inclined conveyor and a rotary chain curtain. In addition, the vibration / air force selection method is a configuration in which an object to be processed is loosened by vibration and separated and selected by using jetting force / suction force of a blower or a suction device. Further, the slant type sorting method is configured to separate and sort the objects to be processed by utilizing the easiness of rolling of slopes mainly in relation to the weight and using a roller conveyor or a disk for climbing conveyance.

A rotary brush type is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
As shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-5768, a pair of rotating brushes is provided, and when an object to be processed is dropped on the brushes, the lightweight object is carried by the rotating brush in a direction substantially tangential to the axis thereof. An object to be processed having a high specific gravity is a sorting method that utilizes falling from a gap of a rotating brush.

[0006]

Among the conventional sorting devices described above, the incline system, the vibration / wind force system, the climbing system, and the like all convey an object to be processed over a relatively long distance. In addition, a large output drive source is required, and when it is installed in an existing facility, it requires a large facility remodeling, a large installation space, it is necessary to secure land, and the device itself becomes expensive. In addition, it takes a burden to add power,
Furthermore, in addition to capital investment other than the main body, noise,
There were problems such as relatively large vibration.

On the other hand, the rotary brush type sorting apparatus has the advantages that the apparatus itself can be constructed at a low cost, and the facility power is only rotation, so that it does not burden electric power addition and that noise and vibration are relatively small. .

[0008] The rotary brush type can reduce the installation space and the facility cost as compared with the other types, but if the transport length by the brush is short, the selection rate is lowered. Invite. In addition, when the object is left sandwiched between the brushes due to the sliding of the brush, or when the object to be processed is jumping above the rotating brush (so-called foul tip), a heavy object falls on the rotating brush,
It dropped together with the heavy objects, which caused a decrease in the separation recovery rate. On the contrary, a heavy object having a large specific gravity but fine particles is also carried by the brush together with the light object, which also causes a decrease in the separation recovery rate. Moreover, since the carried-in object to be processed must always go beyond the axis of the rotary brush, the weight of the falling of the object to be processed is often directly applied to this axis during carrying-in. When the weights are overlapped in this way, there is a problem in that the shaft and the bearing are easily damaged and the life of the device is shortened.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the installation space is not so large,
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a sorting apparatus which can reduce the equipment cost by suppressing the drive source to a relatively small output and can improve the separation recovery rate.

[0010]

The above object of the present invention is to provide a rotary brush having a brush bristle planted on the outer periphery thereof, which is rotationally driven at a predetermined inclination, and a cross-sectional shape centered on the shaft of the rotary brush. A sorting chute that is substantially arcuate and is arranged at a predetermined distance below the rotating brush in an inclined state that is substantially equal to the axis of the rotating brush, and a supply unit that supplies an object to be processed to the upstream end of the sorting chute. With a vibrating means that vibrates the chute and promotes the movement of the object to be processed downstream in the axial direction of the rotating brush, the object that has risen to the upper layer rotates among the objects that are moving due to the vibration of the sorting chute. This is achieved by a sorting device characterized by discharging and sorting in the circumferential direction of a sorting chute by rotation of a brush.

Further, according to the above configuration, the object to be processed supplied onto the selection chute becomes a relatively light object to be processed in the flow of the object due to the vibration applied to the selection chute from the vibrating means. The separation state in which it floats to the upper layer progresses. This separation state becomes more reliable toward the downstream side as it slides down on the inclined selection chute. Then, the separation process of the comparatively lightweight object on the sorting chute is performed by utilizing the vibration applied to the sorting chute and the sliding down due to the inclination of the sorting chute, so compared with the case of simply separating by vibration, The conveying length can be shortened, and the vibrating means does not need to generate a very strong vibrating force. Further, the rotating brush sweeps out only the relatively lightweight object to be processed, which floats up in the flow of the object to be processed, and the driving force of the rotating brush does not need to be so large. Therefore, the installation space is not so large, the drive source can be suppressed to a relatively small output, the facility cost can be reduced, and the separation and recovery rate can be improved.

The rigidity of the brush bristles, the gap between the bristles and the sorting chute, the brush, and the brush so that the discharge / sorting force of the rotating brush becomes stronger toward the downstream side in the flow direction of the object to be treated on the sorting chute. At least one of the hair planting densities may be adjusted. Further, it is preferable that the selection chute has a structure having a selection hole through which an object having a predetermined particle diameter or less is dropped. By setting the diameter of the sorting hole, the sorting hole can be used for sorting fine-grained objects to be treated, or for sorting relatively heavy objects to be treated and having a small diameter.

If the selection chute has a structure in which a pre-conveying unit for promoting the lifting of a lightweight object to be processed is provided on the upstream side of the area where the rotary brush exists, the rotary brush has a brush bristle. Just set the length of the brush bristles so that the tip comes into contact with the upper layer of the material to be processed,
It is possible to sort and discharge only the light-weight processed objects with the upper layer of brush bristles in the circumferential direction of the sorting chute, and it is possible to perform sorting with high accuracy and efficiency. Further, the distance between the rotary brush and the sorting chute can be changed according to the standard of the object to be sorted and discharged in the circumferential direction of the sorting chute. Further, by narrowing this interval as it goes down, it is possible to maintain the sorting ability even in the downstream where the sorting and discharging progresses and the thickness of the flow of the object to be processed becomes thin.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a sorting apparatus according to the present invention. The sorting apparatus 1 of this embodiment is, for example,
The processing object M generated by crushing construction waste materials,
This is a device that can sort out relatively heavy items such as concrete pieces, brick pieces, and reinforcing bar pieces, and relatively lightweight pieces such as wood chips, resin material pieces, and paper pieces.

The sorting apparatus 1 is specifically shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus frame 2 is equipped with the apparatus frame 2 that is appropriately hung from the upper mounting portion 16 of the processing facility through the hoisting tool 18, and the shaft 4 having the brush bristles 3 planted on the outer periphery thereof. The rotating brush 5 rotatably supported by the bearing 2a, and the device frame 2
An object to be treated is installed between a brush drive motor 7 installed on the rotary brush 5 for rotationally driving the rotary brush 5 via a transmission means 19 such as a sprocket or a chain, and a tip of the brush bristles 3 as a predetermined distance from the rotary brush 5. The gap S through which M flows is provided,
In addition, a substantially chute-shaped selection chute 9 having a cross-sectional shape formed in a substantially arc shape with the shaft 4 of the rotary brush 5 as a center and arranged below the rotary brush 5, and the selection chute 9 is a shaft of the rotary brush 5. Vibration motor 1 as a vibrating means for vibrating in the direction
1 and a processing object feeding hopper 14 having a processing object supply port 13 for supplying the processing object M to the upstream end of the sorting chute 9. In addition to such a hanging structure, an installation base or an installation structure on the ground can be used.

The rotating brush 5 is supported by the bearing portion 2a in a posture in which the shaft 4 is inclined at a predetermined inclination angle. The brush bristles 3 planted on the shaft 4 are planted so as to project in the radial direction from the shaft 4, and the repulsive force necessary for sweeping out the lightweight object on the sorting chute 9 in the circumferential direction and The material used is selected so as to obtain strength, and is made of, for example, a hard nylon fiber bundle (in addition, vinyl chloride, polystyrene, etc.).

The sorting chute 9 is provided with the shaft 4 of the rotary brush 5 so that the object M to be processed slides down in the direction of the shaft 4 of the rotary brush 5 at an appropriate speed while being vibrated by the vibration force of the vibration motor 11. It is arranged below the rotating brush 5 in substantially the same inclined state. Then, before the sweeping by the rotary brush 5 starts, the sorting chute 9 is exposed to the upstream side of the area where the rotating brush 5 exists, and the lightweight processing object is floated on the upper layer of the processing object M due to the vibration of the sorting chute 9 itself. A pre-transport unit 9c for advancing the separated state to some extent is provided for an appropriate length. Further, as shown in the figure, the sorting chute 9 has a sorting hole 9a for dropping a heavy object having a particle diameter of a predetermined diameter or less.

The center of gravity of the sorting chute 9 is adjustable by a balance weight 21 connected to the upper end of the sorting chute 9, and the vibration motor 11 is installed at the center of gravity. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the sorting chute 9 has two upper edge portions 9b on both sides so that the light processing object swept in the circumferential direction by the rotating force of the rotating brush 5 does not accidentally scatter around. The gap between the brush bristles 3 and the tip is narrowed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to maintain the same degree of clearance and extend to the plate edge.
Then, on the sweeping side of the workpiece, which is the rotating direction of the rotary brush 5 indicated by the arrow (a) in FIG. 2, slightly above the upper edge portion 9b of the sorting chute 9, the lightweight workpiece with the brush bristles 3 swept out. A scraper 23 for dropping an object in a predetermined direction and position indicated by an arrow (b) is provided. This scraper 23
Are supported by columns 25 suspended from the device frame 2. Further, it is preferable that the tip of the scraper 23 is in contact with the brush bristles 3.

The object input hopper 14 is equipped with a gate 15 for adjusting the opening area of the object supply port 13, and the gate 15 adjusts the opening area of the object supply port 13. By adjusting the supply amount of the object M to be processed onto the sorting chute 9, the sorting processing speed and the like can be adjusted.

The above sorting device 1 is assembled to the crushing treatment device so that the upper opening of the hopper 14 for inputting the material to be treated is connected to the discharge port of the treated material in the crushing treatment device such as concrete waste material. Used. The operation of the sorting apparatus 1 will be described below. In the sorting apparatus 1, the workpiece M is supplied from the workpiece supply port 13 to the sorting chute 9, and the sorting chute 9 is vibrated by the vibration motor 11, while the rotary brush 5 is rotationally driven by the brush drive motor 7. It That is, the vibration of the sorting chute 9, the sliding action on the sorting chute 9, and the rotating brush 5
By means of the sweeping action, the light-weight ones in the object M to be processed are swept in the circumferential direction of the sorting chute 9 and collected by the scraper 23 outside the sorting chute 9 and have a smaller particle size than the sorting holes 9a. Is dropped from the sorting hole 9a below the sorting chute 9 to be collected, while the sorting hole 9a
If the particle size is larger and is relatively heavy, the sorting chute 9
Collect at the bottom outlet of.

More specifically, in the sorting apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the object M to be processed in which various kinds of objects supplied are mixed onto the pre-conveying section 9c of the sorting chute 9 is mixed.
The vibration applied to the selection chute 9 by the vibration motor 11 advances the separation so that the lightweight object m1 is raised to the upper layer as shown in FIG. 3 (b). This separated state becomes more reliable on the downstream side of the sorting chute 9 due to the sliding action on the inclined sorting chute 9. And FIG.
When the processed object M in the separated state of (b) slides down the pre-conveying section 9c and reaches the area where the brush bristles 3 of the rotating brush 5 exist, as shown in FIG. It is possible to sweep out only the lightweight object m1 to the side of the sorting chute 9 and efficiently separate and discharge the lightweight object m1 floating on the upper layer of the object M.

Further, when the sorting chute 9 has a structure having a sorting hole for dropping a weight-processed object having a particle size of a predetermined value or less as in the above-described embodiment, the weight-processed object m
2 is not only separated from the lightweight processed object m1 but also
It is also possible to sort by particle size according to the purpose of reuse, and it is possible to achieve multifunctional sorting and higher performance.

In the case of the above-described embodiment, the brush bristles 3 are planted in the rotary brush 5 evenly in both the circumferential direction and the longitudinal direction of the shaft 4. In the depth direction, a portion having a different planting density may be formed. The length of the brush bristles 3 to be planted may be changed in a part in the circumferential direction, or the length of the lower end of the sorting chute 9 may be longer than that of the upper end of the sorting chute 9. Variation may be given to enhance the sweeping effect on the lightweight object to be processed.

Further, the brush in which the rotary brush 5 is planted is so arranged that the expulsion force of the rotary brush 5 due to the sweeping out of the brush bristles 3 becomes stronger toward the downstream side in the flow direction of the object M to be processed on the sorting chute 9. The elastic force of the bristles 3 and the gap S between the bristles 3 and the selection chute 9 may be adjusted. By doing so, the sweeping in the circumferential direction by the rotating brush 5 becomes excessive on the upstream side of the sorting chute 9 in which there is little protrusion to the upper layer of the lightweight object m1 and the heavy object m2 remaining in the upper layer. It is possible to reduce the inconvenience that the above is removed in the circumferential direction together with the lightweight object m1 to improve the separation performance.

The support structure of the sorting apparatus 1 and the gate 1
The specific structure of the components of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, including the opening / closing mechanism of No. 5, is not limited to the illustrated example. It goes without saying that the design can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

When processing a construction waste material having a size of 0 to 40 mm as an object to be input, the vibration motor 11 as a vibrating means has an amplitude of 2 to 5 mm and a frequency of 2
It is suitable that the acceleration is 0 to 30 Hz, and the acceleration at this time is about 3.6 G, which facilitates the separation of the lightweight object and the relatively heavy object. The rotation speed of the rotary brush 5 depends on the rigidity and the length of the brush bristles 3, but when the diameter of the rotary brush 5 is 500 mm, a rotation of about 50 to 100 rpm is a proper range.

[0027]

According to the sorting apparatus of the present invention, the objects to be treated are not fed on the axis of the rotating brush, and the durability of the apparatus can be extended. And, the separation state in which the lightweight processed object floats to the upper layer becomes more reliable toward the downstream side of the sorting chute, so while the processed object flows down, the lightweight processed object floats to the upper layer, and thus every time it floats up. The object to be processed is swept out to the side of the sorting chute by the rotating brush, and the light object to be processed mixed in the object can be efficiently separated and eliminated. Further, since the separation process on the sorting chute is performed by utilizing the vibration applied to the sorting chute and the sliding down due to the inclination of the sorting chute, the conveying length can be shortened as compared with the case of separating only by the vibration. Moreover, the vibrating means does not need to generate a very strong vibrating force. In addition, the rotating brush sweeps out only the lightweight processed object that floats above the heavy processed object,
The driving force of the rotating brush does not need to be so large. Therefore, the size of the device can be reduced, and the drive source can be suppressed to a relatively small output to reduce the equipment cost. Furthermore, when the sorting chute has a structure having sorting holes, it becomes possible to further sort by particle size according to the purpose of reuse, and it is possible to achieve multifunctional sorting and high performance. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional side view of an embodiment of a sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a transition of a sorting process in the sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 sorter 2 device frames 2a Bearing part 3 brush hair 4 axes 5 rotating brushes 7 Brush drive motor 9 Sorting chute 11 Vibration motor (excitation means) 13 Processing object supply port 14 Workpiece input hopper 15 gates 21 Balance Weight

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-9-155295 (JP, A) JP-A-7-112163 (JP, A) JP-A-5-23601 (JP, A) JP-A-6- 254500 (JP, A) Special Table HEI 4-500776 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B07B 1/00-15/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotary brush having a shaft on which brush bristles are planted on the outer periphery of which is rotationally driven at a predetermined inclination, and a cross-sectional shape of which is substantially arcuate about the shaft of the rotary brush, and the rotary brush. A sorting chute arranged at a predetermined distance below the rotary brush in a tilted state substantially equal to the axis of, a supply unit for supplying an object to be processed to an upstream end of the sorting chute, the sorting chute is vibrated, and The rotating brush is provided with a vibrating means for accelerating the movement of the object to be processed downstream in the axial direction of the rotating brush, and the object to be processed floated to the upper layer in the object being moved by the vibration of the sorting chute is rotated by the rotating brush. The sorting device is characterized by being discharged and sorted in the circumferential direction of the sorting chute. 2. The rigidity of the brush bristles, the clearance between the bristles and the sorting chute, so that the discharge / sorting force by the rotating brush becomes stronger toward the downstream side in the flow direction of the object to be treated on the sorting chute, The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the brush bristle planting densities is adjusted. 3. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sorting chute has a sorting hole for dropping an object to be processed having a predetermined particle size or less. 4. The pre-conveying unit, which is provided between the supply unit and the rotating brush, for promoting the lifting of a relatively lightweight object to a certain extent. 1. The sorting device according to one of 1.