JP3566149B2 - Transplant machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transplanter for seedlings such as onions and leeks.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a prior art of this type of transplanter, there is a “transverse transfer mechanism for transferring seedlings while placing the seedlings, and a lower side while intersecting the delivery end of the lateral transfer mechanism and holding the transferred seedlings. And a downward transfer mechanism for supplying to the planting mechanism, wherein the transfer member of the lateral transfer mechanism has an engaging portion capable of engaging with at least the vicinity of the root of the seedling at a predetermined interval in the transfer direction. The transfer start end of the downward transfer mechanism corresponding to the delivery end of the horizontal transfer mechanism is at a high position, and the delivery end and the transfer start end constitute an intersection having a step, and the transfer of the downward transfer mechanism is performed. The body constitutes a seedling posture correcting unit that adjusts the position of the seedling at the intersection with the engaging unit ”(Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-31523).
[0003]
In this conventional technique, the planting mechanism that receives the seedlings transferred by the downward transfer mechanism and supplies the seedlings to the planting groove includes a pair of flexible planting discs arranged in a face-to-face relationship and pressing the planting discs in opposite directions. All the pressing wheels are supported by a vertically movable rocking frame that supports the planting disc.
In addition, the delivery end of the lateral transfer mechanism is adjacent to the clamping start end of the downward transfer mechanism, and the moving speed of the engaging portion of the lateral transfer mechanism is equal to the seedling transfer speed. The mechanism only clamps the stems of the seedlings and does not guide the leaves.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the prior art, when the planting disc is moved up and down by following the ridges and valleys by the vertical movement of the swinging frame, the vertical positional relationship between the downward transfer mechanism and the pressing wheel changes, and the seedling transferred to the planting disc is changed. May change, resulting in poor planting.
In addition, it is difficult for the seedlings to be in the proper posture and position due to the spacing of the seedlings on the horizontal transfer mechanism, the transfer of the seedlings from the horizontal transfer mechanism to the downward transfer mechanism, the transfer of the seedlings by the downward transfer mechanism, and the like. There is a problem.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a transplanter that can solve such various problems of the related art.
The present invention provides a transplanting machine in which even if the planting disc moves up and down, the uppermost one of the pressing rings is vertically moved relative to the seedling transfer device so that the posture of the seedling at the time of delivery does not change. The purpose is to provide.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a transplanter capable of performing good planting by properly setting the posture and position of a seedling from a horizontal transfer mechanism to a planting disk via a vertical transfer mechanism.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A first specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to provide a seedling transfer device 16 for holding a seedling B and transferring the seedling B downward on a support frame 20 fixed to the vehicle body 2 so as to be vertically movable on the vehicle body 2. A planting mechanism 9 is provided on the supported swing frame 12, and a pair of flexible members arranged face-to-face to receive the plant B from the lower part of the plant transferring device 16 and supply the plant B to the planting groove A. A planting disc 49 is provided rotatably, and a plurality of planting discs 49 are formed in a substantially arc shape on the side of the planting disc 49 from the intermediate height position to the lower portion so as to press the pair of planting discs 49 in opposite directions. the presser roller 50 is arranged in, among the plurality of presser roller 50, the presser roller 50B of the uppermost located at a position to pass seedlings B from seedling transfer device 16 to the planting discs 49 to the support frame 20 Lifting and is to support the other presser roller 50A to the swing frame 12.
[0007]
Thereby, the uppermost one of the pressing wheels 50 for holding the seedlings B between the planting discs 49 is supported on the seedling transfer device 16 side, and the planting discs 49 supported by the swing frame 12 move up and down. However, the posture of the seedling B when transferring it from the seedling transfer device 16 to the planting disk 49 is not changed.
The second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is the same as the first specific means, wherein the seedling transfer device 16 includes a lateral transfer mechanism 17 for placing the seedlings B and transferring them substantially horizontally. A vertical transfer mechanism 19 that receives the seedlings B from the horizontal transfer mechanism 17 and transfers the seedlings B downward. The horizontal transfer mechanism 17 has projections 29A that can contact the seedlings B at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Timing means 30 for circulating the belt having the seedlings, and the holding end of the seedling holding mechanism of the vertical transfer mechanism 19 is overlapped with the upper end of the end of the timing means 30.
[0008]
Thereby, the delivery of the seedlings B from the horizontal transfer mechanism 17 to the vertical transfer mechanism 19 becomes more reliable.
A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that, in addition to the second specific means, the moving speed of the projection 29A of the timing means 30 is controlled by a horizontal transfer mechanism 17 for placing and transferring the seedling B. is that of being fast rather than set Ri by the moving speed of the belt 25, 27.
Thereby, the interval between the seedlings B on the timing means 30 can be adjusted.
[0009]
A fourth concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is a vertical concrete transfer mechanism 19 in addition to any one of the first to third concrete means, wherein the vertical transfer mechanism 19 sandwiches and transfers a stem portion of the seedling B. It has belts 25 and 31, and a guide plate 38 that guides the leaves of the seedlings B is provided substantially parallel to the belts 25 and 31.
Thus, even if there is a seedling B having a bent leaf portion, the bending can be corrected by the guide plate 38.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
5 and 6, an overall outline of the transplanter 1 is shown. Reference numeral 2 denotes a vehicle body, and reference numeral 3 denotes a pair of left and right front wheels, which are height-adjustable and have a steering function. Reference numeral 4 denotes a pair of left and right rear wheels constituting a noise wheel, and can be driven by an engine 5 mounted on a rear portion of the vehicle body 2 via a transmission in a transmission case 6 and a pair of left and right transmission cases 7 and the like. By swinging the transmission case 7, the height of the vehicle body 2 can be adjusted.
[0011]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a groove generator, 9 denotes a planting mechanism, 10 denotes a soil covering mechanism, 15 denotes a driver's seat, and 18 denotes a driving wheel turning mechanism, which are disposed between the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4, respectively.
A horizontal shaft 11 is supported on the vehicle body 2 via a bearing, and a rear portion of a swing frame 12 is pivotally supported on the horizontal shaft 11. The front portion of the swing frame 12 can be suspended and urged by an appropriate pressure in the ground contact direction by an elastic support mechanism 13 provided between the swing frame 12 and the vehicle body 2.
A groove forming device 8 in the swing frame 12, a planting mechanism 9 for planting a seedling B (shown in FIG. 2) in a planting groove A formed by the groove forming device 8, and a cover soil for the planted seedling B And a covering mechanism 10 having a covering earth ring 14 to be arranged.
[0012]
The seedling transfer device 16 is configured to transfer the seedlings B substantially horizontally in the left-right direction while placing the seedlings B thereon, and downward while holding the seedlings B delivered from the sending end (end) of the horizontal transfer mechanism 17. And a vertical transfer mechanism 19 for transferring and supplying to the planting mechanism 9.
The drive wheel mechanism 18 supports a drive wheel 22 at the tip of an arm 21 pivotally supported on the horizontal shaft 11, and transmits the rotation of the drive wheel 22 via a transmission means 23 to the planting mechanism 9 and the seedling. The data is transmitted to the transfer device 16.
The driving wheel 22 is formed of a wheel with a wing or the like, and rolls on a ridge immediately after the earth covering wheel 14 without slipping, so that the planting mechanism 9 and the seedlings can correspond exactly to the moving distance of the vehicle body 2. The transfer device 16 is driven. Reference numeral 24 denotes a regulating member that regulates the swing of the arm 21 beyond a certain angle.
[0013]
In one transplanter 1 arranged so as to straddle the ridge N, the engine 5, the swing frame 12, the seedling transfer device 16, the driving wheel mechanism 18, etc. In addition, two sets of the groove generator 8, the planting mechanism 9, the soil covering mechanism 10 and the like are arranged side by side on the swinging frame 12, and the driver's seat 15 and the seedling transfer device 16 are correspondingly arranged. Are also provided.
Therefore, the transplanter 1 is configured to simultaneously plant two rows of seedlings B on one side of the ridge N and reciprocate the ridges N to plant four rows of seedlings B. The two earth-covering rings 14 at the center of the two earth-covering mechanisms 10 are integrally formed in a back-to-back manner, but may be formed separately. The right driver's seat 15R is arranged to face forward, but the left driver's seat 15L. Are arranged slightly diagonally to the left to facilitate the removal of the seedlings and getting on and off. The driver's seat 15 may be configured to be only one seat, and the left and right seedling transfer devices 16 may be configured to supply the seedlings B alone.
[0014]
Reference numeral 41 denotes a scraper attached to the front portion of the vehicle body 2, which is capable of adjusting the height and the angle, and flattens the top soil of the ridge N at the planting position for two rows. Reference numeral 42 denotes a table on which the seedlings B or the spare seedlings are placed, and reference numeral 43 denotes a control handle.
1 to 6, reference numeral 20 denotes a support frame attached to the vehicle body 2 in a substantially vertical direction (slightly inclined rearward). Two sets of seedling transfer devices 16 are symmetrically provided on the driver's seat 15 side of the support frame 20. Supported.
Each of the seedling transfer devices 16 includes an L-shaped transfer means 26 for placing and transferring the stalk side of the seedling B on a belt 25 wound substantially in an L-shape in front view, and a belt 25 of the L-shaped transfer means 26. The leaf transfer means 28 for placing and transporting the leaf side of the seedling B with a belt 27 parallel to the substantially horizontal portion, and the seedling between the horizontal part of the belt 25 of the L-shaped transfer means 26 and the leaf transfer means 28 A timing means 30 having a marker belt 29 for taking the timing of B, and a lower transfer means 32 for sandwiching and transporting the seedlings B with the substantially vertical portion of the belt 25 of the L-shaped transfer means 26 and the belt 31 substantially facing each other. Have.
[0015]
Reference numeral 33 shown in FIG. 3 denotes a transmission drive shaft to which power is transmitted from the drive wheel mechanism 18, which drives the L-shaped transfer means 26 and the lower transfer means 32 via the belt (or chain) 34. The rotation of the pulley shaft 35 of the L-shaped transfer means 26 drives the leaf transfer means 28 and the timing means 30.
The marker belt 29 of the timing means 30 is arranged at the same height or slightly higher than the belts 25 and 27, and projections (engaging portions) 29A are provided on its outer peripheral surface at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The middle portion of the seedling B placed on them can be engaged therebetween.
[0016]
The marker belt 29 is formed by connecting long ones with a joint 29B to form an endless shape, and it is preferable to prepare a plurality of ones having different intervals of the projections 29A and to replace and use them according to the transplanted seedling.
The moving speed of the marker belt 29 is set to be slightly higher or lower than that of the belts 25 and 27, and the relative speed difference causes the seedling B to abut on the protrusion 29A and is placed on the belts 25 and 27. The interval between the seedlings B can be made constant.
The traveling speed of the marker belt 29 may be set to be equal to the speed of the belts 25 and 27 so that the worker can bring the seedling B into contact with the protrusion 29A. In this case, only the marks at equal intervals may be provided on the marker belt 29 without providing the projection 29A.
[0017]
A leaf feed roller 37 is provided on the upper pulley shaft 36 of the lower transport means 32. The leaf feed roller 37 faces the belt 27 of the leaf transport means 28, and removes the leaves of the seedling B. Guides downward.
The upper portion of the lower transfer means 32 and the leaf feeding roller 37 overlap the corner of the L-shaped transfer means 26, the timing means 30 and the discharge end (end) of the leaf transfer means 28 by a dimension L, and this dimension is used. The L portion is a gripping end for ensuring and smooth delivery of the seedlings B from the horizontal transfer to the vertical transfer.
[0018]
The substantially vertical part of the belt 25 of the L-shaped transfer means 26 and the belt 31 of the lower transfer means 32 facing the lower part are transferred downward while pinching the stem of the seedling B at the part facing each other. A pair of guide plates 38 are provided for guiding the parts.
The pair of guide plates 38 are arranged on the driver's seat 15 side of the belts 25 and 31, are formed of a metal plate or a synthetic resin plate, and are fixed to a support 39 formed by bending a bar. The support 39 is fixed to the swing frame 12 by bolts. Note that the pair of guide plates 38 may be attached to the support frame 20.
[0019]
The pair of guide plates 38 have a posture forcing function that forcibly bends the seedlings B even if the seedlings B are bent and supplies the seedlings B to the planting mechanism 9. In the case of an onion seedling having a long leaf portion, the belt 25, 31 can be used for transplanting while straightening the bent seedling with the guide plate 38 without widening the width unnecessarily.
The horizontal transfer mechanism 17 is constituted by the substantially horizontal portion of the L-shaped transfer means 26, the leaf transfer means 28, the timing means 30 and the like, and is constituted by the substantially vertical portion of the L-shaped transfer means 26, the lower transfer means 32, the guide plate 38 and the like. A vertical transfer mechanism 19 is configured.
[0020]
The horizontal transfer mechanism 17 not only optimizes the transfer interval of the seedlings B placed thereon, but also enables the placement of a large number of seedlings B, so that it also has a buffer (storage) function, and the hand-held seedlings can be used. By placing a plurality of seedlings B on the horizontal transfer mechanism 17 when removing the seedlings from another seedling box, it is possible to perform a seedling box replacement operation or the like without stopping the traveling of the transplanter 1. And work continuously.
The planting mechanism 9 is arranged behind the sending end at the lower end of the vertical transfer mechanism 19. The planting mechanism 9 includes a main body shaft 48 which is supported at a middle portion in the front-rear direction of the swing frame 12 via a bearing body 47, and a pair of main body shafts 48 which are mounted on the main body shaft 48 so as to face each other at right and left spaces. The planting disk 49 is formed of a flexible elastic material such as a rubber material or a resin material, and the power from the driving wheel mechanism 18 is transmitted to the main body shaft 48. Thus, the transplanter 1 is driven to rotate at a peripheral speed proportional to the moving speed.
[0021]
A plurality of pressing wheels 50A are arranged in a substantially arc shape centering on the main body shaft 48 so as to face an arc portion extending from a vertically intermediate height position of the front portion of the planting disk 49 to a lower portion thereof. The rotatably supported pressing wheel shaft 51A is mounted on a bracket 52 detachably mounted on the shawl frame 12, and extends radially from the main shaft 48.
A plurality of the pressing rings 50A, three in FIG. 1, are provided, and the uppermost pressing ring 50B located above them is the first pressing ring at the start of holding the seedlings, and the pressing ring shaft for the pressing ring 50B. 51B is attached to the support frame 20.
[0022]
The pressing wheel 50 presses the pair of left and right planting discs 49 from the outside in the opposite inward direction, so that the planting discs 49 hold the seedlings B while rotating, and after the seedlings B are transported to the lower part, the holding is released and the seedlings B are released. It has become.
When the swinging frame 12 swings up and down due to the unevenness of the ridge N, and the planting mechanism 9 moves up and down due to the swinging, the vertical position of the planting disc 49 with respect to the vertical transport mechanism 19 changes. The relationship with the transfer mechanism 19 is always constant, and the transfer of the seedlings B is performed while the transfer conditions from the vertical transfer mechanism 19 to the planting disk 49 are always kept constant.
[0023]
That is, the relationship between the seedlings B released from the vertical transfer mechanism 19 and the starting position for holding the seedlings of the planting disk 49 is universal, and the planting disks 49 can always hold the seedlings B under substantially the same conditions, The planting disc 49 can be grasped without changing the posture angle of the seedling B even if the relative height changes, and the planting posture and the planting depth are stabilized by eliminating the disturbance of the posture of the seedling B.
The lower part of the vertical transfer mechanism 19 is located near the front of the planting disk 49, and the seedlings B transferred downward by the belts 25 and 31 of the vertical transfer mechanism 19 remain between the planting disks 49 in that position. While being held between the planting discs 49 pressed by the left and right pressing wheels 50B at the uppermost position.
[0024]
Next, the seedling B is drawn downward in a substantially 90-degree arc while being sandwiched between the planting disks 49 of the planting mechanism 9 and transferred downward. The holding is released, and the plant stands in the planting groove A independently. The peripheral speed of the planting disk 49 is set to be substantially the same as or slightly lower than the transfer speed of the seedlings B in the vertical transfer mechanism 19.
Next, the transplant operation will be described.
The transplanting machine 1 is caused to run across the ridge N, and the planting groove A is formed in the ridge N along the longitudinal direction by the groove generator 8, and the driving wheel 22 is ridged by the pressure-reducing wheel 14. The upper part is rolled to drive the planting mechanism 9 and the seedling transfer device 16 respectively.
[0025]
In this state, the operators in the driver's seats 15L and 15R take out the seedlings B from the seedling mounting table 42 or the seedling mounting table (not shown) provided on the side of the vehicle body 2, and set the longitudinal direction of the seedlings B in the front-back direction. In addition, the sheet is placed one by one between the protrusions 29A or in the vicinity of the protrusions 29A on the belts 25 and 27 of the horizontal transport mechanism 17 with the front side as a leaf. The placed seedlings B are brought into contact with the protrusions 29A due to a speed difference between the belts 25 and 27 or artificially, and are transported at a constant interval.
The seedlings B on the horizontal transfer mechanism 17 are smoothly and reliably transferred to the vertical transfer mechanism 19 at the holding portion (dimension L portion), and are sandwiched by the belts 25 and 31, whereby the transfer direction is downward. When the leaves are bent by the guide plate 38, the leaves are transferred to the vicinity of the lower end of the vertical transfer mechanism 19 while being posture-corrected, and supplied to the planting disk 49.
[0026]
The seedlings B inserted between the pair of planting discs 49 of the planting mechanism 9 are first placed on the pressing ring 50B, which is always in a fixed positional relationship with the lower end of the vertical transfer mechanism 19, with the root positioned outside the planting disc 49. It is conveyed to the lower side while receiving the pressing action of the pressing wheel 50A by the rotation of the planting disc 49, is opened at the lower part of the planting disc 49, and is self-standing in the planting groove A sequentially with the root part downward, and thereafter The soil is covered by the soil covering mechanism 10.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified. For example, the transplanter 1 arranges the engine 5, the planting mechanism 9, the swing frame 12, the seedling transfer device 16, the driving wheel mechanism 18, and the like at the center in the left-right direction of the vehicle body 2, the groove generator 8, the planting mechanism 9 And the earth covering mechanism 10 and the like may each be only one set.
[0027]
The planting mechanism 9 and / or the seedling transfer device 16 may be driven by the power of the engine 5, or the operating speed thereof may be changed.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described in detail above, the uppermost one of the plurality of pressing wheels 50 for pressing the pair of planting discs 49 in the opposite direction is supported on the seedling transfer device 16 side, and the other is provided with the swing frame. 12, the planting disk 49 supported by the swing frame 12 can be moved up and down so that the posture of the seedlings B when the seedlings B are transferred from the seedling transfer device 16 to the planting disks 49 is not changed. The planting posture of the seedling B can be improved.
[0029]
Further, the transfer of the seedlings B from the horizontal transfer mechanism 17 to the vertical transfer mechanism 19 is more reliable, the interval between the seedlings B on the timing means 30 is adjusted, and the bending of the leaves of the seedlings B is guided by the guide plate 38. The seedlings B can be satisfactorily planted in an appropriate posture.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional rear view of the main part.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the seedling transfer device.
FIG. 4 is a rear view of the seedling transfer device.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the entire transplanter.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the entire transplanter.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transplanter 2 Body 9 Planting mechanism 10 Covering mechanism 12 Swinging frame 16 Seedling transfer device 17 Horizontal transfer mechanism 18 Drive wheel mechanism 19 Drive wheel mechanism 20 Support frame 48 Body shaft 49 Planting disk 50 Pressing wheel 51 Pressing wheel shaft A Planting Groove B Seedling N Ridge

Claims (4)

A seedling transfer device is provided on a support frame fixed to the vehicle body for nipping and transferring the seedlings downward, and a planting mechanism is provided on a swinging frame supported movably up and down on the vehicle body. A pair of flexible planting discs arranged in a face-to-face manner are rotatably provided so as to receive the seedlings from the lower part and supply the seedlings to the planting grooves, and to press the pair of planting discs in opposite directions to the side of the planting discs. A plurality of pressing rings are arranged in a substantially arc shape from a mid-height position to a lower portion of the planting disk, and positions of the plurality of pressing rings are located at locations where the seedlings are transferred from the seedling transfer device to the planting disk. An uppermost pressing wheel to be supported is supported by the support frame , and another pressing wheel is supported by a swing frame. The seedling transfer device includes a horizontal transfer mechanism for placing the seedlings and transferring the seedlings substantially horizontally, and a vertical transfer mechanism for receiving the seedlings from the horizontal transfer mechanism and transferring the seedlings downward. Is provided with timing means for circulating a belt having projections which can be brought into contact with the seedlings at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the gripping end of the seedling of the vertical transfer mechanism is overlapped with the upper end of the end of the timing means. The transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: Transplanter according to claim 2, characterized in that said projections moving speed of the timing means, are rather fast set Ri by the moving speed of the belt of the horizontal transfer mechanism for transferring by placing the seedlings. The said vertical transfer mechanism has a pair of belts which pinch and transfer the stem part of a seedling, and the guide plate which guides the leaf part of a seedling substantially in parallel with this belt is provided. 4. The transplanter according to any one of 3.

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