JP3515622B2 - Lightwave rangefinder - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention performs a survey by collimating a survey point with a collimating telescope and reciprocating distance measuring light to and from the survey point. It relates to a lightwave distance meter. 2. Description of the Related Art As one of conventional lightwave distance meters, there is a monocular lightwave distance meter 1 as schematically shown in FIG. The monocular lightwave distance meter 1 uses half of the area of the objective lens as an objective lens 5 of a light transmitting lens system and the other half as an objective lens 7 of a light receiving lens system, and collimates the entire objective lens. It is also used as an objective lens of the telescope 21. Therefore, the collimating telescope 2 is located behind this objective lens.
Since there is one eyepiece lens 23, the light emitting element 9 and the light receiving element 10 cannot be arranged at the focal position of this objective lens. Therefore, prism 41 having wavelength selection characteristics
Is inserted into the optical axis of the collimating telescope, and the optical axis of the sending and receiving lens system is bent at a right angle as shown in the figure. Next, as another example of a conventional lightwave distance meter, there is a compound eye type lightwave distance meter 1 as shown in schematic views of FIGS. In the compound eye type optical wave distance meter 1, the optical axis 31 of the light transmitting lens system, the optical axis 32 of the light receiving lens system, and the optical axis 33 of the collimating telescope do not exist in the same plane unlike the case of the above-mentioned monocular type. Therefore, if the target 45 is combined with the reflecting prism 35 and this target 45 is collimated,
The light transmitting optical axis 31 and the light receiving optical axis 32 are configured to pass through predetermined positions of the input / output surface of the reflecting prism 35, respectively. For this reason, it is possible to easily prevent such a disadvantage that the light leakage of the light emitting element 9 is incident on the light receiving element 10, and the structure is simple and the size is easily reduced. [0004] However, in the case of the monocular lightwave distance meter 1 described above, one lens is used as the objective lens of the light transmission lens system in such a manner that it is split in half with the light reception lens system. Therefore, almost half of the light emitted from the light emitting element 9 (the portion indicated by reference numeral 42 in FIG. 9) is wasted, and as a result, there is a problem that the survey distance is limited due to insufficient light quantity. A prism 4 having an expensive wavelength selection characteristic
In addition to the necessity of (1), a precise assembling operation is also required, so that there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is high. Next, in the compound eye type optical wave distance meter 1, the target 45 must be incorporated in the reflecting prism 35 as described above. This not only increases manufacturing costs,
There is also a decrease in surveying accuracy. In particular, for the latter, when the reflecting prism 35 is not disposed at the surveying point, and the light is directly applied to the surveying point and the survey is performed, the collimation point is shifted from the surveying point, so that the measurement is performed in comparison with the monocular method. There was a problem that the accuracy was reduced. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a lightwave distance meter which reduces the manufacturing cost, is easy to handle, and does not require the provision of a collimating telescope target at the surveying point even when a reflecting prism is arranged at the surveying point. The purpose is to: [0008] The lightwave distance meter according to the present invention comprises:
A light transmitting lens system and a light receiving lens system arranged so that their optical axes are parallel, and a collimating telescope arranged so that their optical axes are parallel to the optical axes of the light transmitting and light receiving lens systems. The maximum length of a line segment connecting a point on the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens of the light transmitting lens system and a point on the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens of the light receiving lens system is a reflection arranged at the surveying point. In a light wave distance meter substantially equal to the diameter of the circular input / output surface of the prism, the objective lens of the collimating telescope is arranged between the objective lens of the light transmission lens system and the objective lens of the light reception lens system, and The optical axis of each lens is included in the same plane, and the objective lens of the light transmitting lens system is
Lens and the objective lens of the light-receiving lens system
Cut out the notch for placing the quasi-telescope objective lens
Each was formed . An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a lightwave distance meter 1, and shows an objective lens 5 of a light transmission lens system (objective lens 5 for light transmission), an objective lens 7 of a light reception lens system (objective lens 7 of light reception), and an objective lens for a collimating telescope. 22 shows a layout of the second embodiment. Light transmitting objective lens 5, light receiving objective lens 7
In addition, the collimating telescope objective lens 22 is positioned and fixed to the holding portions 12, 13, and 14 of the objective lens unit 11, respectively. Further, since the light-transmitting objective lens 5 and the light-receiving objective lens 7 are configured to have a size that shares one tangent line, both the objective lens 22 and the objective lens 22 for the collimating telescope are provided.
Notches 6 and 8 are respectively formed corresponding to. By the way, the effective areas of the light transmitting objective lens 5 and the light receiving objective lens 7 are slightly reduced by these notches 6 and 8, and the amount of light used for surveying is also reduced. The diameter of the objective lens 7 for receiving light is about 25 mm, the diameter of the objective lens 22 for the collimating telescope is about 10 mm, and the maximum width of the lens arrangement of these three objective lenses 5, 7, 22 is about 50 mm. Is substantially equal to that of the conventional compound-eye type), the area reduced by the notches 6 and 8 of this embodiment is the same as that of the transmitting and receiving objective lenses of the conventional compound-eye type optical distance meter. Only about 7% of those without the notches 6,8. Therefore, the distance that can be measured is almost the same even when compared with the conventional one having no notch, and the optical axes of the three objective lenses 5, 7, 22 are included in the same plane, so that collimation is achieved. There is no practical problem in view of the fact that the measurement can be performed accurately and the survey can be performed quickly. The diameters of the light-transmitting and light-receiving objective lenses 5 and 7 can be selected from a size in contact with the collimating telescope objective lens 22 to a size close to the diameter of the monocular lightwave distance meter objective lens. . FIG. 2 is a plan view of the lightwave distance meter 1 of the present invention. At one end of the housing 2 of the optical distance meter 1, a mounting portion 3 for the objective lens unit 11 is formed, and the objective lens unit 11 is mounted on the mounting portion 3. FIG. 3 is a side view of the lightwave distance meter 1 of the present invention. In the conventional compound eye type optical distance meter, the vertical height of the housing cannot be reduced so much because the collimating telescope is offset with respect to a plane including the centers of the transmitting objective lens 5 and the receiving objective lens 7. However, in the electro-optical distance meter 1 of the present invention, since the collimating telescope is not offset with respect to the plane including the centers of the objective lens 5 for transmitting light and the objective lens 7 for receiving light, the vertical height of the housing is extremely low. Can be lowered. FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. The eyepiece 23 is attached to the attachment part 4 formed at the other end of the housing 2, and a lens barrel 24 is arranged between the eyepiece 23 and the objective lens 22. FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. The light receiving element 10 shown in FIG. 4 is arranged on the back side of the lens barrel 24 in the drawing, and the light emitting element 9 is arranged as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 3). Therefore, the light leakage of the light emitting element 9 can be prevented from being incident on the light receiving element 10 by the lens barrel 24. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a case where the lightwave distance meter 1 of the present invention and the reflecting prism 35 are used in combination.
When the collimating telescope 21 collimates the central portion of the reflecting prism 35, the light transmitting optical axis 31 and the light receiving optical axis 32 are both parallel to the collimating optical axis 33 and included in the same plane. Light surely enters the entrance / exit surface of the reflecting prism 35, is reflected by the reflecting surface of the reflecting prism 35, and
Reach 0. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the light transmitting objective lens 5, the light receiving objective lens 7, and the collimating telescope objective lens 22 with respect to the entrance / exit surface of the reflecting prism 35. As shown in FIG. 8, the input / output surface of the reflecting prism 35 has the largest area, and the light transmitting objective lens 5 and the light receiving objective lens 7 combined in the objective lens unit 11.
The collimating telescope objective lens 22 is included in the entrance / exit surface of the reflecting prism 35. Therefore, as is apparent from FIG. 8, if the collimating telescope 21 collimates the center of the entrance / exit surface of the reflecting prism 35 (the collimating optical axis 33 is aligned with the central portion of the entrance / exit surface of the reflecting prism 35). The transmitting optical axis 31 and the receiving optical axis 32 are equally distributed in the left-right direction about the collimating optical axis 33, and always pass through predetermined positions in the input / output surface of the reflecting prism 35. While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above,
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the embodiment, the light transmitting objective lens and the light receiving objective lens are arranged in the horizontal direction, but they may be arranged in the vertical direction. In addition, according to the surveying distance, weather conditions, use or non-use of the reflective prism, etc., a lens with optimal characteristics is combined as an objective lens unit, and an objective lens unit with different characteristics is selectively used according to the surveying situation. You may. When the diameter of the objective lens for transmitting and receiving light is increased, the distance between the focal points of these objective lenses becomes closer as the diameter of the objective lens increases, so that the diameter of these objective lenses increases. May be performed within a range where the light emitting element and the light receiving element can be arranged without using a prism having a wavelength selection characteristic. Further, in the embodiment, an arc-shaped notch for arranging the collimating telescope objective lens is formed in each of the light transmitting and receiving objective lenses, but the shape of the notch is circular. The shape is not limited to this, and may be another shape. For example, a plane orthogonal to a line connecting the centers of the light transmitting and light receiving objective lenses may be formed on each of the light transmitting and light receiving objective lenses. in this case,
Since it is only necessary to cut out the light transmitting and receiving objective lenses in a straight line so as to be orthogonal to their radial directions, the cost of the notch processing can be reduced. The control circuit, display, and the like for surveying used in the lightwave distance meter of the present invention can have the same configuration as that of the conventional one, so that the description thereof is omitted in the description of the above embodiment. . Further, these control circuits and displays may be built in the housing of the electro-optical distance meter or connected to the electro-optical distance meter as an external device. According to the lightwave distance meter according to the present invention configured as described above, the position collimated by the collimating telescope is set between the optical axis of the light transmitting lens system and the optical axis of the light receiving lens system. Although it is a low-cost, simple-structure compound-wave type optical distance meter located between the two, it is possible to easily perform surveying with a small collimation error. In addition, since the arrangement of the three objective lenses is very compact, the optical distance meter can be easily reduced in size. Further, if cutouts for disposing the objective lens of the collimating telescope are formed in the light transmitting objective lens and the light receiving objective lens, the area of these objective lenses can be widely and effectively used. It is possible to secure a sufficient amount of light required for surveying, and to solve the problem that the distance that can be measured becomes extremely short.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of one embodiment of a lightwave distance meter according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the lightwave distance meter shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the lightwave distance meter shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 3; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a case where the lightwave distance meter of the present invention and a reflecting prism are used in combination. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a light transmitting objective lens, a light receiving objective lens, and a collimating telescope objective lens of the lightwave distance meter of the present invention with respect to an entrance / exit surface of a reflection prism. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a conventional monocular lightwave distance meter. FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of a conventional compound eye type light wave distance meter. 11 is a schematic side view of the compound eye type optical wave distance meter shown in FIG. [Description of Signs] 1 Lightwave distance meter 5 Transmitting objective lens 6 Notch 7 Receiving objective lens 8 Notch 21 Collimating telescope 22 Collimating telescope objective lens 31 Transmitting optical axis 32 Receiving optical axis 33 Collimating light Axis 35 Reflecting prism

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Sho 59-144482 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01C 3/00-3/32 G01C 15 / 00-15/14 G01S 7/48-7/51 G01S 17/00-17/95

Claims (1)

(57) Claims 1. A light-sending lens system and a light-receiving lens system arranged so that their optical axes are parallel to each other, and the optical axes of the light-sending and light-receiving lens systems are the optical axes of the light-sending and light-receiving lens systems. And a collimating telescope arranged so as to be parallel to a line segment connecting a point on the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens of the light transmitting lens system and a point on the outer peripheral edge of the objective lens of the light receiving lens system. In the optical distance meter, the maximum length of which is substantially equal to the diameter of the circular entrance / exit surface of the reflection prism disposed at the surveying point, the objective lens of the collimating telescope and the objective lens of the light transmission lens system and the light reception lens system is arranged between the objective lens and configured as an optical axis of each lens is included in the same plane, the objective lens and the light receiving lens system of the light transmitting lens system
The objective lens of the collimating telescope is placed on the objective lens
An electro-optical distance meter characterized by forming cutouts for each .