JP3564682B2 - Anchor method and pressing member used for it - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to, for example, an anchoring method for reinforcing and protecting a slope on a natural slope, a long cutting slope, a road, or the like in a landslide area, and a pressing member used in the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art For anchor works for slope protection work and landslide prevention work, a precast method frame or a large precast member has been conventionally used as a pressure receiving plate for a ground anchor. It is often used as a pressure receiving plate on natural slopes in landslide areas where disasters frequently occur and on long cut slopes where landslide collapse is likely to occur.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The precast pressure plate is large in both specifications and mass, and it is difficult to carry in and carry out products in mountainous areas and places where construction space is narrow.
For this reason, a cast-in-place pressure plate is often used.
However, in the case of a cast-in-place pressure plate, a concrete training period is required, which inevitably increases the construction period.
Generally, in the case of a landslide or a slope failure, the necessity of emergency construction is high, and it is difficult for an on-site pressure plate to effectively respond to emergency construction.
[0004]
Further, the conventional wide surface type precast pressure receiving plate receives a reaction force from the slope on the entire back surface.
However, the reaction force fulcrum may be fixed, for example, when there is some unevenness in the ground or the like, and in such a case, stress concentration may occur in the product, and the product may be extremely damaged.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide an anchor method capable of always efficiently and appropriately performing an efficient construction and a pressing member used for the method.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Thus, the present inventor has conducted intensive research on such a background of the problem, and as a result, it has been found that the degree of freedom of the size of the pressing member can be obtained by assembling it on site using the square bar and the H steel material. The present invention has been completed based on the findings described above.
[0007]
That is, the present invention provides (1) a slope contact member which is formed by arranging rectangular parallelepiped members in parallel and directly contacts a slope, a pressing member which presses the slope contact member, and A step of forming a fixed-length anchor insertion hole in the slope, in an anchoring method for protecting the slope by pressing a pressing member formed of a supporting plate for pressing the pressing member against the slope, A step of injecting grout such as cement milk into the insertion hole to fix the anchor, and appropriately selecting the number of the slope contact member and the pressing member, which are parts of the pressing member, to the pressing member of a predetermined size. An anchor method includes an assembling step and a step of fixing the pressing member to the anchor and pressing the slope.
[0008]
And (2) , the assembling consists in the anchoring method performed by temporary fixing.
[0009]
And (3) a pressing member used in the anchoring method, which is pressed against the slope to protect the slope, wherein the pressing member is formed by arranging rectangular parallelepiped members in parallel and directly contacting the slope. The pressing member includes a surface contact member, a pressing member that presses the slope contact member, and a support plate that presses the pressing member.
[0010]
Further, (4) a plurality of pressing members used in the anchoring method, which are formed by arranging parallelepiped members in parallel with each other and pressing the slope to protect the slope by pressing the slope. There is a pressing member including a plurality of slope contact members, a plurality of pressing members for pressing the slope contact member, and a support plate for pressing the pressing member.
[0011]
(5) The pressing member may further include a first pressing member that directly presses the slope contact member, and a second pressing member that presses the first pressing member. Press member.
[0012]
Also, (6) the slope contact member is a pressing member employing a concrete square or H-section steel.
[0013]
Further, (7) the pressing member is a pressing member employing a concrete square member or an H-section steel.
[0014]
(8) In addition, the slope contact member and the pressing member are in a pressing member that can be temporarily fixed to each other.
[0017]
The present invention can also adopt a configuration in which two or more selected from the above 1 to 8 are combined as long as this object is met.
[0018]
According to the present invention, the size of the pressing member can be freely selected, and the mass and size of one component of the component are also reduced by combining the concrete square material and the H steel, which are the components, locally. Therefore, loading and unloading becomes extremely easy.
By assembling efficiently on site, it is possible to respond quickly and appropriately in case of emergency construction.
Further, since the pressing member has a structure in which a plurality of independent members (parts) are combined, it is possible to prevent the reaction force fulcrum from being fixed, thereby facilitating the unevenness adjustment.
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an anchor method according to the present invention and a pressing member used therein will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example (first embodiment) of a pressing member 10 used in the anchoring method according to the present invention.
[0020]
FIG. 2 schematically shows a state in which the pressing member 10 is fixed by the anchor 1.
The pressing member 10 has a function of protecting and stabilizing the slope by pressing the slope.
The pressing member 10 is made up of a plurality of components, and has a side surface contact member 11 that directly contacts the side surface, a pressing member 12 for pressing the side surface contact member 11, and presses the pressing member 12. And a supporting plate 13.
Therefore, as described above, the size can be selected by assembling.
[0021]
In this embodiment, a plurality (eight in the illustrated example) of the slope contact members 11 that directly contact the slope and a plurality of (two in the illustrated example) pressurizing the slope contact members 11 are illustrated. It includes a member 12 and a support plate 13 (one in the illustrated example) that presses the pressing member 12.
The slope contact members 11 are preferably arranged side by side using a rectangular parallelepiped concrete square member.
The pressure member 12 is preferably formed from an H-beam.
The dimensions, size, number of used, and the like of the slope contact member 11 can be appropriately set according to the state (for example, the size) of the place (site) where the anchor method is to be constructed.
Therefore, it is natural that the size and the number of the pressing members 12 for pressing the slope contact members 11 together change accordingly.
[0022]
In FIG. 2A, an anchor 1 buried almost perpendicular to a slope S includes an anchor material 2 (tendon) and a sheath 3 surrounding the anchor material 2 (tendon).
The head 1a of the anchor 1 is protruded from the slope S in a state where the anchor 1 is buried in a grout 4 such as cement milk or the like as an injection material in an anchor excavation hole.
The pressing member 10, specifically, the support plate 13 of the pressing member is fixed to the head 1 a of the anchor 1 using the fixing tool 5.
[0023]
Here, the anchor material (tendon) refers to a member that transmits a tensile force, and usually, a PC steel wire or a PC steel rod, a polymer material, a glass fiber material, or the like is used.
Further, the sheath of the tubular body is used to sufficiently exhibit the function of the free length portion of the anchor material (tendon).
The fixing method shown in FIG. 2A uses a capsule 6 and a head cap 1a on the head 1a for the purpose of preventing the corrosion of tendons in the fixing portion of the anchor body as in the fixing method shown in FIG. 2B. There is also a method of filling and fixing the sealing material 8 in the sealing material 7.
[0024]
In the anchor method of the present invention, a step of forming a fixed-length anchor insertion hole in the slope S, a step of injecting grout such as cement milk into the anchor insertion hole to fix the anchor, The method includes a step of appropriately selecting the numbers of the contact members 11 and the pressing members 12 and assembling them into a predetermined size, and a step of fixing the pressing member 10 to an anchor and pressing the slope S.
[0025]
Next, a specific construction method of the pressing member 10 in the anchor method according to the present invention will be described.
First, a fixed length anchor insertion hole is excavated perpendicular to the slope S.
Next, the anchor 1 is inserted into the anchor insertion hole, and grout such as cement milk is filled (injected) and cured.
In this case, it usually takes about three days for early-strength cement and about seven days for ordinary cement.
Next, the pressing member 10, specifically, the supporting plate of the pressing member is attached to the anchor head.
[0026]
When the pressing member 10 is attached, there is a method in which a slope contact member 11 is first installed on the slope, and the pressing member 12 is temporarily fixed thereto.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 3A, the fixing angle 15 is connected to the side contact member 11 with the embedded insert 14, and the pressing member 12 is applied to the fixing angle 15 for positioning.
When two pressing members 12 are used, a temporary fixing is performed by positioning the pressing members 12 with a spacing adjustment member 16 interposed between the two pressing members 12.
[0027]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 3B, a method of temporarily fixing the pressing member 12 to the installed slope contact member 11 by using a fixing bolt 17 is also employed.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, there is a method of temporarily fixing the pressing member 12 to the slope contact member 11 by the insertion reinforcing bar 18.
[0028]
As a different method, there is a method in which the slope contact member 11 and the pressing member 12 are temporarily fixed in advance, and an assembly in which they are integrated is installed on the slope at once.
When temporarily fixed, since the pressing member is not rigid as a whole, a slight adjustment of the movement is possible and the construction is easy.
In any case, after the slope contact member 11 and the pressing member 12 are temporarily fixed, the anchor is initially tensioned using the support plate 13 to adjust the unevenness.
[0029]
Next, a quality assurance test and a one-cycle test of the anchor are usually performed.
The quality assurance test confirms that the anchor (anchor material) actually used is safe for the design anchor.
After the above test, the anchor is fully tensioned, and the pressing member is firmly pressed against the slope to fix the anchor.
This completes the construction.
[0030]
FIG. 4 shows a modification of the pressing member 10 in the construction of FIG.
(A) shows a case where the number of the slope contact members 11 of the pressing member is changed from eight to six.
(B) shows a case where a short pressing member 12A is used as the pressing member 12 of the pressing member.
(C) shows a case where a short pressing member 12A is used as the pressing member 12 of the pressing member, and the side surface contact member 11 is also a short side surface contact member 11A and the number thereof is reduced.
[0031]
As described above, by selecting the size of the pressing member 12 and the size of the side surface contact member 11, the pressing member can be freely assembled in various sizes.
Further, the slope is always pressurized by a plurality of independent slope contact members 11, so that there is no so-called one-side contact unlike the conventional wide-surface type slope contact member.
Therefore, the phenomenon of extreme stress concentration is avoided, and the irregularity adjustment becomes extremely easy.
That is, as shown in FIG. 5, by using a plurality of slope contact members 11, the reaction force can be dispersed, and the slope S can be uniformly and appropriately reinforced and protected.
[0032]
Here, FIGS. 6 and 7 show some construction examples of the pressing member 10.
6 (A) and 6 (B) are examples suitable for countermeasures against landslides in the ground, FIG. 7 (A) is an example suitable for roads, railroads or development, etc. FIG. Examples are given below.
For reference, FIG. 8 shows a preferred example of an arrangement pattern of the pressing member 10 with respect to the slope.
[0033]
FIG. 8 (A) shows that only a square pressing member is used for a square slope portion (a total of 25), and a slightly larger pressing member is used for an adjacent horizontally long rectangular slope surface (six). Further, an adjacent horizontal slope of the rectangular slope is an arrangement pattern using rectangular pressing members (four) having a small vertical width on the slope.
FIG. 8B shows square pressing members (13) arranged in a zigzag manner on a rectangular slope having a slightly longer width, and rectangular pressing members (2) having a smaller width in a zigzag manner. This is the arrangement pattern.
In this case, a small rectangular pressing member is used in combination with a square pressing member, because the end side of the slope is free.
[0034]
In the example shown above, pressing members having various sizes and forms can be procured on site according to the situation of the slope.
That is, it is possible to procure pressing members of various sizes and forms by selecting the size and number of the slope contact member, the pressing member, and the supporting plate.
Therefore, effective and appropriate construction can be efficiently realized.
[0035]
FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the pressing member of the present invention.
In this example, the pressing member 12 employs an H-shaped steel.
Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the above embodiment.
[0036]
FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the pressing member of the present invention.
In this example, the pressing member 12 is made of H-shaped steel, and a concrete flat plate 19 is laid under the pressing member.
Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the above embodiment.
[0037]
FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment of the pressing member of the present invention.
In this example, the pressing member 12 includes a first pressing member 12A at a lower stage for directly pressing the slope contact member 11 and a second pressing member at an upper stage for pressing the first pressing member 12A. It consists of a pressure member 12B.
The side surface contact member 11 is divided into two in the longitudinal direction, and is divided into an upper group X and a lower group Y in the drawing.
The pressing member presses the upper group X of the slope contact member 11 with the first pressing member 12A1 at the lower stage, and the lower side of the slope contact member 11 with the first pressing member 12A2 at the lower stage. The group Y is pressurized.
As described above, a large number of independent slope contact members 11 are provided, and irregularity adjustment is extremely reliable.
[0038]
The present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications and the like can be made within the scope of the present invention.
For example, the number of pressure members and slope contact members used can be variously changed as necessary, and their sizes are the same.
The shape of the supporting plate is not limited to the one shown in the drawing as long as it presses the pressing member accurately.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by appropriately selecting the size of the slope contact member and the pressing member, it is possible to procure a pressing member having an optimum size and shape suitable for the site, and to effectively and appropriately An efficient anchoring method can be constructed efficiently.
In addition, by using a plurality of independent slope contact members, it is easy to adjust the unevenness and the reaction force can be evenly distributed, and as a result, the slope can be properly reinforced and protected. it can.
In addition, since the pressing member can be assembled on site, its components, such as the slope contact member and the pressing member, are also reduced in volume and weight by unit, which is effective even in narrow construction places and places where it is difficult to carry heavy objects. Construction is possible.
[0040]
The volume of the slope contact member and the pressing member, which are components of the pressing member, can be mass-produced in advance, and the quality is stable.
Even when a slope contact member or a pressurizing member is installed on the slope using a crane or the like, it is temporarily fixed, so that a slight mutual movement adjustment is possible, and construction is easy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example (first embodiment) of a pressing member used in an anchor method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a pressing member is fixed in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method of temporarily fixing a slope contact member according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a modification of the pressing member of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a reaction force is dispersed by a slope contact member according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the construction of the pressing member according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a construction of a pressing member according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a preferred example of an arrangement pattern of a pressing member according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a pressing member according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a pressing member according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a pressing member according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... anchor 2 ... anchor material (tendon)
Reference Signs List 3 sheath 4 grout 5 fixing device 6 capsule 7 head cap 8 sealing material 10 pressing member 11 slope contact member 12 pressing member 12A pressing member 12A1 pressing member 12A2 Pressing member 13 ... Support plate 14 ... Embedded insert 15 ... Fixing angle 16 ... Spacing adjusting member 17 ... Fixing bolt 18 ... Reinforcing bar X ... Upper group Y ... Lower group

Claims (8)

A side surface contact member formed by arranging rectangular parallelepiped members in parallel and directly contacting the side surface, a pressing member for pressing the side surface contact member, and a supporting plate for pressing the pressing member In the anchoring method of protecting the slope by pressing the pressing member against the slope,
Forming a fixed length anchor insertion hole in the slope,
A step of injecting grout such as cement milk into the anchor insertion hole to fix the anchor,
A step of appropriately selecting the number of the slope contact member and the pressing member, which are parts of the pressing member, and assembling the pressing member of a predetermined size,
Fixing the pressing member to the anchor and pressing the slope,
An anchor method characterized by including. 2. The anchoring method according to claim 1, wherein the assembling is performed by temporary fixing. A pressing member that is used in the anchoring method and that presses against the slope to protect the slope,
A side surface contact member formed by arranging rectangular parallelepiped members in parallel and directly contacting the side surface, a pressing member for pressing the side surface contact member, and a supporting plate for pressing the pressing member A pressing member characterized in that: A pressing member that is used in the anchoring method and that presses against the slope to protect the slope,
A plurality of slope contact members that are formed by arranging rectangular parallelepiped members in parallel and that directly contact the slope, a plurality of pressure members that press the slope contact member, and the pressing member. A pressing member comprising a pressing plate for pressing. The said pressurizing member comprises a first pressurizing member that directly presses the slope contact member, and a second pressurizing member that presses the first pressurizing member. Item 5. The pressing member according to Item 4. The pressing member according to claim 4, wherein the slope contact member employs a concrete square member or an H-shaped steel. The pressing member according to claim 4, wherein the pressing member employs a concrete square member or an H-shaped steel. The pressing member according to claim 4, wherein the slope contact member and the pressing member can be temporarily fixed to each other.

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