JP3565633B2 - Segment for tunnel - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a butt end portion with respect to an adjacent segment body on each of both sides in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, a first connection portion having a segment connection bolt insertion hole at one of the two butt ends, and a female screw at the other end. A second connecting portion having a portion is provided, and when the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are connected by the connecting bolt, a screwing direction of the connecting bolt is a direction from the inside of the tunnel to an outside. The invention relates to an iron tunnel segment configured to be:
[0002]
[Prior art]
In principle, such iron tunnel segments have been formed by being integrally cast or integrally assembled.
The use of an iron segment is advantageous in forming a tunnel through which a fluid or the like flows, for example, in a sewer or the like. In this case, in order to reduce the flow resistance, it is desirable that the inner surface of the tunnel be a smooth surface. Therefore, the members constituting the inner wall surface of the tunnel among the constituent members of the segment are arranged on the center of curvature of the segment. It was formed into a so-called inner skin plate type.
On the other hand, connection work between adjacent segments must be performed from the inner side of the tunnel in principle. However, in order to keep the inner surface of the tunnel as smooth as possible, the smaller the bolt box for inserting the connecting bolt and securing the working area of the fastening tool, the better. Therefore, a segment is used in which the connecting bolt is screwed in a direction from the inside to the outside of the tunnel.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is a limit to the size in which such iron segments are integrally formed.
For example, in the case of casting, if the segment is too large, it is difficult to remove the mold after pouring because the segment is curved. That is, when the segment is viewed from the tunnel axis direction, the vertical ribs are attached in a position along the radial direction with the tunnel axis as a center in principle, and are not configured to be parallel to each other. Therefore, in order to cast a segment having a number of vertical ribs, it is necessary to use a plurality of molds on the outside of the segment, and there is a possibility that a complicated mold structure may be formed, resulting in poor production efficiency.
Also, when the size of the segment is large, the cooling rate of each part after pouring is not constant, and it is difficult to make the material uniform. Furthermore, when the external dimensions increase, the shrinkage margin and the like also increase, so that the dimensional accuracy tends to decrease.
On the other hand, when welding and assembling the segments of the inner skin plate type using a steel plate, it is necessary to process a bolt box for connecting the segments from the inner surface of the tunnel. In addition, the larger the segment size, the greater the welding deformation, so that the welding assembly operation itself becomes complicated and quality control becomes difficult.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art and to provide an iron segment that is easy to manufacture and has high dimensional accuracy.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(Configuration 1)
In order to achieve this object, the characteristic structure of the tunnel segment according to the present invention is, as described in claim 1, divided into a plurality of segment pieces in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the respective segment pieces are brought into contact with each other. Forming a third connecting portion that can be connected to each other, a bolt insertion hole in each of the third connecting portions, and connecting each of the third connecting portions with a bolt and a nut to connect the plurality of segment pieces to each other. In that they are integrated.
(Action / Effect)
As in this configuration, if one segment is further divided and formed as a segment piece, the production of each segment piece becomes easy. In other words, in the case of casting, the mold can be easily removed after pouring, the operation is simplified, and the variation in the cooling rate of each part is reduced, so that the material can be easily made uniform.
On the other hand, in the case of welding assembly, since welding deformation is reduced, quality control of dimensions and the like is facilitated.
Each segment piece is connected with a normal bolt and nut, but this operation is performed in a factory. Therefore, it is easy to correct the dimensional accuracy of the connected segments so as to be within the reference value.
As described above, by dividing one segment, particularly in the case of casting, an effect equivalent to that of integrally forming a large segment can be obtained.
[0006]
(Configuration 2)
According to the characteristic configuration of the tunnel segment of the present invention described in claim 2, a skin plate forming the tunnel inner wall surface is integrally formed on the center of curvature of the segment piece so as to configure the tunnel inner wall surface to be substantially smooth. On the point.
(Action / Effect)
If the segments are formed in a so-called inner skin plate type as in this configuration, when a fluid such as sewage flows inside the completed tunnel, the resistance can be reduced. In addition, even when used in a normal tunnel, there is an advantage that the secondary lining can be omitted.
In particular, in the case of manufacturing by casting, since the third connecting portions present in one segment piece are spread radially outward from the inner skin plate, the mold is removed after pouring. Becomes easier.
[0007]
(Configuration 3)
As described in claim 3, when one of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is formed in the fitting convex portion and the other is formed in the fitting concave portion, the following advantages are obtained.
(Action / Effect)
According to this configuration, it is possible to easily perform the alignment between the segments on the site. Also, the space behind the fitting projection, that is, the space inside the tunnel, can be used as a bolt box in which the head of the connection bolt is arranged. In addition, since the space can be made smaller than a case where a bolt box used for normal bolting is formed, the inner wall surface of the tunnel can be formed more smoothly. Further, as an incidental effect, an effect of reducing the chance of the bolt being corroded by moisture or the like accumulated in the concave portion can be expected.
Furthermore, when an external force acts on the segments from the radial direction of the tunnel, the shearing force acting between the segments is borne by the fitting portion, and the shearing force does not reach the connecting bolts. The strength will increase.
[0008]
(Configuration 4)
As described in claim 4, if the bolt insertion hole and the pilot hole for the female screw portion are integrally cast with the segment piece, the following advantages can be obtained.
(Action / Effect)
That is, the number of man-hours for manufacturing the segment pieces can be reduced, and the production efficiency of the segments can be improved.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
The tunnel segment S of the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as “segment S”) is an iron segment S obtained by casting or welding and assembling a steel plate. For example, as shown in FIGS. The segment pieces P are assembled. As shown in FIG. 3, this is, for example, one of the seven divided segments out of the segment S constructed in a ring shape.
In the segment S, for example, a first connecting portion 3 which is a fitting convex portion having a through hole 2 of a connecting bolt 1 is formed on a pair of adjacent two sides of the four sides, and another pair of adjacent segments is adjacent to each other. On two sides, a second connection portion 5 which is a fitting concave portion having a female screw portion 4 for receiving a connection bolt is formed.
[0011]
When connecting the segments S, the first connecting portion 3 of one adjacent segment S is connected to the second connecting portion 5 of the other segment S. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, in order to facilitate the alignment of the segments S, the first connecting portion 3 and the second connecting portion 5 have a receiving surface 6 and can be freely fitted. It is configured in a simple shape.
Further, both are fastened by using the connection bolt 1, but in order to facilitate the work at that time, the connection bolt 1 is configured to be screwed from the inner surface side of the tunnel to the outside. According to these configurations, even when an external force acts on the segment S from a radially outward direction of the tunnel, no shearing force acts on the connecting bolt 1 and the connecting bolt 1 receives the external force on the receiving surface 6 of the fitting portion. Since the force is borne, the connection between the segments S can be further strengthened.
[0012]
In addition, the segment S of the present invention is a so-called inner skin plate in which, for example, a skin plate 7 which is a member forming an inner wall surface of a tunnel among its constituent members is arranged on the center of curvature in order to apply to a sewer pipe or the like. In many cases, the segment S is configured to have a smooth inner surface. The schematic diagram is shown in FIG. In other words, the flow resistance on the inner surface of the tunnel is reduced while efficiently constructing the tunnel by omitting the secondary lining work after constructing the tunnel using the segment S, which is necessary in ordinary tunnel construction. It is to make it.
For this purpose, the above-mentioned bolt structure screwed outward of the tunnel also contributes. That is, since the connecting bolt 1 is screwed in an oblique direction, the so-called bolt box 9 into which a tool is inserted when the connecting bolt 1 is fastened can be reduced on the first connecting portion 3 side, and the concave portion can be formed. Can be considerably smaller than that of the conventional structure. On the other hand, on the second connecting portion 5 side, since the female screw portion 4 is formed at the contact portion with the first connecting portion 3, the second connecting portion 5 is exposed on the inner surface of the constructed tunnel. Never. Therefore, the inner surface of the tunnel can be formed to be a smooth surface.
Furthermore, by adopting such a fitting structure, the possibility that the inner surfaces of the segments S are connected stepwise is reduced, so that the inner surface of the tunnel becomes a smoother surface.
[0013]
As described above, the segment S of the present invention is manufactured by casting or welding assembly. However, any manufacturing method causes some manufacturing problems.
[0014]
For example, in the case of casting, if the segment S is too large, it becomes difficult to remove the mold after pouring. When the segment S is viewed from the tunnel axis direction, in principle, the vertical ribs 8 are attached in a position along the radial direction with the tunnel axis centered. Therefore, in order to cast a large segment S in which a number of vertical ribs 8 are present, it is necessary to use a plurality of molds outside the segment S so that the die can be cut out, and the structure becomes complicated. There is a fear that the production efficiency will deteriorate.
Also, when the size of the segment S is large, the cooling rate of each part after pouring is not constant, and the material cannot be made uniform. Further, if the size of the segment S is large, the total amount of shrinkage due to cooling becomes large, so that the dimensional accuracy also deteriorates.
[0015]
On the other hand, when welding and assembling a steel plate, for example, in the case of the segment S of the inner skin plate type, the processing of the bolt box 9 for enabling the connection of the segments S from the inner surface of the tunnel becomes complicated. In addition, as the segment size increases, the welding deformation increases, and the welding assembly operation itself becomes complicated, and quality control becomes difficult.
[0016]
Therefore, in order to solve these problems, the segment S of the present invention is divided into a plurality of segment pieces P.
For example, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, one segment S is configured by being divided into three in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The respective segment pieces P are connected to each other via the third connecting portion 10.
The connection of the segment pieces P is performed in a factory in principle. Therefore, it is sufficient that the third connection portion 10 has a configuration in which the connection is performed using the normal assembly bolts 11 and the nuts 12.
For example, the third connecting portion 10 is formed on a plane substantially perpendicular to the skin plate 7, and an insertion hole 13 for the assembly bolt 11 is provided at a predetermined position on the plane. With this configuration, the production of the segment pieces P and the connection work of the respective segment pieces P are facilitated. Even if there is a dimensional error in one of the segment pieces P, it is easy to make correction so as to remove the error at the time of connection since it is assembled in a factory. Further, since the third connecting portion 10 is not exposed to the inner surface of the tunnel, the smoothness of the inner surface of the tunnel is not impaired. Furthermore, the simpler the configuration of the third connecting portion 10 is, the lower the total cost of manufacturing is.
As described above, by dividing the segment S, a large iron segment S can be rationally formed as a result.
[0017]
[Another embodiment]
In the above embodiment, the female screw portion 4 is formed integrally with the second connecting portion 5. That is, the female screw portion 4 is processed later on the second connection portion 5.
However, as shown in FIG. 6, if the female screw portion 4A manufactured in advance is attached to the segment piece P, the female screw portion 4 can be formed more efficiently.
FIG. 6 shows a case in which the female screw portion 4A is formed by casting when the segment piece P is produced by casting. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. In the case of a steel segment, various configurations can be adopted, such as attaching the female screw unit 4A by welding.
[0018]
In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the accompanying drawings by the entry.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a tunnel segment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a tunnel segment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a ring-shaped segment constructed with the tunnel segment of the present invention. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a third connecting portion. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an inner surface of a tunnel constructed by the tunnel segment of the present invention. Longitudinal sectional view showing the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Connection bolt 2 Connection bolt insertion hole 3 First connection part 4 Female screw part 5 Second connection part
7 skin plate 10 third connecting portion 11 assembly bolt 12 nut 13 assembly bolt insertion hole P segment piece

Claims (4)

A first connecting portion (3) having a butt end portion with respect to the adjacent segment body on each of both sides in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and having a connecting bolt insertion hole (2) for a connecting bolt (1) at one of the two butt ends. ) And a second connecting portion (5) having a female screw portion (4) on the other side, and connecting the first connecting portion (3) and the second connecting portion (5) with the connecting bolt (1). In this case, an iron tunnel segment configured such that a screwing direction of the connection bolt (1) is directed from an inside to an outside of the tunnel,
A plurality of segment pieces (P) are divided and formed in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and third connection portions (10) that can be connected to each other at contact portions of the segment pieces (P) are formed, and the third connection is performed. Providing an assembly bolt insertion hole (13) for an assembly bolt (11) in each of the portions (10), and connecting each of the third connection portions (10) with the assembly bolt (11) and a nut (12). 3. The tunnel segment wherein the plurality of segment pieces (P) are integrated with each other. The tunnel segment according to claim 1, wherein a skin plate (7) forming an inner wall surface of the tunnel is formed integrally with a center of curvature of the segment piece (P) so as to configure the inner wall surface of the tunnel as a substantially smooth surface. 3. The tunnel according to claim 1, wherein one of the first connecting portion (3) and the second connecting portion (5) is a fitting protrusion, and the other is a fitting recess. 4. segment. 4. The tunnel segment according to claim 1, wherein the connection bolt insertion hole and the pilot hole for the female screw portion are integrally cast with the segment piece. 5.

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