JP3499098B2 - Solid fuel molding equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing solid fuel from municipal solid waste, and more particularly to a solid fuel molding apparatus for molding crushed / sorted / dried municipal solid waste. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the increase in the amount of municipal waste in recent years, not only incineration but also reuse as solid fuel has been adopted as a method for treating municipal waste. The method of converting this municipal waste into solid fuel is to crush and
After selecting and drying, it is common to perform extrusion molding at high pressure with a molding machine.

Conventionally, a solid fuel molding machine 100 as shown in FIG. 3 is used for molding a solid fuel. This solid fuel molding machine 100 has a screw blade 101.
It comprises a high-pressure container 103 containing a rotary shaft 102. A charging port 104 for charging dried municipal waste is provided at an upper part of one side of the high pressure container 103, and a molding hole 105 is provided at a tip of the high pressure container 103.
Is provided. The rotary shaft 102 has an input port 104.
To the forming hole 105, the diameter is gradually increased. When the dry dust is charged into the high-pressure container through the charging port 104, the dry dust is fed to the screw blade 10
While being conveyed to the molding hole 105 by 1, the compressed material is extruded from the molding hole 105 and molded. Further, as another conventional example, a solid fuel molding machine 10 as shown in FIG. 4 is used.
6 is also known. This solid fuel molding machine 106 has a die plate 1 having a molding hole 107 for molding dry dust.
08, and a roller 109 for pushing the city dust out of the forming hole 107 on the die plate 108.
In such a solid fuel molding machine 106, the dry dust is extruded from the molding hole 107 and molded by being applied with a high pressure by the rotation of the roller 109.

By the way, since dried dust is fragile due to drying, it is very fragile only by applying pressure and it is difficult to maintain its shape. Therefore, an adhesive such as slaked lime or sugar-tightness is added as a binder in an amount of about 5% of dry dust to maintain the shape.

[0005]

However, a part of the slaked lime used as the binder is useful as a neutralizing agent for hydrogen chloride gas generated when a solid fuel is used, but the remaining slaked lime and sugar are used. There is a problem that the denseness is only ash together with the solid fuel and wastes an important resource for producing the solid fuel from the municipal waste which is a waste. There is also a problem that the amount of ash generated when using the solid fuel is increased by using the additive as the binder.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and solid fuel molding capable of molding a solid fuel which is hardly disintegrated from city refuse without adding an additive as a binder. The purpose is to provide a device.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems and Actions / Effects In order to achieve the above object, the solid fuel molding apparatus according to the present invention is
A solid fuel molding apparatus for molding solid fuel by extruding city dust that has already been crushed, sorted, and dried from the die plate at the tip of the molding chamber, with an intermediate die plate for dividing the molding chamber. A heating means is attached to the intermediate die plate.

In the present invention, the molding chamber is divided by the intermediate die plate, so that the dry dust in the front molding chamber (front chamber) of the intermediate die plate is once pressed by the intermediate die plate and extruded. . The dried dust once molded is sent to the rear molding chamber (rear chamber) of the intermediate die plate, where it is stirred again. In this way, once the molded product is stirred again, the mixing becomes very good, and the plastic contained in the dry dust can be uniformly dispersed. Further, the intermediate die plate is provided with a heating means, and the heating means can melt the plastic in the dry dust. In this way, by solidifying the molten plastic that is uniformly dispersed in the dry dust, the solid fuel can be manufactured using the plastic in the dry dust as a binder.
Therefore, the solid fuel can be molded without wasting effective resources, and thus the amount of ash generated when the solid fuel is used is not increased. Further, by dividing the molding chamber by using the intermediate die plate, the molding chamber functions not only as a molding machine but also as a mixer, so that it is possible to uniformly mix and mold a plurality of inputs.

In the present invention, the area of the forming hole of the intermediate die plate is 1.3 to 1.8 of the area of the forming hole of the tip die plate.
It is preferably doubled. By making a difference in the size of the molding holes provided in the intermediate die plate and the tip die plate in this way, the dry dust formed by the intermediate die plate is refilled by the tip die plate while being filled in the rear chamber. You will be under pressure. Therefore, dry dust in the back room is heated,
Since the pressurization time becomes long and uniform mixing and heating are performed, when extrusion molding is performed by the tip die plate, it is possible to mold a solid fuel with very little disintegration. Also,
If the area of the molding hole of the tip die plate is small, there is a high possibility of being blocked by foreign matter contained in the dry dust, and if it is large, it is difficult to maintain the shape of the molded product. Therefore, the area of the forming hole of the tip die plate is preferably such that the speed of the solid fuel to be formed passing through the forming hole is about 1 to 3 cm / s.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, specific embodiments of a solid fuel molding apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 (a) is a front view of a solid fuel molding apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A side view of the solid fuel molding apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is shown in (b). FIG. 2 shows a solid fuel molding apparatus 1 of this embodiment.
A partially enlarged view of is shown.

The solid fuel molding apparatus 1 of this embodiment is provided with a molding chamber 3 in which dried dust 2 to be molded is pressed while being stirred, and a twin screw 4 in the molding chamber 3. A charging port 5 for charging the dry dust 2 is provided at an upper part of one side of the molding chamber 3, and five molding holes 6 are provided at the tip of the molding chamber 3.
Is provided with a tip die plate 7. An intermediate die plate 8 is provided so as to divide the forming chamber 3 into two parts, and the forming chamber 3 is divided into a front chamber 9 on the intermediate die plate 8 side and a rear chamber 10 on the tip die plate side. The intermediate die plate 8 is provided with five intermediate forming holes 11. Electric heaters 12 and 13 are embedded in the intermediate die plate 8 and the tip die plate 7, respectively, and an electric heater 14 is also provided on the outer periphery of the rear chamber 10.

With this structure, the dry dust 2
When is charged into the front chamber 9 through the charging port 5, the dry dust 2 is generated by the action of the biaxial continuous screw 4 whose shaft diameter gradually increases from the charging port 5 to the intermediate die plate 8.
Is stirred and pressurized, and is ground by the intermediate die plate 8. In this way, the dried dust 3 crushed is extruded while being heated into the rear chamber 10 from the intermediate forming hole 11 provided in the intermediate die plate 8. Once dried, the dried dust 3 is agitated again in the rear chamber 10 and heated by the electric heaters 12, 13, 14 provided on the outer circumferences of the intermediate die plate 8, the tip die plate 7 and the rear chamber 10, respectively, and dried. The plastic in the waste is melted. The dry dust 3 containing the molten plastic is extruded from the forming hole 6 of the tip die plate 7 to form a solid fuel.

As described above, the dry dust 3 in the front chamber 9 of the molding chamber 3 is mixed well by stirring again what has been once molded by the intermediate die plate 8, and the plastic in the dry dust is dispersed. . The dispersed plastic melts in the rear chamber 10 and is solidified again when it is extruded from the molding hole 6 of the tip die plate 7 to be solidified, and thus serves as a binder. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a solid fuel that does not easily collapse without adding a binder.

The diameter of the solid fuel molded in this way is
It depends on the area of the forming hole 6 of the tip die plate 7. In the solid fuel molding apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the diameter of the solid fuel is 10
Although the size of about 0 mm can be molded, the area of the molding hole 6 is 1 to 3 cm for the speed of the solid fuel passing through the die plate 7.
The size is preferably about / s. Therefore,
The molded solid fuel can maintain its shape, and can prevent the molding hole from being blocked by foreign matter.

In this embodiment, the electric heater 12,
It is preferable that the temperature of each of 13 and 14 be controlled to 250 ° C. or less. For example, if the temperature is increased to 300 ° C. or higher, foreign matter having a low ignition temperature such as paper and cotton in dry dust may be ignited. Further, the capacity of the heater is 30 to 60 k per 1 ton / h of processing amount of dust, although frictional heat is applied.
w is required.

In this embodiment, since the dry dust in the rear chamber 10 requires a residence time for mixing, pressurizing and heating, the volume of the rear chamber 10 is 1 ton / waste.
It is preferably 30 to 90 liters per hour.

In the present embodiment, when the amount of plastic contained in the dry waste is 10% or more, the solid fuel can be a component, but in the ordinary municipal waste, it is about 20% on a dry basis. Since it contains plastic, it can be molded into almost all municipal solid waste.

In this embodiment, the electric heaters 12 and 14 are used on the outer circumferences of the intermediate die plate 8 and the rear chamber 10, respectively, but heaters using heat medium oil may be used.

In this embodiment, the shaft of the biaxial continuous screw 4 is thickened from the charging port 5 to the intermediate die plate, but the shaft diameter may be the same and the pitch of the screw blades may be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of a solid fuel molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an internal cross-sectional view for explaining a conventional solid fuel molding machine.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining another conventional solid fuel molding machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Solid Fuel Molding Machine 2 Dry Dust 3 Molding Chamber 5 Charge Port 6 Molding Hole (Molding Hole Provided in Tip Die Plate) 7 Tip Die Plate 8 Intermediate Die Plate 11 Intermediate Molding Hole (provided in Intermediate Die Plate) Molding hole) 12 Electric heater (heating means)

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00 C10L 5/00-11/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A solid fuel molding apparatus for molding solid fuel by pressurizing municipal waste that has already been crushed, sorted and dried in a molding chamber while stirring and extruding while pressing from a tip die plate provided in the molding chamber. A solid fuel molding apparatus characterized in that an intermediate die plate for dividing the molding chamber is provided, and a heating means is attached to the intermediate die plate. 2. The intermediate die plate is provided with a molding hole having an area 1.3 to 1.8 times as large as the area of the molding hole provided in the tip die plate. Solid fuel molding equipment.