JP3532437B2 - Hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provided a hybrid vehicle which can efficiently regenerate energy. SOLUTION: A hybrid vehicle is constituted in such a way that, when the assist from a motor 8 and regeneration are not required, the voltage of the generated power of a generator 6 is adjusted to 12 V by means of a regulator 9 and, at the same time, an auxiliary battery 13 is charged to supply electric power to an electric load 14 by stopping the motor 8 by switching a three- terminal switch 17 to a battery-side terminal (b) and turning off a switch 10. When the assist is required, the voltage of the generated power is adjusted to 42 V by means of the regulator 9 and, at the same time, rear wheels 7 are driven by switching the three-terminal switch 17 to a motor-side terminal (m). When regeneration is required, in addition, the power generation from the generator 6 is stopped and the battery 13 is charged by dropping the voltage of the electric power generated from the motor 8 by means of a DC voltage converter 16 for regeneration.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hybrid vehicle, and more particularly to driving front wheels with an engine,
The rear wheels relate to a 4WD type hybrid vehicle driven by a motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a hybrid vehicle in which a motor assists a driving force of an engine is known. Some hybrid vehicles of this type have a motor / engine
There is a parallel hybrid vehicle in which generators are provided in parallel, a motor / generator is operated as a motor during acceleration to assist the engine, and a motor / generator is operated as a generator during deceleration to charge a battery (for example, as a similar technique, JP-A-9-
140006). In addition, a simple hybrid vehicle in which a rear wheel is assisted by a motor using a conventional 12V battery is also under study, which is a slight improvement to a mass-produced gasoline vehicle.

As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-237811, a 12V battery is charged with electric power obtained by driving a generator with an engine, and a rear wheel motor is driven with this battery power. By arranging the two batteries, two batteries are used in parallel (12V) during normal traveling, and two batteries are connected in series (24V) during high motor rotation to increase the drive voltage. Some do.

[0004]

However, in the first prior art motor / generator provided, since the motor / generator is selected and used as a motor or a generator, the motor / generator is driven simultaneously with power generation. There is a problem that it cannot be done. Further, for example, in a front engine vehicle, the motor / generator connected to the front engine has to be arranged on the front side, which causes a problem of low layout freedom.

On the other hand, in a simple hybrid vehicle that assists the rear wheels of the second prior art, the motor current is large because the motor is driven at 12V, and the power loss in the wiring is large, so the wiring must be thick. There is a problem of not getting. In the rear wheel assist type hybrid vehicle which is the third conventional technique, the motor drive voltage can be increased, but the generator is still at a low voltage.
There is a problem that the power loss in the wiring is large. Therefore, the present invention provides a hybrid vehicle that has a high degree of freedom in layout as a hybrid vehicle, does not require thick wiring by setting a high voltage, and can efficiently recover regenerative energy during regeneration.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is an engine (for example, in the embodiment) that drives a first drive wheel (for example, the front wheel 1 in the embodiment). the engine 2) is driven by the engine, the first voltage (e.g., a generator that generates electric power by 42V) in the embodiment (e.g., a generator 6) in the embodiment, the second by electric power generated in the generator
A motor (for example, the motor 8 in the embodiment) that drives the drive wheels (for example, the rear wheel 7 in the embodiment), and an electric load (for example, the electric load 14 in the embodiment) that is charged by the voltage generated by the generator. For supplying electric power to the battery (for example, the auxiliary battery 13 in the embodiment)
A changeover switch (for example, the three-terminal switch 17 in the embodiment) that switches the supply of the voltage generated by the generator between the motor and the battery, and power generation that adjusts the voltage generated by the generator to a variable voltage. voltage regulating means (e.g., a regulator regulator 9 in the embodiment) a hybrid vehicle with an assist by the motor, when the regeneration is not required, the generated electric conductive <br/> voltage of the generator first Is adjusted to a second voltage (for example, 12V in the embodiment) lower than the voltage of 1 and the changeover switch is switched to the battery side (for example, the battery side terminal b in the embodiment) to charge the battery, and assistance is required. When detecting the amount of change in the throttle opening and the vehicle speed,
Whether or not acceleration is required is determined, and when acceleration is required, the voltage generated by the generator is adjusted to the first voltage and the changeover switch is changed to the motor side (for example, the motor side terminal m in the embodiment). The second drive wheel is driven by a motor, and when regeneration is necessary, the power generation by the generator is stopped, and the power generated by the motor is adjusted by voltage adjusting means (for example, the regenerative DC voltage converter 16 in the embodiment). Is characterized in that the voltage is reduced to a second voltage to charge the battery.

With this configuration, when the assist and regeneration by the motor are unnecessary, the generated voltage of the generator is adjusted to the second voltage lower than the first voltage, and the changeover switch is on the battery side. It is possible to switch to, charge the battery and supply electric power to the electric load. Further, when the assist is required, the power generation voltage of the generator can be adjusted to the first voltage and the changeover switch can be switched to the motor side to drive the second drive wheel to assist the engine. Then, when regeneration is required, the power generation by the generator is stopped, and the motor driven by the second drive wheel with less mechanical loss in terms of power transmission generates power, and the generated power of the motor is voltage-adjusted. The means can step down to a second voltage to charge the battery.

According to the second aspect of the invention, an engine (for example, the engine 2 in the embodiment) that drives the first drive wheel (for example, the front wheel 1 in the embodiment), and a first engine driven by the engine, A generator (for example, the generator 6 in the embodiment) that generates power at a voltage (for example, 42 V in the embodiment), and a first battery (for example, the battery 11 in the embodiment) charged by the power generated by the generator. When the second drive wheel by electric power generated in the generator (e.g., the rear wheel 7 in the embodiment) motor that drives the (e.g., the motor 8 in the embodiment)
And a DC voltage converter (for example, DC voltage converter 12 in the embodiment) that steps down the voltage generated by the generator to a second voltage (for example, 12V in the embodiment) lower than the first voltage, A second battery (for example, the auxiliary battery 13 in the embodiment) and an electric load (for example, the electric load 1 in the embodiment) which is connected to the DC voltage converter and is supplied with electric power by the reduced voltage.
4) A hybrid vehicle equipped with 4), wherein when the motor does not require assistance or regeneration, power is generated by the generator.
When at least the second battery is charged with the generated electric power and assistance is required , the amount of change in the throttle opening and the vehicle speed
To determine acceleration or not by detecting, if the acceleration is required the motor is driven by electric power generated by <br/> the generator, when the regeneration is required stops power generation by the generator However, at least the second battery is charged by the electric power generated by the motor.

With such a structure, when the assist and regeneration by the motor are not required, the power generated by the generator is supplied to the second battery in a state where it is stepped down to the second voltage by the DC voltage converter. However, various electric loads can be supplied from this second battery. When the assist is required, the motor driven by the electric power generated by the generator can drive the second drive wheel to assist the engine. Here, when regeneration is needed,
Power generation by the generator is stopped, power is generated by a motor driven by a second drive wheel that has less mechanical loss in terms of power transmission, and at least the second battery is charged by power generated by the motor.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory plan view showing a layout of a hybrid vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a front wheel, and the front wheel 1 includes an engine 2, a differential gear 3, and a transmission 4.
Driven through. A generator 6 is connected to the engine 2 via a belt 5. On the other hand, reference numeral 7 denotes a rear wheel, which is driven by a motor 8 connected to the left and right rear wheels 7. The motor 8 is driven by the generated power generated by the generator 6. It is adapted to drive the wheel 7.

FIG. 2 is an electric wiring diagram of the hybrid vehicle of the first embodiment. In the figure, the generator 6
Has a configuration similar to that of an alternator mounted on a normal vehicle, and is driven by the engine 2 so that the generator 6 can adjust the output voltage variably (at least 0V, 12V, 42V) by the regulator adjuster 9. Has become. A three-terminal switch 17 is connected to the output side of the generator 6, and the generated voltage of the generator 6 is switched between the motor 8 and the auxiliary battery 13 by the three-terminal switch 17.

A battery side terminal b of the three-terminal switch 17 is connected to a 12V auxiliary battery 13, and an electric load 14 such as a headlamp and an engine auxiliary device which is supplied with power from the auxiliary battery 13 is connected. Has been done.
The switch 10 is provided on the motor side terminal m of the three-terminal switch 17.
The motor 8 is connected via. Incidentally, G indicates the ground of the motor 8, the auxiliary battery 13, and the electric load 14. Reference numeral 15 denotes a control unit, which is connected to the three-terminal switch 17, the switch 10, and the regulator adjuster 9. The regenerative DC voltage converter 16 is connected between the motor side terminal m of the three-terminal switch 17 and the input side of the auxiliary battery 13.

Therefore, when the assist by the motor 8 is required, the switch 10 is turned on, the control unit 15 adjusts the output voltage of the generator 6 to 42V by the regulator adjuster 9, and the three-terminal switch 17 is set on the motor side. Switching to the terminal m, the output voltage from the generator 6 drives the motor 8 to drive the rear wheels 7. Therefore, when the front wheel 1 slips or when sudden acceleration is desired, it can be promptly dealt with. Here, the drive power of the motor 8 can be adjusted by configuring the switch 10 with a transistor or the like and performing switching control, but in addition, an adjustment signal to the motor 8 (in the case of a separately excited motor, a field current, an AC motor In this case, it can be controlled by switching control of the inverter).

When regeneration is required, the switch 10 remains ON and the generator 6 is adjusted to a low voltage (for example, 0 V) that does not charge the auxiliary battery 13, so that the regenerative energy from the motor 8 is generated. Regenerative DC voltage converter 16
The battery 13 for the auxiliary device can be charged by being stepped down via. Here, since the motor 8 is driven by the rear wheel 7 having less mechanical loss in terms of power transmission, regenerative energy can be efficiently recovered. The power generated by the motor 8 is an adjustment signal to the motor 8 (field current in the case of a separately excited motor, switching control of an inverter in the case of an AC motor, etc.).
Can be controlled by. Further, in the case of normal traveling in which neither assisting nor regeneration is required, the switch 10 is turned off to stop the motor 8, and the control unit 15 adjusts the output voltage of the generator 6 to 12 V by the regulator adjuster 9 and also the three terminals. The switch 17 is switched to the battery side terminal b to supply the electric power by the output voltage from the generator 6 to the auxiliary battery 13, and the electric load 14 can be supplied via the auxiliary battery 13.

As an example of the above assist, control of assist during acceleration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In step S10 of the figure, when the engine 2 is started, it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the motor 8 and the generator 6, and the operating conditions are satisfied, the amount of change Δ in throttle opening and the vehicle speed are detected in step S11. Then, in step S12, it is determined whether or not the acceleration is rapid. When it is determined in step S12 that the acceleration is rapid,
In step S13, the switch 10 is turned on to operate the motor 8 and the process proceeds to step S14. Then, whether the vehicle speed is greater than vehicle speed A is determined in the step S14, if the vehicle speed is determined to be greater than a predetermined vehicle speed A is, OFF switch 10 in step S15
The motor 8 is stopped and the process returns. Step S12
When it is judged that it is not sudden acceleration in, or
When the vehicle speed is equal to or lower than the constant vehicle speed A in step S14, the process returns. Therefore, in accordance with the driver's intention to accelerate, it is possible to switch to 4WD and assist the rear wheels to achieve quick acceleration.

Next, as an example in which regeneration by the motor 8 is required, regeneration control during deceleration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the system in step S20 of the figure and the operating condition is satisfied, it is determined in the next step S21 whether or not deceleration is being performed by a brake sensor, a throttle sensor, or the like. If it is determined in step S21 that the vehicle is decelerating, the generator 6 is stopped in step S22, then the motor 8 functions as a generator in step S23, and the auxiliary battery 13 can be received in step S24. Only when determined, the regenerative energy is supplied to the auxiliary battery 13 via the regenerative DC voltage converter 16. In addition, acceptable means that the auxiliary battery 13
Means that the battery can be charged in view of the remaining capacity. Here, at the time of the regeneration, the three-terminal switch 17 is switched to the battery side terminal b.

If it is determined in step S21 that deceleration is not in progress, the process returns. When it is determined in step S24 that the auxiliary battery 13 is not acceptable, the regeneration is stopped and the process returns in step S25. Therefore, the motor 8 not connected to the engine 2 can efficiently recover the regenerative energy from the rear wheel 7 side without passing through a plurality of transmission means as compared with the case where the motor 8 is connected to the engine 2.

According to the first embodiment, the engine 2 is driven to drive the generator 6 to generate electric power, and at the same time, the rear wheels 7 can be driven by the electric power generated by the generator 6. Even when the generator 6 is generating electric power, the motor 8 can assist the engine 2. Further, since the engine 2 and the generator 6 can be provided on the front side and the motor 8 can be provided on the rear side, the degree of freedom in layout is higher than that in the case where the engine 2, the generator 6 and the motor 8 are provided on the front side. Will increase.

Further, since the electric power can be generated at 42V and the motor 8 can be operated, the wiring can be made thin and the power loss can be reduced. Then, when regeneration is required, electric power is generated by the motor 8 driven by the rear wheels 7 with less mechanical loss in terms of power transmission. For example, when regeneration is performed by a generator / motor connected to an engine. It is possible to improve the recovery efficiency of regenerative energy as compared with.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals for description. FIG. 5 is another electric wiring diagram of the hybrid vehicle. In the figure, the generator 6 can adjust the output voltage as a first voltage by the regulator adjuster 9 to, for example, 42V (or 0V). A motor 8 connected via a switch 10, a 42V battery 11, and a DC voltage converter 12 are connected to the generator 6, respectively. Further, a DC voltage converter 12 (having the same configuration as the regeneration DC voltage converter 16) is connected to a 12V auxiliary battery 13 and an electric load 14 such as a head lamp or an engine auxiliary device, respectively. There is.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a control unit, which is connected to the switch 10 and the regulator adjuster 9. Incidentally, G indicates the ground of the motor 8, the battery 11, the auxiliary battery 13, and the electric load 14. Therefore, when the assistance is required, when the switch 10 is turned on and the engine 2 is driven, the generator 6 generates electric power at a voltage of 42 V to drive the motor 8. As a result, the engine 2 has the rear wheels 7
Will be assisted by driving. At this time, if the generator 6 has a margin, the 42V battery 11 is charged by the generated power of the generator 6, and the 12V auxiliary battery 13 is charged with the voltage stepped down by the DC voltage converter 12. Further, electric power is supplied to the electric load 14 through the 12V auxiliary battery 13. If the generator 6 has no margin, the electric power of the battery 11 is partially used to drive the motor 8. Here, the drive power of the motor 8 can be adjusted by configuring the switch 10 with a transistor or the like and performing switching control. In addition, an adjustment signal to the motor 8 (field current in the case of a separately excited motor, field current in the case of an AC motor) Can be controlled by switching control of the inverter).

When regeneration is required, the switch 10 remains ON and the generator 6 is adjusted to a low voltage (for example, 0 V) which does not charge the battery 11 and the auxiliary battery 13, and regeneration by the motor 8 is performed. The battery 11 and the auxiliary battery 13 can be charged with energy. still,
The electric power generated by the motor 8 can be controlled by an adjustment signal to the motor 8 (field current in the case of a separately excited motor, switching control of an inverter in the case of an AC motor, etc.). Further, in the case of normal traveling in which neither assisting nor regeneration is required, the battery 11 and the auxiliary battery 13 can be charged by the generator 6 by turning off the switch 10 and stopping the motor 8. The description about the case where the assist is necessary (the description of 0022) roughly corresponds to FIG. 3 of the first embodiment, and the description about the case where the regeneration is necessary (002).
3) corresponds roughly to FIG. 4 of the first embodiment.

Therefore, according to this second embodiment,
When the engine 2 is driven, the generator 6 is driven to generate electric power, and at the same time, the rear wheels 7 can be driven by the electric power generated by the generator 6. Therefore, when the generator 6 is generating electric power, Also, the engine 2 can be assisted by the motor 8. Further, since the engine 2 and the generator 6 can be provided on the front side and the motor 8 can be arranged on the rear side, the engine 2, the generator 6 and the motor 8 can be arranged on the front side.
The degree of freedom of layout is increased as compared with the case of providing.
Further, since the motor 8 is driven by the electric power generated by the generator 6, the 42V battery 11 merely has a function as a buffer, and the carry-out current from the battery 11 is reduced, and the 42V battery 11 is reduced. Is less likely to deteriorate. In addition, when regeneration is necessary, since power is generated by the motor 8 driven by the rear wheels 7 with less mechanical loss in terms of power transmission, for example, regeneration is performed by a generator / motor connected to the engine. The recovery efficiency of regenerative energy can be improved as compared with the case of And, it is advantageous in that the three-terminal switch is not required unlike the first embodiment.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and for example, the rear wheels may be driven by the engine and the front wheels may be driven by the motor. Further, although the output voltage of the generator has been described as an example of the first voltage of 42 V, the voltage value is 42 if the motor 8 can be assisted.
Not limited to V. In both of the above embodiments, the case where the generator 6 is stopped at the time of regeneration is described as the case where the generated voltage is set to a low voltage (for example, 0 V), but in addition, the generator completely stops generating power, or It is also possible to separate the battery from the generator with a switch or the like.

[0025]

As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the generator is driven by driving the engine to generate electric power, and at the same time, the generator is generated. Since the second drive wheel can be driven by the generated electric power, there is an effect that the engine can be assisted by the motor even when the generator is generating electric power. Also, for example, an engine and a generator are provided on the front side, a motor is arranged on the rear side, etc.
This has the effect of increasing the flexibility of layout as a hybrid vehicle.

Since the motor can be operated by generating power at the first voltage higher than the second voltage, the power loss can be reduced even if the wiring is thin. Furthermore, when regeneration is necessary, since power is generated by the motor driven by the second drive wheel with less mechanical loss in terms of power transmission, for example, regeneration is performed by a generator / motor connected to the engine. Compared with the case, there is an effect that the recovery efficiency of regenerative energy can be increased. It also detects the amount of change in throttle opening and the vehicle speed.
The second drive wheel is determined if acceleration is required and acceleration is required.
Can be driven by a motor,
Switch to four-wheel drive to assist the rear wheels
The effect is that quick acceleration can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory plan view showing a layout of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an electrical wiring diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart diagram showing control during acceleration according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart diagram showing control during deceleration regeneration according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an electrical wiring diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 front wheel (first drive wheel) 2 engine 6 generator 7 rear wheels (second drive wheel) 8 motor 9 Regulator regulator (power generation voltage regulator) 11 Battery (first battery) 12 DC voltage converter 13 Battery for auxiliary equipment (battery, second battery) 14 Electric load 16 regenerative DC voltage converter (voltage adjusting means) 17 3-terminal switch (selection switch) 42V first voltage 12V second voltage b Battery side terminal (battery side) m Motor side terminal (motor side)

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ identification code FI F02D 29/06 F02D 29/06 D (56) References JP-A-8-126117 (JP, A) JP-A-9-46816 (JP, A ) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-178705 (JP, A) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-23505 (JP, A) Actual Development Japanese Laid-Open No. 7-202202 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60L 11/02 B60K 6/04 F02D 29/02 F02D 29/06

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] And 1. A engine for driving the first drive wheel is driven by the engine, a generator for generating a first voltage, a motor for driving the second drive wheel by electric power generated in the generator When the power generation and the battery supplies power to the charging electric load voltage of the generator, a changeover switch for switching the supply of power to the voltage of the generator between the battery and the motor, and the power generation of the generator A hybrid vehicle having a power generation voltage adjusting means for adjusting a voltage to a variable voltage, wherein a voltage generated by the generator is lower than a first voltage when the motor does not require assistance or regeneration. The battery is charged by adjusting the voltage of the throttle switch to the battery side and changing the switch to the battery side.
When speed is detected, it is judged whether it is acceleration or not, and if acceleration is required,
Wherein the second drive wheel by switching the changeover switch on the motor side while adjusting the generated electric voltage of the generator to a first voltage and driven by a motor, when regeneration is required to stop the power generation by the generator A hybrid vehicle in which the electric power generated by the motor is reduced to a second voltage by the voltage adjusting means to charge the battery. 2. An engine that drives a first drive wheel, a generator that is driven by the engine and that generates power at a first voltage, and a first battery that is charged by the power generated by the generator. a motor for driving the second drive wheel by the electric power generated by the generator, a DC voltage converter for stepping down the voltage generation by the generator to the first second voltage lower than the voltage, the DC voltage converter A hybrid vehicle equipped with a second battery connected to a power supply unit and supplied with electric power by the stepped-down voltage and an electric load, wherein the electric power generated by the generator when assisting by the motor or regeneration is unnecessary. at least a second battery to charge, when the assist is required, the change amount of the throttle opening and the vehicle by
When speed is detected, it is judged whether it is acceleration or not, and if acceleration is required,
And wherein it is to drive the motor by electric power generated in the generator, when the regeneration is required to stop the power generation by the generator to charge at least the second battery by the electric power generated in the motor Hybrid vehicle that does.