JP3567541B2 - Renovation snow melting roof structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a renovated snow melting roof structure in a house. More specifically, the present invention relates to a modified snow-melting roof structure that can have a function of uniformly melting snow on a new roof when renovating.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the work of removing snow in a snowfall area has been physically difficult and dangerous. Therefore, various methods of melting the snow on the roof have been devised, such as a method of discharging hot water or water on the roof, and a method of circulating hot water, antifreeze, hot air, etc. in a pipe arranged in the exterior part of the roof. And a method of arranging a heating wire, a method of using hot water heated by solar heat, and a method of laying a sheet-like heating element as disclosed in JP-A-6-2399. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-230940 discloses a method of simultaneously providing a snow melting function when a roof is repaired.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, applying the snow melting function at the same time as roof renovation using water discharge devices and pipes increases the weight, requires much time and labor for construction, and liquid leaks due to damage to the equipment due to vibration and aging. There are many disadvantages to applying the snow melting function at the same time as the renovation in terms of lead to corrosion, etc., and there is a concern that the function of the heating wire may be reduced by cutting. In addition to the above-mentioned method, no method has been devised for providing a snow-melting function in accordance with the repair, even in a method in which a sheet-like heating element is arranged as in JP-A-6-2399. In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-230940, the target of the repair is limited to a tiled roof, and the hollow pipe is buried with mortar, which increases the weight and places a burden on the house. The disadvantage was that the cost was high. In addition, in the above-mentioned method, snow melting is not performed uniformly in some places, and there is a possibility that snow on the roof surface is hollowed out and the snow melting efficiency is reduced.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve such a problem, the present invention arranges crosspieces at predetermined intervals in parallel with the flow direction on existing various roofing materials, and forms a plurality of backing materials having a rectangular outer shape and heat insulation on the crosspieces. In the horizontal direction, the end faces are abutted, and in the ridge direction from the eaves, the long side faces are superimposed stepwise so as to form a triangular gap between the pier and the pier, and a backup and heat insulating layer is provided, In addition, at least the entire upper surface of the backing material is covered with a sheet in which a magnetic material is mixed with far-infrared radiation ceramics, and an exterior portion formed of a number of roofing materials for roofing is provided on the sheet, and the backing material and the sheet With a sheet-shaped heating element interposed between the roof, it can be repaired at low cost without interrupting dwelling, and it can be renovated without interruption. Provide renovation snow melting structure It is intended.
[0005]
Further, the gap formed by the overlap between the backup and heat insulating layers can function as a flow path for fresh air and the like, further promoting the functions of the backing material such as a heat insulating material, a soundproofing material, and a humidity control material. together, the roof bed to prevent condensation, can contribute to corrosion of the roofing material or the like, also, since the interposed sheet-like heating element between the backup and the heat insulating layer and the exterior, resulting from a sheet-like heating element The heat that is generated is completely blocked by the heat insulation layer toward the inside of the house, and most of the heat can be used as a heat source for melting snow, and an efficient structure is proposed.
[0006]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the modified snow melting roof structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are explanatory views showing a typical example of the above modified snow melting roof structure, in which 1 is a pier, 2 is a backing material, 3 is a sheet-like heating element , 4 is a sheet, 5 is a new roofing material, A indicates a roof base, and E indicates an existing roof material.
[0007]
The roof foundation A is composed of a rafter B, a field board C, and an asphalt roofing D. A general construction in which a field board C is laid on the rafter B and the asphalt roofing D is provided on the field board C It is a roof base A of a structure.
[0008]
The existing roofing material E is a general roofing material laid on a roof foundation A. In FIGS. 1 and 2, a metal horizontal roof is shown. A roof, a stepped roof, a tiled roof, a tiled roof, a new tiled roof, and the like may be used.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 1, the rafters 1 are arranged on the existing roofing material E at predetermined intervals in parallel with the flow direction, and serve as a base for the backing material 2 described later, and fix the backing material 2 and the new roofing material 5. In addition to functioning as a casting portion of the fixing tool α to be casted, a space for filling the heat insulating material between the crossbars 1 is secured as necessary.
[0010]
3 (a) and 3 (b) are perspective views showing a stepped roof material 5 constituting an exterior part. The new roof material 5 is made of a metal plate (colored steel plate, copper plate, aluminum plate, titanium plate). , A stainless steel plate, a sandwich steel plate, a clad steel plate, etc.) by roll forming, press forming, extrusion forming or the like.
[0011]
More specifically, the new roofing material 5 is in the shape of a long plate, and one end in the width direction is bent in a substantially U shape below the decorative surface 6, that is, on the back surface 7 side, and is inserted into the step decorative surface 8. This is a male-type connecting portion 11 having an edge 9 formed therein, and a substantially U-shaped hooking groove 10 is formed from the decorative surface 6, the stepped decorative surface 8, and the insertion edge 9.
[0012]
The other end of the decorative surface 6 is fitted with a fitting groove 12 that is bent upward of the decorative surface 6 and that fits with the insertion edge 9 having a substantially U-shaped cross section. A female mold having a fitting edge 13 folded in a letter shape, and a fixed piece 14 formed by bending the tip of the fitting edge 13 downward and bending outward in an L-shape substantially parallel to the decorative surface 6. This is one in which the connecting portion 15 is formed.
[0013]
Further, connecting pieces 16 are formed by bending both side edges in the longitudinal direction of the decorative surface 6 toward the back surface 7 in a goby shape. In FIG. 3 (a), the fitting groove 12 and the insertion edge 9 are provided with a concave stripe 17 and a concave groove in order to enhance the strength in the longitudinal direction and to prevent rainwater or the like from the outside from penetrating into the inside due to the capillary phenomenon. Article 18 is formed.
[0014]
Further, the sheet 4 is made of a sheet in which a magnetic material is mixed with far-infrared radiating ceramics, and is finished in a knitted shape, for example , in order to maintain durability and performance. For example, the light-shielding rate is 30 to 95%, and the radiating far-infrared wavelength is 0. The one having a size of about 0.5 to 50 μm is used. The sheet 4 is wound around a roll as shown in FIG. 4, for example, and is laid in a required range.
[0015]
The sheet 4 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a fixed piece of the new roofing material 5 where the entire surface of the backing material 2 on which the sheet-like heating element 3 is placed and where the ends of the backing materials 2 overlap. 14 is continuously laid in a range up to the upper end on which it is placed. The sheet 4 diffuses the heat generated from the sheet-shaped heating element 4 and uniformly melts the snow on the entire roof surface, and can perform effective snow melting even with a small amount of heat from the heat source due to the effect of far infrared rays, and has a heat storage function. Therefore, it is very effective for melting snow very economically.
[0016]
The backing material 2 forming the backup and heat-insulating layer (hereinafter simply referred to as a heat-insulating layer) has a long plate shape as shown in FIG. 5 and is formed by laying a large number on the rafter 1. Further, the backing material 2 backs up the new roofing material 5 constituting the exterior part, prevents deformation of the new roofing material 5 even when a load is applied such as work on the roof or snow, and a sheet-like heat generation described later. It insulates almost all of the heat from the body 3 so as to contribute to the melting of snow, and prevents heat from escaping into the house (such as the back of a hut). Of course, in the summer, even when the roof is heated by the sun, the heat is prevented from being transmitted to the interior of the house to prevent a rise in the temperature of the interior of the house, and is also useful for soundproofing.
[0017]
Examples of the backing material 2 include a sizing board, a sizing insulation boat, a plastic foam (urethane foam, nurate foam, phenol foam, etc.) particle board, a wood composite board, a wood wool cement board, a composite panel (companion panel), and a gypsum board. , An ALC plate or the like, which has a heat insulating property.
[0018]
More specifically, the backing material 2 abuts the end face in the horizontal direction, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a long side surface is superimposed on the lower backing material 2a from the eave to the ridge direction to form a staircase and a roof base. A is fixed so as to form a triangular gap β between the two. The gap β can function as a flow path for fresh air and the like, further promoting the functions of the backing material 2 such as a heat insulating material, a sound insulating material, and a humidity control material, and preventing dew condensation to prevent dew condensation on the roof base A. And contributes to the prevention of corrosion of the new roofing material 5 and the like.
[0019]
The sheet heating element 3 is a rectangular sheet as shown in FIG. 5 and is interposed between the backing material 2 and the sheet 4 as shown in FIGS. It is for supply. As shown in FIG. 5, the sheet-like heating element 3 is fixed and attached to the surface of the backing material 2 by various means such as an adhesive (not shown), an adhesive tape 19, a stapler 20, and the like.
[0020]
Further, the sheet-like heating element 4 FIGS. 6 (a) and, b of FIGS. 6 (a) - as shown in FIG. 6 (b) corresponding to i line cross-sectional view, the sheet 21 serving as heat-generating portion in strip And conductive wires 22 and 23 formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the sheet 21 , lead wires 24 and 25 formed at one end in the width direction and connected to the conductive wires 22 and 23, and upper and lower insulator sheets 26 covering these. , 27.
[0021]
The sheet 21 is not particularly specified as long as it has a suitable electric resistance and a composition that causes a heat generation phenomenon when energized, but the composition is, for example, a composition obtained by binding a carbon fiber with a synthetic resin or the like. , Pulp fiber and carbon fiber, carbon particles, or metal powder or the like synthesized using a viscous material. Since the carbon fibers are mixed so as to overlap each other, a part of the sheet-like heating element 4 is One destruction or cutting has no effect on the heat generation of the other parts. The sheet 21 generates heat when electricity is led to the conductive wires 22 and 23 via the lead wires 24 and 25.
[0022]
The insulator sheets 26 and 27 are made of a PVC film, a fluororesin film, an acrylic film, or the like, and exhibit effects such as surface protection, waterproofing, and electrical insulation by being laminated. The lead wires 24 and 25 are connected to a power supply (not shown), and the entire sheet-like heating element 4 generates heat due to the resistance of the conductive composition, and the heat is transmitted to the new roofing material 5 of the exterior part. Snow melting will take place over a wide area.
[0023]
FIG. 7A shows a joint member 28 for connecting the new roof members 4 in the longitudinal direction. The joint member 28 is made of the same type of material as the new roof member 5 by an equivalent molding method. It is formed from two members of the fitting plate 30.
[0024]
That is, as shown in FIG. 7B, the stitch plate 29 is in contact with the back surface 7 of the new roofing material 5, and the stitch portion 31 on which the fitting plate 30 is mounted and the lower side of the stitch portion 31 are located on the back side. 7 and a rain return portion 33 formed by bending the upper side of the stitch portion 31 to the surface side if necessary, and a roll shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7D, which is a line end view, in the width direction, both side edges are turned back to the surface side, and the tip is turned back again to form a pot-shaped locking portion 34, and both side edges of the locking portion 34 And an extended tongue piece 36 formed by folding the tip of the extended portion 35 to the surface side.
[0025]
The shape of the end face can be substantially the same not only from the stitch portion 31 but also from the edge portion 32 to the rain return portion 33. That is, the siding board 29 can be continuously formed by roll forming or the like. Further, in FIG. 7, in order to strengthen the connection in the vertical direction, a substantially central portion of the rib 32 is extended to form a lug piece 32 a.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 7 (c), the fitting plate 30 has a cross-sectional shape in which the left and right sides of the bottom surface 37 are folded to form a locking tongue piece 38 to form a meeting bag. As shown, connecting pieces 16 provided on both side edges of the decorative surface 6 of the new roofing material 5 are fitted and locked. In FIG. 7D, the new roofing material 5 is indicated by a dotted line. To further explain, the fitting plate 30 is integrated by being locked at both ends by locking portions 34 at the stitch portion 31 of the stitching plate 29 as shown in FIG.
[0027]
Here, a construction example of the modified snow melting roof structure according to the present invention will be briefly described. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a lower lining material 2a is laid on a roof foundation A made of rafters B, floor boards C, asphalt roofing D and the like. Next, the sheet-like heating element 3 is laid at an arbitrary position on the upper surface of the backing material 2a located at the lower stage, and the sheet 4 is further covered with the sheet 4 so as to cover the entire upper surface of the backing material 2a from the upper surface of the sheet-like heating element 3. Lay it.
[0028]
Next, the new roofing material 5a at the lower stage is placed from above the sheet 4, and the fixing tool α is driven by the fixing piece 14 to fix the new roofing material 5a. The folded sheet 4 at the upper end of the fixed piece 14 of the new roofing 5a, placing the lower end of the upper backing member 2b via the sheet 4 onto the fixed piece 14, a sheet on the upper surface of the upper backing member 2b The heating element 3 is laid, and the sheet 4 is laid continuously. Then, the insertion edge 9 of the upper new roof material 5b is fitted and locked in the fitting groove 12 of the lower new roof material 5a, and the upper new roof material 5b is placed on the upper backing material 2b. Is done.
[0029]
In this manner, by performing the roofing step by step from the eaves direction to the ridge direction, a gap β having a substantially triangular longitudinal section is formed between the roof foundation A and the backing material 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The gap β can function as a flow path for fresh air and the like, and further promotes the functions of the backing material 2 such as a heat insulating material, a soundproofing material, a humidity control material, etc., and also prevents dew condensation from forming on the roof base A. This contributes to corrosion prevention of the roofing material 5 and the like. Further, in FIG. 2, ΔT is a margin of overlap between the backing materials 2, and in order to prevent the backflow of the infiltrated rainwater and exhibit a sufficient waterproofing effect, ΔT is as long as possible, and is preferably ΔT. = About 50 to 60 mm.
[0030]
What has been described above is an embodiment of the modified snow melting roof structure according to the present invention, and a structure using the members shown in FIGS. That is, FIGS. 8A to 8F are cross-sectional views showing modified examples of the new roofing material 5. In particular, FIGS. 8E and 8F show hanging members 39 (shown by dotted lines) for fixing the new roofing material 5. ).
[0031]
9 and 10 show modified examples of the backing material 2 and the sheet-like heating element 3. FIGS. 9A and 9B show a cutout 40 and a convex portion 41 which serve as overlapping guides. (C) is an example in which a hollow hole 42 is provided inside to facilitate the humidity control function, and (d) is an example in which the sheet-like heating element 3 is attached to the back side of the backing material 2. .
[0032]
FIG. 10A shows an example in which the sheet-like heating element 3 is attached to the entire surface of the backing material 2, heat is easily transmitted to the entire surface of the new roofing material 5, and the cavitation phenomenon during snow melting can be prevented. It is an example. FIG. 10B shows an example in which a plurality of sheet-like heating elements 3 are mounted on the surface of the backing material 2 in a strip shape.
[0033]
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing another example of the joint material 28, in which (b) a floor plate 29 as shown in the figure, (c) a fitting plate 30 as shown in the figure, and (d) a packing body as shown in the figure. 43, in particular, is an example of the joint member 28 in which the stitch plate 29 is formed of synthetic resin to reduce the cost.
[0034]
FIG. 12 shows an example in which a heat insulating material layer 44 is provided between the crosspieces 1 in the structure of the present invention. That is, the heat insulating material layer 44 is made of a board made of a synthetic resin foam such as a polyurethane foam, a polyisocyanurate foam, a phenol foam, a vinyl chloride foam, a polyethylene foam, a polystyrene foam, a urea foam, or a sheet made of such a synthetic resin foam. Sandwiched composite board, or plaster board, cement board, calcium carbonate board, calcium silicate board, ceramic board, wood chip cement board, magnesium carbonate board, sizing board, sizing insulation board, plywood, etc. Phenol polyol + isocyanate + flame retardant (hereinafter simply referred to as phenol urethane), which is made of a plate, or a flame retardant class 2 or a flame retardant class 3 (JIS-A-1321), is also available. Of course, there are also non-fluorocarbon (non-fluorocarbon-based) synthetic resins, and phenolic resins whose flame retardancy is achieved. The heat insulating material layer 44 is effective for improving the heat insulating property of the house, preventing dew condensation on the existing roof material E, preventing the corrosion of the roof foundation A, and improving the durability of the house. Furthermore, when the in-situ foamed synthetic resin foam is used, the existing roofing material E adheres to the heat insulating material layer 44, which is effective for improving the strength of the existing roofing material E.
[0035]
The surface of the heat insulating material layer 44 is made substantially flat, so that the scaffold and the mounting surface in the subsequent steps are stabilized, and no obstacle is caused in the steps after the mounting of the backing material 2.
[0036]
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing the middle of the process when using the sheet 4 cut for each width of the backing material 2 to simplify the construction.
[0037]
FIG. 14 shows an example in which a long band-shaped reinforcing member 45 made of a thin metal plate, a synthetic resin or the like is arranged on an existing roofing material E. As shown in FIG. 1, the reinforcing material 45 is a nail or a screw at a place where the rafter intersects with the main building, the ridge, the eaves girder, etc. constituting the B-frame from the existing roofing material E via the asphalt roofing D and the floor board C. The strength of the old roofing material E, which has become old, is fixed by using a fixing tool α such as a screw, a tex, an anchor, or an anchor bolt, and attached obliquely to the eaves direction. One reinforcing member 45 has both ends fixed to at least two of the main building, the purlin, and the eaves girder. The crossing of the reinforcing members 45 is performed on the rafters B or on the main roof, and by fixing with one fixing tool α at the lower part of the overlap, a stronger connection can be obtained.
[0038]
FIG. 15 shows a modified snow melting roof structure in which the pier 1 is deleted.
[0039]
The above description has been given of the case where the existing roofing material E is a horizontal roofing metal roof. The rehabilitation and snow melting function can be installed by the same method.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the modified snow melting roof structure according to the present invention, (1) all steps or most steps are performed using dry materials, so that workability is good. {Circle over (2)} The heat-insulating layer serves as a backup function for the exterior part, and can prevent deformation of the new roofing material even when working on the roof. {Circle around (3)} The void formed by the overlap of the heat insulating layers can function as a flow path for fresh air and the like, and further promotes the functions of the backing material such as a heat insulating material, a soundproofing material and a humidity control material. It is possible to prevent dew condensation and contribute to the prevention of corrosion of roof base materials, roof materials, and the like. (4) Since the sheet-like heating element is interposed between the heat-insulating layer and the exterior part, the heat generated from the sheet-like heating element does not dissipate toward the interior of the house due to the formation of the heat-insulating layer, and is mostly used for melting snow. It can be used as a heat source and has good efficiency. (5 ) In the case where the sheet-like heating element is formed by mixing carbon fiber into a synthetic resin, even if a part of the sheet-like heating element is broken or cut, it does not affect the heat generation of other parts at all, Has the property of reflecting radio waves, so that a radio wave shield can be formed over the entire roof. (6) Since a sheet in which magnetic material is mixed with far-infrared radiating ceramics is laid so as to cover the entire surface of the sheet heating element, the effect of melting snow is high, and heat is evenly spread over the entire surface of the new roofing material, and the heat storage effect is also improved. Because of its high cost, it is economical and can have a reliable snow melting function. There are features and effects.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a modified snow-melting roof structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a repaired snow melting roof structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an example of a roof material forming an exterior part.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a sheet laid on the entire upper surface of the backing material.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a backing material forming a backup and heat insulating layer.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a sheet-shaped heating element .
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example of a joint material.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a new roofing material.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a backing material and a sheet-like heating element .
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another example of a backing material and a sheet-like heating element .
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing another example of the joint material.
FIG. 12 is another example of the modified snow melting roof structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is another example of the renovated snow melting roof structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is another example of the modified snow melting roof structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is another example of the modified snow melting roof structure according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
α Fixture β Air gap A Roof base B Rafter C Field board D Asphalt roofing E Existing roofing material 1 Crosspiece 2 Backing material 2a Backing material 2b Backing material 3 Sheet heating element 4 Sheet 5 New roofing material 5a New roofing material 5b New roofing material 6 decorative surface 7 back surface 8 step decorative surface 9 insertion edge 10 hook groove 11 male connecting portion 12 fitting groove 13 fitting edge 14 fixing piece 15 female connecting portion 16 connecting piece 17 concave streak 18 concave streak 19 adhesive tape 20 Stapler 21 Synthetic resin sheet 22 Conductive wire 23 Conductive wire 24 Lead wire 25 Lead wire 26 Insulator sheet 27 Insulator sheet 28 Joint material 29 Seat plate 30 Fitting plate 31 Seat portion 32 Treat piece 32a Tongue piece 33 Rain return part 34 Locking part 35 Extension part 36 Extension tongue piece 37 Bottom surface 38 Locking tongue piece 39 Hanger 40 Notch 41 Convex part 42 Hollow hole 43 Packing body 44 Heat insulating material layer 45 Reinforcing material

Claims (1)

On the existing various roofing materials, a number of backing materials having a rectangular outer shape and heat insulating properties are abutted on the roofing material in the horizontal direction, and a vertical cross section is formed between the eaves and the pier in the ridge direction. A long side is superimposed and fixed in a stepwise manner to form a triangular void, and a backup and heat insulating layer is provided, and at least the entire upper surface of the backing material is covered with a sheet obtained by mixing far-infrared radiation ceramic with a magnetic material. A modified snowmelt characterized by providing an exterior part formed of a number of new roofing materials for stairs on the sheet and interposing a sheet-like heating element between the backing material and the sheet. Roof structure.

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