Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP3544401B2 - V-bending method of aluminum plate and its tool - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP3544401B2 - V-bending method of aluminum plate and its tool - Google Patents

V-bending method of aluminum plate and its tool Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3544401B2
JP3544401B2 JP01654295A JP1654295A JP3544401B2 JP 3544401 B2 JP3544401 B2 JP 3544401B2 JP 01654295 A JP01654295 A JP 01654295A JP 1654295 A JP1654295 A JP 1654295A JP 3544401 B2 JP3544401 B2 JP 3544401B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
bending
punch
aluminum plate
mold
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP01654295A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH08187513A (en
Inventor
正勝 吉田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Furukawa Sky Aluminum Corp
Original Assignee
Furukawa Sky Aluminum Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Furukawa Sky Aluminum Corp filed Critical Furukawa Sky Aluminum Corp
Priority to JP01654295A priority Critical patent/JP3544401B2/en
Publication of JPH08187513A publication Critical patent/JPH08187513A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3544401B2 publication Critical patent/JP3544401B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は、自動車部品、建材、家電品、その他一般用途のアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工方法及びそれに使用する工具に関し、特に合金系材料及び厚板材の曲げ限界の向上と曲げ加工の際発生するスプリングバック及び鞍反り等の形状性の問題を解決するようにした、V曲げ加工方法及びそれに使用する工具に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、アルミニウム板のV曲げ成形は、室温(0〜35℃)で、プレスにVポンチとVダイスを取り付けた、曲げ用金型又はシャーベンダー等にVポンチとVダイスを取り付けた曲げ用金型を用いて、このVポンチとVダイスの間にアルミニウム板を挟み、VダイスへVポンチを押し込むことによりアルミニウム板を曲げ加工していた。また文献には加熱下でV曲げ加工する方法も記載されているが、実際には殆ど行なわれていない。
このV曲げ加工方法を図4に示す。図において1はV字形状のポンチ、2はV字形状のダイスである。曲げ加工しようとするアルミニウム板3をポンチとダイスの間に配置し(図4(1))、ポンチをダイスのV字形状部に押し込んでアルミニウム板をV曲げ成形にする(図4(2))。
【0003】
得られた曲げ加工品はそれ単体か別の部品と溶接、接着、嵌合又はボルト締め等によって組み合わされて使用されるが、曲げ後のスプリングバック、鞍反り等の形状性が悪いとねじれたり目的の形状が得られなかったり、さらには形状があまり悪いと組立てができないという問題が生じる。このため曲げ成形品の高い精度が求められている。スプリングバックは図5に示すように成形品31のV字形が広がるように起る場合(+)と狭くなるように起る場合(−)がある。また鞍反りは図6に示すように成形品の端部が盛り上がる現象で、図6のhによりその度合が現される。
そこで、一般には曲げ加工時に発生するスプリングバック対策として、金型の設計の際に前もってスプリングバック量を金型に見込んで目的の曲げ角度が得られるように設計する方法がとられている。
また、スプリングバックの軽減方法として先端部分に丸い突起を設けたポンチを用いて曲げ加工と同時に先端部分の板厚を減少させる底突き法が用いられる場合もある。(「アルミニウム加工技術便覧」(日刊工業新聞社 昭和45年3月5日発行))この底突きポンチを図7(1)に示す。図7(2)は先端部の拡大図で14が突起である。これを用いて曲げ加工した成形品を図8に示す。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
V曲げの際発生するスプリングバックは板材の強度、特に耐力に左右され、アルミニウム合金の種類や板厚等により変化するため、合金の種類や板厚が変化した際にはスプリングバック量のコントロールができにくい。
また、高強度の材料程、曲げR(アール)を大きくしないと割れが生じ易く、強度の高い材料はシャープな曲げ形状が得られにくいという欠点があった。さらに、鞍反りに対してもV曲げと同時に抑制できにくいという問題があった。
金型の設計の際に前もってスプリングバック量を金型に見込んでおく従来の方法ではアルミニウム板は鋼板等に較べスプリングバック量が2〜3倍、あるいはそれ以上と大きく、合金の種類を変更したり、強度(耐力)の異なる材料に適用した場合には目的の曲げ角度が得られ難く、金型の設計での見込みが難しいという問題があった。
【0005】
また、底突き法は曲げ角度に対して戻り量が大きい(スプリングバックがプラス)場合の軽減方法として有効であるが、底突き量が少な過ぎる場合には効果が不十分となり易く、多過ぎると逆に目的の曲げ角度よりも内側に曲げすぎる(図5のスプリングバックがマイナス)という問題があり、底突き法だけではスプリングバック量をコントロールするのは難しいばかりでなく、底突き法では曲げ先端部分で張出しが局部的に強くなるために破断が起り易くなり、曲げ限界が低下するために曲げ性の劣る合金系材料には適用できないという問題があり、さらに曲げ成形品の先端部外側が膨れ(図8の34)、形状が崩れると共に型あたりによる筋状の打痕(同33)や光沢むら(同32)が付く等外観上好ましくない等の問題があった。
この発明は以上の事情を背景としてなされたもので、V曲げ限界に優れ、スプリングバックと鞍反りの発生が少ない形状性に優れた曲げ成形品を得ることが可能なアルミニウム(合金を含む)板のV曲げ加工方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は前述の課題を解決するべく、創意実験、検討を重ねた結果、V曲げ加工方法において、V曲げ金型のポンチとして先端部が特定形状のポンチを用い、アルミニウム板を加熱した状態でV曲げ加工し、ポンチ先端部とダイスに挟まれた部分の板厚減少率を所定値にコントロールすることによって、V曲げ限界の向上と曲げ後のスプリングバック及び鞍反り量を従来の加工方法よりも大幅に減少させ得ることを見いだし、この発明を成すに至った。
即ち、本発明は相対するV字形状のポンチとV字形状のダイスとの間にアルミニウム板を挟み、ポンチをダイス内に押し込むことによるアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工法において、アルミニウム板を150〜350℃に加熱し、かつポンチの先端部に凸形状の段差部13を設け、該段差部の高さaをアルミニウム板の板厚の0.5〜10%、長さbを板厚の1〜3倍又はV曲げ先端の板のR部の周長の1〜3倍としたことを特徴とするアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工法である。
【0007】
この場合アルミニウム板の加熱はポンチとダイスの少なくとも一方に加熱装置が内蔵され、アルミニウム板をポンチとダイスの間に挟んで保持し、上記温度にすることが好ましい。
V曲げ加工に用いられる本発明の工具の一つはV字形状のポンチとV字形状のダイスとからなり、該ポンチが中央部と両外側部に分割され、該中央部が外側部に対し上下に可動し、ポンチの先端部に凸形状の段差部形成を可能としたアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工用工具である。そして凸形状の段差部は上記した高さa及び長さbと同じくすることができる。
【0008】
以下本発明のアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工条件、その限定理由等について詳しく説明する。
曲げ限界は一般に、被加工材の伸びが大きい材料程良く、純アルミニウム以外の合金系材料は何れも曲げ限界が大きく劣り、特に被加工材の板厚が増す程Rがゼロのようなシャープな曲げ形状は得られ難い。この場合曲げ加工する際に例えば加熱した金型によりアルミニウム板を所定の温度に加熱保持した後にV曲げ加工することはシャープな曲げ形状にする上でも有効である。
即ち、金型内で板材を高温に加熱することにより、材料の強度が低くなると共に伸びが向上し、軟らかくなった状態でV曲げ加工すれば曲げ限界が向上し、強度の高い合金板材でも割れ等の欠陥が生ぜず曲げが可能となり、よりシャープな曲げ形状を得ることができる。
【0009】
本発明において加熱する温度範囲を限定するのは、アルミニウム材料は純アルミニウム系、合金系にかかわらず加熱温度によって特性値が変化して温度が高くなる程引張強さと耐力が低下すると共に伸びは増加し材料が軟化して曲げ加工がし易くなる特性があるが、温度が150℃未満では室温とあまり伸びが変化せず、V曲げ限界が向上せず、曲げ加工の際に割れが発生したり、スプリングバック、鞍反り量の変化に対しても効果がない。また、アルミニウム板の温度を350℃より高くしても曲げ限界、スプリングバック、鞍反り等の曲げ特性がそれ以上向上せず、逆に金型温度を高くするための大容量の加熱装置が必要になり金型費が高くなると共に、高温のためにハンドリングがしにくくなったり、被加工材及び金型にカジリが発生し易く、このカジリを防止するために潤滑剤を使用した場合、曲げ加工後の脱脂が困難になる等の問題が生じる。従ってアルミニウム板の曲げ加工の温度は150〜350℃が適し、望ましくは200〜300℃である。
【0010】
金型の加熱方法としてはポンチ、ダイス等の金型に棒状電気ヒーターを組み込むか、加熱された液体を金型に通し加熱する方法、またはバーナー等で直に金型を加熱しても良いが、金型の温度のコントロールのできる装置を組み込んだものが好ましい。
尚、本発明のV曲げ加工方法はアルミニウム材料であれば何れの合金にも適用できるが、特に5000系のAL−Mg系合金の軟質材に対して効果が大きい。また、H18テンパー材等に対しても適用できる。
加熱されることにより被加工材のアルミニウム板が軟らかくなるため、曲げ加工に要する押し付け力が小さくて済み、室温に較べ現有設備でより厚板の曲げ加工も可能となり、曲げ加工の適用板厚範囲が拡大する等の効果もある。
【0011】
被加工材であるアルミニウム板の加熱の保持時間としては、曲げ加工時の被加工材の加熱温度を安定させるためにアルミニウム板をポンチとダイスの間に挟んで、加熱する際には保持時間が足らないと被加工材の温度が金型の設定温度に到達しない恐れがるため、金型内で30秒以上保持した後曲げ加工するのが望ましい。
H18テンパー材の曲げ加工は材料の回復が十分行われる250℃以上の温度で、かつ成形速度として100mm/min以下で曲げ加工するのが望ましい。この条件を外れて被加工材料の温度が低かったり、加工速度が早すぎる場合は効果が減少し曲げ限界が向上しない恐れがある。
【0012】
本発明のV曲げ加工に使用されるポンチは図1,2に示するように先端部が凸形状の段差部13となっている。この段差の高さaは曲げ加工するアルミニウム板の板厚の0.5〜10%である。このポンチを用いてV曲げ加工を行なうと段差に相当する部分のアルミニウム板は板厚が0.5〜10%減少することになる。従ってaは板厚減少率と同じである。
この板厚減少率が0.5%未満ではアルミニウム板の温度が150〜350℃の範囲に加熱されていれば曲げ限界が向上するもののスプリングバック及び鞍反りが室温と変わらず抑制に対しての効果が不十分である。また、板厚減少率が10%を超えると曲げ限界の向上、スプリングバック、鞍反りの抑制に対して十分な効果が得られるものの、板厚減少に伴って曲げ方向や幅方向に材料がはみ出す等の問題が生じ、目的とする形状が得られない恐れがある。従って板厚減少率、換言すればaの範囲は板厚の0.5〜10%が適当である。
【0013】
ポンチの凸形状の段差部は図1,2に示すようにポンチの先端から両側に対称に設けられ、その片側の長さbは被加工材であるアルミニウム板の板厚の1〜3倍又は板の曲げ先端のR部分の周長の1〜3倍である。このR部分の周長は板が厚くなる程長くなる。
段差部の長さbを板厚又は前記周長の1〜3倍とするのは、スプリングバック、鞍反りの防止と共に曲げの圧縮変形に伴う、内側への盛り上がりを防止し、別部品と溶接、接着、嵌合等の組み合わせする際の精度を向上させる等のためである。
しかし1倍未満では底突き法と同じで曲げ先端部分が局部的なはみ出しにより張出しが強くなるために破断が起り易くなったり、はみ出しにより形状が崩れると共に、型あたりによる筋状の打痕が付く等外観上好ましくない等の問題が生じる。
さらに3倍を超えると逆に別部品との組み合わせする際、すき間ができ易い等の問題が生じる。従って、凸形状の段差部の長さは被加工材の板厚の1〜3倍又は曲げR部分の周長の1〜3倍が適する。
【0014】
本発明において使用されるポンチは図2に示すように凸形状の段差部とポンチが一体に構成されても良いが、図1のように分割型とすることができる。図1において11はポンチの外側部、12は中央部である。そして中央部は外側部に対し上下に可動可能に構成されている。この構成によれば段差部の高さaを被加工材の材質や厚み等に応じて変動させることができる。尚、図1においてダイス2、そのV字形状21は従来のものと変りがない。これらのポンチとダイスが組み合わされて本発明のアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工用工具となる。
【0015】
この分割型ポンチの使用法方法は予め先端部を所定の段差部に固定し、これを図2と同様に使用しても良く、また段差部を設けない状態でV曲げを開始し、曲げ終了直前に所定の段差部になるよう中央部のポンチを突出させることもできる。この曲げ終了直前に突出させることにより外側先端部分へ板厚減少分の材料を流動できるので曲げ外側形状がよりシャープなものが得られる等の効果がある。
【0016】
【実施例】
試験片としては表1に示す3種のアルミニウム合金を用いた。この試験片の常温及び温間特性を表2に示す。
【表1】

Figure 0003544401
【0017】
【表2】
Figure 0003544401
【0018】
[実施例1〜30、比較例1〜17]
曲げ試験に供した試験片は幅30mm、長さ150mm、板厚5mmである。この試験片を用い、図1に示すダイス及びポンチにより先端の凸形状の段差部のa及びbを表3,4のように変化させてV曲げ試験を行なった。ポンチ及びダイスのV字形状の角度は90°、先端のRはゼロとした。V曲げ操作は先ず加熱されたV字形のダイス上に試験片を載せた後、加熱されたポンチを接触させ、わずかに曲げて挟んだ状態で試験片を加熱し、1分間保持して試験片の温度を表3,4に示す温度とした。試験片の各温度の制御は金型(ポンチ及びダイス)にヒーターを組み込み、金型の温度を変えることにより行なった。潤滑剤は石鹸水溶液にMoS を混入させたものを試験片に塗布し乾燥後使用した。試験片が所定の温度に達したところで、図4(2)と同じようにポンチを押し込み、V曲げを行なった。この時の成形速度は100mm/mimである。V曲げ終了後、金型より取り出した試験片の形状を図3に、試験結果を表3,4に示す。
【0019】
[比較例18〜29]
図7に示す底突きポンチを用い、他は実施例と同様にして試験片BのV曲げ試験を行なった。試験の条件及び結果を表5に示す。
表における○,△,×による評価は以下に基づくものである。
曲げ性は割れの有無により評価した。
割れのなかったもの;○
微細な割れがあるもの;△
大きな割れがあるもの;×
スプリングバックはポンチ、ダイスの角度90°に対する曲げ成形品の開き角度を評価した。
90°±0.5°以内のもの;○
±0.6以上のもの;×
鞍反りは幅方向の中央部分と両端の肩部分との段差(凹量)hの大きさで評価した。
板厚の0〜7%以下を○
それ以上のものを×とした
型離れ、変形性は曲げ加工後、金型から成形品を取り出す際の難易度を評価した。
型への付着なく簡単に取れ、曲りもない;○
型へ付着し、取り出しの際成形品が変形する;×
外観は曲げ部分の表面の様子を目視により観察評価した。
割れ、はみ出し、打痕等が目立たなく奇麗なもの;○
割れ、はみ出し、打痕等があり外観上好ましくないもの;×
【0020】
【表3】
Figure 0003544401
【0021】
【表4】
Figure 0003544401
【0022】
【表5】
Figure 0003544401
【0023】
表3より明らかなように、本発明方法による、No.1〜30の曲げ条件では、何れも被加工材の加熱温度が150〜350℃の範囲にあり、かつ凸形状の段差部のa,bも本発明の範囲内となっており、曲げ限界、スプリングバック、鞍反り、型離れ変形等に優れているのがわかる。
これに較べ、表4の比較例に示したNo.1,4,8の条件のものは室温のため、曲げ限界が劣ると共にスプリングバック、鞍反り等も劣っている。
比較例のNo.2,6,9の条件のものは、いずれも被加工材の加熱温度は本発明範囲の150〜350℃の範囲であるがポンチに凸形状段差がないため、スプリングバック、鞍反り等が劣っている。
比較例のNo.3,7,10の条件のものは、被加工材の加熱温度は350〜400℃と高く、曲げ限界には優れるが段差aの値が10%を超えるため、曲げ終了後、成形品が金型へ密着し、取り出す際に変形し易い等の問題がある。
比較例のNo.7,11の条件では、被加工材の加熱温度が400℃と高いので曲げ限界に優れ、かつポンチに凸形状の段差がないため、型離れ変形等には優れるがスプリングバック、鞍反り性が劣っている。
【0024】
比較例12,14,16のものは凸形状の段差の長さbの値が小さ過ぎるためスプリングバック、鞍反り性が改善されず効果が不十分であり、また比較例13,15,17のものは段差の長さbが大き過ぎるため型離れ変形等が劣っている。
表5には底突き法の比較例を示した。比較例18,22,26は室温曲げのため破断している。また比較例の24,27,28は加熱しているにもかかわらず底突き量の増加により張出し量が増えたため破断している。
【0025】
比較例の19〜21の条件では曲げ性は優れているが底突き量が少ないためにスプリングバックが改善されず劣っている。また比較例の24,25,29は曲げ性は優れているが底突き量が多いため、スプリングバックがマイナス側に大きくなり目標の曲げ角度が得られない。さらに底突き量の多い比較例の22〜29の条件では曲げ外側先端部がはみ出し外観上好ましくない。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明のアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工方法は、曲げ限界とスプリングバック、鞍反りに優れ、かつ型離れ変形等の問題もなくアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工方法として極めて優れた効果を有する。特にアルミニウム板の板厚が厚いものをRがゼロのようなシャープな曲げ形状とすることが可能となった。またV曲げ加工に分割型のポンチを使用すれば先端の凸形状の段差をアルミニウム板の種類、曲げ温度等に応じて調整でき極めて好都合である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に使用されるポンチとダイスの一例を示す断面図である。
【図2】本発明に使用されるポンチの他の例を示す断面図である。
【図3】本発明によりV曲げ加工された被加工材の断面図である。
【図4】一般的なV曲げ加工方法を示す断面図で(1)は加工開始前の状態、(2)は加工終了の状態を示す断面図である。
【図5】加工後のスプリングバックを示す断面図である。
【図6】加工後の鞍そり状態を示す斜視図である。
【図7】(1)は従来のポンチの一例を示す断面図であり、(2)はその先端部の拡大図である。
【図8】図7のポンチを用いて加工された被加工材の斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ポンチ
11 ポンチ外側部
12 ポンチ中央部
13 段差部
14 突起
2 ダイス
3 被加工材(V曲げ前)
31 被加工材(V曲げ後) 32 光沢むら
33 筋状の打痕
34 はみ出し[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a method of V-bending aluminum plates for automobile parts, building materials, home appliances, and other general uses and a tool used therefor, and more particularly to an improvement in the bending limit of alloy materials and thick plates and springs generated during bending. The present invention relates to a V-bending method and a tool used therefor, which solves the problem of the formability such as back and saddle warpage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the V-bending of an aluminum plate is performed at room temperature (0 to 35 ° C.) at a room temperature (0 to 35 ° C.), by a V-punch and a V-die attached to a press, or by a V-punch and a V-die attached to a bending mold or a shabender. Using a mold, an aluminum plate was sandwiched between the V punch and the V die, and the V plate was pressed into the V die to bend the aluminum plate. The literature also describes a method of performing V-bending under heating, but hardly any method is actually used.
This V-bending method is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a V-shaped punch, and 2 is a V-shaped die. The aluminum plate 3 to be bent is placed between the punch and the die (FIG. 4 (1)), and the punch is pressed into the V-shaped portion of the die to form the aluminum plate into a V-bend (FIG. 4 (2)). ).
[0003]
The obtained bent product is used alone or in combination with other parts by welding, bonding, fitting or bolting, etc., but if the shape is not good such as springback or saddle warping after bending, it will be twisted. If the desired shape cannot be obtained, or if the shape is too bad, assembly cannot be performed. For this reason, high precision of the bent product is required. As shown in FIG. 5, the springback occurs in such a manner that the V-shape of the molded article 31 is widened (+) and is narrowed (−). Also, saddle warpage is a phenomenon in which the end of a molded product rises as shown in FIG. 6, and the degree thereof is shown by h in FIG.
Therefore, as a countermeasure against springback generated during bending, a method of designing a mold so that a desired bending angle can be obtained by considering the amount of springback in the mold in advance in designing the mold.
Further, as a method of reducing springback, there is a case where a bottom-butting method is used in which a punch having a round projection at a tip portion is used and bending is performed and the thickness of the tip portion is reduced at the same time. (“Aluminum Processing Technology Handbook” (published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun on March 5, 1970)) FIG. 7A shows this bottom punch. FIG. 7 (2) is an enlarged view of the tip portion, and 14 is a projection. FIG. 8 shows a molded product obtained by bending using this.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The springback that occurs during V bending depends on the strength of the plate, especially the proof stress, and varies depending on the type and thickness of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, when the type and thickness of the alloy changes, the amount of springback can be controlled. Hard to do.
In addition, a material having a high strength has a disadvantage that cracks are likely to occur unless the bending R (R) is increased, and a material having a high strength is difficult to obtain a sharp bent shape. Furthermore, there is a problem that it is difficult to suppress saddle warpage simultaneously with V bending.
In the conventional method, the amount of springback is assumed in the mold before designing the mold. In the conventional method, the amount of springback of an aluminum plate is two to three times or more than that of a steel plate or the like. In addition, when applied to materials having different strengths (proof stresses), it is difficult to obtain a desired bending angle, and it is difficult to design a mold.
[0005]
The bottoming method is effective as a method for reducing the amount of return with respect to the bending angle (spring back is positive), but the effect tends to be insufficient if the amount of bottoming is too small, and too large. On the contrary, there is a problem that the spring is bent inward more than the intended bending angle (the spring back in FIG. 5 is minus). There is a problem that the overhang is locally strong at the part, so that it is easy to break, and the bending limit is lowered, so it cannot be applied to alloy materials with poor bendability. (34 in FIG. 8), there were problems such as the appearance being unfavorable, such as the collapse of the shape and the formation of streak-like dents (No. 33) and uneven luster (No. 32) due to contact with the mold.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has an aluminum (including alloy) plate capable of obtaining a bent product excellent in V-bending limit and excellent in shape with little occurrence of springback and saddle warpage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a V bending method.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have repeatedly conducted creative experiments and studies to solve the above-described problems. As a result, in the V-bending method, a punch having a specific shape was used as a V-bending mold punch, and the aluminum plate was heated. By performing V-bending in this state and controlling the thickness reduction rate of the portion sandwiched between the punch tip and the die to a predetermined value, the V-bending limit is improved, and the amount of springback and saddle warping after bending is reduced by conventional processing. It has been found that it can be significantly reduced than the method, and has led to the present invention.
That is, in the present invention, an aluminum plate is sandwiched between opposed V-shaped punches and a V-shaped die, and the punch is pressed into the die. C., and a convex step 13 is provided at the tip of the punch. The height a of the step is 0.5 to 10% of the thickness of the aluminum plate, and the length b is 1 to 3 of the plate thickness. A V-bending method for an aluminum plate, characterized in that the length is three times or 1 to 3 times the peripheral length of the R portion of the V-bending tip plate.
[0007]
In this case, it is preferable to heat the aluminum plate by incorporating a heating device in at least one of the punch and the die, holding the aluminum plate between the punch and the die, and keeping the temperature at the above-mentioned temperature.
One of the tools of the present invention used in the V-bending process includes a V-shaped punch and a V-shaped die, and the punch is divided into a central portion and both outer portions, and the central portion is located on the outer portion. This is a tool for V-bending an aluminum plate that can move up and down and that can form a convex step at the tip of the punch. The convex step portion can have the same height a and length b as described above.
[0008]
Hereinafter, the V-bending conditions of the aluminum plate of the present invention and the reasons for the limitation will be described in detail.
In general, the bending limit is better for a material having a larger elongation of the material to be processed, and the bending limit of all alloy materials other than pure aluminum is much lower. In particular, as the thickness of the material to be processed increases, the sharpness such as R becomes zero. It is difficult to obtain a bent shape. In this case, it is effective to perform V-bending after heating and holding the aluminum plate at a predetermined temperature by using a heated mold, for example, in forming a sharp bent shape.
That is, by heating the plate material to a high temperature in the mold, the strength of the material is reduced and the elongation is improved, and the bending limit is improved if V bending is performed in a softened state. Bending is possible without generating defects such as the above, and a sharper bent shape can be obtained.
[0009]
The limitation of the heating temperature range in the present invention is that, regardless of whether the aluminum material is pure aluminum or alloy, the characteristic value changes depending on the heating temperature and the higher the temperature, the lower the tensile strength and proof stress and the elongation increases. However, when the temperature is lower than 150 ° C., the elongation does not change so much as at room temperature, the V-bending limit does not improve, and cracks occur during bending. It has no effect on changes in springback and saddle warpage. In addition, even if the temperature of the aluminum plate is higher than 350 ° C., the bending characteristics such as bending limit, springback, and saddle warp are not further improved, and a large-capacity heating device for raising the mold temperature is required. In addition to the high mold cost, handling becomes difficult due to high temperature, and the work material and the mold are liable to generate tangling. If a lubricant is used to prevent this, bending Problems such as difficulty in subsequent degreasing occur. Therefore, the bending temperature of the aluminum plate is preferably from 150 to 350C, and more preferably from 200 to 300C.
[0010]
As a method for heating the mold, a rod-shaped electric heater may be incorporated in a mold such as a punch or a die, a method in which a heated liquid is passed through the mold, or the mold may be heated directly by a burner or the like. It is preferable to incorporate a device capable of controlling the temperature of the mold.
The V-bending method of the present invention can be applied to any alloy as long as it is an aluminum material, but is particularly effective for a 5000-AL-Mg-based soft material. Further, the present invention can be applied to H18 temper material and the like.
The aluminum plate of the workpiece is softened by heating, so the pressing force required for bending is small, and thicker plates can be bent with existing equipment compared to room temperature. There is also an effect such as expansion.
[0011]
As the holding time for heating the aluminum plate as the workpiece, the aluminum plate is sandwiched between a punch and a die in order to stabilize the heating temperature of the workpiece during bending, and the holding time when heating is performed. If the temperature is not sufficient, the temperature of the workpiece may not reach the set temperature of the mold. Therefore, it is preferable to perform bending after holding the temperature in the mold for 30 seconds or more.
The bending of the H18 temper material is desirably performed at a temperature of 250 ° C. or more at which the material can be sufficiently recovered and at a molding speed of 100 mm / min or less. If the temperature of the material to be processed is low or the processing speed is too fast out of this condition, the effect may be reduced and the bending limit may not be improved.
[0012]
The punch used in the V-bending process of the present invention has a stepped portion 13 having a protruding tip as shown in FIGS. The height a of this step is 0.5 to 10% of the thickness of the aluminum plate to be bent. When the V-bending process is performed using this punch, the thickness of the aluminum plate corresponding to the step is reduced by 0.5 to 10%. Therefore, a is equal to the sheet thickness reduction rate.
If the sheet thickness reduction rate is less than 0.5%, the bending limit is improved if the temperature of the aluminum sheet is heated to the range of 150 to 350 ° C., but the springback and saddle warp are not changed from room temperature and are suppressed. The effect is insufficient. When the thickness reduction rate exceeds 10%, a sufficient effect can be obtained for improving the bending limit, suppressing springback and saddle warpage, but the material protrudes in the bending direction and the width direction with the reduction in the thickness. And the like, the desired shape may not be obtained. Therefore, the thickness reduction rate, in other words, the range of a is suitably 0.5 to 10% of the thickness.
[0013]
The convex step portion of the punch is provided symmetrically on both sides from the tip of the punch as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the length b on one side is 1 to 3 times the thickness of the aluminum plate as the workpiece or It is 1 to 3 times the circumference of the R portion at the bending end of the plate. The peripheral length of the R portion becomes longer as the plate becomes thicker.
The length b of the stepped portion is set to be 1 to 3 times the plate thickness or the circumferential length to prevent springback, saddle warpage, and prevent inward swelling due to bending compression deformation, and welding with another part. This is for the purpose of improving the accuracy when combining, bonding, fitting, and the like.
However, if it is less than 1 times, it is the same as the bottom butting method, and the bend end part becomes protruded due to local protrusion, so that it is easy to break, the shape is collapsed by the protrusion, and streaky dents due to mold contact Problems such as unfavorable appearance occur.
If it exceeds three times, conversely, there is a problem that a gap is easily formed when combined with another part. Therefore, the length of the step portion having the convex shape is preferably 1 to 3 times the plate thickness of the workpiece or 1 to 3 times the peripheral length of the bent R portion.
[0014]
The punch used in the present invention may be configured such that a convex step portion and a punch are integrally formed as shown in FIG. 2, but may be a split type as shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes an outer portion of the punch, and 12 denotes a central portion. The central portion is configured to be movable up and down with respect to the outer portion. According to this configuration, the height a of the stepped portion can be changed according to the material and thickness of the workpiece. In FIG. 1, the die 2 and its V-shape 21 are the same as the conventional one. These punches and dies are combined to form the aluminum plate V-bending tool of the present invention.
[0015]
The method of using this split type punch is to fix the tip portion to a predetermined step portion in advance and use it in the same manner as in FIG. 2. Also, start the V-bending without the step portion, and finish the bending. The punch at the center can be made to protrude just before the predetermined step. By projecting immediately before the end of the bending, the material corresponding to the reduced thickness can flow to the outer front end portion, so that there is an effect that a sharper outer shape can be obtained.
[0016]
【Example】
Three kinds of aluminum alloys shown in Table 1 were used as test pieces. Table 2 shows the normal temperature and warm characteristics of this test piece.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003544401
[0017]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003544401
[0018]
[Examples 1 to 30, Comparative Examples 1 to 17]
The test piece subjected to the bending test has a width of 30 mm, a length of 150 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm. Using this test piece, a V-bending test was performed by changing the a and b of the step portion having a convex shape at the tip as shown in Tables 3 and 4 using a die and a punch shown in FIG. The V-shaped angle of the punch and the die was 90 °, and the R at the tip was zero. In the V-bending operation, the test piece is first placed on a heated V-shaped die, then the heated punch is brought into contact with the test piece, and the test piece is heated while being slightly bent and sandwiched. Were set to the temperatures shown in Tables 3 and 4. The temperature of each test piece was controlled by incorporating a heater into a mold (punch and die) and changing the temperature of the mold. As a lubricant, a mixture of MoS 2 and an aqueous soap solution was applied to a test piece, dried and used. When the test piece reached a predetermined temperature, a punch was pushed in in the same manner as in FIG. The molding speed at this time is 100 mm / mim. After the V-bending, the shape of the test piece taken out from the mold is shown in FIG. 3, and the test results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
[0019]
[Comparative Examples 18 to 29]
A V-bending test was performed on the test piece B in the same manner as in the example except that the bottom punch shown in FIG. 7 was used. Table 5 shows the test conditions and results.
The evaluation by ○, Δ, × in the table is based on the following.
Flexibility was evaluated based on the presence or absence of cracks.
No crack; ○
Those with fine cracks;
Those with large cracks; ×
The springback evaluated the opening angle of the bent product with respect to the punch and die angles of 90 °.
Within 90 ° ± 0.5 °; ○
± 0.6 or more; ×
The saddle warpage was evaluated by the size of the step (concave amount) h between the central portion in the width direction and the shoulder portions at both ends.
○ 0 to 7% or less of thickness
The mold release and the deformability were evaluated as the degree of difficulty in removing the molded product from the mold after bending.
Easy to remove without sticking to the mold and without bending; ○
Attached to the mold and deformed upon removal; ×
The appearance was evaluated by visually observing the state of the surface of the bent portion.
Cracks, protrusions, dents, etc. are inconspicuous and beautiful;
Cracks, protrusions, dents, etc., which are undesirable in appearance; ×
[0020]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003544401
[0021]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003544401
[0022]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003544401
[0023]
As is evident from Table 3, No. 2 was obtained by the method of the present invention. Under the bending conditions of 1 to 30, the heating temperature of the workpiece is in the range of 150 to 350 ° C., and the steps a and b of the convex steps are also within the range of the present invention. It can be seen that it is excellent in springback, saddle warpage, mold release deformation and the like.
In comparison with this, No. 3 shown in the comparative example of Table 4 was used. Under the conditions of 1, 4 and 8, since the room temperature is at room temperature, the bending limit is inferior, and the springback, the saddle warp and the like are inferior.
No. of the comparative example. Under the conditions of 2, 6, and 9, the heating temperature of the workpiece is in the range of 150 to 350 ° C. in the range of the present invention, but since the punch has no convex step, springback, saddle warpage, etc. are inferior. ing.
No. of the comparative example. Under the conditions of 3, 7, and 10, the heating temperature of the workpiece is as high as 350 to 400 ° C., and the bending limit is excellent, but the value of the step a exceeds 10%. There is a problem that it is in close contact with the mold and easily deformed when being taken out.
No. of the comparative example. Under the conditions of 7 and 11, the heating temperature of the workpiece is as high as 400 ° C., so that the bending limit is excellent, and the punch has no convex step. Inferior.
[0024]
In Comparative Examples 12, 14, and 16, the value of the length b of the convex step is too small, so that the springback and saddle warp properties are not improved and the effect is insufficient. Since the length b of the step is too large, the mold separation deformation is inferior.
Table 5 shows a comparative example of the bottom butting method. Comparative Examples 18, 22, and 26 were broken due to bending at room temperature. In addition, 24, 27, and 28 of the comparative examples were broken because the overhang increased due to an increase in the amount of bottom protrusion despite heating.
[0025]
Under the conditions of Comparative Examples 19 to 21, the bendability was excellent, but the amount of bottom protrusion was small, so the springback was not improved and was inferior. The comparative examples 24, 25, and 29 have excellent bendability, but have a large amount of bottom protrusion, so that the springback increases to the minus side, and a desired bending angle cannot be obtained. Further, under the conditions of 22 to 29 of the comparative example in which the bottom protrusion amount is large, the bent outer end portion protrudes and is not preferable in appearance.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
The V-bending method for an aluminum plate according to the present invention is excellent in bending limit, springback, and saddle warpage, and has an extremely excellent effect as a V-bending method for an aluminum plate without any problem such as mold deformation. In particular, it has become possible to form a sharp bent shape such as R of zero for a thick aluminum plate. If a split punch is used for the V-bending process, the convex step at the tip can be adjusted according to the type of the aluminum plate, the bending temperature, and the like, which is extremely convenient.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a punch and a die used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another example of the punch used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a workpiece that has been V-bent according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a general V-bending method, in which (1) is a cross-sectional view showing a state before the start of processing, and (2) is a cross-sectional view showing a state after the end of processing.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a springback after processing.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a saddle state after processing.
FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional punch, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged view of a tip portion thereof.
8 is a perspective view of a workpiece processed using the punch of FIG. 7;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Punch 11 Punch outer part 12 Punch center part 13 Step part 14 Projection 2 Die 3 Workpiece (before V bending)
31 Workpiece (after V bending) 32 Glossy unevenness 33 Streak-like dents 34 Protrusion

Claims (2)

V字形状のポンチとV字形状のダイスとからなり、該ポンチが中央部と両外側部に分割され、該中央部が外側部に対し上下に可動し、ポンチの先端部に凸形状の段差部形成を可能としたアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工用工具。The punch comprises a V-shaped punch and a V-shaped die. The punch is divided into a central portion and both outer portions, and the central portion is movable up and down with respect to the outer portion. V-bending tool for aluminum plate that can form part. 凸形状の段差部の高さaをアルミニウム板の板厚の0.5〜10%、長さbを板厚の1〜3倍又はV曲げ先端の板のR部周長の1〜3倍とする請求項1に記載のアルミニウム板のV曲げ加工用工具。The height a of the convex step is 0.5 to 10% of the thickness of the aluminum plate, and the length b is 1 to 3 times the thickness of the aluminum plate or 1 to 3 times the circumference of the R portion of the V-bending tip plate. The tool for V-bending an aluminum plate according to claim 1.
JP01654295A 1995-01-06 1995-01-06 V-bending method of aluminum plate and its tool Expired - Fee Related JP3544401B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP01654295A JP3544401B2 (en) 1995-01-06 1995-01-06 V-bending method of aluminum plate and its tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP01654295A JP3544401B2 (en) 1995-01-06 1995-01-06 V-bending method of aluminum plate and its tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08187513A JPH08187513A (en) 1996-07-23
JP3544401B2 true JP3544401B2 (en) 2004-07-21

Family

ID=11919162

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP01654295A Expired - Fee Related JP3544401B2 (en) 1995-01-06 1995-01-06 V-bending method of aluminum plate and its tool

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3544401B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001252721A (en) * 2000-03-08 2001-09-18 Press Kogyo Co Ltd Die structure of press apparatus
JP5808940B2 (en) 2011-05-02 2015-11-10 本田技研工業株式会社 Press molding method and apparatus
CN103464538B (en) * 2013-08-23 2016-08-10 国家电网公司 Heating-bending machine die
WO2017153830A1 (en) * 2016-03-08 2017-09-14 Flisom Ag Photovoltaic assembly
JP7807652B2 (en) * 2021-05-28 2026-01-28 日本製鉄株式会社 Method for bending metal plate material, die for bending metal plate material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH08187513A (en) 1996-07-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2000117338A (en) Elongation process for forming age hardened aluminum alloys
JP3544401B2 (en) V-bending method of aluminum plate and its tool
JPH06218442A (en) Pressing method for expanding thickness
JP5524591B2 (en) Method for producing aluminum alloy molded product
KR101915289B1 (en) Blanking Shear a molding machine for car body
JP2790072B2 (en) Manufacturing method of seamless cans
JPH0871652A (en) V-bending method with excellent bending limit and shape
JP2003103311A (en) Press forming method for magnesium alloy thin plate
JPH05154576A (en) Punching die
JP2004188445A (en) Method of press-forming aluminum alloy sheet
US2788831A (en) Apparatus for straightening metallic vehicle bumpers
CN211247975U (en) Aluminum profile bending die
JPH06542A (en) Drawing method
EP0133424A2 (en) A tool for producing bends in curved surfaces
JPH0751749A (en) Method for bending thick metallic material
JPH0866730A (en) Deep draw forming method for metallic sheet
JP2562756B2 (en) Cylinder deep drawing die and cylindrical deep drawing method
JP7853355B2 (en) Manufacturing method for press-formed products
RU2023523C1 (en) Method of hollow pieces drawing from sheet type metal
JP7610908B2 (en) Press molding method
JP2829818B2 (en) Shearing method and wall-shearing mold
JPS58163619A (en) Working method of thermoplastic sheet material and blanking die used therefor
JPH09262624A (en) Method for hemming metal plate and jig for hemming
JPH06134521A (en) Jig for straightening metallic article
JPH04105721A (en) Press forming method for metallic sheet

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20040120

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20040303

A911 Transfer of reconsideration by examiner before appeal (zenchi)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911

Effective date: 20040308

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20040330

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20040402

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

S531 Written request for registration of change of domicile

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090416

Year of fee payment: 5

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees