JP3530963B2 - Wet friction material - Google Patents
Wet friction materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP3530963B2 JP3530963B2 JP20200698A JP20200698A JP3530963B2 JP 3530963 B2 JP3530963 B2 JP 3530963B2 JP 20200698 A JP20200698 A JP 20200698A JP 20200698 A JP20200698 A JP 20200698A JP 3530963 B2 JP3530963 B2 JP 3530963B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- friction material
- friction
- carbon powder
- outermost surface
- wet friction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は湿式クラッチ及びブ
レーキに用いられる湿式摩擦材に関するもので、特に耐
熱耐久性および摩擦特性の安定性に優れた摩擦材を得よ
うとするものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び問題点】従来オートマチックトランス
ミッションのクラッチおよびブレーキに摩擦材を使用す
る場合、特に高速回転や高面圧の使用条件では、摩擦材
が焼けたり、摩擦材の相手材であるセパレータプレート
にヒートスポットが生じ摩擦特性の悪化や破損が生じる
場合があり、耐熱耐久性を向上させる必要があった。
【０００３】現在この耐久性を向上するには熱伝導性の
優れたカーボン粉体を、摩擦摺動面に添加し、摩擦面部
の係合時における摩擦熱の蓄積を少なくする方法があ
り、耐熱耐久性が大幅に向上した。しかしながら、この
ようにカーボン粉体を摺動表面部に添加した場合には、
最表面部にあるカーボン粒が使用中に相手摩擦面との摩
擦摺動により、脱落を生じ、脱落したカーボン粉体がオ
ートマチックトランスミッション油を汚し、コントロー
ルバルプの作動不良の原因となり、また摺動表面部のカ
ーボンが脱落するにつれ、摩擦特性が変化するという欠
点を免がれなかった。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は前記の欠点を解
消した湿式摩擦材を得たものである。即ち、本発明は、
抄紙体の表層部にカーボン粉体が添加された湿式摩擦材
において、カーボン粉体が除去された最表面部と、最表
面より２０〜５０μｍ下にカーボン粉体が最表面部より
多い層とが存在するように構成されていることを特徴と
する湿式摩擦材に関する。本発明に係わる湿式摩擦材
は、セルロース繊維、芳香族ポリアミド繊維、アクリル
系繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維などの
基材繊維を単独で、あるいは２種以上の繊維を配合し、
これに無機添加剤として珪藻土、炭酸カルシウム、シリ
カ、クレイ、マイカ、タルク、炭酸マグネシウムなどを
単独あるいは組み合わせて抄紙を行い、その後摩擦面側
にカーボン粉体を添加し、摩擦面の反対側から吸引を行
うことにより、カーボン粒が表面部の繊維間に蓄積す
る。（ここでカーボン粒子形状や量、また抄紙時の吸引
力の設定を調整するとか、もしくはウェットプレス等の
手段を用いる。）そうしておいて、最表面部に付着して
いるカーボン粉体をブラシ等の除去手段を用いて除去
し、最表面より２０〜５０μｍ下にカーボン粉体が最表
面部より多い層が存在するように構成される。
【０００５】
【作用】前記の如き構成の摩擦材は、相手材との摩擦面
の摩擦表面部のカーボン粉体を除去し、最表面から２０
〜５０μｍ下にカーボン粉体が最表面部より多い層を形
成することにより、使用中におけるカーボン粉体の脱落
を防止し、カーボン脱落にともない生じる摩擦特性の変
化を防止することができる。
【０００６】また最表面から２０〜５０μｍ下の熱伝導
性のよいカーボン粉体の多い層は、摩擦係合過程におい
て生じる摩擦表層部の摩擦熱をカーボン層部に取り込
み、係合完了時においては速やかにカーボン層部から金
属プレートの相手材に熱の移動を行うことにより摩擦材
表面部の熱の蓄積を防止する作用があり、摩擦材の耐熱
耐久性を向上させる。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の湿式摩擦材の一実施形態
を図について説明すると、摩擦材３の断面を示す図１に
おいて、最表面部１からはカーボン粉体が除去されてい
てカーボン層は形成されていない。最表面から２０〜５
０μｍ下に最表面部よりカーボン粉体の多い層２が存在
する。
【０００８】このように構成された湿式摩擦材は高速、
高圧下の使用条件においても耐熱耐久性に優れ、摩擦特
性の安定性も良好である。
【０００９】
【実施例】以下に実施例並びに比較例を挙げて、本発明
をより明確にする。摩擦材の最表面から２０〜５０μｍ
下に最表面部よりカーボン粉体の多い層を形成させた実
施例と、これを形成しない比較例１、および従来のカー
ボン粉体を摩擦摺動面に添加した比較例２の耐熱性と摩
擦特性について、以下の条件で試験した。
【００１０】ライニング外径：１２６ｍｍ，内径：１０
６ｍｍ，厚さ：２．０４ｍｍ，芯板厚さ１．００ｍｍの
試験プレートと厚さ：１．８０ｍｍの相手プレートを用
いて、慣性式摩擦試験機で、耐熱性試験は、油：ＡＴ
Ｆ，油温：１００℃，油量：０．３リットル／min ，低
エネルギー試験の場合、係合回転数：６８００rpm 、押
付荷重：１７０kgf ，慣性モーメント：１．５kgf ・cm
・sec2、高エネルギー試験の場合、係合回転数：６５０
０rpm 、押付荷重：５８０kgf ，慣性モーメント：１．
０kgf ・cm・sec2の条件で、また、摩擦試験は、油：Ａ
ＴＦ，油温：１００℃，油量：０．７リットル、係合回
転数：３６００rpm 、押付荷重：２９０kgf ，慣性モー
メント：３．５kgf ・cm・sec2の条件で行った。耐熱性
試験結果を図２に、摩擦試験結果を図３に示す。
【００１１】図２および図３に示されるように、本発明
に係る実施例の摩擦材は耐熱耐久性に優れ、摩擦特性の
経時変化が少ないことがわかる。
【００１２】
【発明の効果】湿式摩擦材は、天然パルプ繊維、有機合
成繊維等を繊維基材とし、これに充填材と摩擦調整剤と
を配合し抄造して生ペーパを作成し、この生ペーパに熱
硬化性樹脂を含浸し、乾燥工程において希釈溶剤を揮発
させた後、その表面が平坦になるように加圧、加熱し、
熱硬化性樹脂を完全硬化させながら金属板に接合したも
のである。本発明の湿式摩擦材は、前記の生ペーパの摩
擦材摺動表面部にカーボン層を形成した後、その最表面
に付着したカーボン粉体をブラシ等の除去手段を用いて
除去することによって、摩擦材の最表面から２０〜５０
μｍ下に最表面部よりカーボン粉体の多い層を形成させ
たものである。このような構成により、本発明の湿式摩
擦材は耐熱、耐久性が優れ、摩擦特性の経時変化が少な
く、また使用中カーボン脱落による不具合の発生が少な
いという大きな効果が得られる。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wet friction material used for a wet clutch and a brake, and more particularly to a friction material excellent in heat resistance and stability of friction characteristics. It is what we are trying to get. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a friction material is used for a clutch and a brake of an automatic transmission, especially under a condition of high speed rotation and a high surface pressure, the friction material is burned, or the friction material is used as a mating material. In some cases, a heat spot is generated on a certain separator plate, and the friction characteristics may be deteriorated or damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the heat resistance and durability. At present, there is a method of improving the durability by adding carbon powder having excellent thermal conductivity to the friction sliding surface to reduce the accumulation of frictional heat when the friction surface is engaged. Durability has been greatly improved. However, when the carbon powder is added to the sliding surface as described above,
During use, the carbon particles on the outermost surface will fall off due to friction sliding with the mating friction surface, and the dropped carbon powder will contaminate the automatic transmission oil, causing malfunction of the control valve and the sliding surface. As the carbon in the part dropped off, the disadvantage that the friction characteristics changed was inevitable. [0004] The present invention provides a wet friction material which has solved the above-mentioned disadvantages. That is, the present invention
In a wet friction material carbon powder in the surface layer of the paper body has been added, and the outermost surface of the carbon powder is removed, a carbon powder under 20~50μm the outermost surface and a layer greater than the top surface portion A wet friction material characterized as being configured to be present. The wet friction material according to the present invention is a cellulose fiber, an aromatic polyamide fiber, an acrylic fiber, a polyester fiber, a base fiber such as a polypropylene fiber alone or a blend of two or more fibers,
Papermaking is performed by using diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, silica, clay, mica, talc, magnesium carbonate, etc. alone or in combination as an inorganic additive. , Carbon particles accumulate between the fibers on the surface. (Here, adjust the shape and amount of the carbon particles and the setting of the suction force during papermaking, or use means such as wet pressing.) Then, the carbon powder adhering to the outermost surface is removed. removed using a removing means such as a brush, configured to carbon powder under 20~50μm the outermost surface is present more layers than the outermost portion. The friction material having the above-described structure removes carbon powder from a friction surface portion of a friction surface with a mating material, and removes 20 % from the outermost surface.
By forming a layer in which the carbon powder is larger than the outermost surface portion by 50 μm or less, it is possible to prevent the carbon powder from falling off during use and to prevent a change in frictional characteristics caused by the carbon falling off. Further more from the outermost surface of good thermal conductivity carbon powder under 20~50μm layer, the frictional heat of the friction surface portion resulting in frictional engagement process captures the carbon layer unit, at the time of completion of the engagement Immediately transferring the heat from the carbon layer to the mating material of the metal plate has the effect of preventing the accumulation of heat on the surface of the friction material, thereby improving the heat resistance and durability of the friction material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the wet friction material of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1 showing a cross section of a friction material 3, carbon powder is removed from the outermost surface portion 1. Therefore, no carbon layer is formed. Or the outermost surface, et al. 2 0-5
A layer 2 containing more carbon powder than the outermost surface portion exists below 0 μm. [0008] The wet friction material thus configured has a high speed,
It has excellent heat resistance and durability even under high pressure use conditions, and also has good stability of friction characteristics. The present invention will be further clarified with reference to the following examples and comparative examples. Or the outermost surface of the friction material, et al. 2 0~50μm
The heat resistance and friction of the example in which a layer containing more carbon powder than the outermost surface was formed below, the comparative example 1 in which this layer was not formed, and the comparative example 2 in which conventional carbon powder was added to the friction sliding surface. The characteristics were tested under the following conditions. [0010] Lining outer diameter: 126mm, inner diameter: 10
6 mm, thickness: 2.04 mm, core plate thickness: 1.00 mm test plate and thickness: 1.80 mm mating plate, using an inertial friction tester, heat resistance test: oil: AT
F, oil temperature: 100 ° C., oil amount: 0.3 liter / min, in the case of a low energy test, engagement rotation speed: 6800 rpm, pressing load: 170 kgf, moment of inertia: 1.5 kgf · cm
・ Sec 2 , in case of high energy test, engagement rotation speed: 650
0 rpm, pressing load: 580 kgf, moment of inertia: 1.
Under the condition of 0 kgf · cm · sec 2 , the friction test was conducted using oil: A
TF, oil temperature: 100 ° C., oil amount: 0.7 liter, engagement rotation speed: 3600 rpm, pressing load: 290 kgf, moment of inertia: 3.5 kgf · cm · sec 2 . FIG. 2 shows the results of the heat resistance test, and FIG. 3 shows the results of the friction test. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the friction material of the embodiment according to the present invention has excellent heat resistance and durability, and has little change in friction characteristics with time. The wet friction material is made of natural pulp fiber, organic synthetic fiber or the like as a fiber base material, mixed with a filler and a friction modifier to form a raw paper, and a raw paper is produced. After impregnating the thermosetting resin in the paper and evaporating the diluting solvent in the drying step, pressurizing and heating so that the surface becomes flat,
The thermosetting resin is bonded to a metal plate while being completely cured. Wet friction material of the present invention, after forming a carbon layer on the friction material sliding surface portion of the raw paper, by removing with a removing means such as a brush, a carbon powder adhered to the outermost surface, or the outermost surface of the friction material, et al. 2 0-50
A layer in which the amount of carbon powder is larger than the outermost surface portion is formed below μm. With such a structure, the wet friction material of the present invention has excellent effects such as excellent heat resistance and durability, little change in friction characteristics with time, and little occurrence of problems due to carbon falling off during use.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は本発明の湿式摩擦材の断面を示す。
【図２】実施例における耐熱性試験結果を示すグラフで
ある。
【図３】実施例における摩擦結果を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
１ 最表面部
２ カーボン粉体の多い層
３ 湿式摩擦材BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a wet friction material of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a heat resistance test in Examples. FIG. 3 is a graph showing friction results in Examples. [Explanation of Signs] 1 Outermost surface 2 Layer rich in carbon powder 3 Wet friction material
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ // Ｃ０８Ｌ 101:00 Ｃ０８Ｌ 101:00 (72)発明者 渡辺 和昭 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自 動車株式会社内 (72)発明者 鈴木 誠 静岡県袋井市愛野2345番地 エヌエスケ ー・ワーナー株式会社内 (72)発明者 渡辺 正 静岡県袋井市愛野2345番地 エヌエスケ ー・ワーナー株式会社内 (72)発明者 竹内 四郎 静岡県袋井市愛野2345番地 エヌエスケ ー・ワーナー株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平６−229434（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−118755（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−93355（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−72937（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C08J 5/14 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI // C08L 101: 00 C08L 101: 00 (72) Inventor Kazuaki Watanabe 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (72) Inventor Makoto Suzuki 2345 Aino, Fukuroi City, Shizuoka Prefecture Inside NSK Warner Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tadashi Watanabe 2345 Aino, Fukuroi City, Shizuoka Prefecture NSK Warner Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shiro Takeuchi Shizuoka Shizuoka 2345 Aino, Fukuroi-shi, Japan NSK Warner Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-229434 (JP, A) JP-A-9-118755 (JP, A) JP-A-6-93355 (JP, A) JP, 62-72937 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C08J 5/14
Claims (1)
れた湿式摩擦材において、カーボン粉体が除去された最
表面部と、最表面より２０〜５０μｍ下にカーボン粉体
が最表面部より多い層とが存在するように構成されてい
ることを特徴とする湿式摩擦材。(57) [Claims 1] In a wet friction material in which carbon powder is added to the surface layer of a papermaking body, the maximum amount of carbon powder removed is as follows.
And a surface portion, a wet friction material, characterized in that the carbon powder under 20~50μm the outermost surface is configured such that there is a layer higher than the outermost surface portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20200698A JP3530963B2 (en) | 1997-07-25 | 1998-07-16 | Wet friction material |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9-200353 | 1997-07-25 | ||
| JP20035397 | 1997-07-25 | ||
| JP20200698A JP3530963B2 (en) | 1997-07-25 | 1998-07-16 | Wet friction material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1192573A JPH1192573A (en) | 1999-04-06 |
| JP3530963B2 true JP3530963B2 (en) | 2004-05-24 |
Family
ID=26512129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20200698A Expired - Fee Related JP3530963B2 (en) | 1997-07-25 | 1998-07-16 | Wet friction material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3530963B2 (en) |
-
1998
- 1998-07-16 JP JP20200698A patent/JP3530963B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1192573A (en) | 1999-04-06 |
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