JP3493995B2 - Sodium sulfur battery module - Google Patents
Sodium sulfur battery moduleInfo
- Publication number
- JP3493995B2 JP3493995B2 JP03700398A JP3700398A JP3493995B2 JP 3493995 B2 JP3493995 B2 JP 3493995B2 JP 03700398 A JP03700398 A JP 03700398A JP 3700398 A JP3700398 A JP 3700398A JP 3493995 B2 JP3493995 B2 JP 3493995B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- working fluid
- heat
- sodium
- substance
- capillary force
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ナトリウム硫黄電
池を１本または複数本を集合させてなる電池モジュール
の冷却方式に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling system for a battery module, which is formed by assembling one or more sodium-sulfur batteries.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ナトリウム硫黄電池は、負極活物質にナ
トリウム，正極活物質に硫黄，正極と負極の隔壁に、ナ
トリウムイオンに導電性がある固体電解質が用いられる
高温型二次電池である。一般に、ナトリウムイオン導電
性の固体電解質とナトリウムと硫黄を収納する１つの容
器から１つの電池が構成される。これを単電池と呼ぶ。
ナトリウム硫黄電池の通常の運転温度は３００〜４００
℃と高温であるため、ナトリウム硫黄電池は、複数の単
電池を断熱容器に詰めてモジュールとする。放電や充電
時のジュール発熱によって電池温度が上昇するが、余り
高温となると電池の寿命を短縮する結果となるため、モ
ジュール内の熱を除去して電池を一定温度範囲に維持す
る必要がある。冷却方法としては、自然放熱や強制空冷
を用いるのが一般的である。また、特開平9−120835 号
公報にはヒートパイプを用いた冷却方式が提案されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art A sodium-sulfur battery is a high-temperature secondary battery in which sodium is used as a negative electrode active material, sulfur is used as a positive electrode active material, and a solid electrolyte having conductivity for sodium ions is used as a partition wall between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. In general, one battery is composed of one container containing a sodium ion conductive solid electrolyte and sodium and sulfur. This is called a unit cell.
Normal operating temperature of sodium-sulfur battery is 300-400
Since the temperature is as high as ° C, the sodium-sulfur battery is a module in which a plurality of single cells are packed in a heat insulating container. The temperature of the battery rises due to Joule heat generation during discharging and charging, but if the temperature becomes too high, the life of the battery will be shortened. Therefore, it is necessary to remove heat inside the module to maintain the battery in a constant temperature range. As a cooling method, it is general to use natural heat radiation or forced air cooling. Further, JP-A-9-120835 proposes a cooling system using a heat pipe.
【０００３】特開平9−120835 号公報に開示のナトリウ
ム硫黄電池モジュールは、図２に示すように、断熱容器
４内に複数の単電池１を集合させ、複数の単電池１は導
線で直並列に接続されている。単電池１同士の間には、
断熱材を充填したり、あるいは、ガスを循環させるため
の空間８を設けている。ヒートパイプ９が電池と平行に
挿入され、断熱容器４の外部に除熱部１０がおかれてい
る。また、ナトリウム硫黄電池の加熱は通常、モジュー
ル内に設けた電気ヒータで実施する。As shown in FIG. 2, the sodium-sulfur battery module disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-120835 has a plurality of unit cells 1 assembled in a heat insulating container 4, and the plurality of unit cells 1 are connected in series in parallel with conductive wires. It is connected to the. Between the unit cells 1,
A space 8 is provided for filling a heat insulating material or circulating a gas. The heat pipe 9 is inserted in parallel with the battery, and the heat removal unit 10 is provided outside the heat insulating container 4. Further, heating of the sodium-sulfur battery is usually performed by an electric heater provided in the module.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来技術では、高
出力運転時にモジュール電池の全領域を均一の温度にす
ることは不可能であった。さらに、特定の単電池、例え
ば、断熱条件の良いモジュールの中央部の単電池は最も
高温と成り易いが、その部分を選択的に冷やしにくいと
いう問題点があった。In the above-mentioned prior art, it was impossible to keep the entire temperature of the module battery at a uniform temperature during high-power operation. Further, a specific unit cell, for example, a unit cell in the center of a module having a good heat insulation condition is likely to reach the highest temperature, but there is a problem that it is difficult to selectively cool that portion.
【０００５】本発明の目的は、モジュールの高温部を選
択的に冷却し、モジュール内を均温とし、高出力の電池
運転を可能にしたナトリウム硫黄電池モジュールを提供
することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a sodium-sulfur battery module which selectively cools a high temperature portion of the module to make the temperature inside the module uniform and enables high-power battery operation.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のモジュールは、
多数の単電池を直列あるいは並列に接続し、その単電池
を断熱容器内に収納するナトリウム硫黄電池モジュール
において、断熱容器内にヒートパイプの作動流体（熱媒
体）を直接充填し、作動流体を直接高温の電池表面に供
給して作動流体を蒸発させ、モジュールの低温部あるい
は断熱容器外部に設けた冷却部で凝縮して、電池モジュ
ール内の電池温度を均一にすると共に、モジュール内か
ら熱を除去する手段を設けたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The module of the present invention comprises:
In a sodium-sulfur battery module in which a large number of cells are connected in series or in parallel and the cells are housed in an insulating container, the working fluid (heat medium) of the heat pipe is directly filled in the insulating container, and the working fluid is directly filled. Supply the hot fluid to the surface of the battery to evaporate the working fluid and condense it in the low temperature part of the module or in the cooling part outside the heat insulation container to make the battery temperature uniform inside the battery module and remove heat from inside the module. The means for doing so is provided.
【０００７】本発明によれば、モジュール内の高温部で
発生した熱を作動流体の蒸発潜熱として回収し、低温部
で凝縮潜熱として、放熱することによってモジュール電
池の高温部から低温部へ熱を移送する。この熱移送を経
ることによって、高温電池は冷却され、電池最高温度が
抑制されると共に低温電池が温度上昇し、モジュール内
の電池温度が一様化される。According to the present invention, the heat generated in the high temperature part in the module is recovered as the evaporation latent heat of the working fluid, and is radiated as the condensation latent heat in the low temperature part to release the heat from the high temperature part to the low temperature part of the module battery. Transfer. Through this heat transfer, the high temperature battery is cooled, the maximum battery temperature is suppressed, the temperature of the low temperature battery rises, and the battery temperature in the module is made uniform.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面を参照し、実施例につ
いて本発明を詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【０００９】図１は本発明の第１の実施例を示す図であ
る。断熱容器４内に装着された単電池１の周囲に毛細管
力の大きなウイック２を設け、このウイック２に作動流
体３を含浸させる。単電池１の温度が上昇すると作動流
体３が高温となり蒸発する。蒸発した作動流体３は低温
部へと移送され、冷却フィン５で冷却され凝縮する。凝
縮した作動流体３は、重力落下して単電池表面のウイッ
ク２ならびに断熱容器の底部に還流する。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. A wick 2 having a large capillary force is provided around the unit cell 1 mounted in the heat insulating container 4, and the wick 2 is impregnated with the working fluid 3. When the temperature of the unit cell 1 rises, the working fluid 3 becomes hot and evaporates. The evaporated working fluid 3 is transferred to the low temperature portion, cooled by the cooling fins 5 and condensed. The condensed working fluid 3 drops by gravity and flows back to the wick 2 on the surface of the unit cell and the bottom of the heat insulating container.
【００１０】この作動流体３の相変化に伴い、高温電池
から作動流体３の潜熱を取り、高温電池は冷却される。With the phase change of the working fluid 3, the latent heat of the working fluid 3 is taken from the high temperature battery, and the high temperature battery is cooled.
【００１１】作動流体としてはダウサム−Ａ，硫黄とヨ
ウ素等が使用可能である。Dowsum-A, sulfur and iodine can be used as the working fluid.
【００１２】なお、図１には内部に不活性ガス７を内包
したガス溜め６が冷却部１１より蒸気流の下流側に設け
られている。不活性ガスの役割は作動流体３の蒸気が冷
却部１１に到達する温度条件を選定することである。す
なわち、モジュール内の温度が低い場合には作動流体３
の蒸気が冷却部１１に到達せず、冷却機能を果たさな
い。ある設定温度以上において初めて、作動流体３の蒸
気が冷却部１１に到達して冷却機能を果たすことにな
る。従って、モジュール内の温度が低い場合には無駄な
放熱がなく、モジュール内の温度が高い場合のみ、モジ
ュール内を冷却することになる。In FIG. 1, a gas reservoir 6 containing an inert gas 7 therein is provided downstream of the cooling section 11 in the vapor flow. The role of the inert gas is to select the temperature condition under which the vapor of the working fluid 3 reaches the cooling section 11. That is, when the temperature in the module is low, the working fluid 3
Does not reach the cooling unit 11 and does not fulfill the cooling function. The vapor of the working fluid 3 reaches the cooling unit 11 and performs the cooling function only at a certain set temperature or higher. Therefore, when the temperature inside the module is low, there is no wasteful heat dissipation, and only when the temperature inside the module is high, the inside of the module is cooled.
【００１３】図３は本発明の第２の実施例を示す図であ
る。モジュールの断熱容器４の底部に液溜め１２を設
け、液溜め１２内にはウイック２を延長した。また、液
溜め１２には加熱用のヒータ１３を設けた。液溜め１２
には冷却部１１で凝縮した作動流体３が蓄積しており、
仮に、電池を室温から運転温度に加熱する際に、ヒータ
１３で液溜め１２を加熱し、作動流体３を蒸発させ、低
温の電池を昇温することができる。本方式により、モジ
ュールの断熱容器４内には加熱源を設ける必要はない。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. A liquid reservoir 12 was provided at the bottom of the heat insulating container 4 of the module, and the wick 2 was extended in the liquid reservoir 12. Further, the liquid reservoir 12 was provided with a heater 13 for heating. Pool 12
Has accumulated the working fluid 3 condensed in the cooling unit 11,
If the battery is heated from room temperature to the operating temperature, the heater 13 can heat the liquid reservoir 12 to evaporate the working fluid 3 and raise the temperature of the low temperature battery. With this method, it is not necessary to provide a heating source in the heat insulating container 4 of the module.
【００１４】図４は本発明の第３の実施例を示す図であ
る。図１と比べ、冷却部１１を除去したもので、モジュ
ール内の電池温度の一様化に重点を置いた構造である。
動作機能は電池の外表面に装着されたウイック２で作動
流体３が供給され、特に温度の高い電池で作動流体３が
蒸発し、低い温度の電池で凝縮することにより、各単電
池の温度差を縮小することができる。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. Compared to FIG. 1, the cooling unit 11 is removed, and the structure is focused on equalizing the battery temperature in the module.
The operating function is that the working fluid 3 is supplied by the wick 2 mounted on the outer surface of the battery, and the working fluid 3 evaporates particularly in a battery having a high temperature and condenses in a battery having a low temperature, so that the temperature difference between the individual cells is increased. Can be reduced.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、ナ
トリウム硫黄電池モジュール内の単電池の配置に関係な
く、各単電池の温度を一様に維持でき、かつ、電池の軸
方向の温度差も極力小さく抑えることが可能である。電
池外に設けた熱源で電池の温度を加熱できる特徴を有す
る。As described above, according to the present invention, the temperature of each unit cell can be kept uniform regardless of the arrangement of the unit cells in the sodium-sulfur battery module, and the temperature in the axial direction of the unit cell can be maintained. The difference can be kept as small as possible. It has a feature that the temperature of the battery can be heated by a heat source provided outside the battery.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施例を示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来例の構造を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a structure of a conventional example.
【図３】本発明の第２の実施例を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第３の実施例を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
１…単電池、２…ウイック、３…作動流体、４…断熱容
器、５…冷却フィン、６…ガス溜め、７…不活性ガス、
８…空間、９…ヒートパイプ、１０…除熱部、１１…冷
却部、１２…液溜め、１３…ヒータ。DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Single cell, 2 ... Wick, 3 ... Working fluid, 4 ... Heat insulation container, 5 ... Cooling fin, 6 ... Gas reservoir, 7 ... Inert gas,
8 ... Space, 9 ... Heat pipe, 10 ... Heat removal part, 11 ... Cooling part, 12 ... Liquid reservoir, 13 ... Heater.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 綿引 直久 茨城県日立市大みか町七丁目２番１号 株式会社 日立製作所 電力・電機開発 本部内 (72)発明者 高橋 和雄 茨城県日立市大みか町七丁目２番１号 株式会社 日立製作所 電力・電機開発 本部内 (56)参考文献 特開 平９−167631（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−326266（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−120835（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−298070（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−138761（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H01M 10/39 H01M 10/50 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Naohisa Watabiki 7-2-1, Omika-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi, Ltd. Electric Power & Electric Development Division (72) Inventor Kazuo Takahashi Seven-mika-cho, Oita, Ibaraki 2-2-1 Hitachi, Ltd., Electric Power & Electric Machinery Development Division (56) Reference JP-A-9-167631 (JP, A) JP-A-9-326266 (JP, A) JP-A-9-120835 (JP , A) JP-A-9-298070 (JP, A) JP-A-8-138761 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) H01M 10/39 H01M 10/50
Claims (5)
し、該単電池を断熱容器に収納するナトリウム硫黄電池
モジュールにおいて、前記断熱容器内に作動流体を直接
充填すると共に、前記単電池の周囲に毛細管力を有する
物質を設け、かつ、この毛細管力を有する物質に前記作
動流体を含浸させ、前記単電池の温度上昇に伴い蒸発す
る前記作動流体を凝縮させる凝縮手段を備え、前記凝縮
手段で凝縮された作動流体は、重力落下して単電池表面
の毛細管力を有する物質及び断熱容器の底部に還流する
ことを特徴とするナトリウム硫黄電池モジュール。1. A sodium-sulfur battery module in which a plurality of cells are connected in series or in parallel, and the cells are housed in a heat-insulating container, wherein the heat-insulating container is directly filled with a working fluid, and A substance having a capillary force is provided around the unit cell, and the substance having the capillary force is impregnated with the working fluid, and a condensing means for condensing the working fluid that evaporates with a temperature rise of the unit cell is provided . The condensation
The working fluid condensed by the means falls by gravity and the cell surface
A material having a capillary force and refluxing to the bottom of a heat-insulated container .
し、該単電池を断熱容器に収納するナトリウム硫黄電池
モジュールにおいて、前記断熱容器内に作動流体を直接
充填すると共に、前記単電池の周囲に毛細管力を有する
物質を設け、かつ、この毛細管力を有する物質に前記作
動流体を含浸させ、前記単電池の温度上昇に伴い蒸発す
る前記作動流体を凝縮させる凝縮手段と、該凝縮手段に
向かう蒸気流より下流側に非凝縮性ガスを貯蔵するガス
溜めとを備え、前記凝縮手段で凝縮された作動流体は、
重力落下して単電池表面の毛細管力を有する物質及び断
熱容器の底部に還流することを特徴とするナトリウム硫
黄電池モジュール。2. A sodium-sulfur battery module in which a plurality of unit cells are connected in series or in parallel and the unit cells are housed in a heat insulating container, the working container is directly filled with a working fluid, and A substance having a capillary force is provided around the unit cell, and the substance having the capillary force is impregnated with the working fluid to condense the working fluid that evaporates as the temperature of the unit cell rises. A gas reservoir for storing a non-condensable gas on the downstream side of the vapor flow toward the condensing means, and the working fluid condensed by the condensing means is
A substance that has a capillary force on the surface of the cell due to gravity and has
A sodium-sulfur battery module characterized by refluxing to the bottom of a heat container .
リウム硫黄電池モジュールにおいて、前記作動流体を凝
縮させる凝縮手段は、蒸発した蒸気を冷却ファンを持っ
た冷却配管に導き凝縮させるものであることを特徴とす
るナトリウム硫黄電池モジュール。3. The sodium-sulfur battery module according to claim 1, wherein the condensing means for condensing the working fluid guides the evaporated vapor to a cooling pipe having a cooling fan to condense it. A sodium-sulfur battery module characterized by the above.
し、該単電池を断熱容器に収納するナトリウム硫黄電池
モジュールにおいて、前記断熱容器内に作動流体を直接
充填すると共に、前記単電池の周囲に毛細管力を有する
物質を設け、かつ、この毛細管力を有する物質に前記作
動流体を含浸させ、前記単電池の温度上昇に伴い蒸発す
る前記作動流体を凝縮させる凝縮手段と、前記作動流体
を断熱容器外部から加熱して電池温度を上昇させる加熱
手段とを備え、前記凝縮手段で凝縮された作動流体は、
重力落下して単電池表面の毛細管力を有する物質及び断
熱容器の底部に還流することを特徴とするナトリウム硫
黄電池モジュール。4. A sodium-sulfur battery module in which a plurality of cells are connected in series or in parallel and the cells are housed in a heat-insulating container, the working fluid is directly filled in the heat-insulating container, and the periphery of the cell is surrounded. A substance having a capillary force is provided in the device, and the substance having a capillary force is impregnated with the working fluid to condense the working fluid that evaporates as the temperature of the unit cell rises; and the working fluid is insulated. A heating means for heating the battery temperature from the outside of the container to raise the battery temperature, and the working fluid condensed by the condensing means is
A sodium-sulfur battery module characterized in that it falls by gravity and flows back to the substance having a capillary force on the surface of the unit cell and to the bottom of the heat insulating container.
し、該単電池を断熱容器に収納するナトリウム硫黄電池
モジュールにおいて、前記断熱容器内に作動流体を直接
充填すると共に、前記単電池の周囲に毛細管力を有する
物質を設け、かつ、この毛細管力を有する物質に前記作
動流体を含浸させ、前記単電池の温度上昇に伴い蒸発す
る前記作動流体を凝縮させる凝縮手段と、該凝縮手段に
向かう蒸気流より下流側に非凝縮性ガスを貯蔵するガス
溜めと、前記作動流体を断熱容器外部から加熱して電池
温度を上昇させる加熱手段とを備え、前記凝縮手段で凝
縮された作動流体は、重力落下して単電池表面の毛細管
力を有する物質及び断熱容器の底部に還流することを特
徴とするナトリウム硫黄電池モジュール。5. A sodium-sulfur battery module in which a plurality of cells are connected in series or in parallel and the cells are housed in a heat-insulating container, the working fluid is directly filled in the heat-insulating container, and the periphery of the cell is surrounded. A substance having a capillary force is provided in the device, and the substance having the capillary force is impregnated with the working fluid to condense the working fluid that evaporates as the temperature of the unit cell rises. A gas reservoir for storing a non-condensable gas on the downstream side of the vapor flow, and a heating means for heating the working fluid from the outside of the heat insulating container to raise the battery temperature, the working fluid condensed by the condensing means is A sodium-sulfur battery module characterized in that it falls by gravity and flows back to the substance having a capillary force on the surface of the unit cell and to the bottom of the heat insulating container.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03700398A JP3493995B2 (en) | 1998-02-19 | 1998-02-19 | Sodium sulfur battery module |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03700398A JP3493995B2 (en) | 1998-02-19 | 1998-02-19 | Sodium sulfur battery module |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11233136A JPH11233136A (en) | 1999-08-27 |
| JP3493995B2 true JP3493995B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 |
Family
ID=12485541
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03700398A Expired - Fee Related JP3493995B2 (en) | 1998-02-19 | 1998-02-19 | Sodium sulfur battery module |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3493995B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10218043B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2019-02-26 | Faraday & Future Inc. | Dual phase battery cooling system |
| WO2018187330A1 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2018-10-11 | Yotta Solar, Inc. | Thermally regulated modular energy storage device and methods |
| CN109860948A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-07 | 重庆交通大学 | Battery solenoid heat management device |
| CN109888431A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-14 | 重庆交通大学 | Battery Thermal Management System |
| CN113140828A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Heat exchange structure for accelerating phase change circulation flow |
| CN113241485B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-05-06 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | A battery pack with increased phase change heat |
| CN120657317B (en) * | 2025-08-11 | 2025-10-14 | 能建时代(上海)新型储能技术研究院有限公司 | Hybrid closed reversible heat exchange component and energy storage cabinet |
-
1998
- 1998-02-19 JP JP03700398A patent/JP3493995B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11233136A (en) | 1999-08-27 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |