JP3549405B2 - Plastic sorting device and plastic sorting method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plastic sorting apparatus and a plastic sorting method for sorting sorted pulverized refuse made of plastic pieces by type.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, recycling of refuse has been rapidly promoted. By the way, plastics consumed as raw materials for plastic products include vinyl chloride resin (hereinafter referred to as “PVC”), polyethylene resin (hereinafter referred to as “PE”), polypropylene resin (hereinafter referred to as “PP”), It is thought that polystyrene-based resin (hereinafter referred to as “PS”) and methacrylic resin [acrylic resin] (hereinafter referred to as “PMMA”) occupy about 80% of the whole, and the above-mentioned resins occupy most of the waste plastic recovered. Can be In addition, polyethylene terephthalate resin (hereinafter, referred to as “PET”) used as a so-called PET bottle is being independently collected. When recycling these resins, it is important to separate them for each type of resin.
[0003]
As a technique for sorting pulverized plastic pieces, there is a plastic sorting apparatus. The plastic sorting apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
In this plastic sorting apparatus, when plastics 1 of different types of resin, which are sorted and crushed refuse, are put into the hopper 2 in a mixed state, the plastic pieces 1 are put into the frictional charging device 3 from the outlet of the hopper 2. The plastic piece 1 is agitated and frictionally charged in the frictional charging device 3, and is then spread on the upper surface of the metal drum electrode 5. The metal drum electrode 5 is rotated around a horizontal axis in a predetermined direction and is grounded.
[0004]
An arc-plate-shaped high-voltage electrode 6 is disposed diagonally above the metal drum electrode 5 in the rotation direction, and a cathode of a high-voltage power supply 7 is connected to the high-voltage electrode 6. Is grounded. With this connection, a rotating ground electrode is formed by the metal drum electrode 5, and a sorting electrostatic field is formed between the high-voltage electrode 6 and the metal drum electrode 5.
[0005]
Below the metal drum electrode 5, a first separation container 8 and a second separation container 9 that are opened upward are arranged in this order on the upstream side in the rotation direction. Further, a brush 10 for scraping off the plastic piece 1 attached to the peripheral surface of the metal drum electrode 5 is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the metal drum electrode 5.
[0006]
The operation of the above configuration will be described. A plurality of types of plastic pieces 1 are put into a frictional charging device 3 from a hopper 2, and different types of plastic pieces 1 are agitated and frictionally charged within one cylinder of the frictional charging device 3. . Then, the charged plastic piece 1 is sprayed on the metal drum electrode 5, and the plastic piece 1 charged with the negative charge by the frictional charging device 3 repels the metal drum electrode 5 and is attracted by the high-voltage electrode 6, It falls into the first separation container 8. The plastic piece 1 charged with a positive charge opposite to the metal drum electrode 5 is adsorbed on the surface of the metal drum electrode 5 and falls into the second separation container 9 by rotation of the metal drum electrode 5, or the brush 10 Is scraped off from the surface of the metal drum electrode 5 and separated, and falls into the second separation container 9.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned friction charging device 3, the plastic piece 1 made of a plurality of different resin-based plastics put into the hopper 2 is agitated and frictionally charged in one cylinder, but depending on the size of the plastic piece 1. In some cases, the plastic piece 1 may reach the drop opening of the cylinder faster than the other plastic piece 1 and fall. In this case, the plastic piece 1 is not given a sufficient charge amount (charged voltage), and the metal drum electrode 5 And the high voltage electrode 6 may not be separated accurately.
[0008]
In order to prevent this, it is conceivable to increase the size of the container of the frictional charging device 3, but this requires a large space for installing the frictional charging device 3. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a plastic sorting device and a plastic sorting method that can solve the above-mentioned problems.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for solving the problems in the present invention are a frictional charging device for stirring and frictionally charging a plurality of types of crushed plastic pieces, and a frictionally charged plastic piece disposed below the frictional charging device and utilizing a charge amount. A plastic sorting device provided with an electrostatic separation unit for separating and separating, wherein the frictional charging device is provided inside the first stirring container at an upper portion and rotatably around the vertical axis in the first stirring container. The first stirring blade, and provided at the lower portion of the first stirring vessel, one side communicates with the outlet of the first stirring vessel, and on the other side, a drop port portion for dropping a plastic piece into the electrostatic separation section is provided. A second stirring vessel, and a screw-type second stirring blade which is rotatably mounted on the second stirring vessel about a horizontal axis.
[0010]
The first stirring container, the first stirring blade, the second stirring container, and the second stirring blade are made of metal.
In the above configuration, the first stirring vessel stirs a plurality of types of plastic pieces with a first stirring blade rotatable around a vertical axis, and then the horizontal axis moves to a second stirring vessel communicating with an outlet of the first stirring vessel. Stir with a screw-type second stirring blade that is rotatable around it, and quantitatively drop plastic pieces into the electrostatic separation unit located below the drop port of the second stirring container with the second stirring blade, and frictionally charge The plastic pieces triboelectrically charged by the apparatus are separated and collected separately by an electrostatic separation unit using the charge amount.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a plastic sorting apparatus for performing a plastic sorting method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between the plastic sorting device S according to the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional plastic sorting device is the configuration of the frictional charging device 3.
[0012]
A plastic sorting apparatus S according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a hopper 2 for charging a plurality of types of plastic pieces (sorted and crushed refuse) 1 of different resin types in a mixed state, and is disposed on the outlet 2a side of the hopper 2. A frictional charging device 3 for frictionally charging the plastic pieces 1 by stirring, and an electrostatic discharge device disposed below the frictional charging device 3 for electrostatically separating a plurality of types of frictionally charged plastic pieces 1. The separation unit G includes a first separation container 8 and a second separation container 9 for collecting the plastic pieces 1 electrostatically separated by the electrostatic separation unit G by type.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 2, the frictional charging device 3 includes an upper first stirring vessel 15 having an inlet 14 disposed at an outlet 2 a of the hopper 2, The first agitating blade 17 rotatably mounted on the first agitating blade 17, the first drive motor 18 for rotating the longitudinal axis member 16, and the lower portion of the first agitating container 15 are integrally formed at one side, A second stirring vessel 21 communicating with an outlet 19 of one stirring vessel 15 and having a drop port 20 formed at the lower part on the other side for dropping the plastic piece 1 onto the electrostatic separation section G; The first stirring vessel 15 includes a screw-type second stirring blade 23 rotatably mounted around a shaft member 22 and a second drive motor 24 for rotating the horizontal shaft member 22. Blade 17, second stirring vessel 21, and second stirring 23 is made of metal.
[0014]
Next, the configuration of the electrostatic separation unit G will be described with reference to FIG. The electrostatic separation unit G includes a metal drum electrode 5 disposed below the drop port 20 of the second stirring vessel 21, a high-voltage electrode 6 disposed obliquely above the metal drum electrode 5, and a metal drum electrode. And a brush 10 for scraping off the plastic piece 1 attached to the peripheral surface of the metal drum electrode 5 and disposed below the metal drum electrode 5. The metal drum electrode 5 is rotatable in a predetermined direction around a horizontal axis and is grounded. The high voltage electrode 6 is connected to a cathode of a high voltage power supply 7, and the anode of the high voltage power supply 7 is grounded. By this connection, a rotating ground electrode is formed by the metal drum electrode 5, and a sorting electrostatic field is formed between the high-voltage electrode 6 and the metal drum electrode 5.
[0015]
The first separation container 8 and the second separation container 9 are arranged below the metal drum electrode 5 in the rotation direction of the metal drum electrode 5, and both the first separation container 8 and the second separation container 9 are opened upward. are doing.
[0016]
Next, a plastic sorting method in the plastic sorting apparatus S having the above configuration will be described. The plurality of types of plastic pieces 1 are put into the first stirring vessel 15 of the frictional charging device 3 from the hopper 2 in a mixed state, and the first stirring blade 17 is rotated by the driving of the first drive motor 18 to perform preliminary stirring. And is charged with a certain amount of charge. Subsequently, the plastic piece 1 falls into the second stirring vessel 21 from the outlet 19 of the first stirring vessel 15 and is stirred by the screw-type second stirring blade 23 by the driving of the second drive motor 24, so that the plastic piece 1 is sufficiently stirred. The charged amount is obtained, and the conveyed material is conveyed toward the drop port 20 of the second stirring container 21.
[0017]
By the way, even if there is a plastic piece 1 that tends to drop into the second stirring vessel 21 faster than another plastic piece 1 depending on the size of the plastic piece 1, another plastic piece in the second stirring vessel 21 may be used. 1 and is sufficiently stirred to obtain a sufficient charge amount. Then, the sufficiently charged plastic piece 1 is sprayed from the drop port 20 on the metal drum electrode 5 by a screw-type second stirring blade 23 by a fixed amount, and the negatively charged plastic piece is charged by the friction charging device 3. 1 is repelled by the metal drum electrode 5, is sucked by the high-voltage electrode 6, and falls into the first separation container 8. The plastic piece 1 charged with a positive charge opposite to the metal drum electrode 5 is adsorbed on the surface of the metal drum electrode 5 and falls into the second separation container 9 by rotation of the metal drum electrode 5, or the brush 10 Is scraped off the surface of the metal drum electrode 5 and falls into the second separation container 9. In this manner, even when a plurality of types of plastic pieces 1 are mixed, it is possible to separate the individual plastic pieces 1 or collect specific plastic pieces 1 for each charge amount (by type).
[0018]
As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of types of plastic pieces 1 are put into the first stirring container 15 of the triboelectric charging device 3 from the hopper 2 and preliminarily stirred by the first stirring blade 17. The plastic piece 1 falls into the second stirring vessel 21 from the outlet 19 of the first stirring vessel 15 and is stirred by the screw-type second stirring blade 23 to obtain a sufficient charge amount. Since the plastic piece 1 is conveyed toward the drop port 20 of the second stirring container 21, the plastic piece 1 can be separated by the electrostatic separation unit G, and the second stirring can be performed faster than other plastic pieces 1 depending on the size of the plastic piece 1. Even if there is a plastic piece 1 that tends to fall into the container 21, the plastic piece 1 is surely stirred with the other plastic pieces 1 in the second stirring container 21 to obtain a sufficient charge amount and be sufficiently charged. Plastic piece 1 Since the quantitative increments spread on the metal drum electrode 5 from chute 20 by the second agitating blades 23 of Liu type may perform separation of the plastic pieces 1 in the electrostatic separation unit G in a stable state.
[0019]
In addition, since the first stirring container 15, the first stirring blade 17, the second stirring container 21, and the second stirring blade 23 are made of metal, dirt and damage hardly occur, the plastic pieces 1 are sorted and crushed. Even with this, it is possible to withstand long-term use and prevent the polarity of the plastic piece 1 from being adversely affected by friction due to damage.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the present invention provides a frictional charging device comprising a first stirring container at an upper portion, a first stirring blade rotatably mounted on the first stirring container around a vertical axis, and a first stirring container. A second stirring vessel arranged at the lower part of the vessel, one side of which communicates with the outlet of the first stirring vessel and the other side of which is provided with a drop port for dropping a plastic piece into the electrostatic separation section; Since it is equipped with a screw-type second stirring blade rotatably mounted around the horizontal axis, a plurality of types of plastic pieces are stirred by the first stirring blade, and then stirred by the second stirring blade. Depending on the size of the plastic piece, even if some of the plastic pieces fall into the second stirring vessel faster than the other plastic pieces 1, the plastic piece 1 is given a sufficient charge amount, Accurately sorts by type of piece (by charge amount) The charged plastic pieces can be quantitatively dropped into the electrostatic separation section by the screw-type second stirring blade, so that the separation of the plastic pieces in the electrostatic separation section can be performed in a stabilized state. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a plastic sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a detailed configuration of the frictional charging device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plastic piece 2 Hopper 3 Friction charging device 5 Metal drum electrode 6 High voltage electrode 8 First separation container 9 Second separation container 14 Inlet 15 First stirring container 16 Vertical axis member 17 First stirring blade 18 First drive motor 19 Outlet unit 20 Drop port 21 Second stirring vessel 22 Horizontal shaft member 23 Second stirring blade 24 Second drive motor G Electrostatic separation unit S Plastic sorting device

Claims (3)

A friction charging device for stirring and frictionally charging a plurality of types of crushed plastic pieces, and an electrostatic device disposed below the friction charging device for separating the frictionally charged plastic pieces using a charge amount. A plastic sorting device provided with a separation unit, wherein the frictional charging device includes an upper first stirring vessel, a first stirring blade rotatably mounted on the first stirring vessel about a vertical axis, A second stirring vessel which is arranged at a lower portion of the first stirring vessel, one side of which communicates with an outlet of the first stirring vessel and which has a drop port on the other side for dropping a plastic piece into the electrostatic separation section; A plastic sorter comprising a second stirring vessel and a screw-type second stirring blade which is rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis. The plastic sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the first stirring vessel, the first stirring blade, the second stirring vessel, and the second stirring blade are made of metal. A plurality of types of plastic pieces are stirred by the first stirring blade rotatable about the vertical axis in the first stirring vessel, and then freely rotatable about the horizontal axis in the second stirring vessel communicating with the outlet of the first stirring vessel. Stir with a simple screw-type second stirring blade, and quantitatively drop a plastic piece into the electrostatic separation unit located below the drop port of the second stirring container with the second stirring blade, and frictionally charge with the friction charging device A method for sorting plastics, wherein separated plastic pieces are separated by an electrostatic separation unit using an amount of charge and separately collected.

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