JP3533920B2 - Power supply unit using magnet type alternator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply device for supplying DC power to a load by the output of a magnet type AC generator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a power supply device used for a vehicle or the like driven by an internal combustion engine, a power supply device adapted to convert the output of a magnet type AC generator driven by the internal combustion engine into a direct current through a rectifying circuit is widely adopted. .

As is well known, a magnet type AC generator (hereinafter also simply referred to as a magnet generator) is composed of a rotor having a magnet field and a stator having an armature coil. An AC voltage is induced in an armature coil due to a change in magnetic flux that accompanies a prime mover such as an internal combustion engine and that occurs as the rotor rotates.

In a power supply device using a generator as a power source,
In order to protect the load, it may be necessary to throttle the output of the generator or disconnect the load from the generator. In particular, when a magneto generator driven by an internal combustion engine mounted on a vehicle is used as a power source, the revolution speed of the generator significantly changes as the revolution speed of the engine changes, and the output of the generator is Since it increases as the rotation speed increases,
In order to protect the load, it is necessary to control the generator output so as to keep it below the set value.

Even when the magneto generator is operated at a constant rotational speed, the voltage across the load becomes excessive, the load current becomes excessive, and the temperature of the load exceeds an allowable value depending on the load condition. If it exceeds, it is necessary to suppress the output of the generator.

Conventionally, as a method of controlling the output of the magneto generator, when it is detected that the state on the load side needs to suppress the output of the generator, the output terminals of the armature coils are Many methods of short-circuiting are used.

FIG. 12 shows a conventional power supply device which controls the output of a magnet generator by such a method. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a magnet generator driven by an internal combustion engine, and this magnet generator has star-connected three-phase armature coils 1u to 1w. Reference numeral 2 denotes diodes Du, Dv, Dw whose cathodes are commonly connected,
The anodes are commonly connected and the cathode is a diode Du,
A diode bridge full-wave rectification circuit consisting of diodes Dx, Dy, Dz connected to the anodes of Dv, Dw, respectively, at its AC input terminals (diodes Du, Dv,
Anode of Dw) and three-phase armature coils 1u, 1v, 1
The output terminal of w (the terminal on the non-neutral point side) is connected.
In this full-wave rectifier circuit 2, the common connection point of the cathodes of the diodes Du to Dw forming the upper side of the bridge and the common connection point of the anodes of the diodes Dx to Dz forming the lower side of the bridge are positive side DC output terminals, respectively. And a negative polarity side DC output terminal, and the battery 3 is connected as a load between these DC output terminals.

The output terminals of the three-phase armature coils 1u to 1w are respectively connected to the anodes of the output short-circuiting thyristors Thu to Thw which form the output short-circuiting switches, and the cathodes of these thyristors are commonly connected to form a rectifier circuit. It is connected to the common connection point of the anodes of the diodes Dx to Dz forming the lower side of the second bridge.

The gates of the thyristors Thu to Thw are respectively connected through resistors R1u to R1w to output terminals of a switch control circuit 4 which generates a control signal when the voltage across the battery 3 exceeds a set value.

In the power supply device shown in FIG. 12, the thyristors Thu to Thw and the diodes Dx to Dz forming the lower side of the bridge of the rectifier circuit 2 substantially output the armature coils 1u to 1w of the magnet generator. An output short circuit is formed by short-circuiting with the thyristors Thu to Thw (switches for output short-circuiting) to allow a DC short-circuit current to flow.

When the magneto-generator 1 is rotationally driven in the power supply device shown in FIG. 12, the armature coils 1u to 1w receive 3 coils.
Phase AC output voltage is generated. This AC voltage is applied to the rectifier circuit 2
Is converted into a DC voltage by means of which the battery 3 is charged.

When the voltage across the battery 3 is less than the set value, the switch control circuit 4 does not generate a control signal, so that the thyristors Thu to T constituting the output short-circuiting switch are formed.
The hw does not conduct, and the output of the generator 1 is supplied to the battery 3 through the full-wave rectifier circuit 2 without any trouble. When the voltage across the battery 3 exceeds the set value, a control signal is given from the switch control circuit 4 to the thyristors Thu to Thw, so that of the thyristors Thu to Thw, the anode has a positive potential with respect to the cathode. Is conducted, and a DC short-circuit current flows through the conducted thyristor and one of the diodes Dx to Dz forming the lower side of the bridge of the rectifier circuit 2. As a result, the output voltage of the magneto-generator obtained at the output terminals of the armature coils 1u to 1w decreases, and the voltage across the battery 3 decreases. When the voltage across the battery 3 becomes less than or equal to the set value, the switch control circuit 4 stops outputting the control signal, so that the thyristors Thu to Thw enter the cutoff state when the anode current becomes less than the holding current, and the magnets The output short circuit of the generator is released. This increases the output of the magnet generator. By repeating these operations, the voltage applied to the battery 3 is maintained near the set value.

In order to protect the load, a control rectifier circuit is used as a rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the magnet generator.
When the terminal voltage of the load exceeds the set value or when the load current exceeds the set value, the thyristor that composes the controlled rectifier circuit is turned off to keep the terminal voltage and load current of the load below the set value. In some cases, it is controlled as follows. FIG.
Shows an example thereof, and in the figure, parts that are the same as the parts of the power supply device shown in FIG. 12 are given the same reference numerals.

In the power supply device shown in FIG. 13, the upper side of the bridge is composed of thyristors Thu 'to Thw',
A bridge-type control rectifier circuit 2'having diodes Dx to Dz on the lower side of the bridge is provided, and the output of the magneto-generator 1 is applied to the battery 3 as a load through the control rectifier circuit 2 '. Thyristor Thu '~ Thw'
The gate of is connected to the output terminal of the switch control circuit 4 which generates a control signal when the voltage across the battery 3 is below a set value.

In the power supply device shown in FIG. 13, a control signal is applied from the switch control circuit 4 to the gates of the thyristors Thu 'to Thw' when the voltage across the battery 3 is below a set value. Therefore, when the voltage across the battery 3 is less than or equal to the set value, among the thyristors Thu 'to Thw' of the control rectifier circuit 2 ', the thyristor whose anode is set to a positive potential with respect to the cathode is brought into conduction and the magnet generator 1 of The output is rectified, and the rectified output is supplied to the battery 3 to charge the battery. When the rotation speed of the generator rises and the voltage across the battery 3 exceeds the set value, the switch control circuit 4 stops outputting the control signal. Therefore, the thyristor Thu ′
~ Thw 'is in a cutoff state when each anode current becomes equal to or less than the holding current, and the controlled rectifier circuit 2'stops the output, and prevents a voltage exceeding the set value from being applied to the battery. .

[0016]

In the power supply device shown in FIG. 12, when the magneto-generator 1 is generating a high voltage, the thyristors Thu to Thw constituting the output short-circuiting switch are made conductive to reduce the short-circuit current. Thyristor Thu ~ Thw
As a result, it is necessary to use an expensive one having a large current capacity, which inevitably increases the cost of the device. Further, since the short-circuit current flowing through the thyristors Thu to Thw is large when adjusting the output voltage, heat generation from these thyristors increases, and it becomes necessary to provide a large heat sink for the thyristors Thu to Thw. There was also the problem that the device became larger.

Further, in the power supply device shown in FIG. 13, since the thyristors Thu 'to Thw' are shut off at the time of high rotation in which the no-load output voltage of the magnet generator is high, the high no-load voltage of the magnet generator is high. It is applied to Thu 'to Thw'. Therefore, it is necessary to use expensive thyristors Thu 'to Thw' having high withstand voltage, which inevitably increases the cost of the device.

An object of the present invention is to set a terminal voltage of a load by using a magnet generator equipped with a field adjusting exciting coil on the stator side as a power source without causing an excessive current to flow through an output short-circuiting switch. An object is to provide a power supply device capable of having a function of keeping the value or less.

[0019]

The present invention is applied to a power supply device that rectifies the output of a magnet type AC generator and supplies DC power to a load.

The power supply device according to the present invention comprises a magnet field and an armature coil on the rotor side and the stator side, respectively.
A magnet type AC generator having a stator side with a field adjusting exciting coil for flowing a field adjusting magnetic flux through the rotor side magnetic pole and the stator side magnetic pole when excited, and the magnet type AC generator The output of the armature coil of the magnet type AC generator is substantially short-circuited through a rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the electric machine and supplies it to the load, and an output short-circuiting switch that conducts when a control signal is given. An output short-circuit circuit that sends a DC short-circuit current through the short-circuit switch, and a switch that gives a control signal to the output short-circuit switch when it is detected that the condition on the load side needs to suppress the output of the generator. And a control circuit.

In the present invention, the field adjusting exciting coil is inserted in the middle of the output short circuit, and the field adjusting exciting coil is excited by the DC short circuit current flowing through the output short circuit switch of the output short circuit. To do so. Further, the magnet field of the rotor is configured to be demagnetized when the field adjusting exciting coil is excited by the DC short-circuit current to generate the field adjusting magnetic flux.

As described above, it is necessary to demagnetize the magnet field of the rotor when the field adjusting exciting coil is excited and to suppress the output of the generator on the load side. When a state occurs, the output of the generator is short-circuited.A field adjusting exciting coil is inserted in the middle of the output short circuit, and the field adjusting exciting coil is excited by the DC short-circuit current flowing through the output short circuit. With this configuration, when the output of the generator needs to be suppressed on the load side and the output of the generator is short-circuited, the field adjustment exciting coil is excited to demagnetize the magnet field of the rotor. Therefore, the output of the generator can be suppressed without causing a large short circuit current to flow through the output short circuit. Therefore, an inexpensive switch having a small current capacity can be used as the output short-circuiting switch provided in the output short-circuiting circuit, and the cost of the device can be reduced. Further, since the current flowing through the output short-circuiting switch can be limited, heat generation from the output short-circuiting switch can be reduced, and the heat sink provided for the output short-circuiting switch can be downsized to downsize the device. be able to.

In order to facilitate the adjustment of the magnet field by exciting the field adjusting exciting coil, the magneto-generator described above is formed into a substantially cup-like shape having a peripheral wall portion and a bottom wall portion. The rotor yoke is provided with a boss portion for mounting the rotary shaft in the center of the rotor yoke, and is fixed in the inner circumference of the peripheral wall portion of the rotor yoke in the state of being aligned in the circumferential direction of the rotor yoke, and the same in the radial direction. A plurality of arc-shaped permanent magnets magnetized with polarities, and an arc-shaped ferromagnetic block disposed between the plurality of permanent magnets and fixed to the inner circumference of the peripheral wall portion of the rotor yoke. An inner core of each permanent magnet and a ferromagnetic block constitutes a rotor side magnetic pole, an armature core having a stator side magnetic pole facing the rotor side magnetic pole, and the armature iron core. The armature coil mounted and the rotor side magnetic pole and stator side when excited Preferably constituted by a stator having a field adjusting excitation coil to flow a field adjusting magnetic flux through the poles.

As described above, when the rotor yoke of the magneto-generator is provided with the boss portion for mounting the rotary shaft on the bottom wall portion, the field adjusting exciting coil is provided with the boss portion of the rotor yoke. It can be constituted by a coil wound so as to concentrically surround it.

As the rectifying circuit, a diode bridge full-wave rectifying circuit which rectifies the output of the magnet type AC generator and supplies it to the load is usually used. In this case, the output short circuit
The output of the magnet type AC generator is passed through the output short-circuiting switch that conducts when a control signal is applied and the diode (diode provided on the negative DC output terminal side) that forms the lower side of the bridge of the diode bridge full-wave rectifier circuit. It can be configured to be substantially short-circuited so that a DC short-circuit current flows through the output short-circuiting switch and the diode forming the lower side of the bridge of the rectifier circuit.

In the present invention, the field adjusting exciting coil may be composed of a demagnetizing exciting coil and an increasing exciting coil. In this case, the demagnetization exciting coil is
Insert it in the middle of the output short circuit so that it will be excited by the DC short-circuit current flowing through the output short-circuit switch. The magnetizing exciting coil is inserted in the middle of the load current path so as to be excited by the DC load current flowing from the rectifier circuit through the load. In such a configuration, the magnet field is demagnetized when the demagnetizing excitation coil is excited and the field adjusting magnetic flux is generated, and the magnetizing exciting coil is excited to generate the field adjusting magnetic flux. It is configured to be magnetized when it occurs.

The demagnetizing exciting coil and the increasing magnetizing exciting coil may be individually wound coils, but a tap is pulled out from an intermediate portion of the coil which constitutes the field adjusting coil, A portion between one end of the coil and the tap and a portion between the other end of the coil and the tap can be used as the demagnetizing exciting coil and the increasing magnetizing exciting coil, respectively.

As described above, the field adjusting exciting coil is composed of the demagnetizing exciting coil and the increasing magnetizing exciting coil.
When a state in which the output of the generator is suppressed on the load side does not occur, a load current is passed through the exciting coil for magnetization, and when a state in which the output of the generator is suppressed on the load side occurs, a direct current that flows through the output short circuit When the short-circuit current is made to flow through the demagnetization exciting coil, the magnet field can be increased to increase the output of the generator when it is not necessary to suppress the output of the generator. In addition, when it is necessary to suppress the output of the generator on the load side, the output of the generator can be suppressed by exciting the demagnetizing exciting coil with the DC short-circuit current flowing through the output short-circuiting switch. The short-circuit current flowing through the power switch can be reduced.

The state on the load side where it is necessary to suppress the output of the generator is, for example, a state in which the voltage across the load exceeds an allowable value, a state in which the load current exceeds a limit value, or a temperature in the load is an allowable value. It is in a state of exceeding.

When the output of the generator is suppressed when the voltage across the load exceeds the allowable value, the switch control circuit includes a voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage across the load and the voltage detection circuit. The control signal generating circuit may generate a control signal when the voltage detected by exceeds the set value.

When the output of the generator is suppressed when the load current exceeds the limit value, the switch control circuit detects the load current by the load current detection circuit and the load current detection circuit. And a control signal generation circuit that generates a control signal when the load current exceeds the set value.

Further, when the output of the generator is suppressed when the temperature of the load exceeds the allowable value, the switch control circuit receives the output of the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the load as an input, and information of the temperature of the load. A temperature detection circuit that outputs a detection signal including the temperature detection circuit and a control signal generation circuit that generates a control signal when the detection signal obtained from the temperature detection circuit exceeds a set value.

[0033]

1 shows an example of the configuration of a power supply device according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, parts that are the same as the parts shown in FIG. 12 are given the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. It is attached. In the power supply device shown in FIG. 1, 1 is a magnet type AC generator, 2 is a rectifier circuit composed of a diode bridge full-wave rectifier circuit, and 3 is a battery.
It is configured similarly to the conventional power supply device shown in FIG. Although not shown, a load such as a lamp or an internal combustion engine ignition device is connected to the battery 3.

A field adjusting excitation coil 5 is provided on the stator side of the magnet generator 1, and when the excitation coil 5 is excited, the field adjustment is performed through the rotor side magnetic pole and the stator side magnetic pole. Magnetic flux for use flows.

Also in the power supply device shown in FIG. 1, similarly to the power supply device shown in FIG. 12, output short-circuiting switches are provided at the non-neutral side terminals of the armature coils 1u to 1w of the magnet generator 1. Short circuit thyristors Thu to T
The hw anodes are connected, and the cathodes of these thyristors are commonly connected to one end of the field adjusting exciting coil 5. The other end of the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is connected to the output terminal on the negative side of the rectifier circuit 2 (a common connection point of the anodes of the diodes Dx to Dz forming the lower side of the bridge of the rectifier circuit 2), and the output shorting thyristor is connected. The outputs of the armature coils 1u to 1w of the magnet generator are substantially short-circuited by Thu to Thw, the field adjusting excitation coil 5 and the diodes Dx to Dz to form thyristors Thu to Thw (output short-circuiting switches). An output short circuit is configured to flow a DC short circuit current through the field adjusting exciting coil.

That is, in the power supply device shown in FIG. 1, the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is inserted in the middle of the output short circuit so as to be excited by the DC short-circuit current flowing through the output short-circuiting switch.

In this example, when a DC short circuit current flows in the output short circuit and the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is excited,
The magnet field is configured so that the magnet field provided in the rotor of the magneto generator 1 is demagnetized.

The switch control circuit 4 for controlling the output short-circuiting thyristors Thu to Thw includes a photocoupler including a light emitting diode PD1 and a phototransistor PTr1.
A Zener diode ZD1 having a cathode connected between the anode of the light emitting diode PD1 and the positive terminal of the battery 3 with the cathode facing the positive terminal of the battery, and a Zener diode ZD1 connected between the collector of the phototransistor PTr1 and the positive terminal of the battery. It consists of a resistor R2 and a phototransistor PT
The emitter of r1 is connected to the gates of the output shorting thyristors Thu to Thw through resistors R1u to R1w, respectively.

In this example, a series circuit of a Zener diode ZD1 and a light emitting diode PD1 whose cathode is directed to the positive terminal side of the battery 3 constitutes a voltage detection circuit 4a for detecting the voltage across the battery 3 and the light emitting diode PD1. The phototransistor PTr1 that detects the light generated by the PD1 and conducts it, and the resistor R2 that connects the collector of the phototransistor PTr1 to the positive terminal of the battery 3 constitute a control signal generation circuit 4c.

The magnet generator used in the power supply device shown in FIG. 1 is constructed as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, for example. Figure 6
In the magneto generator shown in FIG. 7, the rotor side is configured to have 2n poles (n = 6 in the illustrated example) and the stator side is configured to have 3n poles, and two adjacent rotor side magnetic poles are circumferentially arranged. A three-phase AC output is obtained by opposing three magnetic poles on the side of the stator that are continuously arranged in line with each other. In FIGS. 6 and 7, 10 is a rotor and 11 is a stator.

The rotor 10 includes a peripheral wall portion 12a and a bottom wall portion 12
a bottom wall portion 1 formed in a substantially cup-like shape having
An iron rotor yoke 12 provided with a boss portion 12c1 for mounting a rotary shaft at the center of 2b and an inner peripheral wall portion of the rotor yoke 12 in a state of being arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor yoke 12. N fixed to the circumference and magnetized with the same polarity in the radial direction
(N = 6 in the illustrated example) arc-shaped permanent magnets M1 and M
, ..., M6 and arc-shaped ferromagnetic blocks m1, m2, ..., M6 arranged between the plurality of permanent magnets and fixed to the inner circumference of the peripheral wall of the rotor yoke 12. There is. In this rotor, the permanent magnets M1 to M6 and the ferromagnetic material blocks m1 to m6 form a magnetic field having 12 poles, and the inner peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnets M1 to M6 and the ferromagnetic material blocks m1 to m6. The inner peripheral surface of the rotor constitutes the rotor-side magnetic pole.

The illustrated rotor yoke 12 has a peripheral wall portion 12a.
And a bottom wall portion 12b, and a boss member 12c attached to the bottom wall portion of the yoke body. The yoke main body is formed by drawing an iron plate into a cup shape, and has a hole 12b1 formed in the center of the bottom wall 12b. The boss member 12c has a cylindrical boss portion 12
c1 and a flange portion 12c2 provided on one end side in the axial direction of the boss portion, and the boss portion 12c1 passes through a hole 12b1 provided at the center of the bottom wall portion 12b of the rotor yoke 12 and the peripheral wall portion 12a. And is arranged concentrically with the peripheral wall portion, and the flange portion 12c2 is riveted to the bottom wall portion 12b of the rotor yoke. A tapered shaft fitting hole is formed inside the boss portion 12c1, and a tapered portion provided at the tip of a rotary shaft of an internal combustion engine (not shown) is fitted into the shaft fitting hole to thereby form a rotor. The yoke 12 is attached to the rotary shaft of the engine. In the illustrated example, the direction of the taper of the shaft fitting hole inside the boss portion 12c1 is such that the rotor yoke 12 can be attached to the rotating shaft of the engine with its opening facing the case of the engine. Is set.

The permanent magnets M1 to M6 are formed in an arc shape and are arranged at equal angular intervals on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion 12a of the rotor yoke 12 and fixed to the peripheral wall portion 12a by adhesion. In the illustrated example, the permanent magnets are magnetized in the radial direction of the rotor yoke 12 with the same polarity so that the N pole and the S pole appear on the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of each permanent magnet, respectively.

The ferromagnetic blocks m1 to m6 are made of iron pieces formed in an arc shape, and like the permanent magnets M1 to M6, the peripheral wall portion 12a of the rotor yoke 12 is adhered or the like.
The magnetic pole (N pole) opposite in polarity to the magnetic pole (S pole in the illustrated example) on the inner circumferential side of the adjacent permanent magnet appears on the inner circumferential surface of each ferromagnetic block.

The stator 11 includes an armature core 15, armature coils 1u to 1w wound around the armature core, and a field adjusting excitation coil 5 fixed to the armature core 15. Has become.

The armature core 15 has a structure in which 3n (18 in the illustrated example) tooth portions T1, T2, ..., T18 are radially projected from the outer peripheral portion of the yoke portion 15a formed in an annular shape. In this example, the star-shaped annular core has three tooth portions arranged in a row, and a total of six tooth portion groups (T1
.About.T3), (T4 to T6), ..., (T16 to T18), and U-phase to W-phase unit armature coils 1u 'to 1w' are respectively formed on the three tooth portions constituting each tooth group. Concentrated winding. Then, the unit armature coils of each phase are connected in series, parallel or series-parallel according to the purpose of use of the generator to form the armature coils of each phase, and the unit armature coils of three phases are star-connected or Triangular connection (star connection in the illustrated example) is performed, and the output terminal is derived from the three-phase armature coil.

The stator 11 shown in the drawing is attached to the inside of a cover (not shown) that covers the outlet side of the rotary shaft of the engine.
A stator-side magnetic pole portion, which is arranged concentrically with the rotor inside the rotor 10 and is formed at a tip of each tooth portion of the armature core 15, faces a magnetic pole on the rotor 10 side with a predetermined gap. To be made.

The field adjusting exciting coil 5 is wound around an annular bobbin 17 formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the boss portion 12c1 via a gap. The bobbin 17 around which the exciting coil 5 is wound is fixed to the armature core in a state of being fitted in an annular recess 15c formed at one end side in the axial direction of the yoke portion 15a of the armature core 15. The boss 12
It is arranged so as to concentrically surround the outer circumference of c1.

In the magneto-generator shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the rotor 10 rotates, magnetic fluxes interlinking with the unit armature coils constituting the armature coils 1u to 1w of the stator 11 alternate. , Three-phase AC voltages are induced in the armature coils 1u to 1w.

The AC voltage induced in the armature coils 1u to 1w is rectified by the rectifier circuit 2 and supplied to the battery 3, which charges the battery 3. When the voltage across the battery 3 is less than or equal to the set value determined by the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD1, the Zener diode ZD1 does not conduct, so the phototransistor PTr1
Does not conduct, and the control signal generation circuit 4b does not generate a control signal. In this state, the output short circuit thyristors Thu to Thw
Since no trigger signal is given to the thyristors and these thyristors do not conduct, the output of the generator 1 is given as it is to the battery 3 (load) through the rectifier circuit 2.

When the voltage across the battery 3 exceeds the set value due to the progress of the charging of the battery 3 or the rotation speed of the generator, the Zener diode ZD1 becomes conductive and the light emitting diode PD1 emits light. , The phototransistor PTr1 becomes conductive. Therefore, the resistance R from the battery 3
A control signal is output through 2 and the phototransistor PTr1 and a trigger signal is applied to the gates of the thyristors Thu to Thw. Therefore, among the thyristors Thu to Thw, the thyristor whose anode has a positive potential with respect to the cathode is conductive, and the thyristor is conductive, the field adjusting excitation coil 5, and the lower side of the bridge of the rectifier circuit 2 are formed. A DC short circuit current flows through any of the diodes Dx to Dz. As a result, the output voltage of the magneto-generator obtained at the output terminals of the armature coils 1u to 1w is reduced, and the battery 3
The voltage across it is reduced. When the voltage across the battery 3 becomes less than or equal to the set value, the switch control circuit 4 stops outputting the control signal, so that the thyristors Thu to Thw enter the cutoff state when the anode current becomes less than the holding current, and the magnets The output short circuit of the generator is released. This increases the output of the magnet generator. By repeating these operations, the voltage applied to the battery 3 is maintained near the set value.

When the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is excited by the direct current flowing through the output short-circuiting thyristors Thu to Thw, the field adjusting magnetic flux Φ generated from the exciting coil 5 becomes as shown in FIG. Boss portion 12c1-armature core 15
Salient pole portion 15b (stator side magnetic pole) -ferromagnetic material block 1
4 (rotor-side magnetic pole) -the rotor yoke peripheral wall portion 12a-bottom wall portion 12b-boss portion 12c1. In the power supply device shown in FIG. 1, the field adjusting magnetic flux Φ flows so as to flow in the direction opposite to the magnetic flux flowing from each permanent magnet 13 through the adjacent ferromagnetic block 14 (to demagnetize the magnet field). ) Since the winding direction of the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is set, when the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is excited, the amount of magnetic flux interlinking with each armature coil decreases, and the output of the generator is reduced. Is lowered.

Assuming that the output voltage E vs. output current I characteristic of the magnet generator in the state where the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is not excited is as shown by the curve A in FIG. 11, the terminal voltage is 14 [V ], The charging current flowing through the battery 3 becomes IA, and the short-circuit current flowing when the output short-circuit thyristors Thu to Thw become conductive becomes IS. On the other hand, the output voltage E vs. output current I characteristic of the magneto-generator when the field adjusting excitation coil 5 is excited is as shown by the curve C in FIG. 11, and the output short circuit thyristors Thu to Thw are conducted. The short-circuit current that sometimes flows is IC. This short-circuit current IC is significantly limited as compared with the short-circuit current IS that flows when the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is not excited.

In this way, the output short circuit thyristor Thu ~
Since the short-circuit current that flows when the Thw is conducted is limited to a small value, those thyristors having a smaller current capacity than the conventional one can be used. Further, since the heat generation from these thyristors can be suppressed, the heat sinks attached to the thyristors Thu to Thw can be downsized, and the power supply device can be downsized as compared with the conventional one.

In the magneto-generator shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the rotor side has 2n poles (n = 1, 2, ...) And the stator side has 3n poles. Although unit armature coils are concentratedly wound around the portion, the present invention is not necessarily limited to such a configuration.

8 and 9 show an example of the construction of another magnet generator which can be used in the present invention. In FIGS. 8 and 9, 10 is a rotor and 11 is a stator. In this example, the rotor 10 is composed of four permanent magnets M1 to M4 and four ferromagnetic material blocks m1 to m4 so as to have eight poles. Further, the armature core 15 has 24 teeth (stator-side magnetic poles) T1, T2, ..., T24 and slots SL on the outer periphery.
An annular core having 1, SL2, ..., SL24 is used. The unit armature coils constituting the U-, V-, and W-phase armature coils are first unit coils 1u1 ', 1v1', and 1w1 'wound over three tooth portions, respectively, and The second unit coil 1u2 ′ wound so as to straddle the other three tooth portions adjacent to the three tooth portions which the one unit coil straddles,
It consists of 1v2 'and 1w2' connected in series. Here, the first unit coil and the second unit coil are wound in different winding directions, and the unit armature coils of adjacent phases are also wound in different winding directions. .

FIG. 10 shows the winding structure of the magneto-generator of FIGS. 8 and 9 by taking the U-phase unit armature coil 1u 'as an example. In this example, three tooth portions T1 to T3 are provided. The first unit coil 1u1 'is wound through the slots SL1 and SL4 so as to straddle, and the three tooth portions T4 adjacent to one side (the delay side with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor) of the three tooth portions T1 to T3. The second unit coil 1u2 'passes through the slots SL4 and SL7 so as to extend from the first position to the first position in the winding direction.
It is wound differently from the unit coil 1u1 '. First
The unit coil 1u1 'and the second unit coil 1u2' are connected in series via a connecting wire, and the unit armature coil 1u 'of U phase is formed by these first and second unit coils 1u1' and 1u2 '. It is configured.

Although not shown in FIG. 10, the V-phase unit armature coil has a slot S extending over the teeth T2 to T4.
U-phase first unit coil 1u1 'through L2 and SL5
The first unit coil 1v1 'wound in the opposite direction to the first unit coil 1v1' and the second unit coil 1v1 'wound in the opposite direction through the slots SL5 and SL8 so as to straddle the tooth portions T5 to T7.
The unit coil 1v2 'is connected in series.

The W-phase unit armature coil has a tooth portion T3.
The first unit coil 1w1 'wound in the opposite direction to the V-phase first unit coil 1v1' through the slots SL3 and SL6 so as to straddle the slots T6 to T5, and the slot SL6 so as to straddle the teeth T6 to T8. And 1st unit coil 1 through SL9
It is configured by connecting w1 ′ and a second unit coil 1w2 ′ wound in the opposite direction in series.

In the magnet generator shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is wound around the annular bobbin 17 as in the magnet generator shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
The armature core 15 is fitted and held in a recess 15c provided in the core 15.

The 24 dash-dotted lines radially shown in FIG. 8 indicate the center positions of the tooth portions provided on the armature core 15, and among these dash-dotted lines, the rotor 10 is shown. The eight long and short dash-dotted lines displayed so as to project outward from the outer circumference respectively indicate the centers of the magnetic poles of the rotor.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the battery 3 is used as a load to supply the charging current to the battery, but the present invention can also be applied to the case where power is supplied to a DC load other than the battery. Of course.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the switch control circuit 4 detects the voltage across the battery 3 (load), and when the detected voltage exceeds a set value, generates a control signal and outputs it. Although the short-circuit thyristors Thu to Thw are configured to be conductive, the switch control circuit may be configured to detect a load current and generate a control signal when the load current exceeds a set value.

In FIG. 2, a resistor load RL is connected between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 2, and a switch control circuit 4 is provided so as to generate a control signal when the load current flowing through the resistor load RL exceeds a set value. The configuration when configured is shown.
In this example, the current transformer C is used as a detector for detecting the load current.
T is provided and the output of the current transformer CT is input to the switch control circuit 4. The switch control circuit 4 generates a control signal when a load current detection circuit that outputs a detection signal including load current information from the output of the current transformer CT and an output signal of the load current detection circuit exceeds a set value. And a control signal generating circuit.

The present invention is not limited to the case where the output of the generator is short-circuited to protect the load when the terminal voltage or the load current of the load exceeds the set value. It can be widely applied to the case where the output of the generator is short-circuited to protect the load when it becomes necessary to suppress the load. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a temperature sensor 20 that detects the temperature of the load L is provided, and when the temperature of the load detected by the temperature sensor exceeds an allowable value, the output of the generator is short-circuited to load the load. The present invention can be applied to the case of protecting In this case, the switch control circuit 4
A temperature detection circuit that outputs a detection signal including the temperature information of the load L from the output of the temperature sensor 20, and a control signal generation that generates a control signal when the detection signal output from the temperature detection circuit exceeds a set value. And a circuit.

In the above example, the magnetic field of the rotor 10 is demagnetized when the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is excited. However, the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is demagnetized. The coil and the exciting coil for increasing magnetization, the exciting coil for demagnetizing is inserted in the middle of the output short-circuit circuit so as to be excited by the DC short-circuit current flowing through the output short-circuiting switch as in the above example, The exciting coil for magnetizing may be inserted in the middle of the path of the load current so as to be excited by the DC load current flowing from the rectifier circuit 2 through the load. In this case, when the demagnetizing excitation coil is excited, the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic field magnetic pole and the stator side magnetic pole is reduced, and when the increasing magnetic excitation coil is excited, the magnetic field magnetic pole The winding directions of the demagnetizing exciting coil and the increasing magnetic exciting coil are set so that the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic poles on the stator side increases.

FIG. 4 shows a constitutional example of a power supply device in the case where the demagnetizing exciting coil and the increasing magnetizing exciting coil are provided as described above. In this example, the intermediate of the field adjusting exciting coil 5 is shown. A tap t is pulled out from the portion, the portion between the tap t and one end of the coil 5 is used as the demagnetization excitation coil 5A, and the portion between the tap t and the other end of the coil 5 is used for the demagnetization excitation. It is used as the coil 5B. As in the example shown in FIG. 1, the demagnetizing exciting coil 5A is inserted in the middle of the output short circuit and is excited by the DC short-circuit current. The increasing exciting coil 5B is the negative terminal of the battery 3. Between the negative side output terminal of the rectifier circuit 2 and
The battery 3 is charged by the charging current (load current) of the battery 3. The other points are configured in exactly the same manner as the example shown in FIG.

In the power supply device shown in FIG. 4, when the voltage across the battery 3 is below the set value, the exciting coil 5B for magnetizing is increased.
Are charged by the charging current of the battery 3. When the exciting coil 5B for magnetization is excited, a magnetic flux for field adjustment in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux Φ for field adjustment shown in FIG. 7 flows, and the magnet field of the rotor is increased. At this time, the output voltage E vs. output current I characteristic of the generator changes from curve A to curve B in FIG. 11, and the output current of the magneto generator 1 is increased to IB and supplied to the battery 3. The charging current is increased. When the charging of the battery 3 progresses (or the rotation speed of the generator increases) and the voltage across the battery 3 exceeds the set value, the switch control circuit 4 causes the output short circuit thyristor Thu ~.
Since a trigger signal is given to Thw, these thyristors conduct and short-circuit the output of the generator, and the demagnetization exciting coil 5A
Excitation current is applied to. When the output of the magneto-generator is short-circuited due to conduction of the thyristors Thu to Thw, current is no longer supplied to the battery 3 (load) side, so the magnetizing excitation coil 5
B is not excited. Therefore, the magnet field of the rotor 10 is demagnetized, and the output of the magnet generator is suppressed.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which the demagnetizing exciting coil 5A and the increasing magnetizing exciting coil 5B are provided when power is supplied from the magnet generator 1 to the resistance load RL through the rectifier circuit 2. The configuration is the same as that of the example shown in FIG. 2 except that the demagnetization exciting coil 5A and the increasing magnetization exciting coil 5B constitute the field adjusting exciting coil 5.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, when the magnet field of the rotor 10 of the magneto generator is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets and a ferromagnetic material arranged between the plurality of permanent magnets, Since the magnetic flux for magnetizing and the magnetic flux for demagnetizing can be made to flow from the field adjusting exciting coil through the ferromagnetic material, the magnet field can be easily magnetized and demagnetized.

However, in the present invention, it suffices if the magnet field can be magnetized or demagnetized by flowing the field adjusting magnetic flux from the field adjusting exciting coil to the magnetic field of the magnet field. As described above, the present invention is not limited to the case where a non-magnetized magnetic pole made of a ferromagnetic material is provided between a plurality of permanent magnets.

For example, when all the magnetic poles of the magnet field are composed of permanent magnets, if all the permanent magnets have the same amount of magnetization, the permanent magnets adjacent to each other when the field adjusting exciting coils are excited. Since one side is demagnetized and the other side is increased, the magnet field is neither demagnetized nor magnetized as a whole, but when all the magnetic poles of the magnet field are composed of permanent magnets ( For example, when the ferromagnetic materials m1 to m6 in the example of FIGS. 6 and 7 are replaced with permanent magnets magnetized to the opposite polarities to the permanent magnets M1 to M6), the ferromagnetic material m1
The volume of the permanent magnet replaced with ~ m6 is the permanent magnet M1 ~ M
A magnetic flux having a polarity that cancels out the magnetic flux flowing through the permanent magnets M1 to M6 having a larger volume by making the volume smaller than that of 6 (a polarity that increases the magnetic flux flowing through the permanent magnets replaced with the ferromagnetic bodies m1 to m6). By generating from the field adjustment exciting coil 5, the magnet field can be demagnetized and the output of the generator can be suppressed. That is, the ferromagnetic material m1
The volume of the permanent magnet replaced with ~ m6 is the permanent magnet M1 ~ M
Permanent magnets M1 to M6 are kept smaller than the volume of 6
When a magnetic flux having a polarity that cancels the magnetic flux flowing through the field-exciting coil 5 is generated, the permanent magnets M1 to M6 replaced with the permanent magnets M1 to m6 are magnetically saturated and the permanent magnets M1 to M are magnetically saturated.
Since the magnetic flux flowing through 6 can be reduced, the magnet field can be demagnetized.

In the above example, the thyristors Thu to Thw are used as the output short-circuiting switches, but a bypasser transistor or FET can be used instead of these thyristors.

In the above example, the diode Dx forming the lower side of the output short-circuiting switch and the bridge of the rectifier circuit 2 is used.
Although the output of the generator is short-circuited through ~ Dz, if the armature coils 1u to 1w are star-connected, output short-circuit switches are connected in parallel at both ends of each phase armature coil. You may do it. However, when the output shorting switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the armature coil of each phase, a unidirectional switch element such as a thyristor is used as the output shorting switch, or It is necessary to use such a bidirectional switch element in which a diode is connected in series as an output short-circuit switch.

[0075]

As described above, the invention described in claim 1
According to this, while the field adjusting exciting coil is excited, the magnet field of the rotor is demagnetized , and
DC short-circuit that flows through the output short-circuit by inserting a field adjusting excitation coil in the middle of the output short-circuit that short-circuits the output of the generator when a condition in which it is necessary to suppress the output of the generator on the load side occurs Since the field adjustment excitation coil is configured to be excited by the current, when the output of the generator is short-circuited due to the condition that the output of the generator needs to be suppressed on the load side, the excitation for field adjustment is excited. It is possible to suppress the output of the generator by exciting the coil and demagnetizing the magnet field of the rotor to prevent a large short circuit current from flowing through the output short circuit. Therefore, an inexpensive switch having a small current capacity can be used as the output short-circuiting switch provided in the output short-circuiting circuit, and the cost of the device can be reduced. Further, since the current flowing through the output short-circuiting switch can be limited, the heat generation of the output short-circuiting switch can be reduced, and the heat sink provided for the output short-circuiting switch can be downsized to downsize the device. There is an advantage that can be.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the field adjusting exciting coil is composed of the demagnetizing exciting coil and the increasing exciting coil, and the output of the generator is suppressed on the load side. If the load current flows to the exciting coil for demagnetization when there is no occurrence, and if the output of the generator is suppressed on the load side, the DC short-circuit current flowing through the output short-circuit circuit should flow through the exciting coil for demagnetization. Therefore, when it is not necessary to suppress the output of the generator, it is possible to increase the output of the generator by magnetizing the magnet field, and it is necessary to suppress the output of the generator on the load side. When it happens,
The output of the generator can be short-circuited without passing a large short-circuit current to protect the load.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a power supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing another configuration example of the power supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing still another configuration example of the power supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing still another configuration example of the power supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing still another configuration example of the power supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a preferred configuration example of a magnet generator used in the present invention.

7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the magnet generator shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing another preferred configuration example of the magnet generator used in the present invention.

9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the magneto generator shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a winding configuration of the magneto generator shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of output voltage vs. output current characteristics of the magnet generator used in the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional power supply device.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing another configuration example of a conventional power supply device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Magnet type AC generator 2 Rectifier circuit 3 Battery (load) 4 Switch control circuit 5 Field adjusting exciting coil Thu to Thw Output short circuit thyristor (Output short circuit switch) RL Resistive load L load CT Current transformer

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Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A magnetic field and an armature coil are respectively provided on a rotor side and a stator side, and a field adjusting magnetic flux flows through the rotor side magnetic pole and the stator side magnetic pole when excited. Magnet-type AC generator equipped with a magnetizing excitation coil on the stator side, a rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the magnet-type AC generator and supplies it to a load, and an output that conducts when a control signal is applied. An output short circuit that substantially short-circuits the output of the armature coil of the magnet type AC generator through a short-circuiting switch and causes a DC short-circuit current to flow through the output short-circuiting switch, and the state of the load side is the output of the generator. And a switch control circuit that gives a control signal to the output short-circuiting switch when it is detected that a state in which it is necessary to suppress the field adjustment exciting coil is provided through the output short-circuiting switch. Is inserted in the middle of the output short circuit so as to be excited by the DC short-circuit current, and the magnetic field of the rotor of the magnet type AC generator is adjusted by exciting the field adjusting excitation coil. A power supply device using a magnet type AC generator, which is configured to be demagnetized when a magnetic flux is generated. 2. A magnetic field and an armature coil are respectively provided on a rotor side and a stator side, and when excited, a field adjusting magnetic flux flows through the rotor side magnetic pole and the stator side magnetic pole. Magnet-type AC generator equipped with a magnetic adjustment excitation coil on the stator side, a rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the magnet-type AC generator and supplies it to a load, and an output that conducts when a control signal is applied. An output short circuit that substantially short-circuits the output of the armature coil of the magnet type AC generator through a short-circuiting switch and causes a DC short-circuit current to flow through the output short-circuiting switch, and the state of the load side is the output of the generator. And a switch control circuit that gives a control signal to the output short-circuiting switch when it is detected that a state in which it is necessary to suppress the field adjustment exciting coil is a demagnetizing exciting coil. Excitation coil for increasing magnetization The demagnetization exciting coil is inserted in the middle of the output short-circuit circuit so as to be excited by the DC short-circuit current flowing through the output short-circuiting switch, and the increasing magnetization exciting coil is connected from the rectifying circuit. The magnet field of the rotor of the magnet type AC generator is inserted in the middle of the path of the load current so as to be excited by the DC load current flowing through the load. A magnet type alternating current, characterized in that it is demagnetized when an adjusting magnetic flux is generated, and is increased when the field exciting magnetic flux is excited to generate a field adjusting magnetic flux. Power supply device using a generator.