JP3498685B2 - Transmission mechanism of traveling equipment in combine - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission mechanism of a traveling device in a combine. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-103472, a drive mechanism of an axle is constituted by a side clutch type, and a differential mechanism is provided outside a transmission case. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a technique in which the rotation of a case of a differential mechanism is adjusted by a belt transmission so that an axle on a side where a side clutch is disengaged can be driven by a variable speed and turned. [0003] However, in the technique described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-103472 ,
The gear ratio of the belt transmission must be changed in accordance with the operation amount of the steering operation tool. However, unless the belt transmission is being driven to rotate in the running state, the belt transmission comprising the split pulley is used. it is impossible to shift operation of the shift operation of the belt transmission is not smoothly carried out in the fine <br/> speed running state, there is a drawback that can not be performed handed times to accurately. [0004] In addition, a change in the operation amount of the steering operation tool causes a continuous transition to a sharp turning state, so that a safety problem remains. The present invention employs the following technical means to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, a small gear 27 and a large gear 28 integrally formed on a subtransmission shaft 26 driven by the traveling hydraulic transmission 16.
Is mounted so as to be slidable only, and a subtransmission mechanism S is configured to select one meshing of the small gear 27 and the transmission driving gear 25 or the large gear 28 and the transmission gear 24, and the driving after the subtransmission is performed. The gear 29 meshes with a passive gear 30 fixed to a side clutch shaft 31, and between the passive gear 30 and the side clutch gears 32 and 32 ′, left and right side clutches 33,
33 'is formed, and the axles 37, 3 are connected to the side clutch gears 32, 32' via gears 38, 38 'which are always engaged.
7 ′ is driven, left and right output shafts 45 and 45 ′ divided into right and left are mounted around the side clutch shaft 31, respectively, and a left gear 46 is fixed to the left output shaft 45, A right gear 46 'is fixed to the output shaft 45', and left and right output shafts 45, 4 are provided between the left gear 46 and the right gear 46 '.
5 'A differential mechanism 50 for changing the mutual rotation speed is provided, and a case 51 of the differential mechanism 50 is rotatably provided in the transmission case 1; The left and right bevel gears 52 and 52 'are provided so as to face the ends of the left and right output shafts 45 and 45' with the ends of the output shafts 45 and 45 'facing each other. Engages intermediate bevel gears 54 and 54 ′ provided on shafts 53 and 53 ′ on the case 51 side of the differential mechanism 50, and
A passive gear 55 provided on the outer periphery of the case 51, the passive gear 55 meshing the fixed drive transmission gear 57 to the control shaft 56, the braking mechanism 73 of the disk type at one end of the control shaft 56
And the case 51 of the differential mechanism 50 is
A clutch type that rotates with respect to the right output shaft 45, 45 '
Of the braking mechanism 73 and the rotating machine
A main shift lever 66 for shifting the drive hydraulic transmission 16 by operating the structure 77 so that the axle 37 on the disengaged side of the side clutch 33 can be driven to shift and turn.
A differential switch 68 is provided on the vehicle and the differential switch 68 is operated to drive the axle 37 on the outer side of rotation to rotate faster than the axle 37 'on the inner side of the rotation so that the vehicle can turn. It is a transmission mechanism of the device. According to the present invention, one end of the control shaft 56
The disk type braking mechanism 73 and the differential mechanism 50 are provided.
The case 51 is rotated with respect to the left and right output shafts 45 and 45 '.
The side clutch is activated by the operation of the clutch-type rotation mechanism 77.
The axle 37 on the cut side of the latch 33 is driven at a variable speed to properly rotate.
It is possible to times. Further, Misao vertical person main shift lever -66 can operate the differential switch 68 gripped manually, run while adjusting the line speed, the differential switch if necessary to perform sharp turns occurs 68 , The axle 37 on the outside of turning is driven to rotate faster than the axle 37 ′ on the inside of turning.
A sharp turn can be performed, and a careless sharp turn can be prevented, and a safe and agile turn can be performed. Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, referring to FIG. 1 to FIG.
Is a transmission case of a traveling device of a working machine such as a combine machine, in which an input shaft 2 is horizontally provided at an upper position, and an input pulley 3 to which rotation from an engine is transmitted is provided on the input shaft 2, and an input in the transmission case 1 is provided. A large gear 4 and a small gear 5 are loosely fitted to the shaft 2, and a speed increasing clutch 6 is provided between the large gear 4 and the small gear 5 and the input shaft 2. The speed-increasing clutch 6 has a rotary drum 8 fixed to the input shaft 2, and a partition member 9 which rotates integrally with the rotary drum 8 is provided at a central portion in the rotary drum 8, and a cylinder chamber 10 is provided on both left and right sides of the partition member 9. 11 are formed respectively, and pistons 12, 1 are provided in the cylinder chambers 10, 11, respectively.
3, the clutch disk provided on the inner periphery of the rotary drum 8 and the clutch disks provided on the side of the large gear 4 and the small gear 5 are brought into contact with and separated from each other. 14 is the piston 1
It is a connecting rod that connects the piston 2 and the piston 13. Thus, a traveling hydraulic continuously variable transmission (hydrostatic transmission (hydraulic transmission for traveling)) 16 constituting the main transmission is provided on the side of the transmission case 1. The hydraulic continuously variable transmission 16 has a transmission shaft 15 serving as an input shaft of the HST pump 17 mounted on the transmission case 1, and an input gear 18 which is always meshed with the large gear 4 is fixed to the transmission shaft 15. 19 is the HST of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 16
The motor is connected to the HST pump 17 by an oil passage 20. The hydraulic continuously variable transmission 16 operates the HST pump 17 by the rotation of the transmission shaft 15, and the HST pump 1
7 continuously increases or decreases the oil supply amount while the HST motor 19
To transmit the rotation. 23 is the HST motor 1
9, a main speed on / off clutch provided between the power transmission shaft 9 and the output transmission shaft 22;
Reference numeral 24 denotes a transmission gear that always meshes with the small gear 5 provided on the output transmission shaft 22, and 25 denotes a transmission drive gear. Reference numeral 26 denotes an auxiliary transmission shaft. A small gear 27 and a large gear 28 integrally formed are mounted on the auxiliary transmission shaft 26 so as to be slidable only, and the small gear 27 and the transmission drive gear 25 or the large gear 28 One meshing with the transmission gear 24 is selected (this is the auxiliary transmission mechanism S). Reference numeral 29 denotes a driving gear fixed to the auxiliary transmission shaft 26, and reference numeral 30 denotes a passive gear fixed to the side clutch shaft 31, which is always meshed with the driving gear 29. Left and right internal teeth (not shown) are formed on both left and right sides of the passive gear 30, and side clutch gears 3 are formed on the side clutch shaft 31 with pawls (not shown) that can be freely connected to and detached from the left and right internal teeth.
2 and 32 'are slidably mounted, and left and right side clutches 33 and 33' are formed by left and right internal teeth of the passive gear 30 and claw portions of the side clutch gears 32 and 32 '. 34, 3
4 'is a shifter, 35, 35' are cylinders, 36, 3
6 'is a solenoid of cylinder 35, 35', 37, 3
7 'is an axle, 38 and 38' are side clutch gears 32,
The gear is always meshed with 32 '. In the vicinity of the side clutch shaft 31, left and right output shafts 45 and 45 ', which are divided into left and right, are mounted, respectively. A left gear 46 is fixed to the left output shaft 45, and a left gear 46 is fixed to the right output shaft 45'. The right gear 46 'is fixed, the left gear 46 always meshes with the gear 48 rotating integrally with the side clutch gear 32, and the right gear 46' meshes constantly with the gear 48 'rotating integrally with the side clutch gear 32'. . The output shafts 45, 45 'between the left gear 46 and the right gear 46' are provided with a differential mechanism 50 for changing the rotational speed of the output shafts 45, 45 '. Differential mechanism 50
Is provided with a case 51 rotatably in the transmission case 1, with the ends of the output shafts 45, 45 'facing the inside of the case 51, and the left and right bevel gears 5 on the ends of the output shafts 45, 45'.
2, 52 'are provided so as to face each other, and the left and right bevel gears 52,
Shafts 53 and 53 'fixed to the case 51 are respectively provided at 52'.
The intermediate bevel gears 54 and 54 'rotatably mounted on the case 51 are meshed with each other. A passive gear 55 is provided on the outer periphery of the case 51, and a drive transmission gear 57 fixed to a control shaft 56 is always meshed with the passive gear 55. Make up. The differential mechanism 50 is configured such that when the left output shaft 45 is X, the right output shaft 45 'is Y, and the case 51 is Z, 2Z = X + Y. That is, when the case 51 stops with respect to the left output shaft 45 and the right output shaft 45 ′, Z becomes 0 and 0 = X + Y, and therefore,
X = −Y, X and Y are reversed, and the rotation of Y is Y = 2Z−X.
Is 150, Y is 200, and Y is rotated twice as fast as X (the relationship between X and Y can be reversed). Therefore,
A turn (for power steering) operated by tilting operation of a power steering lever (steering operation tool) 60 on the side of the transmission case 1
A hydraulic transmission 61 is provided, and the control shaft 56 is rotated and stopped by the power steering hydraulic transmission 61. The hydraulic stepless transmission 61 for turning is HST
The output transmission shaft 22 is an input shaft of the HST pump 62, the control shaft 56 is an output shaft from the HST motor 63, and the output transmission shaft 22 is formed of an HST motor 63. Power steering clutches 64 and 65 are provided between the control shaft 56 and the HST motor 63, respectively. Therefore, the differential mechanism 5
0 is the case 5 by the hydraulic stepless transmission 61 for turning.
1 is stopped, so-called left and right axles 37, 37 '.
Can be performed in a spin turn to reverse the
Is rotated by the turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission 61 to perform a double-speed turn by driving and rotating the axle on the outer side of the turn faster than the axle on the inner side of the turn. FIG. 5 shows a hydraulic circuit. A differential switch 68 for operating the differential mechanism 50 is provided on a main transmission lever 66 for operating the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 16. The solenoids 36, 36 '
Is reversed (FIG. 6). In other words, the right side clutch 33 'is normally disengaged by the solenoid 36' during a right turn, but the left side clutch 33 is disengaged by the solenoid 36 and the right axle 37 'on the inside of the turn is rotated at a constant speed in a double speed turn. Then, the left axle 37 on the outer side of the turn is driven and rotated faster than the right axle 37 'on the inner side of the turn, so that the operations of the solenoids 36 and 36' are reversed. Also, 70
Is a lock-up switch. When the lock-up switch 70 is operated, the main transmission on / off clutch 23 is disengaged,
Increase the rotation of the input shaft 2 by increasing the speed of the clutch 6 → small gear 5 → transmission gear 24 → output transmission shaft 22 → transmission drive gear 25 → small gear 27
→ the sub-transmission shaft 26 → the drive gear 29 and the rotation is transmitted directly without passing through the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 16. FIG. 7 shows an embodiment relating to an operation mechanism of the power steering lever 60, in which the power steering lever 60 and the turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission 61 are connected, and as shown in FIG. The left and right side clutches 33, 3
Turning 3 'off, turning forward from this state causes double-speed turning, and turning backward causes a spin turn (the combination of tilting direction and turning direction is arbitrary). Reference numeral 72 denotes left and right crawlers of the traveling device. Also, the hydraulic stepless transmission 61 for turning is operated by operating the differential switch 68 and turning on / off the side clutches 33 and 33 'so as to operate when operated to perform a double speed turn. When configured, the hydraulic stepless transmission 61 for turning
To avoid the loss of horsepower for operating. FIG. 10 shows a case 51 of the differential mechanism 50.
And a rotation mechanism 77 for rotating the case 51 with respect to the left and right output shafts 45 and 45 ′. A brake case 74 is provided at one end of the control shaft 56. And a disc which comes and goes respectively to the control shaft 56 and the brake mechanism 73.
The drive transmission gear 57 is always meshed with a transmission gear 76 provided via a double speed turn clutch 75 provided on the auxiliary transmission shaft 26, so that the drive gear 29 of the auxiliary transmission shaft 26 and the passive gear The rotational mechanism 77 is formed such that the differential mechanism 50 rotates faster due to the engagement of the transmission gear 76, the drive transmission gear 57, and the passive gear 55 with respect to the rotation speed of the side clutch shaft 31 transmitted by the transmission mechanism 30. I do. Therefore, when the rotation of the case 51 is stopped by the brake mechanism 73, the differential mechanism 50
When the case 51 is rotated by a predetermined rotation by the rotating mechanism 77, a double-speed turn can be performed by driving the axle 37 ', which is on the outer side of the turn, faster than the axle 37 on the inner side of the turn. FIG. 11 shows a hydraulic circuit diagram. Reference numeral 78 denotes an emergency stop switch provided on the main shift lever 66, which disengages the left and right side clutches 33, 33 'to operate the brake case 74. When the lock-up switch 70 is operated, the lock-up switch 70 not only locks up, but also sets a traveling speed. When the traveling speed is lower than the set traveling speed, the throttle is automatically opened and the set traveling speed is set. In the automatic running speed control, when the maximum output state of the engine or the set running speed continues for a set time, the vehicle may be automatically locked up at the vehicle speed at that time. 7
9 is a throttle sensor, 80 is an engine speed detection sensor, and 81 is a speed sensor (FIG. 12). In FIG. 11, reference numeral 82 denotes a hydraulic pressure adjusting valve for setting an initial hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic circuit.
If the initial hydraulic pressure is set higher according to 2, the operation of each cylinder and the like can be accelerated. And although illustration is omitted, the traveling device is provided with a rolling mechanism that makes the aircraft horizontal with respect to the inclination of the field, and a left and right horizontal sensor 83 that detects the hydraulic pressure of a rolling cylinder that operates the mechanism is provided. If the weight is heavy, the pressure is increased by the hydraulic adjustment valve 82, and if the weight is light, the pressure is decreased. Reference numeral 84 denotes a grain stalk sensor which detects the presence or absence of work of the mowing unit, and reduces the oil pressure to zero by the hydraulic pressure adjusting valve 82 during the work to prevent a spin turn. Reference numeral 85 denotes an inclination sensor which does not perform a spin turn when the body is inclined by a predetermined angle or more. Reference numeral 86 denotes an airframe sinking sensor. When the airplane sinks, the turning torque increases, and the pressure is increased by the hydraulic adjustment valve 82. Reference numeral 87 denotes a front / rear balance sensor which increases the pressure when the front side is heavy because it is not easy to turn, and lowers the pressure when the rear side is heavy. Reference numeral 88 denotes a left / right balance sensor for increasing the pressure of the hydraulic adjustment valve 82 when the heavier one of the left and right sides of the fuselage is on the outer side during turning. Next, the operation will be described. The rotation from the engine is transmitted to the input pulley 3, and the rotation of the input shaft 2 rotated by the input pulley 3 is transmitted to the large gear 4 via the speed increasing clutch 6.
The gear 4 is transmitted to the input gear 1 which is always meshed.
8, the input gear 18 rotates the transmission shaft 15,
The transmission shaft 15 is an HST pump 1 of a hydraulic stepless transmission 16.
7, the oil is transmitted to the HST motor 19 to transmit the rotation, and the rotation of the HST motor 19
3 → output transmission shaft 22 → transmission drive gear 25 → small gear 27 →
The power is transmitted to the side clutch shaft 31 via the auxiliary transmission shaft 26 → the drive gear 29 → the passive gear 30. In normal running, the left and right side clutches 33, 33 'are engaged, and the rotation of the side clutch shaft 31 is transmitted to the side clutch gears 32, 32', and the side clutch gears 32, 32 'are always meshed with the gear 38, The gear 38 'is rotated, and the gears 38, 38' transmit the rotation to the axles 37, 37 'to drive the traveling device to travel. Then, the left and right side clutches 33, 3
When one of the 3's is turned off, the turning is made with the turned off side as the turning inside. The left and right side clutches 33, 3
For example, when the right side clutch 33 'is disengaged, the side clutch gear 32' is in a free state,
Right output shaft 4 provided with right gear 46 'meshing with gear 48'
5 ′ is also free with respect to the case 51 of the differential mechanism 50. When the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 61 for turning is operated for double-speed turning, the power steering clutch 64 and the power steering clutch 65 are turned on correspondingly, and the control shaft 56 is turned on.
Is transmitted to the case 51 of the differential mechanism 50 via the drive transmission gear 57 and the passive gear 55 to be rotated. The differential mechanism 50 is configured such that the left output shaft 45 is X, and the right output shaft 45 ′
Is Y and the case 51 is Z, 2Z = X + Y
For example, if X is 100 and Z is 150, Y is 200, and Y is rotated twice as fast as X. As described above, the hydraulic stepless transmission 61 for turning is operated by the tilting operation of the power steering lever 60.
By changing the rotation of the case 51 in a stepless manner through
A double-speed turn can be performed by driving and rotating the axle on the outside of the turn faster than the axle on the inside of the turn. That is, when the vehicle is turning left, the right crawler is on the outside of the turn, so the corresponding right side clutch 33 'is disengaged, and the side clutch gear 32', the gear 48 ', the right gear 46', and the right output shaft 45 '.
Are made free with respect to the case 51, the case 5
By the rotation of 1, the right output shaft 45 ′ (Y side) becomes the left output shaft 45.
It can rotate faster than (X side) and perform double speed turn. When the case 51 is stopped with respect to the left output shaft 45 and the right output shaft 45 'by the turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission 61, Z becomes 0 and 0 = X + Y. −Y, and X and Y are reversed. Therefore, when one of the left and right side clutches 33 and 33 ′, for example, the right side clutch 33 ′ is disengaged, the corresponding right output shaft 45 ′ moves relative to the case 51. The rotation of the left output shaft 45 is reversed and transmitted to the right output shaft 45 'by the differential mechanism 50 in the reverse direction, and the rotation of the right output shaft 45' is transmitted to the right gear 46 ', the gear 48' and the side clutch. Gear 3
2 'and the gear 38', so that the left axle 37 and the right axle 37 'are rotated in opposite directions to each other, thereby performing a so-called spin turn. Since the turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission 61 can operate the rotation stop and the speed change of the control shaft 56 by the power steering lever 60, as described above, the left and right turning, the double speed turn, and the spin turn are performed by one. Can be performed by the power steering lever 60. When one of the left and right side clutches 33, 33 'is disengaged during normal running, the vehicle turns by the driving force on the other Y side. At this time, the rotation of the crawler on the X side returns to the opposite direction. 2Z = X + Y is set to Z ≠ 0 by the rotation of the constant speed drive Y and the rotation of the contact resistance X, thereby acting to rotate the case 51 of the differential mechanism 50.
At this time, if the HST motor 63 is turned off, the case 51 rotates freely. In this case, if Z = Y / 2,
Since X = 0, the left clutch 33 is disengaged in this way, and the case 51 is moved to Y by the hydraulically-operated continuously variable transmission 61 for turning.
, The vehicle turns while the X side is completely stopped. Further, the turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission 61 is provided.
Is activated when one of the left and right side clutches 33, 33 'is turned on and off, thereby preventing output loss of the engine and improving durability. Thus, in the configuration of FIG. 10, instead of the hydraulic stepless transmission 61 for turning, a transmission gear 76 provided on the auxiliary transmission shaft 26 and a drive transmission gear 57 meshing with the transmission gear 76 are provided. The case 51 rotates faster than the left and right output shafts 45 and 45 ′ corresponding to X and Y by the speed increase ratio of the passive gear 55 meshing with the drive transmission gear 57, and can perform a double speed turn. In addition, the rotation of the control shaft 56 is stopped by the brake mechanism 73, so that the rotation of the case 51 is stopped, and the left output shaft 45 and the right output shaft 45 'are rotated in reverse to perform a spin turn. As described above, not only can the left and right axles 37 and 37 'be rotated in reverse by the differential mechanism 50, but also the double speed can be achieved by driving and rotating the axle outside the turn faster than the axle inside the turn. You can make turns.

[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a mission case in an unfolded state. FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a speed increasing clutch. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an operation mechanism. FIG. 5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram. FIG. 7 is a perspective view. FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a power telescope. FIG. 9 is an operation state diagram. FIG. 10 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a deployed state of the mission case. FIG. 11 is a hydraulic circuit diagram. FIG. 12 is a block diagram. [Explanation of symbols] 1 Mission case 16 Hydraulic transmission for traveling 24 Transmission gear 25 Transmission drive gear 26 Sub transmission shaft 27 small gear 28 large gear S auxiliary transmission mechanism 29 Drive gear 30 passive gear 31 Side clutch shaft 32 Side clutch gear 32 'side clutch gear 33 Side clutch 33 'side clutch 37 axles 37 'axle 38 gears 38 'gear 45 Left output shaft 45 'right output shaft 46 Left gear 46 'right gear 50 Differential mechanism 51 cases 52 bevel gear 52 'bevel gear 53 axes 53 'axis 54 Intermediate bevel gear 54 'intermediate bevel gear 55 passive gear 56 control axes 57 Drive transmission gear 66 Main gear lever 68 differential switch 73 Braking mechanism (brake mechanism)

Claims (1)

(57) Claims 1. An integrally formed small gear 27 and large gear 28 are attached to an auxiliary transmission shaft 26 driven by the traveling hydraulic transmission 16 so as to be slidable only. The sub-transmission mechanism S is configured to select one of the meshing of the small gear 27 and the transmission drive gear 25 or the one of the large gear 28 and the transmission gear 24. The left and right side clutches 3 are engaged with the fixed passive gear 30 and between the passive gear 30 and the side clutch gears 32 and 32 '.
3, 33 ', and the side clutch gears 32, 3' are formed.
Axle 3 via gears 38, 38 'always meshing with 2'
7 and 37 'are driven, and the left and right output shafts 45, 4
The left output shaft 45 is provided with a left gear 46.
And a right gear 46 'is fixed to the right output shaft 45',
Left and right output shafts 4 between the left gear 46 and the right gear 46 '.
5, 45 'A differential mechanism 50 for changing the mutual rotation speed is provided, and a case 51 of the differential mechanism 50 is mounted on the transmission case 1
The left and right output shafts 45, 45 ′ face the front ends of the left and right output shafts 45, 45 ′ in the case 51 of the differential mechanism 50. 5
2 ′ are provided so as to face each other, and the left and right bevel gears 52, 5
2 ′ includes shafts 53 and 53 ′ on the case 51 side of the differential mechanism 50.
, A passive gear 55 is provided on the outer periphery of the case 51 of the differential mechanism 50, and the passive gear 55 is meshed with a drive transmission gear 57 fixed to the control shaft 56, A disk type brake is provided at one end of the control shaft 56.
A structure 73 is provided, and the case 51 of the differential mechanism 50 is removed.
A club rotating with respect to the left and right output shafts 45, 45 '.
The rotary mechanism 77 is provided with a
A configuration is made in which the axle 37 on the disengagement side of the side clutch 33 can be driven to change speed and turned by the operation of the rotation mechanism 77 ,
A differential switch 68 is provided on a main shift lever 66 for shifting the running hydraulic transmission 16.
Of the turning outside axle 37 by the operation of
A transmission mechanism for a traveling device in a combine, wherein the transmission device is configured to be able to rotate and drive faster than 7 'to make a turn.