JP3485345B2 - Composting accelerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to defoliation, hay, rice straw and the like.
Composting accelerator used for composting of plant remains
It is. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventional fertilization methods are usually performed using chemical fertilizers.
However, this method involves the use of chemical fertilizers to remove soil.
Deterioration and deterioration of soil strength, causing various plant diseases
And the resistance to pests is reduced
There is. So composting plant remains such as leaf litter, hay, rice straw, etc.
The resulting organic compost is applied to the field, paddy fields, orchards, etc.
By fertilizing, useful microorganisms in the soil grow and
Attention has been focused on restoring strength. Such organic
Conventionally, compost has the effect of promoting composting of plant remains.
Humus plants
More manufactured. [0003] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Method, the progress of composting depends on the nature of the composting-promoting cells
Therefore, composting under conditions suitable for cell growth
Promoted, but unsuitable for the growth of cells at low temperatures, for example
There is a problem that composting is not promoted under the conditions.
Was. Therefore, the temperature suitable for the growth of cells is generally 10 ° C.
More preferably, the temperature is about 20 ° C. or more.
High quality organic compost is produced in a relatively short period of time.
For example, in winter when the temperature falls below 5 ° C,
Organic compost is manufactured because composting hardly progresses
It was difficult to do. [0004] The present invention has been made under such circumstances.
The purpose is to keep the plant
Provides a composting accelerator that can perform body composting
Is to do. [0005] Means for Solving the Problems The present inventionComposting accelerator
IsAccession number is FERM P-14027Filamentous fungus
NP-350 is characterized as an active ingredient. [0006] [Action] The genus and species are Scedosporium and Ap, respectively.
Filamentous fungus NP-, an aerobic bacterium of iospermum
350 is selected and cultured from a group of bacteria contained in the soil.
Composting accelerator containing the filamentous fungus NP-350 as an active ingredient
obtain. The filamentous fungus NP-350 is a cellulos
It has the resolution of the source
Decompose plant remains to promote composting
Can be. [0007] EXAMPLES The composting promoter of the present invention has an accession number of FER
MP-14027 Filamentous fungus Scedosporium
  Apiospermum (hereinafter referred to as filamentous fungus NP-350)
Say. ) As the active ingredient.
After solid cultivation of the fungus NP-350, it is pulverized finely and powdered.
It is a shape. [0008] The present inventors have found that in extremely cold regions or cold regions.
For example, composting of plant remains such as leaf litter, hay, rice straw, etc.
Chilling properties and plants
Microorganisms that have the resolution of cellulose, the main component of
Decomposes plant remains and promotes composting even at low temperatures.
Focus on the possibility of progress
Was. For this reason, cellulose in low temperature region in cold climate soil
A search for microorganisms having a high resolution revealed that the filamentous fungi N
Discovered P-350 and succeeded in selective culture.
The invention has been completed. This filamentous fungus NP-350 has been developed by the present inventors.
The genus and species obtained by cultivation are Scedosporiu, respectively.
m, an aerobic filamentous fungus that is Apiospermum
For example, Potato D having the composition shown in Table 1
extrose Agar medium or Malt Extra
Using ct Agar medium, the pH of the medium was adjusted to 4.6-
After adjusting to 4.8, in Nagano Prefecture at a culture temperature of 20 ° C.
Selective cultivation from a group of bacteria contained in the collected soil
It is something. The culture temperature should be 25 ° C or less.
Hopeful. [0010] [Table 1]And the filamentous fungus NP-3 obtained by the solid culture in this manner.
50, for example, finely pulverized to a powder form,
Composting of plants by clothing or mixing
To produce organic compost. Next, the effect of the composting accelerator of the present invention will be confirmed.
An experimental example performed for this will be described. [Experimental example 1] Sunflower seed residue 500 kg, rice husk 500
kg of plant remains, ammonium sulfate 8 kg, thread
Mixed with 4 kg of composting accelerator consisting of fungi NP-350
After setting the test area, four months at a temperature of -3 to 5 ° C
Leave it for a month and compost the plant remains to remove organic compost.
Manufactured. Humidity, moisture,
Measure pH, total nitrogen concentration and total carbon concentration respectively, and
(Total carbon content of organic compost / Total nitrogen content of organic compost)
It was obtained by calculation. As a comparative experiment, a composting accelerator was added.
The same experiment was performed by setting a section (control section) where no addition was made.
Table 2 shows the results. [0012] [Table 2][Experimental example 2] 500 kg of sunflower seed residue, 500 husks
NP-350 for a plant body consisting of
4kg of composting promoter
As a comparative experiment, set a section where no composting accelerator was added
Then, the same experiment as in Experimental Example 1 was performed at a temperature of −3 to 5 ° C.
Was. Table 3 shows the results. [0013] [Table 3] [Experimental example 3] Bark 18000 kg, Bacas cake 35
400kg plant remains and 1000k dried chicken droppings
g, urea 300 kg, oil cake 150 kg, and filamentous fungus NP-
Tested by mixing with 350kg of composting accelerator consisting of 350
Set a plot and add a composting accelerator as a comparative experiment.
Set a ward not to add, and set the same as in Experimental Example 1 at a temperature of 2 to 5 ° C.
The same experiment was performed. Table 4 shows the results. [0014] [Table 4][Experimental example 4] A plant body consisting of 1000 kg of bark,
From 55 kg of ammonium sulfate and filamentous fungus NP-350
Mix with 40kg of composting accelerator to set up a test plot
As a comparative experiment,
And perform the same experiment as in Experimental Example 1 at a temperature of 2 to 5 ° C.
went. Table 5 shows the results. [0015] [Table 5] [Experimental example 5] Plant body consisting of 4800 kg of softened rice husk
And 50 kg of ammonium sulfate and the filamentous fungus NP-350
Test zone by mixing with 5 kg of composting accelerator consisting of
And do not add composting accelerator as a comparative experiment
Set the ward and conduct the same experiment as Experiment 1 under the temperature of 2-5 ° C
Was done. Table 6 shows the results. [0016] [Table 6][Experimental example 6] Plant body consisting of 3000 kg of softened rice husk
And 27.5 kg of ammonium sulfate, and the filamentous fungus NP-3
50kg composting accelerator and 3kg
Set and add a composting accelerator as a comparative experiment.
Set no ward, and use the same method as in Experimental Example 1 at a temperature of 2 to 5 ° C.
An experiment was performed. Table 7 shows the results. [0017] [Table 7] [Experimental example 7] A plant body consisting of 500 kg of rice straw and sulfuric acid
Consists of 10 kg of ammonium and filamentous fungus NP-350
Combine with 4 kg of composting accelerator to establish a test plot.
In the comparison, a section was set without adding a composting promoter as a comparative experiment
Example of an experiment where the temperature is 2 to 5 ° C and the storage period is 2 months
The same experiment as in Example 1 was performed. Table 8 shows the results. [0018] [Table 8] [Experimental example 8] Plant body consisting of 500 kg of bark and chicken
Composting promotion consisting of 10 kg of feces and filamentous fungus NP-350
4 kg, and set a test plot.
As a test, set a zone where no composting accelerator was added,
The same experiment as in Experimental Example 1 was performed at ８8 ° C. As a result
Are shown in Table 9. [0019] [Table 9] [Experimental example 9] 250 kg of rice straw, 1250 kg of sawdust
Plant remains consisting of 3,000 kg of pig manure, sawdust pig manure
500 kg of urine, 20 kg of urea, and the filamentous fungus NP-350
With a composting accelerator consisting of 20 kg
And do not add a composting accelerator as a comparative experiment.
And set the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1 at a temperature of 2-5 ° C.
Test was carried out. Table 10 shows the results. [0020] [Table 10] The following was confirmed from the above experimental results. That is,
In Experimental Examples 1 to 9, in each case, the filamentous fungus NP-35 was used.
Organic compost obtained by adding a composting accelerator consisting of 0
Has a higher humus degree, and therefore has a filamentous fungus NP-350.
The composting accelerator used as an active ingredient has a temperature of 8 ° C.
Even at low temperatures below ℃, it has the resolution of plant remains,
It was confirmed that the composting process could proceed
Was. The plant remains include sunflower seed residues.
Residue, bark, bacas cake, softened rice hulls, rice straw, sawdust
, Etc., but in any case,
Compared to the high humus degree, it contains the filamentous fungus NP-350.
Composting accelerator as an active ingredient can be applied to various plants
It was confirmed that it was possible. Further, the water content of high quality organic compost is about
60%, pH is known to be about 7.0,
Manufactured using composting accelerator consisting of filamentous fungus NP-350
Organic compost is used as raw materials for plant remains and materials to be added.
There are some differences depending on the ingredients, but the water content is around 60%,
Since the pH is around 7.0, the filamentous fungus NP-350
High-quality organic compost using a composting accelerator consisting of
It was confirmed that it could be done. Organic compost
The water content is adjusted by adding a water regulator. In each of the experimental examples, a composting accelerator was used.
Besides, ammonium sulfate, dried chicken dung, urea, oil cake, pig
Manure is added, but these have conventionally promoted composting.
Organic compost
Is added in order to lower the carbon ratio. That is
The carbon ratio is (carbon content of organic compost) / (organic compost
Nitrogen content).
Indicates that it is difficult to be decomposed by microorganisms
However, because plants only contain carbon,
It is necessary to increase
is there. As described above, the composting promoter of the present invention can be used
It has the resolution of cellulose, the main component of
NP-350 having the active ingredient as an active ingredient
Decomposition of plant remains, for example, even at low temperatures of 8 ° C or less
Has ability. Therefore, if this composting accelerator is used,
Even in cold places such as cold seasons and places,
Promote composting and produce high quality organic compost
You. In the above, the composting accelerator of the present invention
Is a composting accelerator containing other microorganisms as a component;
P-350 may be mixed and constituted. [0026] According to the present invention, the cell which is a main component of a plant is
Filamentous fungi having reulose resolution and psychrophilic
And a composting accelerator containing this filamentous fungus as an active ingredient.
Composting of plants even at low temperatures
It can be performed.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-32658 (JP, A) JP-A-7-149647 (JP, A) JP-A-5-310707 (JP, A) JP-A 55- 51789 (JP, A) JP-A-52-93569 (JP, A) JP-B-34-8875 (JP, B1) JP-T2-501733 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. ⁷ , DB name) C05B 1/00-C05G 5/00 C02F 11/00-11/20 B09B 1/00-5/00 C12N 1/00-1/38 C12P 1/00-1/06 BIOSIS (DIALOG)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] The deposit number is FERM P-14027.
A composting accelerator comprising a certain filamentous fungus NP-350 as an active ingredient.