JP3534353B2 - Fire resistant structure of building unit - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fireproof structure of a building unit constituting a unit building. BACKGROUND ART A building by a unit construction method is built by combining building units produced in a factory in advance at a construction site. Building units are erected at the four corners.
It is provided with a framework consisting of four pillars and four upper beams and lower beams connecting the upper and lower ends of these pillars. The framework includes ceiling materials, floor materials, outer walls and inner walls, and the like. It is attached to form a box. Conventionally, all frame members such as columns and beams of such a building unit are made of steel. [0003] However, if all the frame members such as columns and beams are made of steel, the weight of the frame of the building unit and hence the weight of the building unit is increased. In order to reduce the weight of the entire building unit or to eliminate the need for brackets, etc., for the reason that mounting fixtures etc. for structures are required, some framework members are made of aluminum (aluminum, hereinafter referred to as aluminum). Buildings made of aluminum alloy or aluminum alloy are conceivable. It is also conceivable to use such a building unit in a unit-type apartment house or the like, and in this case, the building unit is required to have fire resistance performance specified by law. [0004] By the way, in a fire-resistant structure of a conventional building unit in which all frame members such as columns and beams are made of steel, the outer periphery of the columns and beams is, for example, a calcium silicate plate. (Caical plate) and the like. However, if some of the building units are made of steel and the rest are made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, the aluminum or aluminum alloy framing members have the same performance as the steel framing members. When aluminum or aluminum alloy is used, the melting point of aluminum or aluminum alloy is lower than that of steel and the heat resistance is inferior. There is a problem that the unit cannot be used for a predetermined purpose such as an apartment house. One object of the present invention is to provide a building unit in which some of the framing members are made of steel and the other framing members are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. An object of the present invention is to provide a fireproof structure of a building unit which can be secured and used for a predetermined use such as an apartment house. It is another object of the present invention to provide a fireproof structure of a building unit which can simplify the work of coating a frame member with a fireproof member and can reduce the number of fireproof members. . [0007] Means for Solving the Problems] refractory structure of building units according to the present invention is constituted by frame members comprising the columns and beams, a portion of the pillar is a framework member remaining framework made of steel A fireproof structure of a building unit having a framework in which a beam as a member is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, wherein the beam is
That aluminum or framework member made of aluminum alloy, with the pillar
There is provided a fire protection of high fire resistance than refractory coating provided on the frame members made of steel, which is the pillar the refractory coating of iron or steel framing members formed of a layer of refractory member, the aluminum or aluminum alloy Each of the frame members that are beams
The fireproof coating, the lowermost fireproof coating is a fireproof paint
And aluminum or aluminum alloy
Of the gold beams, the upper beam is covered with soft refractory material and the lower beam is
It is characterized by being coated with a hard refractory material . Further, in the fire-resistant structure of the building unit,
The lowermost fireproof coating of the aluminum or aluminum alloy framing member may be a fireproof paint. According to the present invention, the frame member made of aluminum or aluminum alloy , which is a beam, is provided with a fire-resistant coating having higher fire resistance than the fire-resistant coating of the steel frame member. Therefore, even if the heat resistance of the aluminum or aluminum alloy framing member itself is lower than the heat resistance of the steel framing member, the coating with high fire resistance performance has the same or almost the same fire resistance performance as the steel framing member. Thus, even if some of the frame members are building units whose beams are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, they can be used for a predetermined application such as an apartment house. In addition, fireproof coating of beam material
The lowermost layer is made of fireproof paint, and the upper beam is made of soft fireproof material.
The required rigid resistance in the lower beams of the upper floor units
Well compatible with fire materials and improved fire resistance between upper and lower beams
Can be made. In the fire-resistant structure of the building unit,
If the lowermost fireproof coating of the aluminum or aluminum alloy framing member is a fireproof coating, this fireproof coating only needs to be applied to the framing member, and the framing member is coated in multiple layers with a refractory material such as a caical plate. This eliminates the need to perform the work, thereby simplifying the work. Furthermore, even when the fire-resistant paint is applied, the outer dimensions of the frame member itself including the paint remain almost unchanged even after the fire-resistant paint is applied, so that the outer periphery of the fire-resistant paint is coated. The refractory member can be made substantially the same size and structure as when directly covering the outer periphery of the framing member, whereby the size of the refractory member can be reduced as a whole, and the number of refractory members can be reduced. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a unit-type building 1 includes a plurality of lower-floor building units 2 installed on a foundation (not shown).
And a plurality of upper-floor building units 3 placed on these lower-floor building units 2. The lower-floor building unit 2 has four pillars 4 erected at the four corners, and four pillars 4 connecting the upper ends of the pillars 4 to each other.
The frame 7 includes a top beam 5 and four bottom beams 6 connecting the lower ends of the columns 4 to each other. Here, the pillar 4 constituting the frame 7 is made of steel, and the upper beam 5 and the lower beam 6
All are made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. Although the framework of the lower-floor building unit 2 and the upper-floor building unit 3 shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 1 is not shown, these units have the same configuration as the lower-floor building unit 2 described above.
Description of the structure such as is omitted. FIG. 2 shows upper beams 5, 5 of lower building units 2A, 2B adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, and upper building units 3A, 3 installed on these building units 2A, 2B.
The refractory structure with the lower beams 6, 6 of B is shown. Each of the upper beams 5 of the lower-floor building units 2A and 2B and each of the lower beams 6 of the upper-floor building units 3A and 3B are formed into a rectangular tube having a vertically long section by extrusion. However, on the lower surface of each lower beam 6 of the upper-floor building units 3A, 3B, there are provided projections 8, 8, which protrude horizontally toward the interior of the room and extend in the longitudinal direction of each lower beam 6, respectively. The projection 8 of
The lower beams 6 are integrally formed during extrusion molding. In each of the upper beams 5 of the lower-floor building units 2A and 2B and the lower beams 6 of the upper-floor building units 3A and 3B, the outer peripheral surface of each of the beams 5 and 6 has a full length in a factory. A refractory paint 10 is applied over the entire surface, and the paint 10 constitutes a lowermost layer. Here, as the fire-resistant paint 10, for example, a fire-resistant paint in which a water-soluble silicate aqueous solution or the like is used as a binder and an aggregate of a synthetic polymer foam is mixed, a polyhydric alcohol,
Foamable fire-resistant paint obtained by blending low-pressure linear polyethylene, specific copolymer and halogen compound with foaming flame retardant consisting of foaming agent and dehydrating agent, having polyborosiloxane resin and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring Known are fire-resistant paints composed of heat-resistant synthetic resins, inorganic fillers and organic solvents, or those containing specific proportions of acrylate resins, halogen compounds, phosphate frit, inorganic fillers, and incombustible fibers. In the examples, any of these are used. As shown in FIG. 2, the lower-floor building unit 2A
A soft refractory material 11 such as a flex guard (trade name, manufactured by Nichias Corporation) is attached to the upper beam 5 at the factory, and the soft refractory material 11 is attached to the bottom surface of the upper beam 5 and the side surface on the indoor side. And one end 11A is inserted into the gap 12 between the upper beam 5 of the adjacent building unit 2B and the other end 11B.
Is horizontal from the upper surface of the upper beam 5 of the building unit 2A, and
It is bent to the indoor side. The upper beam 5 of the building unit 2B is also provided with a soft refractory material 13 of the same material as the soft refractory material 11 at the factory, and the soft refractory material 13 is attached to the upper beam 5 of the building unit 2B. While covering the bottom surface of the
One end 13A extends from the bottom of the soft refractory material 11 to one end 1
The other end 13 </ b> B is bent horizontally from the upper surface of the upper beam 5 and toward the room side. Therefore, in the upper beams 5 of the lower-floor building units 2A and 2B, the fireproof paint 10 and the soft fireproof materials 11 and 13 constitute a two-layer fireproof member. Note that the ceiling members 14, 14 of the lower-floor building units 2A, 2B are attached to small beams 15, 15 at a factory, and a connection ceiling member 16 is disposed between such ceiling members 14 at the site. Further, each beam 15 is fixed to each beam 15 by nailing or the like. On each protruding portion 8 of each lower beam 6 in the upper-floor building units 3A and 3B, fire-resistant flooring materials 20 and 20 made of, for example, lightweight cellular concrete are placed at the factory, respectively. On the side surface of each lower beam 6 above these refractory floor panel materials 20, a calcium silicate plate (silical plate), an asbestos cement plate, a plurality of laminated gypsum boards,
Hard side refractory material 2 made of lightweight cellular concrete etc.
2 and 23 are respectively attached by nailing at a factory. The fire resistance of the side refractory materials 22 and 23 is almost the same as the fire resistance of the soft refractory materials 11 and 13. Also, the lower surface of each refractory floor material 20 is configured to contact the upper surfaces of the horizontal portions of the soft refractory materials 11 and 13 at the construction site, so that the upper surface of each upper beam 5 and each lower beam 6 Is completely covered with fireproof. Each of the refractory floor panels 20 and the refractory paint 10 constitute a two-layer refractory member at a portion where the refractory floor member 20 abuts on each lower beam 6. Between the upper surfaces of the lower beams 6 of the upper-floor building units 3A and 3B, these units 3A and 3B are installed on the lower-floor building units 2A and 2B at the site, and then the side refractory materials 22, 23, the both ends of which are in contact with each other, and the horizontal refractory material 2 made of the same material as the side refractory materials 22, 23 is used.
4 can be attached. Therefore, in the lower beam 6 of the upper-floor building units 3A and 3B, the fireproof paint 10, the side fireproof materials 22 and 23, and the horizontal fireproof material 24 constitute a two-layer fireproof member. The floor members 25, 25 of the upper-floor building units 3A, 3B are previously attached to the joists 27, 27 at the factory.
Between the five, after the horizontal refractory material 24 is installed on site,
While the connecting floor member 29 is arranged between the floor members 25,
It is placed on the horizontal refractory material 24 and is fixed to each joist 27 by nailing or the like. FIG. 3 shows a unit-type building 1 in which four lower-floor building units 2 are arranged.
The fireproof structure at the corner where the convergence gathers is shown. Each pillar 4 is made of steel as described above, and each pillar 4 is provided with a single layer of fireproof member 35 on the two indoor side surfaces of each of the building units 2A to 2D by nailing or the like at a factory. This refractory member 35 is formed in an L-shaped cross section by two refractory materials 35A and 35B made of a caical plate, an asbestos cement plate, a plurality of laminated gypsum boards, lightweight cellular concrete, and the like. The end portions 35C and 35D of the refractory member 35 are retracted from the side surfaces of the pillars 4 where the refractory material 35 is not attached. The fire resistance of each of the refractory members 35 is substantially the same as the fire resistance of the side refractories 22 and 23 and the horizontal refractory 24. After assembling the building units 2A to 2D at the construction site, a connection refractory member 40 is provided between the adjacent columns 4 and 4. The connection refractory member 40 is arranged in both ends 35D of the refractory member 35, and is connected to the refractory member 35 and attached by nailing or the like. FIG. 4 shows the refractory structure of the upper part in FIG. 3, that is, the joint between the column and the beam. Soft refractory material 11, 1 attached to upper beam 5 of building units 2A, 2B
3 are bent along the corners of the column 4 and then abut against the side surfaces of the upper beams 5 ′ (oblique left and right sides in FIG. 4) orthogonal to the upper beams 5. Have been.
Then, one end portions 11C, 1 of the soft refractory materials 11, 13 are formed.
3C has a soft refractory material 1 attached to the upper beam 5 on the left and right sides.
The longitudinal ends of 1 'and 13' are in contact. The joints between the columns and the beams in the other building units 2C and 2D have the same structure as described above, and a description of the structure and the like will be omitted. Also, the upper end of each refractory member 35 attached to each column 4 presses the lower part of the soft refractory material 11, 13 or the like attached to each upper beam 5 upward to connect with the soft refractory material 11, 13 or the like. Have been. According to the above-described embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. That is, the upper beam 5 of the lower-floor building unit 2,
The lower beams 6 of the upper-floor building units 3A and 3B are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the upper beams 5 and the lower beams 6 are coated with a refractory paint 10 on the surfaces thereof.
Furthermore, a refractory member 3 covering the steel column 4
Soft refractory materials 11 and 13 having the same fire resistance performance as 5
Also, since the refractory floor surface material 20, the side refractory materials 22, 23, and the horizontal refractory material 24 are covered, the upper beam 5, the lower beam 6,
Then, a two-layer fireproof structure is obtained. As a result, the refractory coating of the upper beam 5 or the like made of aluminum or aluminum alloy is
5 has the same or almost the same high fire resistance as the steel column 4 to which the steel frame 4 is attached, thereby ensuring sufficient fire resistance of the frame member made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. It can also be used for certain applications. Further, since the lowermost fireproof member of the fireproof member covered by the upper beam 5 of the lower-floor building unit 2 and the lower beam 6 of the upper-floor building unit 3 is the fireproof paint 10, the fireproof paint 10 is used. 10 only needs to be applied to the upper beam 5 or the like, and the work of coating a plurality of layers with a refractory material such as a caical plate becomes unnecessary, and the work can be simplified. Further, the fire-resistant paint 10
Even when the paint 10 is applied, the outer dimensions of the upper beam 5 and the like including the paint 10 hardly change even after the paint 10 is applied, so that the outer periphery of the refractory paint 10 is covered. The refractory members 11, 13, 22, 23, and 24 can be made to have substantially the same size and structure as when directly covering the outer periphery of the upper beam 5 and the like.
2, 23, 24 can be reduced as a whole, and as a result, the refractory member can be reduced in size. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes the following modifications as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved. For example, in the above-described embodiment, a refractory paint 10 is applied to the lowermost layer of each upper beam 5 and each lower beam 6 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the outer periphery thereof is covered with soft refractory materials 11, 13 and the like. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the lowermost layer of the refractory paint 10 is formed on the surface of each upper beam 5 and each lower beam 6 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Without coating, the surface of the upper beam 5 and the lower beam 6 is directly coated with a refractory material such as a first scallop plate, and the outer periphery thereof is further covered with two refractories.
It may have a two-layer structure in which the second refractory material is covered. A refractory member having a thickness of, for example, twice or more the thickness of one refractory member 35 attached to each steel pillar 4 is applied to the surfaces of the upper beams 5 and the lower beams 6 with the refractory paint 10. It is good also as a one-layer refractory structure which coats directly without doing. In short, it is only necessary that the fireproof coating of the aluminum or aluminum alloy beam has higher fireproof performance than the fireproof coating of the steel frame member. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the fireproof coating of each upper beam 5 in the lower-floor building units 2A and 2B is performed by the soft refractory materials 11 and 13, and the fireproof coating of each lower beam 6 of the upper-floor building units 3A and 3B. Are fire floor materials 20 and 21 and side fire materials 2
2, 23 and the horizontal refractory material 24, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the side refractory material 2 of each lower beam 6 may be used.
2 and 23 and the horizontal refractory material 24 may be replaced with a soft refractory material, and both upper and lower portions may be covered with a soft refractory material. Similarly to the refractory coating of the lower beam 6 excluding the refractory floor materials 20 and 21, the coating may be performed with a hard refractory material, and the upper and lower portions may be formed with a hard refractory material. Alternatively, the refractory coating of the above embodiment is turned upside down, ie, each upper beam 5 is
As in the case of the refractory coating of each lower beam 6 except for the above, the lower beam 6 may be coated with a hard refractory material, and the portions of each lower beam 6 other than the refractory floor materials 20 and 21 may be coated with a soft refractory material. In short, it suffices that the upper beam 5 or the like made of aluminum or aluminum alloy is covered with a plurality of layers of refractory members. Further, in the above embodiment, as the building unit to which the fire-resistant structure of the building unit according to the present invention is applied, the pillar 4 as the frame member is made of steel, and the upper beam 5 and the lower beam 6 as the frame members. Building unit 2 and upper building unit 3 of which are made of aluminum or aluminum alloy
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the fireproof structure of the building unit according to the present invention is also used for a building unit in which columns are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and upper beams and lower beams are made of steel. it can. As described above, according to the fire-resistant structure of the building unit of the present invention, the frame member made of aluminum or aluminum alloy has a higher fire resistance than the fire-resistant coating of the steel frame member. A high-performance fireproof coating ensures high fire resistance even if the heat resistance of the aluminum or aluminum alloy framing members is lower than the heat resistance of the steel framing members, because a high-performance fireproof coating is provided. As a result, even a building unit in which some framing members are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy can be used for a predetermined use such as an apartment house. Since the lowermost fireproof coating of the frame member made of aluminum or aluminum alloy is made of fireproof paint,
This fire-resistant paint only needs to be applied to the framing member, and the work of coating the framing member with a plurality of layers with a refractory material such as a caical plate is not required, so that the operation can be simplified.
In addition, even if the fire-resistant paint is applied, the thickness of the paint is thin,
Even after the application of the fire-resistant paint, the outer dimensions of the skeleton member itself including the fire-resistant paint hardly change.Therefore, the fire-resistant member covering the outer periphery of the fire-resistant paint is almost the same as the case of directly covering the outer periphery of the frame member. The refractory member can be reduced in size as a whole, thereby reducing the size of the refractory member as a whole.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a unit-type building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view showing a main part of the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a main part of the embodiment. [Description of Signs] 2, 2A to 2D Lower-floor building units 3, 3A, 3B Upper-floor building units 4 Steel columns 5 as frame members Aluminum or aluminum alloy upper beams 6 as frame members Frame members Aluminum or aluminum alloy lower beam 10 Fire-resistant paint 11, 13 constituting a plurality of layers of fire-resistant members Soft refractory material 20, 21, constituting a plurality of layers of fire-resistant members Fire-resistant floor material 22, constituting a plurality of layers of fire-resistant members, 23 Side fireproof material constituting a plurality of fireproof members 24 Connection fireproof material constituting a fireproof member of multiple layers 35 One fireproof member 40 Connected fireproof material

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page       (56) References JP-A-1-125441 (JP, A)                 JP-A-6-322857 (JP, A)                 JP-A-6-33526 (JP, A)                 JP-A-5-70540 (JP, A)                 JP-A-4-146346 (JP, A)                 Tokiko 57-45861 (JP, B2)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] It is composed of a frame member including a column and a beam,
Some framing members , such as columns, are made of steel and the rest are framing members.
Is a fire-resistant structure of a building unit provided with a skeleton in which the beam is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the pillar is provided in the aluminum or aluminum alloy framing member that is the beam. Providing a fire-resistant coating having a higher fire resistance performance than the fire-resistant coating provided on the steel frame member, the fire-resistant coating of the steel frame member being the pillar is formed of a single layer of fire-resistant member, and the aluminum or aluminum alloy is formed. Each of the frame members being beams of
For the fire-resistant coating, the lowermost fire-resistant coating is made of fire-resistant paint.
And aluminum or aluminum alloy as the frame member
Of the steel beams, the upper beam is covered with soft refractory material and the lower beam is hard
A fire-resistant structure of a building unit characterized by being coated with high-quality fire-resistant material .