JP3558386B2 - Load loading method and device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for loading a load, which loads loads stacked in multiple stages, such as pallet loads, on a truck bed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a conventional load loading method. In this conventional technique, a load 1 is received from a pallet 2 into a forklift 3 and is loaded on a loading platform 4A of a truck 4 by the forklift 3.
[0003]
FIG. 13 shows a state where the load 1 is loaded into the back of the loading platform 4A by the push-pull forklift 3. After the fork 3A of the forklift 3 is inserted into the loading platform 4A, the load 1 on the fork 3A is pushed. It is pushed into the back of the bed 4A by the device 3B.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the prior art has the following problems (1) to (3).
{Circle around (1)} When the load 1 on the fork 3A is pushed out by the pusher device 3B, since the distance from the fork 3A to the deep wall of the load 4A is far away, the load 1 is stumbled by the step between the fork 3A and the load 4A. When this occurs, there is nothing to support the load 1 and the load collapses (FIG. 13B). In addition, since the load 1 is moved while sliding with the pusher device 3B, the load 1 is easily tripped due to friction with the loading platform 4A, and if the balance is slightly lost, the load 1 is easily pushed by the load 1 behind and easily falls down.
[0005]
{Circle around (2)} When the load 1 is pushed into the bed 4A by the pusher device 3B, the load 1 and the pusher device 3B obstruct the field of view of the worker, and the worker cannot see into the back of the bed 4A. I don't know if I entered. For this reason, the load 1 may be crushed by being pushed too much, or the loading space for the next load on the bed may be lost due to lack of the load, and the next load may not be loaded (FIG. 13C).
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to enable a load to be loaded at a loading position of a loading platform without causing load collapse.
[0007]
Another object of the present invention is to enable a load to be stably loaded at an appropriate position near the front wall on the back side of the loading platform.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a loading method for loading a load to a loading position of a loading platform, wherein the load is a slide plate.To the loading side, Pusher deviceWhen it comes into contact with the load,slide plateToLinkingAnd thisPush the slide plate to the push position with the pusher device, move the load and the slide plate to the loading position opposite to the front wall on the loading platform, then release the connection between the pusher device and the slide plate, and push the pusher device. The load is transferred to the loading position by pulling back the slide plate from the loading position while holding the apparatus at the pushing position.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the load is further moved toward the loading platform side of the slide plate and the leading end of the slide plate is loaded from the front wall at the loading position. The slide plate is pushed in by a pusher device after being positioned in front by the length.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a loading truck that moves forward and backward with respect to a loading position of a loading platform, a loading body provided on the loading truck, and a loading body for loading a load, and a loading body provided on the loading truck and mounted on the loading truck. In a load loading device having a pusher device that moves a load toward a load loading position, a loading body includes a base plate fixed to a loading cart side, and a slide plate that can move in and out of the base plate. Consisting ofThe load is brought to the loading platform side of the slide plate and stacked, and when the pusher device comes into contact with the load, the pusher device and the slide plate are connected, and this slide plate is pushed to the pushing position by the pusher device, and the load and the slide plate are placed in front of the loading platform. Disconnecting the pusher device from the slide plate after moving to the opposing loading position close to the wall, and pulling back the slide plate from the loading position while holding the pusher device at the pushing position. To transfer the load to the loading positionIt was made possible.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the connecting device between the pusher device and the slide plate can be changed.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, a distance measuring device for measuring the length of the cargo bed is further provided.
[0011]
[Action]
According to the present invention,(1)~(Five)Has the effect of
(1)After loading the load and slide plate close to the front wall on the loading platform (wall surface of the loading platform or the wall surface of the previously loaded load) by the pusher device, the pusher device is left as it is. While holding, only the slide plate is pulled out and the load is loaded. Therefore, when the slide plate is pulled out, even if the load is stumbled, the load is supported by the front wall body on the loading platform and does not collapse.
[0012]
(2)When pushing in with the pusher device, the load and the slide plate are moved to a position close to and facing the front wall on the loading platform. That is, the load can be stably loaded at an appropriate position near the front wall on the back side of the loading platform. For this reason, a load is not pushed too much and crushed. Also, there is no loss of loading space for the next load on the bed due to insufficient loading.
[0013]
(3)Advantages of connecting the pusher device to the slide plate and pushing the slide plate when loading the load with the pusher device
(a) When the pusher device directly pushes the load, if the load is light, the frictional resistance between the load and the slide plate is small. And the load may collapse (FIG. 14).
[0014]
Even if the slide plate is brought into rolling contact with the loading platform, the weight of the load is about 8 kg because the weight of the slide plate is, for example, 250 kg.
(250 + 8 kg) × 0.01 = 2.5 kg> 8 kg × 0.3 = 2.4 kg
(However, the rolling friction coefficient between the slide plate and the loading platform is set to 0.01, and the sliding friction coefficient between the load and the slide plate is set to 0.3), and the frictional resistance between the load and the slide plate is reduced (light weight such as disposable diapers). It happens when the load is high and the load is low).
[0015]
When a chain for pulling back the slide plate is connected to the slide plate and the slide plate has a mechanism for pulling out the chain when the load is pushed in, the pull-out resistance of the chain acts as a force for stopping the slide plate. However, the problem described above occurs even when the load is heavy.
[0016]
(B) On the other hand, in the present invention, the pusher device is connected to the slide plate and the slide plate is securely pushed in. Even when the load is light, the load is pushed out while the slide plate is stopped and the load collapses. Nothing to do. That is, the pusher device can reliably and stably position the load on the slide plate to the load position through the reliable pushing of the slide plate.
[0017]
(Four)The position of the load to be placed on the slide plate is previously moved to the slide platform side of the slide plate, and the pusher device is connected to the slide plate to push the slide plate. Thus, when the pusher device pushes the slide plate to set the load to the loading position close to the front wall on the loading platform, the load is slid on the slide plate from the intermediate position to the loading platform side. However, it is set at the loading position together with the slide plate. Therefore, before the load is set at the loading position, the load can be prevented from tripping and collapsing if the load slides on the slide plate.
[0018]
In addition, the load is moved to the slide plate tip side, the slide plate is moved to the initial position (from the back of the bed to the side of the load length), and the pusher device pushes the slide plate by a certain amount, and the load is moved to the back of the bed. Since it moves accurately to the loading position, there is no such thing as crushing the load by pushing too much or losing the loading space due to lack of pushing.
[0019]
(Five)The loading body constituting the loading device is composed of a base plate and a slide plate, and the pusher device and the slide plate can be connected. Therefore, after the pusher device is connected to the slide plate and the load and the slide plate are pushed by the pusher device to the loading position opposed to and close to the front wall on the loading platform, the connection between the pusher device and the slide plate is established. By releasing, it is possible to pull back only the slide plate while holding the pusher device as it is,(1) ~ (Four)Can be used as a device for realizing.
[0020]
【Example】
1 is a schematic diagram showing a shipping facility, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a loading device, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a loading body, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a connecting device, and FIG. 5 is a modified example of the connecting device. , FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the load transfer procedures (1) to (4), FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the load procedures (1) to (3), and FIG. 8 is a load procedure. (4) to (6), FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing loading procedures (7) to (9), FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing loading procedure (10), and FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a loading work space in a conventional example, FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a loading work space in a conventional example, FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a loading method of a conventional example, and FIG. 14 is a comparative example. It is a schematic diagram which shows a load collapse occurrence state.
[0021]
(A) Shipping equipment (Figure 1)
The shipping equipment 10 includes a load transfer device 20 that transfers the load 1 from the pallet 2 and a load loading device 30 that loads the load 1 on the loading platform 4A of the truck 4.
[0022]
Note that the truck 4 is disposed in a truck yard along the traveling route of the loading device 30.
[0023]
The load transfer device 20 is supplied with the load 1 in the form of pallets by the forklift 3, and transfers only the load 1 to the load loading device 30.
[0024]
The loading device 30 receives the load 1 from the load transfer device 20, carries the load 1 to the truck 4 where the load 1 is to be loaded, and loads the load 1 onto the loading platform 4A of the truck 4.
[0025]
(B) Load 1 (Fig. 1)
The pallet packing form is obtained by laying a slip sheet (resin sheet) 2A on a pallet 2 and stacking a load 1 such as a cardboard box or a plastic container thereon.
[0026]
The size of the pallet 2 is about 2.2 m here. There are two types of pallet packing.
(1) A load loaded for 2.2m (large load).
(2) One half of the above (1), with a load of 1.1m (package appearance).
[0027]
The number of types of the pallet packing may be more or may be one. Here, the two types are used to efficiently store the load 1 according to the size of the truck 4. There are three types of 2-ton trucks for delivery: (1) short, (2) standard, and (3) long.
Short: One large package
Standard: One large package and one small package
Long: 2 large packages
When it is loaded like this, it just fits on the loading platform 4A.
[0028]
(C) Track layout (Figure 1)
In the truck yard of the shipping facility 10, the truck loading ends of the plurality of trucks 4 are aligned with each other, and the trucks 4 are stopped facing the traveling route of the loading device 30. At this time, the track 4 is stopped parallel to the positioning line 5. The positioning line 5 extends in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the loading device 30. This is because the front-rear direction of the loading platform 4A of the truck 4 matches the direction in which the loading device 30 moves in and out of the load 1. Here, since the loading device 30 is moving the load 1 in and out of the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, the line 5 is also drawn in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. The direction in which the load 1 moves can be made oblique to the traveling direction, in which case the line 5 is also drawn obliquely.
[0029]
(D) Load transfer device (Figs. 1 and 6)
The load transfer device 20 includes a load receiving conveyor 21, a load transfer pusher 22, and a load receiving table 23.
[0030]
The load receiving conveyor 21 receives the load 1 of the pallet packing form from the forklift 3 and carries the pallet packing form to the front of the pusher 22.
[0031]
The load transfer pusher 22 has a sheet pressing claw (not shown) that presses the slip sheet 2A in the pallet packing state. When the slip sheet 2A is pressed by the sheet pressing claw, the load on the sheet 2A is pushed by the pusher 22. Only 1 is pushed out toward the receiving platform 23.
[0032]
The load receiving table 23 is disposed to face a load receiving end of the traveling route of the load loading device 30 and supports a loading body 61 of the load loading device 30 described later. At this time, the upper surface of the slide plate 63 constituting the loading body 61 is almost the same height as the upper surface of the slip sheet 2A in the form of a pallet (strictly speaking, the upper surface of the slide plate 63 is slightly lowered, and (To improve the transfer).
[0033]
A retractable transfer plate 24 is attached to a side frame facing the load receiving table 23 of the load receiving conveyor 21, and a slide plate 63 of a loading body 61 set on the load receiving table 24 and a pallet 2 on the load receiving conveyor 21. Is filled by the transfer plate 24 when the load 1 is transferred, and the load 1 is prevented from tripping in the gap.
[0034]
(E) Loading device (Figs. 1 to 5)
The loading device 30 includes a traveling body 31 that travels along the loading end of the truck 4 stopped at the truck yard. The traveling body 31 includes wheels 33 mounted on rails 32 and is driven by a traveling motor 34.
[0035]
The loading device 30 includes a loading truck 35 that is movable on the traveling body 31 in the front-rear direction of the loading platform of the truck 4 (moves forward and backward with respect to the loading location of the loading platform 4A). The traveling body 31 includes a bogie rail 36. The loading truck 35 includes wheels 37 mounted on a truck rail 36 and is driven by a truck traveling motor 38.
[0036]
The loading device 30 supports a mast frame 41 on a loading cart 35. The mast frame 41 is supported by a loading cart 35 via a mast frame support shaft 42 so as to be tiltable, and the tilt angle can be changed by a tilt cylinder 43. A lifting frame 44 is provided on the mast frame 41 via a guide rail 45 and a cam follower 46 so as to be movable up and down. The elevating amount of the elevating frame 44 can be arbitrarily changed by the elevating cylinder 47.
[0037]
The loading device 30 is provided with a pusher device 51 and a loading body 61 on a lifting frame 44.
[0038]
In the pusher device 51, a pusher plate 54 is attached to the tip of a pantograph 53 that is expanded and contracted by a pusher cylinder 52, and the pusher plate 54 can be moved back and forth. The pusher device 51 moves the load 1 on the load body 61 toward the loading position.
[0039]
The loading body 61 includes a base plate 62 fixed to the elevating frame 44, and a slide plate 63 on which the load 1 is placed and which can move in and out of the base plate 62. The load 1 is placed on the slide plate 63 (FIG. 3). ).
[0040]
At this time, the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 can be connected by the connecting device 110. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the connecting device 110 is provided with a connecting pin 112 at the tip of a piston rod of a cylinder 111 fixed to the side of the pusher plate 54, and the connecting pin 112 is attached to the side edge of the slide plate 63. The engaging hole 113 provided can be disengaged. Reference numeral 114 denotes a guide for the connection pin 112.
[0041]
In this embodiment, the slide plate 63 has two engagement holes 113A and 113B. The engagement hole 113A is provided on the base end side of the slide plate 63 and is used when loading a large load 1. The engagement hole 113B is provided at the center of the slide plate 63 and is used when loading the small load 1.
[0042]
The connection between the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 is made in the following (a) or (b).
(A) When loading the load 1 in a large load, the connection pin 112 is engaged with the engagement hole 113A by the operation of the cylinder 111 with the pusher device 51 set to the original position and the slide plate 63 also set to the original position. Then, the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 are connected.
[0043]
(B) At the time of loading the load 1 in a small package, while the pusher device 51 is advanced, the detector 115 such as an optical sensor provided at the lower portion of the pusher plate 54 is on the same line as the engagement hole 113B of the slide plate 63. The pusher device 51 is stopped by the detection of the engagement hole display section 116 such as a reflection plate provided in the apparatus (FIG. 4B). Then, the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 are connected by engaging the connection pin 112 into the engagement hole 113B by the operation of the cylinder 111.
[0044]
The number of the engagement holes 113 is not limited to two (113A, 113B) provided at the side edge of the slide plate 63, and three or more engagement holes 113 are provided at a connection position between the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63. May be changed in multiple stages.
[0045]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, the coupling device 110 is provided with a suction pad 112A at the tip of the piston rod of the cylinder 111, and the suction pad 112A is detachable from the side edge of the slide plate 63. May be.
[0046]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the coupling device 110 is provided with an engaging claw 112B at the tip of the piston rod of the cylinder 111, and the engaging claw 112B is provided on the side edge of the slide plate 63. It may be one that can be disengaged from the teeth.
[0047]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5C, the connecting device 110 is provided with a rubber pad 112C at the tip of the piston rod of the cylinder 111, and presses the rubber pad 112C against the upper surface of the slide plate 63 to connect the pusher device 51 with the slide plate 63. May be connectable. At this time, the connection of the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 by the connecting device 110 is performed when the pusher plate 54 comes into contact with the load 1, and the detector 120 that detects the contact between the pusher plate 54 and the load 1 is used. . The detector 120 includes a load detection plate 121 provided over the entire area of the pusher plate 54 in the width direction, and a limit switch 122 which is turned on / off by the swing of the load detection plate 121. The cylinder 111 of the connecting device 110 is extended when the limit switch 122 is turned on to press the rubber pad 112C against the upper surface of the slide plate 63.
[0048]
The base plate 62 includes a roller 64 on which the slide plate 63 is supported so as to be able to move in and out. That is, when the pusher device 51 pushes the slide plate 63 connected by the connecting device 110 toward the loading position, the slide plate 63 is pulled out from the base plate 62 and is moved to the loading position with the load 1 placed thereon. Move toward.
[0049]
The slide plate 63 has wheels 65, and can move lightly on the loading platform 4 </ b> A of the truck 4 via the wheels 65. The slide plate 63 is not limited to the wheels 65 as long as it can move lightly on the loading platform 4A of the truck 4, and may have an air blowing device or the like facing the loading platform 4A.
[0050]
Further, the loading device 30 pulls back the slide plate 63 pulled out from the base plate 62 (this pullback is performed by releasing the connection of the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 by the connection device 110), and thus the slide plate pullback. Is attached to the end of the slide plate 63 on the mast frame side. The chain 66 is wound by the winding device 67 provided on the lifting frame 44, and the slide plate 63 is pulled back. The wound chain 66 is hooked on the chain receiver 68 and stored so as not to be entangled. The winding device 67 is driven by a motor 67A. The chain 66 between the winding device 67 and the slide plate 63 is guided by a chain guide (not shown).
[0051]
At the tip of the slide plate 63, a wall body detection limit switch 71 is provided. When the pusher device 51 pushes the slide plate 63, the limit switch 71 moves the slide plate 63 to the front wall body (the back wall 4B of the load bed 4A or the load 1 previously loaded). Is reached in the vicinity of the wall surface 1B).
[0052]
Limit switches 72A to 72C are provided at three positions on the lower surface of the base plate 62 along the front-rear direction of the carrier. The limit switches 72A to 72C are used to detect the upper surface of the carrier 4A and to attach the base plate 62 to the upper surface of the carrier 4A without any gap when transferring the load 1 to the carrier 4A.
[0053]
In the loading device 30, a distance measuring device 81 is provided at an end of the traveling body 31 on the platform side. In the process in which the loading device 30 moves the traveling route from the receiving end to the truck 4 where the load 1 is to be loaded, the ranging device 81 moves the front surface of the loading platform 4A of the truck 4 in the process of moving. When passing, the length L of the bed of the truck 4 is measured by a laser or the like.
[0054]
Hereinafter, a description will be given of a loading procedure by the loading apparatus 20 and a loading procedure by the loading apparatus 30.
[0055]
Load transfer procedure (Fig. 6)
(1) The pallet packing is placed on the receiving conveyor 21 (FIG. 6A).
When the load 1 in a pallet package is placed on the conveyor 21 by the forklift 3, the conveyor 21 carries the load 1 to the front of the pusher 22.
[0056]
(2) The loading body 61 of the loading device 30 is moved onto the receiving table 23 (FIG. 6B).
The loading device 30 advances the loading cart 35 to receive the load 1 and moves the base plate 62 and the slide plate 63 of the loading body 61 onto the loading tray 23. After lowering the base plate 62 until the limit switch 72C on the bottom side (mast frame 41 side) of the lower limit switches 72A to 72C on the lower surface of the base plate 62 detects the upper surface of the receiving tray 23, the limit switch 72A on the front end side receives the load. The base plate 62 is tilted (tilted) forward until the upper surface of the base 23 is detected, so that the base plate 62 follows the upper surface of the receiving base 23. At this time, the upper surface of the slide plate 63 is almost the same height as the upper surface of the slip sheet 2A in the form of a pallet (strictly, the upper surface of the slide plate 63 is slightly lowered to improve the transfer of the load 1 such as a container. ).
[0057]
(3) Only the load 1 on the pallet 2 is received (FIG. 6C).
The slip sheet 2A is pressed by a sheet pressing claw (not shown) of the load transfer pusher 22, and only the load 1 (container or cardboard box) on the slip sheet 2A is pressed by the load transfer pusher 22, and the slide plate 63 is pressed. Transfer to the top. At this time, the load 1 is loaded on the pallet 2 in advance so that the load 1 is shifted toward the leading end side of the slide plate 63.
[0058]
(4) The pallet 2 is discharged (FIG. 6D).
After receiving the load 1 on the slide plate 63, the loading device 30 retreats the loading cart 35 and returns the base plate 62 and the slide plate 63 of the loading body 61 from above the loading tray 23. The empty pallets 2 are discharged by the receiving conveyor 21.
[0059]
(Loading procedure) (Figs. 7 to 10)
(1) Move to the truck 4 where the load 1 (large load) is to be loaded (FIG. 7A).
When starting loading, the operator inputs the type (short, standard, long) of the truck 4 to be loaded and the truck stop position number to the control device of the loading device 30.
[0060]
Next, after the load 1 is received by the loading device 30 as described above, the loading device 30 is moved to the truck 4 where the load 1 is to be loaded. At this time, the length L of the target truck 4 is measured by the distance measuring device 81. The distance measuring device 81 is attached by the traveling body 31 of the loading device 30 as described above, and the distance measuring device 81 passes in front of the loading platform 4A of the truck 4 while traveling from the load receiving platform 23 to the target truck 4. At this time, it is measured with a laser or the like.
[0061]
Based on the distance measurement result, it is checked whether the type of the track 4 matches the data input to the control device, and if incorrect, the operator is notified by a display. For example, if the standard type is input but a short is issued, that is warned, and the operator understands that the next small load 1 cannot be loaded. Therefore, it is determined whether to load the small load 1 on another truck 4. This will be described in detail below. That is, one large load and one small load can be placed on the standard type truck 4. In anticipation of this, the small cargo is loaded in advance to the store to be delivered first, and the large cargo to the store to be delivered next, so that the large cargo and the small cargo are combined and loaded in advance. Therefore, if you think that it is a standard type, after loading a large load, it is necessary to load a small load that complies with it, but if you mistakenly load a large load on a short type truck, You will not be able to load the opposite small load. Therefore, in order to avoid such a case, if it is different, work to load the load on another standard type truck or unload the load once and bring another short type load The person shall judge.
[0062]
If the result of the distance measurement is correct, the load 1 is loaded on the truck 4.
When the target truck 4 is set, the loading device 30 automatically moves and is positioned on the loading platform 4A of the target truck 4. At this time, instead of detecting the truck 4 and stopping, the loading device 30 does not stop. Stopping is performed with reference to a dog provided corresponding to the positioning line 5. Therefore, when the track 4 is displaced from the positioning line 5, it cannot be accurately positioned on the truck bed 4A. In this case, the adjustment is performed by manually running the loading device 30.
[0063]
(2) The loading cart 35 is moved, and the loading body 61 is inserted into the loading platform 4A (FIG. 7B).
The loading truck 35 is moved to the truck loading platform 4A side, and the load 1 and the loading body 61 are inserted into the loading platform 4A.
[0064]
At this time, the length k of the load from the back of the loading platform 4A₁  + Α is left. Since the carrier length L was measured in the above (1), the carrier 35 was
Movement amount = (L− (k₁  + Α)) + a (1)
(A: distance between the end face of the loading platform and the tip of the slide plate 63 (constant))
(Load length k is large: 2.2 m, small: 1.1 m).
[0065]
When the loading body 61 is inserted into the loading platform 4A, the posture of the base plate 62 is automatically adjusted so as to be along the loading platform 4A. That is, when the load 61 is inserted into the load 4A while the base plate 62 is slightly higher than the upper surface of the load 4A and the tip of the load 61 is slightly lifted, the limit switch 72B at the center of the base plate 62 moves to the upper surface of the load 4A. , The loading body 61 is lowered, and then the loading body 61 is tilted until the limit switch 72C at the tip detects the upper surface of the loading platform 4A so that the attitude of the base plate 62 follows the upper surface of the loading platform 4A. .
[0066]
The pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 are connected by the connection device 110 before and after the loading body 61 is inserted into the loading platform 4A. Specifically, the connecting pin 112 is engaged with the engagement hole 113A by the cylinder 111.
[0067]
(3) The slide plate 63 is pushed in by the pusher device 51 (FIG. 7C).
The slide plate 63 is pushed by the pusher device 51 via the connecting device 110. The slide plate 63 slides on the base plate 62, and loads the load 1 and moves into the loading platform 4A.
[0068]
Since the slide plate 63 includes the wheels 65, the slide plate 63 can move on the carrier 4 smoothly. At this time, since the load 1 and the slide plate 63 are in close contact with each other, they do not shift.
[0069]
The stroke of the pusher device 51 is 2.2 m or more. When the limit switch 71 at the tip of the slide plate 63 detects the inner wall surface 4B of the loading platform 4A, the pushing operation of the pusher device 51 is stopped. The tip can be accurately inserted to the back wall 4B of the carrier.
[0070]
Note that the stroke of the pusher device 51 may be set to (2.2 m + α), and the pusher device 51 may be pushed out by a full stroke. Also in this case, similarly, the tip of the slide plate 63 can be accurately inserted to the back wall 4B of the loading platform. Here, the reason for using the limit switch 71 is to ensure that the load 1 can be reliably inserted into the back of the bed even when the length of the bed is not accurately measured.
[0071]
Note that the posture of the base plate 62 with respect to the loading platform 4A is also adjusted during the loading operation of the load 1. When the load 1 is loaded, the loading platform 4A is lowered by the weight of the load. Therefore, when this is detected by the depth of the limit switches 72B and 72C, the loading operation is temporarily stopped and the posture adjustment of the base plate 62 described in the above (2) is performed. Do. In this case, the posture of the base plate 62 may always follow the level of the carrier 4A without suspending the work. Here, the descent of the loading platform 4A occurs rapidly, so that if the posture of the base plate 62 cannot be followed in time, the base plate 62 and the slide plate 63 may be broken together, and the slide plate 63 may not be able to be pulled back smoothly. There is a break so there is.
[0072]
(4) The connection between the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 by the connection device 110 is released, the slide plate 63 is pulled back, and the load 1 is unloaded (FIG. 8A). Specifically, the connecting pin 112 is pulled out from the engagement hole 113A by the cylinder 111.
[0073]
The slide plate 63 is pulled back while the position of the pusher device 51 is kept as it is, and the load 1 is lowered to the loading platform 4A.
[0074]
Since the load 1 is unloaded on the spot, the load 1 is not pushed down on the loading platform 4A and falls down due to frictional force with the loading platform 4A. Since the load 1 is stacked near the front end of the slide plate 63, there is a wall surface 4B at the back of the loading platform 4A in the immediate vicinity of the load 1. Therefore, even if the load 1 tries to fall down due to the step between the slide plate 63 and the loading platform 4A, the load 1 leans against the wall 4B and is supported.
[0075]
In addition, since the load 1 is transferred to the loading platform 4A in order from the front, the loading platform 4A is lowered as "ton", but when the base plate 62 is higher than the upper surface of the loading platform 4A, the base plate 62 and the loading platform 4A are moved. Since the slide plate 63 provided on the base plate breaks with each other and the operation of pulling the slide plate 63 back from the base plate 62 cannot be performed smoothly, the posture adjustment of the base plate 62 described in (2) is performed in this case also. The posture of the base plate 62 is made to follow the upper surface of the carrier 4A.
[0076]
(5) The pusher device 51 and the loading cart 35 are returned (FIG. 8B).
When the pusher device 51 is contracted, the loading cart 35 is returned to the original position, and when the load 1 is further loaded, the load 1 is moved to the load receiving end of the load transfer device 20 to receive the next load 1 and receives the load 1.
[0077]
(6) Further, the load 1 (small package) to be received is received and moved to the truck 4 (FIG. 8C).
When the load 1 is further added (standard or long truck 4), similarly, the load 1 is stacked near the leading end of the slide plate 63.
[0078]
(7) The loading cart 35 is moved (FIG. 9A).
The length L of the loading platform measured in the above (1) and the length K of the loaded cargo.₁  Then, the position where the loading body 61 is inserted is determined, and the loading truck 35 is moved toward the loading platform 4A.
[0079]
Length of load k₂  Is 1.1m
Movement amount = L-k₁  − (K₂  + Α) + a (2)
When the loading cart 35 is moved only, the load length k is between the already loaded load 1A and the tip of the slide plate 63.₂  The loaded body 61 can be inserted with a gap left by + α.
[0080]
(8) The pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 are connected by the connecting device 110 (FIG. 9B).
[0081]
The pusher device 51 is moved forward, and when the detector 115 below the pusher plate 54 detects the engagement hole display portion 116 on the slide plate 63 side, the pusher device 51 is stopped. Then, the operation of the cylinder 111 causes the connection pin 112 to engage with the engagement hole 113B.
[0082]
(9) The slide plate 63 is pushed in by the pusher device 51 (FIG. 9C).
The base plate 63 is pushed by the pusher device 51 via the connecting device 110, and the load 1 and the slide plate 63 are inserted into the loading platform 4A.
[0083]
In this case as well, as in (3) above, when the limit switch 71 at the tip of the slide plate 63 detects the load 1, the pushing operation of the pusher device 51 is stopped.
[0084]
In the same manner as described above, the full stroke of the pusher device 51 may be set to (2.2 m + α) to perform the full stroke extrusion.
[0085]
(10) The connection between the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 by the connection device 110 is released, the slide plate 63 is pulled back, and the load 1 is unloaded (FIG. 10A). Specifically, the connecting pin 112 is pulled out of the engaging hole 113B by the cylinder 111.
[0086]
The slide plate 63 is pulled back while the position of the pusher device 51 is kept as it is, and the load 1 is lowered to the loading platform 4A.
[0087]
(11) The pusher device 51 and the loading cart 35 are returned (FIG. 10B).
The pusher device 51 and the loading truck 53 are returned, and the service to the next truck 4 is performed.
[0088]
Hereinafter, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
{Circle around (1)} The load 1 and the slide plate 63 are loaded by the pusher device 51 such that the load 1 and the slide plate 63 are brought into close proximity to the front wall (the wall 4B of the load 4A or the wall 1B of the load 1 previously loaded). After loading to the position, the load 1 is loaded by pulling out only the slide plate 63 while holding the pusher device 51 as it is. Therefore, when the slide plate 63 is pulled out, even if the load 1 is stumbled, the load 1 is supported by the front wall on the loading platform 4A and does not collapse.
[0089]
(2) When pushing in with the pusher device 51, the load 1 and the slide plate 63 are moved to a position close to and opposed to the front wall on the loading platform 4A. That is, the load 1 can be stably loaded at an appropriate position near the front wall on the back side of the loading platform 4A. For this reason, the load 1 is not pushed too much and is not crushed. In addition, the loading space for the next load 1 on the loading platform 4A is not lost due to insufficient loading of the load 1.
[0090]
(3) When the load 1 is loaded by the pusher device 51, the pusher device 51 is connected to the slide plate 63 and the slide plate 63 is securely pushed, so that even when the load 1 is light, the slide plate 63 remains stopped. There is no such thing as the load 1 is pushed out and the load collapses. In other words, the pusher device 51 can reliably and stably position the load 1 on the slide plate 63 at the load position through the reliable pushing of the slide plate 63.
[0091]
{Circle around (4)} The position of the load 1 placed on the slide plate 63 is previously brought to the loading platform 4A side of the slide plate 63, and the pusher device 51 is connected to the slide plate 63 to push the slide plate 63. Thereby, when pushing the slide plate 63 by the pusher device 51 and setting the load 1 to the loading position close to the front wall on the loading platform 4A, the load 1 moves on the slide plate 63 from the intermediate position. It is set to the loading position together with the slide plate 63 without being slid to the loading platform 4A side. Therefore, before the load 1 is set at the loading position, the load 1 can be prevented from tripping and collapsing if the load 1 slides on the slide plate 63.
[0092]
Further, the load 1 is moved to the leading end side of the slide plate 63, the stacking slide plate 63 is moved to the initial position (from the back of the loading platform 4A to the front of the load length), and the pusher device 51 pushes the slide plate 63 by a fixed amount. Since the load 1 is accurately moved to the loading position at the back of the loading platform 4A, the load 1 is not excessively pushed and crushed, and the loading space is not lost due to insufficient pushing.
[0093]
{Circle around (5)} In the loading device 30, the loading body 61 includes a base plate 62 and a slide plate 63, and the pusher device 51 and the slide plate 63 can be connected. Therefore, after the pusher device 51 is connected to the slide plate 63 and the load 1 and the slide plate 63 are pushed by the pusher device 51 to the loading position close to the front wall on the loading platform 4A, the pusher device 51 is pushed. By releasing the connection between the slide plate 63 and the slide plate 63, it is possible to pull back only the slide plate 63 while holding the pusher device 51 as it is, and it can be used as a device that realizes the above (1) to (4). .
[0094]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to load a load to the loading position of the loading platform without causing load collapse.
Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to stably load a load at an appropriate position near the front wall on the back side of the loading platform.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing shipping equipment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a loading device;It is.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a loading body;It is.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a connecting device.It is.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a modification of the connecting device.It is.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a procedure (1) to (4) for transferring a load;It is.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing loading procedures (1) to (3).It is.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing loading procedures (4) to (6).It is.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing loading procedures (7) to (9).It is.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a loading procedure (10).It is.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a loading work space in the example of the present invention.It is.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a loading work space in a conventional example.It is.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional loading method.
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a collapse occurrence state of a comparative example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 load
4 tracks
4A carrier
30 Loading device
31 Running body
35 loading trolley
51 Pusher device
61 loading body
62 Base plate
63 slide plate
81  Distance measuring device
110 coupling device

Claims (5)

In the loading method of loading a load to the loading position of the loading platform,
Load the cargo by bringing it to the loading platform side of the slide plate,
Pusher device connects the pusher device and the slide plate was in contact with the load, pushing the slide plate to the depressed position by the pusher device, facing in proximity the load and the slide plate to the front wall of the loading platform loading write position After moving to
The connection between the pusher device and the slide plate is released, and the load is transferred to the load position by pulling back the slide plate from the load position while holding the pusher device at the pushing position. How to load. The load is moved to the slide plate carrier side and stacked,
After positioning the tip of the slide plate from the front wall at the loading position by the load length,
The load loading method according to claim 1, wherein the slide plate is pushed by a pusher device. A loading truck that moves back and forth with respect to the loading position of the loading platform,
A loading body provided on the loading trolley for loading the load;
A loader provided on the loading cart and having a pusher device for moving the load on the loader toward the loading position,
The loading body is composed of a base plate fixed to the loading cart side, and a slide plate that can freely enter and exit the base plate,
The load is brought to the slide plate carrier side and stacked, and when the pusher device comes into contact with the load, the pusher device and the slide plate are connected, the slide plate is pushed to the pushing position by the pusher device, and the load and the slide plate are placed in front of the load platform. After moving to the loading position opposed to the wall, the connection between the pusher device and the slide plate is released, and the slide plate is pulled back from the loading position while the pusher device is held at the pushing position. The load loading device is capable of transferring a load to a loading position . 4. The load loading device according to claim 3, wherein a connection device between the pusher device and the slide plate can be changed. The load loading device according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising a distance measuring device that measures a length dimension of the loading platform.

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