JP3511210B2 - Heat storage method for air conditioning - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage method for air conditioning. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a heat pump system for air conditioning using a heating tower, which is found in large-scale heat storage equipment, generates heat by collecting heat from outside air in a heating tower in winter, while generating heat in summer. The heat is released from the cooling tower to the outside air to generate cold water. However, according to the current heat pump system, a compressor in a refrigerant cycle such as Freon in a refrigerator is operated under different conditions in summer and winter.
FIGS. 4 and 5 show the relationship between the process of each refrigerant cycle and the temperature, and FIGS.
The respective Ph diagrams are shown in FIG. The temperature head in the heat pump system is considered to be equivalent to the pumping head in a hydraulic pump. However, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a large temperature head is required when generating hot water in winter compared to when generating cold water in summer. I have. Also, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, from the respective Ph diagrams, the compression ratio is larger in winter operation than in summer. However, in the design of a compressor, since the clearance of a cylinder or a rotating blade is determined from the compression ratio, a large temperature head is naturally required. A refrigerant system equipped with a compressor designed based on the compression ratio at the time of generating hot water in winter has to be operated with reduced efficiency (compression efficiency) of the compressor during cold water operation in summer. For this reason, the conventional heating tower type heat pump system is equipped with two refrigerator compressors to improve the efficiency.
There is a refrigerant cycle in which the compression efficiency is improved by operating the compressor in a two-stage compression cycle when generating hot water and operating in a one-stage compression cycle when generating cold water in summer. Therefore, when designing and constructing a system, there arises a problem that two compressors must be mounted.
They were not always satisfactory in terms of construction cost, space, and construction volume. In the conventional heating tower type heat pump system, water stored in the heat storage tank was the mainstream medium for storing heat.However, since water is used as the heat storage medium, high density heat storage cannot be expected In order to cope with the heat load in the summer season, the equipment must be large-scale, and there is a space problem when air-conditioning the building. [0006] In this respect, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-166330 previously disclosed by the present applicant discloses that a new ice heat storage system developed by the present applicant is utilized in summer. A "heat storage type cooling and heating method" which can sufficiently cope with a large heat load has been proposed. In the present invention, in consideration of the above-mentioned problems observed in the conventional heating tower type heat pump system, a new air conditioning system using the ice storage system developed by the present applicant and further using the heating tower type together is adopted. It is intended to solve the problem by providing a heat storage method. Therefore, in the present invention, a heat storage tank for storing a heat source water for air conditioning, a supercooler for generating supercooled water of 0 ° C. or less using brine as a cold heat source, and a supercooler for releasing the supercooled state of the supercooled water. A cooling unit having a releasing means, a condenser having a condenser and an evaporator, and a cooling tower are used. During cooling, brine is circulated between an evaporator and a supercooler of the refrigerator, and cooling water from the cooling tower is cooled by the refrigerator. Circulating between the condenser and the cooling tower,
The heat source water taken from the heat storage tank is supplied to the supercooler, and the supercooled water discharged from the supercooler is converted into ice / water slurry by the supercool release means, and the generated ice / water slurry is stored in the heat storage tank. Ice and water coexist in the heat storage tank by supplying it into the tank, and at the time of heating, the brine is circulated between the evaporator of the refrigerator and the cooling tower. intake heat source water heat is supplied to the condenser of the refrigerator, by supplying the hot water storage tank to be produced, respectively in summer, and to obtain a heat source water for winter air-conditioning. The supercooler using brine as a cold heat source is somewhat inferior to the direct expansion type supercooler in terms of efficiency, but the compression ratio of the compressor of the refrigerator at that time is in winter. The difference is smaller than that at the time of hot water generation. Therefore, even if the refrigerator is operated by one compressor during both cooling in summer and heating in winter, the compression efficiencies in both periods are not so large. On the other hand, the ice generated by releasing the supercooled water from the supercooled state is a sherbet-shaped ice, and can have a high IPF (ice filling rate) and can store heat at a high density. Therefore 1
Considering the operation of the refrigerator by the compressor of the compressor and the high-density heat storage in the summer, the operation rate of the equipment is high when viewed throughout the summer and winter seasons, resulting in an extremely efficient heat source for air conditioning. The high heat storage density with only one machine can reduce the space required for system construction. In addition, a supercooler using brine as a cold heat source has no refrigerant piping and is simple to construct. Therefore, even when the cooling operation and the heating operation are performed by switching the water channel, the required amount of piping is minimal, and the system can be easily constructed. [0010] Furthermore, the cooling tower is used as a heating tower in winter, and it is possible to easily take heat from the outside air to the brine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an arrangement of main equipment necessary for carrying out the embodiment and a piping system. The refrigerator 1 used in this embodiment has a compressor 2, a condenser 3, an expansion valve 4, and an evaporator 5. On the other hand, a supercooler 7 is disposed above a heat storage tank 6 for storing heat source water for air conditioning, and heat source water in the heat storage tank 6 pumped by a pump 9 from an intake pipe 8 having an intake port in the heat storage tank 6 is connected to a water channel. The supercooler 7 is supplied through a and b. [0012] The subcooler 7 are intended to brine that has been cooled by the evaporator 5 of the refrigerating machine 1 and the cold heat source, the brine waterway c, through the d is supplied to the subcooler 7 by pump 10 , Returned to the evaporator 5 through water channels e and f,
A refrigerant circuit is formed between the subcooler 7 and the evaporator 5. Then, the water passed through the supercooler 7 becomes supercooled water of 0 ° C. or less, is discharged to the supercooling release pipe 11, and the supercooled state is released by the impact at that time, so that the sherbet-like ice is removed. It is formed in a slurry state with water and supplied to the heat storage tank 6 through the transfer pipe 12. On the other hand, the heat source water in the heat storage tank 6 pumped up by the pump 9 from the water intake pipe 8 passes through the water channels a and g and is supplied to the refrigerator 1.
The pipes are also supplied to the condenser 3 of this type. The condenser 3 has a pipe system which is returned to the heat storage tank 6 through the water paths h and i, and a heat pipe through the water paths h, j and k. There is provided a pipeline system that is supplied to the sprinkling section 14 of the cooling tower 13 also serving as a cooling tower. The lower water tank 15 of the cooling tower / cooling tower 13 is provided with a pipeline system communicating with the water channel f via the water channels l and m and a pipeline system communicating with the water channel g via the water channels l and n. In the figure, 21, 22, 23, 24,
Reference numerals 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29 denote valves provided in each water channel, and reference numeral 30 denotes a pump for supplying the cooling tower and cooling tower 13 together. The main equipment for carrying out the present embodiment,
The piping system is configured as described above, and the case where the cooling operation is performed in the summer season will be described with reference to FIG. 2. First, among the valves provided in each water channel, valves 24, 25, 27, and 2 are used.
8 is closed. The water in the heat storage tank 6 that has been taken in by the water intake pipe 8 through an ice nucleus separation device (not shown) such as an ice filter is supplied to the subcooler 7 by the pump 9 through the water paths a and b. In the evaporator 5 of the refrigerator 1,
The brine cooled to about 6 ° C. is supplied to the subcooler 7 by the pump 10 through the channels c and d, and is returned to the evaporator 5 through the channels e and f to circulate (FIG. 2).
In white arrow). At this time, the cooling water supplied to the condenser 3 is
The water is supplied from the lower water tank 15 of the cooling tower / cooling tower 13 to the evaporator 3 through the channels l and n, and the channels h, j,
Through k, it is returned to the heating tower / cooling tower 13 by the pump 30 and circulated. Then, from the supercooled water discharged from the supercooler 7, ice / water slurry is generated by the supercool release means 11, supplied to the heat storage tank 6 through the transport pipe 12, and stores the ice with the water in the heat storage tank 6. Ice storage operation is performed. From such a state, for example, cold water is supplied from the heat storage tank 6 to a load-side heat exchanger (not shown) such as a fan coil unit, and the water whose temperature has been raised thereby is returned to the heat storage tank 6 again. The cold water in the tank 6 is used for air conditioning during cooling. Next, the heating operation performed in winter will be described with reference to FIG. 3. First, among valves provided in each water channel,
Valves 21, 22, 23, 26, 29 are closed. When the refrigerator 1 is operated, the brine circulating between the evaporator 5 and the subcooler 7 during the cooling operation is changed to the water channel c, this time.
The brine, which is supplied to the heating tower / cooling tower 13 by the pump 30 through k and is at about −10 ° C., is collected from the outside air there and is supplied from the lower water tank 15 to the evaporator 5 through water paths 1, m, and f. To circulate between the heating tower / cooling tower 13 and the evaporator 5 (open arrows in FIG. 3). On the other hand, the heat source water in the heat storage tank 6 is withdrawn from the water intake pipe 8 and supplied to the condenser 3 through the water channels a and g by the pump 9 and is heated there. Hot water is supplied (black arrow in FIG. 3). As described above, according to the present invention, during cooling operation in summer, high-efficiency and high-density heat storage can be performed, and in winter, heating operation can be performed by switching water channels without changing the system itself. I have. In addition, since the brine and the pump used for such a cooling and heating operation are shared, and can be used throughout the year, the operation efficiency in terms of equipment is good. Furthermore, since the difference in compression ratio is not so large during cooling and heating, it is not necessary to mount two compressors as in the related art. In the above embodiment, a single heat storage tank 6 is used. However, if this single heat storage tank 6 is used as a double heat storage tank and a condenser is added, a double bundle refrigerator can be used to simultaneously extract cold and hot water. Become. Also, by dividing the heat storage tank, etc.
It is also possible to generate hot water or store hot water at the same time as storing ice. According to the present invention, there is no need to switch the compression ratio between the cooling operation and the heating operation. There is no need to carry it. Therefore, the space related to the refrigerator required when constructing the system can be smaller than before,
The design of the system construction is easy, and the initial cost can be reduced. In addition, during the cooling operation in summer, heat is stored by ice heat storage, and as a result throughout the year, the system becomes extremely efficient, and even small-scale equipment can cope with a large heat load in summer. . Furthermore, since the supercooler uses a supercooler that uses brine as a cold heat source, it requires only a few refrigerant pipes. Need less. In addition, since the heat collection performed on the brine during the generation of hot water in winter is performed using a cooling tower as a heating tower, it is an extremely efficient heat storage method in terms of facilities.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of main equipment and a piping system in an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system in an embodiment during a cooling operation. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system in an embodiment during a heating operation. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a process of a refrigerant cycle when generating cold water in a conventional heating tower type heat pump system. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a process of a refrigerant cycle when generating hot water in a conventional heating tower type heat pump system. FIG. 6 is a Ph diagram of the conventional heating tower type heat pump system when cold water is generated. FIG. 7 is a Ph diagram of the conventional heating tower type heat pump system when hot water is generated. [Description of Signs] 1 Refrigerator 2 Compressor 3 Condenser 5 Evaporator 6 Heat storage tank 7 Subcooler 11 Subcooling release means 13 Heating tower / cooling tower

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Masayuki Tanino 2-8-21 Kyowa, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa Prefecture White Village 101 (72) Inventor Sakae Kikuchi 1-3-17 Koku Shimotsu, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Ibe Shintake 710-1 Court Amour II 203, Aiko, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Mitsuru Moriya 3-7-25, Sagamigaoka, Zama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Sunlight Hills 203 (72) Inventor Kazunori Eto 4-, Morino, Machida, Tokyo, Japan 15-12 Terada Building Morino B-311 (72) Inventor Tadashi Matsumoto 3-14-50 Tsumadakita, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture A-103 Honatsutsugi A-103 (56) References JP-A-2-44134 (JP, A) JP-A-4-143535 (JP, A) JP-A-2-166330 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24F 5/00 102

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A heat storage tank for storing heat source water for air conditioning, a supercooler for generating supercooled water of 0 ° C or less using brine as a cold heat source, and supercooling of the supercooled water. Using a supercooling release means for releasing the state, a refrigerator having a condenser and an evaporator, and a cooling tower, and circulating brine between the evaporator and the supercooler of the refrigerator during cooling, and from the cooling tower. Cooling water was circulated between the condenser of the refrigerator and the cooling tower, and was taken from the heat storage tank.
The heat source water is supplied to the subcooler, and the supercooled water discharged from the subcooler is converted into ice / water slurry by the subcooling releasing means, and the generated ice / water slurry is supplied into the heat storage tank. Ice and water coexist in the lever storage tank. During heating, the brine is circulated between the evaporator and the cooling tower of the refrigerator, and the heat source water withdrawn from the storage tank is
The heating is supplied to the refrigerator of the condenser, and supplying hot water produced in the thermal storage tank, the air-conditioning heat storage method.