JP3562364B2 - Backlash prevention device for fishing reels - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for preventing a backlash phenomenon caused by excessive rotation of a spool when releasing fishing line in a dual-bearing reel for fishing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a means for preventing the spool from rotating excessively when the fishing line is released from a dual-bearing fishing reel, an eddy current is generated by rotating an electric conductor rotating integrally with the spool in a magnetic field by a permanent magnet. There are a magnetic braking method for braking and a centrifugal braking method for braking the spool by using the centrifugal force applied to a brake shoe that rotates integrally with the spool.
In addition, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-262518, a system using both a magnetic braking system and a centrifugal braking system is known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the magnetic braking system, there is no frictional component, the durability is excellent, and no noise is generated, and the system is quiet. However, the eddy current is generated as long as the reel is rotating, and the eddy current generated is increased as the rotational speed of the spool is increased, so that the braking force acting on the spool is also increased. At the beginning of casting, a large braking force acts on the spool even when the device is in flight and there is no risk of backlash, ie, when the spool is being pulled by the fishing line (device) and rotating at high speed. In addition, since the braking force is always applied to the spool, the flight distance of the device bound to the tip of the fishing line has been greatly sacrificed.
[0004]
In the centrifugal braking system, the brake pad is pressed against the inner wall of the spool by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation, and a frictional force is generated, and the braking force is generated by the frictional force. Therefore, although the structure is simple, the braking force acting on the spool is proportional to the square of the rotation number of the spool, so that a large braking force is applied only at high speed rotation, and the brake is hardly applied at low speed rotation. For this reason, the flying distance of the tackle tied to the tip of the fishing line is greatly reduced as in the case of the magnetic brake method, and the fishing line is entangled due to the backlash phenomenon when sudden stalling of the tackle occurs due to gusts etc. at low speed rotation. Occurs. Further, since the brake pad is worn, the braking force is not constant, and it is necessary to replace worn parts.
[0005]
On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-262518, when a spool rotates at a high speed, a centrifugal force causes a cylindrical conductor rotating in conjunction with the spool to enter the groove of the magnet ring and generate eddy current. It is a mechanism to do. When the rotational speed of the spool decreases and the centrifugal force decreases, the cylindrical conductor comes out of the groove of the magnet ring due to the repulsive force of the spring, so that no eddy current is generated and the braking force does not act.
The feature of this system is a magnetic brake system that applies a large braking force only when the spool rotates at high speed, and the problem of the magnetic brake system has not been solved.
[0006]
Generally, the backlash phenomenon caused by excessive rotation of the spool is likely to occur about one second after the peak of the fishing line release speed and immediately after the device bound to the tip of the fishing line has landed. On the other hand, in the centrifugal braking method, the magnitude of the braking force is proportional to the square of the spool rotation speed. Therefore, regardless of the rotation speed of the spool, the optimal braking force corresponding to the operating state of the spool must be applied. Could not.
Further, in a magnetic braking system using a permanent magnet or the like, a large braking force is obtained as the rotational speed of the spool increases, and the magnitude of the braking force is also controlled by a method of changing the distance between the magnet and the conductor. Was. In this method, the flying distance of the device was reduced because the braking force was always applied. Further, it is necessary to move a magnet or a conductor, which complicates the structure and does not allow stable control.
[0007]
In the above-described braking system, when the mechanism is suddenly stalled due to a head wind or a cross wind, it is not possible to cope with a change in the release speed of the fishing line, and the fishing line is entangled due to a backlash phenomenon due to excessive rotation of the spool. As a countermeasure, in practice, the braking device is adjusted so that a large braking force is always applied to the spool. For this reason, the flight distance of the device had to be greatly reduced.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a fishing machine comprising a coil provided on a reel body and a magnet fixed to a spool and rotating around the outer periphery of the coil integrally with the spool is used for fishing. A dual-bearing reel, in which a generator consisting of a coil and a magnet, a high-speed switch connected to the generator, a rotation speed detector of the spool, and a fishing line tension calculated from a rate of change of the spool rotation speed. An overspeed of the spool is prevented by using a signal processing device for instructing short-circuiting or opening of the high-speed switch so as to be within a preset range .
[0009]
[Action]
According to the present invention, when the spool is rotating under tension from the fishing line, the rate of decrease in the rotation speed of the spool is smaller than when the spool rotates alone (when there is no tension from the fishing line). It is made by paying attention to this.
That is, the technical idea of the present invention is that the ideal fishing line tension acting on the spool is set in advance, and this ideal tension is always applied to the spool. By controlling the load on the generator connected to the spool by opening / short-circuiting, the tension from the fishing line was controlled. "
[0010]
Further, in the spool braking force control of the fishing reel according to the present invention, for the first time, the load control of the generator is performed by a high-speed switch, which is a completely different control system from the conventional spool braking force control system. In addition, the spool braking force is stably and freely controlled by electronic control, and the change rate of the rotation speed of the spool is measured and calculated to calculate the tension of the fishing line. The load of the generator connected to the spool is controlled by opening / short-circuiting a high-speed switch so that the tension becomes a preset target value.
[0011]
The ideal braking force control for the spool is to match the rotational speed of the spool with the release speed of the fishing line. However, since the release speed of the fishing line cannot be measured by a simple method, the change rate of the rotation speed of the reel is always measured instead of the release speed of the fishing line, and the tension of the fishing line is calculated from the change rate. The load on the generator is adjusted by short-circuiting and opening the generator connected to the spool so that the set target value is obtained, and the braking force applied to the spool is controlled.
[0012]
The relationship between the change rate (attenuation characteristic) of the rotation speed of the spool and the tension applied to the spool from the fishing line will be described with reference to FIG.
At a certain time point (Δt _n ), when a change in the rotation speed of the spool occurs, the difference between the rotation speed (Δω _n and the difference between the rotation speed in the case where the spool is free to rotate independently without tension from the fishing line at this time). Is due to the rotational driving force (torque) generated by the tension from the fishing line. Assuming that the rate of change of the rotation speed at this time is (Δω _n / Δt _n ), the drive torque T for rotating the spool at this time can be calculated by the following equation of motion.
T _n = J * (Δω _n / Δt _n ) (1) where J is a moment of inertia of the spool, and Δt _n is a sampling interval of the rotation speed (a slit at a certain point of a rotation speed detector described later). (Elapsed time for one pitch).
[0013]
If the spool driving torque can be calculated from the equation (1), the tension can be obtained from the radius (usually 15 to 20 mm) of the point of application of the fishing line.
An open / short command is given to the high-speed switch so that this tension falls within an ideal range (for example, 0.02 to 0.05 N as a target value). That is, if the calculated tension from the fishing line exceeds the target value, the signal processor issues an opening command to the high-speed switch to release the braking force on the spool. Conversely, when the tension from the fishing line is lower than the target value, the signal processing device gives a short-circuit command to the high-speed switch to apply a braking force to the spool, thereby preventing the spool from rotating excessively.
[0014]
Depending on the winding state of the fishing line, the radius (rotation radius) where the moment of inertia and the tension of the spool act, that is, the rotation driving force (torque) due to the tension from the fishing line changes. As the release of the fishing line progresses, the winding of the fishing line decreases, the moment of inertia of the spool decreases, and the turning radius on which the tension acts decreases, and the driving torque also decreases. In addition, it has been confirmed by experiments that these effects in the present control method are small error ranges in combination with the above, and do not affect control accuracy.
Although the operation state of the brake is shown on the lower side of FIG. 6, the brake is ON (operation state) at Δt _n , but does not need to be ON (ON / OFF is not determined only in this graph). Absent). Here, it is shown that the rate of decrease in the rotational speed of the spool differs depending on the operation state of the brake.
[0015]
In the spool braking force control method according to the present invention, the braking force applied to the spool is controlled to a necessary minimum irrespective of the rotation speed of the spool. In the early stage of casting, when the rotation speed of the reel reaches the maximum rotation speed, at the moment when the tackle (weight) lands and the release of the fishing line stops, or when the fishing line suddenly releases due to gusts, etc., the braking force can be controlled accurately, so the backlash The phenomenon and the slack of the fishing line can be prevented, and the required minimum braking force is applied, so that the flying distance is not sacrificed at the time of casting.
In addition, the braking force is always controlled by the same method, and the device itself is simple and compact because it is composed of a high-speed switch and a signal processing device.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on illustrated embodiments. 1 to 4 relate to the structure of a fishing reel according to the present invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fishing reel according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view at a position AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at a position BB in FIG. 1, and FIG. It is an enlarged view in C section.
[0017]
Next, FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a spool braking force control system according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a graph for explaining the relationship between the change in the rotation speed of the spool and the fishing line tension.
[0018]
An embodiment of a fishing reel according to the present invention will be described below.
At least one pair of arc / annular permanent magnets 211 is configured to rotate integrally with the spool 200, and the spool 200 is supported by the reel body 100 by bearings 216 so that it can rotate freely with respect to the reel body. Is configured. The laminated iron core 212 is fixed to the reel body 100 via a spool shaft 214, but is supported by the bearing 215 with respect to the spool 200. Stationary in the center.
As described above, a generator is configured by rotating the permanent magnet 211 around the outer periphery of the conductor including the coil 213 and the laminated core 212 while generating a magnetic field.
[0019]
Next, the configuration of the braking force control system of the spool according to the present invention shown in FIG. 5 will be described. A slit 225 provided with grooves at equal intervals on an annular outer peripheral portion is fixed to the spool so as to rotate integrally with the spool 200. A photo interrupter 226 is installed at a position facing the slit 225 and fixed to the reel unit 100. The rotation speed of the spool is detected by the photo interrupter 226. That is, a time (corresponding to Δt _n described above) from the passage of the slit groove through the photointerrupter to the passage of the next groove through the photointerrupter is measured, and the rotation speed of the spool at this moment is converted into a digital signal. The value is calculated by a processor (DSP) 219. Similarly, the rotational speed of the spool when the next groove passes is calculated and obtained. In this manner, by sequentially calculating the rotational speed of the spool when passing between the grooves, the rate of change in the rotational speed of the spool can also be calculated and obtained. In this manner, the tension at each moment of the fishing line can be calculated from the above-described equation (1).
[0020]
An arc / annular permanent magnet 211 fixed to the spool 200 rotates around the laminated core 212 and the coil winding 213 fixed to the reel body 100 and a generator and a high-speed switch, for example. The transistor (FET) 220 is electrically connected. That is, the coil winding 213 constituting the generator and the high-speed switch, for example, the transistor 220 are electrically connected. The transistor 220 is also electrically connected to the digital signal processor 219, and forms the circuit shown in FIG.
[0021]
Next, when the signal from the photointerrupter 226 is input to the digital signal processor 219, the rotation speed of the spool is calculated and calculated, and the rate of change of the rotation speed of the spool (Δω _n / Δt _n ) is calculated. Te, and calculates the fishline tension _{T n} from (1). The fishline tension T _n gives a command to open / short circuit to the transistor 220 such that the preset range. If the rotation speed of the spool is faster than the release speed of the fishing line, the fishing line tension is necessarily zero. Accordingly, a short circuit command is given from the digital signal processor 219 to the transistor 220 to bring the circuit into a connected state. As a result, a current flows through the circuit due to the electromotive force generated by the generator, and is consumed as heat energy by the resistor portion such as the transistor 220.
[0022]
In this way, the load is applied to the generator, and the rotational speed of the spool decreases. If the rotation speed of the spool is lower than the release speed of the fishing line, the spool receives tension from the fishing line. When the tension from the fishing line falls within a preset range, the digital signal processor 219 gives an opening command to the transistor 220 to release the braking force on the spool. Thereafter, the spool is driven by the fishing line and the generator circuit is maintained in the disconnected state, so that no current flows, and the spool can maintain high-speed rotation without load on the generator. .
[0023]
In a state where the tension from the fishing line is not acting (while the spool is rotating alone), there is no driving torque from the fishing line, and the reduction rate of the rotation speed of the spool becomes large due to various resistances. On the contrary, when the tension from the fishing line is acting on the spool, the reduction rate of the rotation speed of the spool is small because this tension becomes the driving torque for rotating the spool. That is, in this state, tension is applied to the spool from the fishing line, and the backlash phenomenon does not occur.
[0024]
In summary, in the present invention, the rotation speed of the spool is detected by the photo-interrupter 226, and the change rate of the rotation speed of the spool and the fishing line tension are calculated by the digital signal processor 219. If the fishing line tension is smaller than the preset range, a short circuit command is given from the digital signal processor 219 to the transistor 220, and a current flows through the generator circuit to apply a braking force to the spool. This state is maintained until the fishing line tension falls within a preset range. When the fishing line tension reaches a set value, an opening command is given from the digital signal processor 219 to the transistor 220 to shut off the generator circuit and release the braking force on the spool.
[0025]
In the present invention configured as described above, the actual operation state of the braking force of the spool will be described below. Since the spool 200 is under tension from the fishing line while the fishing line is being released in the early stage of the casting, an opening command is transmitted from the digital signal processor 219 to the transistor 220. Immediately after the tackle (weight) has landed, the tension from the fishing line is lost, and the spool is idled. At this time, the fishing line tension calculated based on the signal from the photo interrupter 226 becomes zero, and a short circuit command is transmitted from the digital signal processor 219 to the transistor 220. Due to this short-circuit command, the generator is in a power generation state and the rotational speed of the spool is high, so that the generated electromotive force is also high. Therefore, the drive torque for rotating the spool 200 also needs a large value. This state is a state in which a large braking force is applied to the spool, thereby preventing the occurrence of the backlash phenomenon.
The current generated by the generator is consumed by the copper loss of the transistor and the coil, and is dissipated as heat. That is, the transistor and the coil constitute a load (resistance) of the generator circuit.
[0026]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. That is, in the present embodiment, the configuration is such that the coil is fixed and the magnet is rotated, but the reverse configuration is also possible. That is, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a magnet is fixed and current is extracted from a rotating coil using a slip ring or the like. In addition, the permanent magnet is abolished, and a power supply such as a battery is connected to the coil to flow current. It is also possible to control the braking force on the spool by opening and shorting this current with a transistor.
Also, using a piezoelectric element instead of a magnet or a coil, the displacement surface of the piezoelectric element is brought into contact with the spool by turning on / off the piezoelectric element with a transistor, or the braking force is controlled by bringing the displacement surface into a non-contact state ( (A brake pad of a centrifugal brake is operated by a piezoelectric element).
[0027]
FIG. 7 shows an actual measurement result of the spool rotation speed according to the present invention. In the apparatus in which the braking force of the spool is controlled as in the present invention, the decrease in the rotation speed of the spool is smaller than in the conventional case in which only the magnetic force control (magnetic braking method) is performed (when no braking force control is performed). But the time to land is longer. That is, the flight distance of the device is large. Also, no backlash phenomenon occurred at the time of landing on water or the like. The excellent effect of the present invention was confirmed.
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following excellent effects as described above.
(1) Since only the minimum braking force necessary to prevent the backlash phenomenon is applied to the spool, the flight distance of the device is not sacrificed, and the flight distance of the device is significantly improved as compared with the prior art. Was completed.
(2) Since the minimum necessary braking force is always applied to the spool, the backlash phenomenon can be completely prevented even if the mechanism is suddenly stalled due to headwind, crosswind or the like.
(3) No mechanical brake is required, and resistance during winding of a lure or the like is reduced, and the hit is easily recognized.
(4) Since the brake enters the full brake state after the landing of the device, it is not necessary to perform the summing (operation of stopping the rotation of the spool with the finger simultaneously with the landing of the device).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a reel according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a damping characteristic of a rotation speed of a spool.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in spool rotation speed depending on the presence or absence of tension control according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
100 Fishing reel body 200 Spool 211 Magnet 212 Laminated core 213 Coil winding 214 Spool shaft 215 Bearing 216 Bearing 217 Control circuit case 218 Substrate 219 Digital signal processor (DSP)
220 Transistor (FET)
221 button battery 222 male electrode 223 female electrode 224 electrode fixing substrate 225 slit 226 photo interrupter 230 cover

Claims (1)

A dual bearing reel for fishing comprising a generator provided with a coil provided on the reel body and a magnet fixed to the spool and rotating the outer periphery of the coil integrally with the spool, wherein the generator comprises a coil and a magnet. A high-speed switch connected to the generator, a rotational speed detector of the spool, and a short-circuit or open-circuit of the high-speed switch so that the fishing line tension calculated from the change rate of the spool rotational speed is within a preset range. A backlash preventing device for a fishing reel, which prevents an excessive rotation of a spool constituted by a signal processing device for issuing a command.

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