JP3548124B2 - Crane safety management system with movable jib - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a crane safety management system having a movable jib.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 6 shows an example of a crane provided with a movable jib. The crane C has a vehicle body 1 having a movable first jib 2 and a second jib 3. These first and second jibs 2 and 3 are rotatable around points A and B, respectively, and their tips can be moved up and down. Then, by winding or unwinding the wire ropes 2a, 3a drawn out from a winch drum (not shown) mounted on the vehicle body 1, each jib 2, 3 can be moved up and down.
The wire rope 2a is connected to a wire rope 2b of a fixed length fixed to the tip of the first jib 2. Therefore, the first jib 2 is raised and lowered through the wire rope 2b by winding or unwinding the wire rope 2a.
[0003]
The wire rope 3a is connected to a fixed length wire rope 3b fixed to the tip of the second jib 3. Therefore, the second jib 3 is raised and lowered through the wire ropes 3b and 3a.
Further, a hook 4 is suspended from the tip of the second jib 3. This hook is connected to a wire rope 4a that is drawn out from a winch drum (not shown) mounted on the vehicle body 1.
In addition, a control device for operating the crane is mounted on the vehicle body 1, and an operator operates the crane C via the control device.
[0004]
The operator suspends a load such as a building material on the hook 4 and moves it to a necessary place while operating the control device.
Since the hook 4 is hung by the wire rope 4a, when hanging the luggage, first, the wire rope 4a is paid out from the winch drum and the hook 4 is lowered close to the ground. Then, after hanging the luggage on the hook 4, the luggage is moved to a required position while turning the vehicle body 1 or raising and lowering the first and second jib 2 and 3 as necessary. .
[0005]
At this time, if the load of the load hung by the hook 4 is too large, not only the load cannot be lifted, but also the vehicle body 1 may fall if the balance is poor.
Whether or not the vehicle body 1 falls is affected not only by the magnitude of the load to be lifted by the hook 4 but also by the magnitude of the moment around the fall fulcrum. Here, the overturning fulcrum is a point that becomes the center of rotation at the time of overturning. For example, when the vehicle body 1 falls forward, the foremost portion of the grounding portion of the vehicle body 1 becomes a fall fulcrum.
Also, if the first jib 2 or the second jib 3 is greatly tilted and the distance L from the turning center of the vehicle body 1 to the hook becomes too large, the length of the arm of the moment becomes longer. The vehicle body 1 easily falls over.
[0006]
As described above, whether there is a risk of the vehicle body 1 falling over can be predicted by calculating the moment. In order to predict this danger of falling, the suspended load and the angles α and β (see FIG. 6) of the gibs 2 and 3 from the horizontal are detected, and the moment is calculated based on these. And whether the moment is near the overturn limitplease ~To determine if there is a risk of fallingToI do.OtherOf course, the moment due to the weight of each jib and the fishing tackle is taken into account. Specifically, the arm length L is calculated from the lengths of the gibs 2 and 3 and the angles α and β. When the length L of the arm is determined, the limit load is determined from the rotational moment. By comparing the limit load with the actual load, the danger of falling can be predicted in advance.
According to the above calculation, when the safety device detects a danger, the safety device can issue an alarm or stop the vertical movement of the jib or the winding of the winding drum.
[0007]
The safety device also issues an alarm when the hook 4 approaches the upper limit position. That is, the upper limit position of the hook 4 is set in advance, and a limit switch is provided at the upper limit position. Therefore, when the hook 4 reaches the upper limit position, the limit switch is turned on, and the safety device operates to issue an alarm.
Further, the safety device also has a function of stopping winding of the wire rope 4a when the limit switch is turned on as described above. Because, even though the hook 4 is in contact with the tip of the second jib 3, if the wire rope 4a is further wound up, the second jib 3 is forcibly lifted, and the jib or the like is damaged. This is because there is a risk of being lost.
In any case, the safety device is provided to protect the crane from the danger of tipping over or breakage.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The safety device as described above can be released for repair or disassembly of the crane. Moreover, the operation mechanism for releasing the safety device is provided around the driver's seat close to the private room state.
However, there is a considerable difference in safety awareness among operators, and an operator with low safety awareness works while intentionally releasing the safety device. Such a situation occurs when it is determined that the work must be continued in the dangerous area, or when an appropriate avoidance measure is not taken with a spare effort. The reason why the safety device is released in this way is that it is troublesome for the operator to frequently activate the safety device or to issue an alarm.
[0009]
Further, the safety device is mounted on the vehicle body 1, and whether or not to release the safety device is determined by an operator, and an alarm can be heard only in the operator's seat. It is. In such a situation, dangerous actions such as release of the safety device or ignoring the warning cannot be managed from a place other than the driver's seat. The inability to manage dangerous actions from outside the driver's seat means that in order to avoid dangerous actions and enforce safe actions, all operators must rely on the personal qualities of the operator. .
In addition, since the operator is working in a private room called a driver's seat, it has not been possible for an outsider to grasp whether or not he / she is currently performing a dangerous act. For this reason, there was a problem that it was difficult for the supervisor to stop dangerous acts on the spot.
[0010]
Further, there is no means for recording the dangerous actions of the operator. For this reason, even a safety-conscious operator who repeatedly performs dangerous actions many times, such as intentionally releasing a safety device, cannot be checked and even trained.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a safety management system capable of avoiding an accident regardless of an operator's intention when a danger of falling or breakage occurs in a crane having a movable jib.
It is another object of the present invention to collect actual operation data of a crane and to manage the operation status of an operator based on the data so that a danger state does not occur in advance.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine main body, a machine state detecting means provided in the machine main body, a risk analysis item storage means for storing a risk item in which a risk state is classified in advance, and a risk state analysis item, A danger state determination means for determining that a danger state has been reached for each danger item based on the detection signal of the mechanical state detection means, and an output signal of the danger state determination means. Raise an alert based onPoliceAnd a danger item stored in the danger analysis item storage means.Causes that can attribute the occurrence of a dangerous condition to the operatorThe danger condition determination means and the alarm deviceWhenThrough the communication lineContactIt is characterized by the continuation.
Here, "causes that can be attributed to the operator" means any cause that has caused a danger due to the personal qualities of the operator, such as carelessness of the operator, operation error, intentional operation or omission. Therefore, if the dangerous state is caused by a failure of the machine itself, it does not fall under “causes attributable to the operator”.
The second invention is characterized in that the risk analysis items stored in the risk analysis item storage means include a case where the safety device is released.
[0012]
The third invention isHazard analysis item storage means stores danger items set based on site elements and machine elements that cannot be attributed to the operatorIt is characterized by points.
[0013]
The fourth invention isMachine state detection means and danger state determination means provided on the machine body are connected via a communication line.It is characterized by points.
The fifth invention isA timer having a function of measuring a time from a point in time when the machine state reaches the danger area and outputting a signal for activating the alarm device is connected to the danger state determination means and the alarm device, and the danger state determination means Determining the dangerous state of the machine body; outputting the signal by the dangerous state determining means while the dangerous state continues; measuring the signal output time of the dangerous state determining means by the timer; After the signal output time of the state determination means has passed a preset time, the timer outputs a signal for activating the alarm device.It is characterized by points.
[0014]
The sixth invention isData analyzing means for analyzing data input from the dangerous state determining means, and data storage means connected to the data analyzing processing means, wherein the dangerous state determining means determines a dangerous state of the machine body; When the data is output to the analysis processing means, the data analysis processing means analyzes the input data based on the items stored in the risk analysis item storage means.It is characterized by points.
[0015]
The seventh invention isThe movable jib according to claim 6, wherein the data analysis processing means has a function of creating a report such as a daily report or a monthly report.It is characterized in that the risk analysis item storage unit stores the analysis items set based on the operator element.
The eighth invention isThe data analysis processing means has a function of creating a characteristic chart.It is characterized by points.
The ninth invention isProvided with access means for allowing the terminal machine to access data stored in the data storage meansIt is characterized by points.
[0016]
The tenth invention isThe dangerous state determining means is provided separately from the machine body, and a plurality of mechanical state detecting means are connected to the dangerous state determining means via a communication line. With the described movable jibIt is characterized by points.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of cranes C are connected to a management server S via a communication line.
The machine state detection means 5 and the alarm device 11 are connected to the management server S. Although the mechanical state detecting means 5 is provided on the crane C side, the alarm device 11 may be provided on the crane C side, or may be provided on a place completely different from the crane, for example, on a supervisor's station. . Further, the alarm device 11 may be provided on both the crane C side and the supervisor station. In short, the alarm device 11 may be installed at a necessary place, and therefore, it does not matter whether there is one or more alarm devices.
[0018]
Since the crane C is the same as the conventional crane C shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is used for the description of the crane C in the following description. The mechanical state detecting means 5 provided on the crane C side includes angle sensors for detecting the angles α and β of the gibs 2 and 3 (see FIG. 6), a sensor for detecting the upper limit of the hook 4, And a load cell for detecting a load acting on the load cell. The crane C corresponds to the machine body of the present invention.
On the other hand, the management server S includes a danger state determination unit 6, a timer 7, a data analysis processing unit 8, a danger analysis item storage unit 9, and a data storage unit 10. The alarm device 11 is connected to the timer 7.
[0019]
The dangerous state determining means 6 is connected to the mechanical state detecting means 5 of the crane C. When a detection signal from the mechanical state detecting means 5 is input, the mechanical state of the crane C is determined in accordance with the detection signal. Is determined to be in a danger area.
However, various reference values for determining a dangerous state are stored in the dangerous state determining means 6 in advance. This reference value is set slightly before the limit value at which the crane C is damaged or overturned. The reference value is determined so that there is enough room to respond.
[0020]
The dangerous state determination means 6 storing the reference value as described above compares the mechanical state signal output from the mechanical state detection means 5 with the reference value to determine whether there is a dangerous state. However, the mechanical state that the dangerous state determining means 6 determines to be dangerous includes not only a case where an accident will actually occur but also a case where there is a possibility of causing an accident. Specifically, each item listed in the table of FIG. 3 is in a dangerous state. However, this dangerous state is not limited to the items shown in the table of FIG. 3, and may be added or deleted as needed.
[0021]
Here, each item listed in the above table will be described in detail.
Item No. The case where the "jib is approaching the upper limit of the undulation" of 1 is a case where the jib 2 and 3 are further approaching the upper limit but are approaching the upper limit. In this case, when the upper limit is exceeded, there is a danger of falling over and the like, so that it is recognized as a dangerous state. This often occurs mainly when the operator intentionally releases the safety device.
Item No. The “load ratio is approaching the limit” of 2 is a case where the load moment is approaching the overturning moment. In this case, there is a danger that the balance may be lost due to a slight accident, and the situation is recognized as a dangerous state. This often occurs mainly when the operator intentionally releases the safety device.
[0022]
Item No. The phrase "approaching the upper limit of the winding" of No. 3 is a case where the winding operation of the wire rope 4a is continued even though the hook 4 is approaching the upper limit position. In this case, when the hook reaches the upper limit position, a tension higher than the limit acts on the wire rope, and there is a danger that the wire rope will be broken. This often occurs mainly when the operator intentionally releases the safety device.
[0023]
Item No. 4 "The jib angle is continuously increasing even though the raising operation is not performed" is a situation where the jib angle is continuously increased even though the operation for raising the jib is not performed. . This occurs when the hoisting operation is continued even though the hook 4 is hoisting until it hits the tip of the jib. In this case, while the winding operation is continued, the jib angle increases due to the pulling force of the wire rope for winding the hook 4. At this time, since the jib rises even though the operator does not intend, the jib is recognized as a dangerous state. This often occurs mainly due to the carelessness of the operator.
[0024]
Item No. The phrase “the jib tension becomes excessive at the time of the jib raising operation” in 5 means that the tension of the wire ropes 3a and 3b linked to the second jib 3 becomes excessive. This occurs when the first jib 2 is raised with the second jib 3 folded at the point B and fixed to the first jib 2. When the first jib 2 is raised, the wire rope 3b must be wound around a winch drum in conjunction with the up and down movement of the first jib in order to prevent the wire rope 3b linked to the second jib from being loosened. However, if the winding of the wire rope 3a is too early, the tension of the wire ropes 3a and 3b will be excessive. Excessive tension of wire ropes 3a, 3bWhatIf so, the second jib 3 and the portions supporting the wires 3a and 3b may be damaged. Such occurrences are often caused mainly by carelessness of the operator or operation errors.
[0025]
Item No. No. 6, "The jib tension becomes excessive when the jib is tilted down" means that the above NO. 5, the second jib 3 is fixed to the first jib 2, and the first jib 3 is stopped.2When pulling down, the tension of the wire ropes 3a and 3b linked to the second jib 3 becomes excessive.BecomeThat is. Normally, the wire ropes 3a and 3b linked to the second jib must be paid out in accordance with the tilting operation of the first jib, but if the timing is delayed, the jib tension becomes excessive.WhatYou. Such occurrences are often caused mainly by carelessness of the operator or operation errors.
[0026]
Item No. The condition “7, the jib is lowered too much and there is a danger of falling over” means that the distance L from the turning center of the vehicle body 1 to the hook is too large, and the crane C is easily overturned. In this case, there is literally a danger of falling, so that it is recognized as a dangerous state. Such occurrences are often caused by carelessness of the operator or intentional release of the safety device.
Item No. "No automatic stop even though automatic stop has not been canceled" in 8 means that the automatic stop function is broken, so that it is recognized as a dangerous state.
[0027]
Item No. The case of "there is an input error of the initial value" of No. 9 is a case where the setting of the reference value of the dangerous state determination means 6 is incorrect. Whether the setting of the initial value is erroneous may be recognized by grasping various calculation results based on the input initial value. For example, if the length of the jib input as the initial value is incorrect, the error can be recognized and an alarm can be issued by comparing the change in the jib angle with the change in the jib tension.
Such mistakes in inputting the initial values are often caused by carelessness of the operator.
[0028]
Item No. The phrase "winding is continuous at a very low speed" of 10 means that, for example, even if the operator thinks that the operation lever has returned to the neutral position, the operation lever actually stays at a position slightly deviated from the neutral position. If it is. In this case, if it continues, it will lead to a serious accident, so it is recognized as a dangerous state. This often occurs due to the carelessness of the operator.
Item No. No. 11, "the winding is continuously performed at a very low speed" means that the item NO. The situation is exactly the same as in the case of 10.
[0029]
Item No. 12 "The jib angle is increasing despite the jib lowering operation" means that the jib angle is increasing despite rotating the winch drum in the direction of lowering the jib. It is. For example, in the rotation of the winch drum when lowering the jib, the wire rope is paid out. However, when the winch drum continues to rotate in the same direction while the entire length of the wire rope is extended, the wire rope is wound up. In other words, even when the winch drum continues to rotate in the same direction, the function of the winch drum reverses from unwinding to winding from the time when the entire length of the wire rope is extended. Therefore, although the operator intends to perform the jib lowering operation, the jib actually rises. Since the jib moves in a direction different from the operator's intention, the jib is recognized as a dangerous state. This often occurs due to the carelessness of the operator.
[0030]
Item No. The phrase "moving at a high speed while approaching the limit point" of "13" usually means that when approaching the limit point, the operating speed is reduced to allow a slow down. However, when the safety device is released, the vehicle operates at a high speed in spite of approaching the limit point as described above. Such occurrences are often caused by carelessness of the operator or intentional release of the safety device.
[0031]
Item No. The phrase “wind speed is approaching the limit” in 14 means that the wind speed is approaching a wind speed at which there is a risk of falling. When the wind speed approaches the limit, there is a risk of falling, so it is recognized as a dangerous state.
Item No. The phrase "the electric field strength is approaching the dangerous value when approaching the electric wire" of 15 means that it is dangerous if the clay approaches the electric wire, so that an alarm is issued using the electric field intensity as a parameter. This often occurs due to the carelessness of the operator.
Item No. The phrase “the main body is tilted” at 16 indicates a state in which the main body is tilted beyond its limit. It is very dangerous to use the vehicle body while tilted, so it is recognized as a dangerous state.
[0032]
Item No. The phrase "the hook is raised while the hook is being lowered" is the case where the hook is raised even though the winch drum is rotated in the direction to lower the hook. For example, when the winch drum rotates when the hook is lowered, the wire rope is paid out. However, when the winch drum continues to rotate in the same direction while the entire length of the wire rope is extended, the wire rope is wound up. In other words, even if the rotating drum continues to rotate in the same direction, the function of the winch drum reverses from unwinding to winding from the time when the entire length of the wire rope is extended. Therefore, although the operator intends to lower the hook, the hook actually rises. Since the hook moves in a direction different from the operator's intention, the hook is recognized as a dangerous state. This often occurs due to the carelessness of the operator.
[0033]
Item No. The phrase “the jib is extended too much and there is a danger of falling over” means that the distance L from the turning center of the vehicle body 1 to the hook becomes too large and the crane C easily falls over. is there. In this case, there is literally a danger of falling, so that it is recognized as a dangerous state. Such occurrences are often caused by carelessness of the operator or intentional release of the safety device.
Item No. The "release of the safety device" in 19 is a state where the safety device is intentionally released. As explained above, most dangers are due to the intentional release of the safety device. Therefore, the act of releasing the safety device itself is recognized as a dangerous state.
[0034]
Item NO. The danger states 1 to 19 are stored in the danger analysis item storage means 9 as danger items in advance.
Then, the danger state determination means 6 stores a reference value of the machine state corresponding to the danger item so that the danger state can be recognized for each of the danger items. When the dangerous state determination unit 6 determines that the vehicle is in a dangerous state, it outputs a determination signal to the timer 7 and the data analysis processing unit 8.
[0035]
The timer 7 counts whether or not the output signal of the dangerous state determination means 6 has been continuously input for a certain period of time. When the dangerous state determination signal is continuously input for a predetermined time, a signal for operating the alarm device 11 is output.
The reason why the alarm device 11 is activated after the elapse of the predetermined time as described above is that, for example, when the operator immediately recognizes that the danger state has been entered and actively corrects it, no alarm is issued. In order to
[0036]
Further, as shown in the table of FIG. 3, there are a very large number of items that need to issue an alarm as a dangerous state. The danger area is set for each danger state. However, if an alarm is issued at the moment when the danger area is reached, it is possible that the alarm will sound frequently. However, even if the alarm sounds too frequently, the operator and the on-site supervisor will only notice annoyance. Further, if the alarm sounds even though the dangerous state is immediately corrected, the operator and the supervisor may become insensitive to the alarm, and the meaning of the alarm may be lost.
In consideration of such a situation, the alarm device 11 is operated only when a certain time has elapsed.
[0037]
However, if the above is ignored, the alarm device 11 may issue an alarm in real time without providing the timer 7.
The alarm device 11 may be provided anywhere as long as the alarm device 11 is connected to the dangerous state determination means 6. Therefore, the alarm device 11 provided on the crane C is configured to emit an alarm in real time and provided for the site supervisor. The alarm device 11 may issue an alarm only when the dangerous state continues for a certain period of time. In this way, if the operator immediately performs the danger avoidance operation, no alarm is issued from the site supervisory alarm device 11. In other words, if the operator performs the danger avoidance operation immediately, no warning is sent to the site supervisor, so that the site supervisor does not dance to the alarm from the alarm device 11.
[0038]
Further, the data analysis processing means 8 is means for analyzing data relating to the mechanical state determined as a dangerous state by the dangerous state determining means 6. Here, when the dangerous state determination unit 6 determines that the dangerous state is a dangerous state, the dangerous state corresponds to which dangerous item in FIG. 3 is analyzed, and the frequency is totaled. The data analyzed by the data analysis processing means 8 is stored in the data storage means 10. However, the data storage means 10 can store not only the data analyzed by the data analysis processing means 8 but also raw data before the analysis processing and all the data relating to each crane C.
[0039]
The data stored in the data storage means 10 includes, for example, a site situation where the crane C is used, and operator information such as an operator name. The site conditions include information such as who the site supervisor is and what the site conditions are. As described above, data that is not directly related to the mechanical state of the crane C can be stored in the data storage unit 10 in advance.
Then, all of these pieces of information are stored in the data storage means 10 in association with work information accumulated over time as the on-site work progresses.
[0040]
In addition, the risk analysis item storage means 9 stores analysis items for analyzing a large number of risk states as shown in the table of FIG. The analysis item is, for example, a classification item such as whether the specific danger state is a danger state intentionally generated by the operator or an inadvertent mistake due to carelessness, a danger level, and the like.
The level of danger can be categorized, for example, by what happens if the condition lasts for a certain period of time or more. For example, in the case where the machine is simply damaged and becomes immobile, and in the case where the crane falls and the danger to the operator or the like is given, the danger to the person is higher. From such a viewpoint, the degree of risk is set. Of course, there are various standards for setting the danger level. In the table of FIG. 3, each danger state is associated with a danger level. Here, it is assumed that the danger level is higher in level 2 than in level 1.
[0041]
In FIG. 3, a danger state caused by carelessness of the operator and a danger state caused by intentional operation of the operator are specified for each item. And, as the kind of danger state, the applicable one is marked with a circle. In this case, if it is difficult to determine either carelessness or intentional, both may be classified.
However, the cause of the danger may not be all caused by the operator. For example, the cause may be that the site is too narrow, the ground is loose, or the construction plan is poor. Therefore, it is also possible to set items for classifying dangerous states, such as a dangerous state that is likely to occur due to bad site conditions, a dangerous state that has many causes for the operator, and a dangerous state that occurs due to an abnormality in the machine.
[0042]
Then, based on the various analysis items stored in the risk analysis item storage means 9, the data analysis processing means 8 analyzes the danger state actually occurred. The analysis result is stored in the data storage unit 10.
As described above, as data necessary for the data analysis processing means 8 to analyze a dangerous state, in addition to the type of the dangerous state and the analysis items, the operator name, site name, site supervisor name, model name, etc. It can be extracted from the data storage means 10.
Then, by combining these data, a characteristic chart for observing the habit of the operator and a characteristic chart for observing the tendency at the site can be created.
In addition, in order to see the characteristics of the operator and to grasp the work status, for example, the frequency of occurrence of a dangerous state may be totaled for each operator and output as a report such as a daily report, a weekly report, or a monthly report of the operator.
[0043]
Then, the characteristics of the operator can be grasped from the characteristic charts and reports, and can be used for operator training.
In addition, the data analysis processing means 8 can also sum up the frequency of occurrence of a dangerous condition for each site and create a report for grasping the characteristics of the site.
Furthermore, if the frequency of occurrence of a dangerous state is tabulated for each crane C, problems specific to the model may become apparent.
[0044]
Further, for example, a characteristic chart shown in FIG. 4 can be created and output as the analysis result of the dangerous state. In this chart, the frequency of occurrence of a dangerous state in the work of a specific operator is tabulated for four items. In this chart, the danger states are classified into four from the danger state occurrence factors, and the occurrence frequencies of the danger states classified respectively on four axes are shown.
The four classifications include (1) a danger state caused by an operator's operation error or an operator element due to intentional operation, (2) a danger state caused by location conditions such as the size of the site and the surrounding environment, (3) A dangerous state in which poor construction planning is a risk factor, and (4) a dangerous state in which a mechanical element such as a machine failure or a machine selection error is considered as a factor.
Both the location condition (2) and the construction plan (3) are included in the site elements of the present invention.
[0045]
By creating such a characteristic chart, it is possible to see at a glance where the cause of danger is. If there is a lot of danger caused by the operator, he / she must pay attention and educate the operator. If there is a problem with the construction plan, it is necessary to educate the site supervisor. . In particular, strict attention or penalty can be imposed on an operator or a site supervisor who frequently generates a danger state with a high danger level.
However, the above four classification items may not be completely independent but may be related to each other. For example, due to poor location conditions at the site, the construction plan will inevitably become unreasonable, or the characteristics of the machine and the characteristics of the operator will act synergistically to cause a particular dangerous state to occur frequently. Things also happen.
[0046]
Even in the above case, for example, for a certain operator, create a chart summarizing the occurrence status of dangerous conditions for each site, compare them, and perform the same kind of dangerous behavior at any site. It can be inferred that it is not a cause at the site, but a characteristic of the operator. In addition, when comparing charts in which the frequency of occurrence of danger situations of different operators is compared, if it is found that similar situations occur at the same site, it can be estimated that the effect of the site characteristics is large. . In such a case, it is possible to examine whether there are any special causes for the site conditions and supervision.
[0047]
Therefore, in order to clarify the cause of the danger, the data must be analyzed from various angles. In this system, if analysis items are stored in the risk analysis item storage unit 9, various analysis processes can be performed by the data analysis processing unit 8 to create a chart.
In the characteristic chart shown in FIG. 4, the danger states are classified into the above-described four classifications, and each classification is set as an axis. You can also create a custom polygon chart. Such a chart tells at a glance which danger situation is most likely to occur.
[0048]
Further, by further analyzing the output chart or report, it is possible to determine whether the items set in the risk analysis item storage means 9 are optimal. If necessary, it is possible to increase or change the risk items and analysis items set in the risk analysis item storage means 9. If the optimum risk analysis items can be set in this way, it is expected that the accuracy of risk analysis will increase and the accident prevention effect will further increase.
[0049]
In the first embodiment, the plurality of cranes C are connected to the management server S via the communication network N1. That is, the safety management of the plurality of cranes C is performed at one place. Of course, the function of the management server S may be provided for each crane C, but according to the first embodiment, the management server S can collectively manage the statuses of a plurality of cranes C. If the data can be managed collectively, it is possible to integrate and analyze the danger state that occurred in a plurality of cranes C, to compare data when a specific operator operates another crane C, And compare situations.
[0050]
The operator of the crane C and the person who supervises the site supervisor can collectively manage the data of the operator who uses dangerously and the site supervisor and utilize it for the education. Through such education, it is possible to expect the effect of suppressing crane accidents.
Further, when an abnormality occurs in the machine, the management server S also stores the data. The data relating to the abnormality of the machine and the history data of the machine exposed to various dangerous conditions can be used for crane manufacturers and maintenance companies for the maintenance of the machine. If the data on all the cranes C is managed by the management server S, it is convenient to use the data. This is because it is not necessary to collect data for each crane C.
[0051]
Furthermore, since the danger state determination means 6 is provided separately from the crane C, there is an advantage that the danger state determination standard can be easily changed.
In the dangerous state determination means 6, a determination program including a determination criterion and a calculation formula is set. According to this determination program, the danger state is determined using the detection signal output from the mechanical state detection means 5 such as a sensor provided on the crane C, but the determination program can be changed at one place. I'm done. However, if it is necessary to deal with each crane, the change of the above-mentioned determination program becomes a serious task.
In addition, it is possible to easily update the analysis program of the data analysis processing unit 8 and the risk item and the analysis item stored in the risk analysis item storage unit 9.
[0052]
Note that the alarm device 11 may be provided on the crane body for the operator, may be provided on the site supervisor side for the site supervisor, or a plurality of alarm devices 11 may be provided. When a plurality of alarm devices 11 are provided, the timing at which an alarm is issued and the type of danger item at which an alarm is issued may be changed depending on the alarm device. Such a setting can be made in the dangerous state determination means 6 of the management server S. For example, even if a warning is issued to the operator when a certain dangerous state continues for a certain period of time, if the state is not improved, a warning can also be issued to the site supervisor. If a strong wind is blowing and the dangerous state determining means 8 determines that the state is dangerous, a warning to the site supervisor may be issued early. In such a case, the work can be stopped with the authority of the site supervisor.
In addition, NO. Shown in FIG. Items 1 to 19 are examples, and different items can be set depending on the type of crane.
[0053]
The second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is different from the first embodiment in that a plurality of terminal machines 12 can be connected to the management server S via a communication line. This is the same as the embodiment. However, in this second embodiment, the management server S is provided with an access means 13 so that the terminal machine 12 can access the data stored in the data storage means 10 (see FIG. 2) of the management server S. ing. The terminal machine 12 is connected to the access unit 13 via a communication line.
[0054]
The terminal machine 12 is a terminal machine provided for a construction contractor, a machine maker, a dispatch company of an operator, a person in charge of machine maintenance, and the like. These terminal machines 12 are not limited in form, such as a personal computer and a mobile phone, as long as they can access the management server S. Therefore, various data at the construction site using the crane C can be extracted from each terminal machine 12 via the data analysis processing means 8 of the management server S.
[0055]
For example, a construction contracting company or a dispatch company of an operator outputs a daily work report on the site, so that it is possible to know the progress of construction at a plurality of sites while staying there. Further, as described above, it is also possible to provide safety education for site supervisors and operators based on various reports.
Furthermore, when an abnormality is detected in a specific crane, the person in charge of maintenance of the machine can immediately perform maintenance on the crane. In addition, even if there is no malfunction of the machine, it is determined that cranes that performed frequent operations in dangerous situations require earlier maintenance than cranes that were used properly. be able to. This allows all cranes to be kept in a serviced state at all times.
[0056]
In the first and second embodiments, it is assumed that the crane shown in FIG. 6, that is, a type in which lifting and lowering of the jib is performed by winding and unwinding a wire rope. However, the type of crane that can use this system is not limited to this. Any type of crane having a movable jib, such as a type that raises and lowers a jib by a cylinder and a type that expands and contracts a jib, may be used. Alternatively, the same applies to a crane having only the first jib without the second jib.
In the above embodiment, the management server S is provided with the danger state determination means 6, the timer 7, the data analysis processing means 8, the danger analysis item storage means 9, and the data storage means 10, all of which are included in the management server S. They do not need to be integrated and need not be in the same place.
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
In the first invention, the location of the alarm device can be freely selected by connecting the alarm device and the dangerous state determination means via the communication line. Therefore, a warning in a dangerous state can be issued not only to the machine operator but also to a person other than the operator such as a site supervisor. Therefore, the operator can inform the third party of the dangerous action being performed.
Since the conventional alarm device is mounted on the machine body, the alarm can be heard only at the operator's seat. In such a situation where the warning can be heard only at the operator's driver's seat, the dangerous action of ignoring the warning by the operator could not be managed from other than the driver's seat. For this reason, there has been a problem in that in order to respect the warning and enforce safety actions, it is necessary to rely entirely on the personal qualities of the operator.
However, in the first invention, the alarm device is provided outside the operator's seat other than the driver's seat.SettingAs ififEnables accident avoidance without overlooking alarms, independent of operator intentionit can.
In the first invention,The number and location of the alarm devices are not limited as long as they are connected to the dangerous state determination means.Both on the outside and machine sideIt can also be provided. thisIn this case, a timing can be set such that an alarm is issued to the machine body in real time, and an alarm is issued to an external person, for example, a site supervisor, only when a dangerous state continues for a certain period of time.
Further, in the first invention, a danger item which is assumed to occur due to low safety awareness of the operator or carelessness is determined in advance, and the danger item is detected by the danger state determination means. For this reason, it is possible to avoid an accident caused by an unsafe operator performing dangerous actions.
In the second invention, the act of releasing the safety device itself can be recognized as a dangerous state. Most of the dangers arising from the low safety awareness of the operator are caused by intentional release of the safety device, so that the release action can be recognized by a third party.
According to the third aspect, the relation between the dangerous state and the site element or the machine element can be seen. Although the safety management system of the present invention mainly aims to avoid a danger state caused by an operator, the cause of the danger state is not always caused by the operator. Such a danger state not caused by the operator is also detected and attempted to be avoided.
According to the fourth aspect, the danger state determination unit is connected to the machine state detection unit mounted on the machine body via communication, so that the danger state determination unit can be provided separately from the machine body. In this way, if the dangerous state determination means is provided separately from the machine main body, the operator who operates the crane using the machine main body cannot release the dangerous state determination means without permission. Therefore, it is not possible to perform the operation by disabling the alarm device.
[0058]
No.5According to the invention, the alarm is issued only when the danger state of the machine continues for the set time. Therefore, even if the danger can be avoided immediately, the alarm is not issued too much. Therefore, the operator or the like takes the alarm seriously, and the accident prevention effect is enhanced. Further, if the operator immediately recognizes the danger state and actively corrects the danger state, no warning is issued, so that the supervisor is not danced to the warning.
No.6According to the invention, not only a warning is issued to call attention, but also a dangerous state that has actually occurred in the machine can be analyzed and processed from various viewpoints. The analysis results can be used for safety measures and operator safety education.
[0059]
No.7According to the invention, a report can be automatically created. It is also possible to grasp the behavior of the operator from reports such as daily reports and use it for safety education.
[0060]
No.8According to the invention, the analysis result of the dangerous state can be grasped at a glance. In addition, comprehensive evaluations can be made.
No.9According to the invention, a person related to the construction or a person related to the crane can extract data on the use state of the crane and the dangerous state from a place other than the site.
No.10According to the invention, data of a plurality of cranes can be collectively managed and various statistical processes can be performed. Further, even when the data processing program is changed, it is not necessary to deal with each machine, so that the change operation can be easily performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the entire system of a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a table showing dangerous state items and analysis items of the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a characteristic chart of the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the entire system of the second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a crane provided with a movable jib.
[Explanation of symbols]
C crane
5 Machine state detection means
6 Danger state determination means
7 Timer
8 Data analysis processing means
9 Risk analysis item storage means
10 Data storage means
11 Alarm device
12 Terminal machine
13 access means

Claims (10)

A machine body, a machine state detecting means provided in the machine body, a risk analysis item storage means for storing a risk item in which a risk condition is classified in advance, and a risk condition analysis item, and a machine status corresponding to the risk item. A danger state determination means for storing a reference value and determining that a danger state has been reached for each danger item based on the detection signal of the mechanical state detection means, and issuing an alarm based on an output signal of the danger state determination means and a alarm device, the danger items the risk analysis item storage means for storing, while containing dangerous items set based on the cause can be attributed to the occurrence of dangerous conditions to the operator, the unsafe condition determination crane safety management system with a movable jib, characterized in that the the said warning device means, and connected via a communication line. The safety management system for a crane provided with a movable jib according to claim 1, wherein the danger items stored in the danger analysis item storage means include a case where a safety device is released . The safety management of a crane provided with a movable jib according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the danger analysis item storage means stores danger items set on the basis of site elements and machine elements that cannot be attributed to the operator. system. The safety management system for a crane provided with a movable jib according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the machine state detection means and the dangerous state determination means provided on the machine body are connected via a communication line . A timer having a function of measuring a time from a point in time when the machine state reaches the danger area and outputting a signal for activating the alarm device is connected to the danger state determination means and the alarm device, and the danger state determination means Determining the dangerous state of the machine body; outputting the signal by the dangerous state determining means while the dangerous state continues; measuring the signal output time of the dangerous state determining means by the timer; And outputting the signal for activating the alarm device after the signal output time of the state determination means has elapsed a preset time. 5. The movable type according to claim 1, wherein Crane safety management system with jib. Data analyzing means for analyzing data input from the dangerous state determining means, and data storage means connected to the data analyzing processing means, wherein the dangerous state determining means determines a dangerous state of the machine body; 6. When data is output to the analysis processing means, the data analysis processing means analyzes the input data based on the items stored in the risk analysis item storage means. crane safety management system with a movable jib according to. 7. The safety management system for a crane having a movable jib according to claim 6 , wherein the data analysis processing means has a function of creating a report such as a daily report or a monthly report . The safety management system for a crane provided with a movable jib according to claim 6 or 7 , wherein the data analysis processing means has a function of creating a characteristic chart . The safety management system for a crane provided with a movable jib according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising access means for allowing a terminal machine to access data stored in the data storage means . The hazardous condition determining means, provided separately from the machine body, in this critical condition determining means, in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that connected through a communication line a plurality of machine state detecting means A crane safety management system with the movable jib described.

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