JP3537945B2 - Apparatus and method for excavating a trench in the ground - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for excavating a trench in the ground.

[0002]

An apparatus known under the trade name Hydrophrase is already known, but it comprises two assemblies, each with a pair of half-drums located on either side of a vertical support core. It consists of a chassis mounted on the lower part. The device must operate in variable ground mud (particularly in wet viscosity). In such wet soils, the efficiency of the equipment is significantly reduced due to the fact that the cutting tools tend to clog quickly. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method for digging a trench in the ground, which can work well on rocky soils and on wet soils with the same efficiency.

[0003]

According to the present invention, there is provided, in accordance with the present invention, an apparatus for excavating a trench in the ground, comprising a pair of fines having cutting tools located on opposite sides of a central core. A chassis equipped in the lower part with two assemblies, each with a grinding drum, and underneath the chassis, mud from the perforations and ground shavings shaved by said cutting tool arranged between two pairs of drums A component having a suction orifice for removing suction, a component (4) forming a suction orifice (5) between the milling drums (2) and below the chassis (1), said milling drum ( Nozzle (6) directed towards 2) and located close below the suction orifice (5) of the component (4)
And the pulverizing drum (2) is sucked by the suction orifice (5) so that the drilling chips separated from the pulverizing drum by the pressurized fluid sprayed from the nozzle (6) are immediately sucked by the suction orifice (5). An apparatus is provided, characterized by rotating. Also, according to the present invention, a trench is excavated in the ground using an apparatus having a chassis equipped below with two assemblies each having a pair of pulverizing drums having cutting tools located on both sides of a central core. A method for
A method of rotating a milling drum and sucking mud from the perforations and ground cuttings scraped by a cutting tool disposed between the two pairs of drums between a pair of said milling drums below a chassis. In the above, the pulverizing drum is arranged by a component (4) arranged between the pulverizing drums (2) and below the chassis (1) and provided with a suction orifice (5) and a nozzle (6) close to each other. The drilling debris attached to the ground is separated from the pulverizing drum by the pressurized fluid sprayed from the nozzle (6) and immediately removed by suction by the suction orifice (5). A method for excavating is provided.

[0004] Advantageously, the nozzle is sprayed with a pressurized fluid close to the point where the mud and drilling debris is sucked.
positioned. According to the invention, pressurized fluid is understood to mean a liquid, such as water, or a mixture of a liquid and a gas composed of water and air. This pressurized fluid is composed of mud which is used in a known manner to fill the grooves to be formed. Pressurized fluid is supplied to the nozzle by a pipe connected to the pump, which may be located either on the ground or in the chassis of the device. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the nozzle is such that the pressurized fluid is orthogonal to the surface of the milling drum with the cutting tool.
Have been sent. In other words, the pressurized fluid is sprayed in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the pulverizing drum provided with the cutting tool.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure at which the fluid is injected into the nozzle is between 4 and 500 bar, preferably between 50 and 500 bar.
１５０150 bar. The device according to the invention can operate without difficulty in wet soils due to the fact that the cutting tool is continuously cleaned by the jet of pressurized fluid and maintains good cutting performance.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle is
It is located close to the suction orifice of the pump. The suction orifice of the present invention serves to remove mud and soil excavated from the drilling by the cutting tool. The fact that the nozzle for spraying the pressurized fluid is located close to the suction orifice has the advantage that the material shaved off the drilling rig by the jet of pressurized fluid is removed directly through the suction orifice. Represents.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The device according to the invention, shown in the lower part in FIG. 1, has a chassis 1, on which two pairs of milling drums 2 supported by a core 3 are provided. It is firmly installed. The pulverizing drum 2 is driven by a normal method such as a hydraulic motor (not shown) mounted on a chassis. A cutting tool (not shown) is rigidly mounted around each milling drum 2 for digging the ground when the device is lowered. The pulverizing drum 2 is driven in the direction of the arrow so as to lift the excavated shavings from the ground between the pulverizing drums at the center of the chassis. A suction element 4 with a lower part of the triangle is arranged between the two pairs of drums at the lower part of the chassis 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the suction element 4 has four orifices 5 extending along the entire width of the device and for sucking mud from the perforations and ground excavation by a pump (not shown) during operation of the device. Have. Thus, the orifice 5 allows removal of material removed from the ground by the cutting tool during drilling.

According to the present invention, the nozzle 6 is directed towards the milling drum 2 to spray a pressurized fluid, such as water, onto the cutting tool as it moves over the milling drum 2. . The nozzle 6 is screwed into a lower ledge 7 of the suction element 4, which constitutes the vertex of the lower part of the triangle of the suction element 4, as shown in FIGS. The lower ledge 7 has on each side a row of orifices 8 facing the corresponding pair of milling drums 2. Each orifice 8 is adapted to receive a nozzle 6. A central duct 9 is connected to each nozzle 6, and the central duct 9 is connected to a vertical hose 10 connected to a pressurized pipe (not shown). When the apparatus is activated, water is supplied to the central duct 9 under a pressure of, for example, about 100 bar. Thus, as the pulverizing drum rotates, a jet of pressurized water is sprayed onto the cutting tool passing through the nozzle 6 and wet soil that clogs the cutting tool is removed from the cutting tool. Next, the mud and soil excavated by the cutting tool are removed from the orifice 5 by a pump as shown by arrows in FIG. In FIG. 5, it can be seen how the jet of pressurized water acts on the cutting tool 11. This effect is expressed in two different ways.

[0008] In the first case, the jet of pressurized water cleans the cutting tool 11 attached to the hub 12 of the drum 2 via the support 13 as the cutting tool 11 scrapes the ground. Therefore, clogging does not occur because the cuttings do not stick to the cutting tool and the hub. In the second case, as shown in FIG.
A thin layer of clogged debris 1 that could not be removed during the first passage of the hub 12 or pressurized water jet
Formed again around 4 '. In this case, a jet of pressurized water directed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the hub penetrates the drilling debris layer and strikes the hub 12, where the drilling debris layers 14, 1
Spread over the surface of the hub below 4 '. Thus, a thin film of pressurized water is formed between the layer of cuttings and the hub, which releases the layer of cuttings and cleans the cutting tool. In this way, the jet of pressurized fluid according to the invention makes it possible to clean the cutting tool by preventing clogging by cuttings or by breaking down a layer of clogged cuttings. I do. It will be clearly understood that the embodiments described above have non-limiting nature. In particular,
Clearly, fluids other than water, such as mud or a mixture of liquid and gas, such as water and air, may be sprayed onto the cutting tool under pressure. Further, it will be appreciated that the nozzles for spraying the pressurized fluid may be arranged differently than described above, but nonetheless, they supply fluid to the cutting tool located on top of the drum.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 4, showing a lower portion of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view seen from the right side of FIG. 1 and does not show a fine pulverizing drum located on the right side.

3 is an enlarged sectional view of the suction element 4 along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view seen from the right side of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the action of a pressurized fluid on a cutting tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 chassis 2 Fine grinding drum 4 Suction element 5 orifice 6 nozzles 11 Cutting tools

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Jean Claude Ligure               France 89720 Villebrevin                 Liu Marcel Aim 22                (56) References JP-A-7-34485 (JP, A)                 Actual opening Hei 4-50441 (JP, U)                 2-537 (JP, U)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A device for excavating a trench in the ground, comprising in its lower part two assemblies each having a pair of pulverizing drums with cutting tools located on both sides of a central core. And a suction orifice below the chassis for removing mud from the perforations and ground excavation shaved off by the cutting tool disposed between the two pairs of drums. A component (4) forming a suction orifice (5) between 2) and below the chassis (1); directed towards said pulverizing drum (2); Close below the suction orifice (5)
And a nozzle (6) provided by a pressurized fluid sprayed from the nozzle (6).
The drilling debris separated from the pulverizing drum is removed by the suction orifice.
Said fine grinding so that it is immediately sucked by means of
An apparatus characterized by rotating a drum (2) . 2. The nozzle (6) is characterized in that the jet of pressurized fluid is directed perpendicular to the surface of the pulverizing drum (2) with the cutting tool (11). The device according to claim 1. 3. Drilling a trench in the ground using an apparatus having a chassis below which is equipped with two assemblies each having a pair of pulverizing drums with cutting tools located on opposite sides of a central core. Rotating the pulverizing drum,
A method of sucking mud from a perforation and ground excavation shaved off by a cutting tool disposed between two pairs of drums between a pair of said fine grinding drums below a chassis, comprising: ) is disposed below the a and the chassis (1) between, another suction orifice (5) and nozzle (6)
By closely disposed components in (4), said milling
Excavation dust attached to the drum is sprayed from the nozzle (6).
Separated from the pulverizing drum by the pressurized fluid,
A method for digging a trench in the ground, characterized by immediately removing by suction by said suction orifice (5) .