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JP3569050B2 - Hardening accelerator for cement - Google Patents
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JP3569050B2 - Hardening accelerator for cement - Google Patents

Hardening accelerator for cement Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3569050B2
JP3569050B2 JP24205695A JP24205695A JP3569050B2 JP 3569050 B2 JP3569050 B2 JP 3569050B2 JP 24205695 A JP24205695 A JP 24205695A JP 24205695 A JP24205695 A JP 24205695A JP 3569050 B2 JP3569050 B2 JP 3569050B2
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weight
parts
cao
cement
quick
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JPH0986987A (en
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実 武広
良明 土田
知伸 上保
寿 鈴木
俊一郎 宇智田
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Taiheiyo Cement Corp
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Taiheiyo Cement Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/32Aluminous cements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039Premixtures of ingredients
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/10Accelerators; Activators
    • C04B2103/12Set accelerators

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、トンネル、橋脚のような天井、壁面にセメントモルタルやコンクリートを吹き付けるに際し、モルタルやコンクリートに自重による剥落の余裕を与えず急速に硬化させるとともに、長期にわたる強度を付与するための急結材や、セメントに混合することにより初期強度発現性を高めるための硬化促進材として有用なセメント用硬化促進材に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
水和活性に優れた組成物をセメントペースト、モルタルやコンクリートに混合することによって、セメントの硬化、凝結速度を調整することができ、これによりコンクリートやモルタルの初期強度を著しく高めたり、凝結時間を極端に短くすることが可能である。この組成物を用いてトンネルの天井部、橋台下などの天板にコンクリートやモルタルを吹き付ける、いわゆる吹き付け工法が広く行われている。また、この組成物は硬化時間が速いため即脱型のコンクリート二次製品等にも使用されている。
【0003】
この組成物はセメント用急結材、速硬性混和材等と呼ばれ(本発明では、これらをセメント用硬化促進材と総称する)、例えば水ガラスを主体とするもの、アルミン酸塩を主体とするもの、か焼明ばん石を主体とするもの等が知られている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、これら従来のセメント用硬化促進材は、種々の欠点を有し、特に吹き付け工事に利用する場合には未だ充分満足すべきものではない。
【0005】
すなわち、吹き付け工事に使用する流動性コンクリートとして必要な特性は、付着性が良好で跳ね返りが少ないこと、コンクリートの凝結が早く付着後直ちに硬化すること、芯材となる鋼材を腐食させないことなどが挙げられる。これに対し水ガラスを主体とするものは硬化後のコンクリートの強度が向上せず長期安定性が不充分で、しかもアルカリ量も多くアルカリ公害を生じる恐れがある。
【0006】
また、アルミン酸ソーダと炭酸ソーダとからなる急結材は、その添加量の変動により凝結時間、初期強度が大きく変化し、品質が安定しないという問題点が指摘されている。また、これらは吸湿性が高く、アルカリ量も多く長期安定性にも問題があった。か焼明ばん石を主体とするものは、付着性が低く初期強度発現性も低い。溶融アルミン酸カルシウム系急結材では、溶融カルシウムアルミネートの組成がCaO/Alモル比で1.7付近でかつ非晶質のものを用いた場合に理想的な急結性能を示すがCaO/Alモル比の変動や、冷却速度の不足によるアルミン酸カルシウムの結晶化によりその急結性は低下する。
【0007】
一方、ナトリウムカルシウムアルミネート化合物系急結材では、セメントに対して充分な量を添加しないと充分な急結性能が発揮できない場合があり、また、通常では特に問題を生じないが、厳冬期には急結性能が低下するもの、硬化後の強度が充分に発現しないものがある。
【0008】
例えば、特開平2−258659号公報にはCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物でCaOが20〜53重量%、NaOが2〜20重量%及びAlが35〜75重量%である焼成物が開示されているが、この焼成物には3CaO・2NaO・5Alの結晶質及びガラス質が含まれている。ところが、この3CaO・2NaO・5Alの結晶質ではガラス質ほどの急結性は得られないため、その鉱物組成はガラス質にした方が好ましいが、ガラス質を製造するには溶融炉等を使用するためコストが高くなるという問題がある。
【0009】
従って本発明の目的は、セメントペースト、モルタル、コンクリートの凝結、硬化を著しく促進させ、しかも高い初期強度及び長期強度発現が期待できるセメント用硬化促進材を提供するものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで本発明者らはCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物に着目し、その化学組成及び鉱物組成と急結性能及び速硬性能との関係について種々検討した結果、CaO−NaO−Al系焼成物のうちで、化学組成をCaOが54〜65重量%、NaOが5〜20重量%でAlが21〜40重量%に調整した焼成物が非常に急結性能及び速硬性能を有し、セメント用速硬材として有用であることを見出した。また、鉱物組成の検討においては、CaO−NaO−Al系焼成物のうちで、8CaO・NaO・3Alの含量が高いほど急結性能及び速硬性能が良好であり、8CaO・NaO・3Alを50重量%以上含む焼成物が特にセメント用速硬材として良好であることを見出した。更に、これらの化学組成と鉱物組成との関係について詳細に検討した結果、CaOが54重量%を超えると焼成温度が低くても8CaO・NaO・3Alの生成が容易になり、上記の化学組成のときに鉱物組成8CaO・NaO・3Alが50重量%以上のCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物が得られ易く、この焼成物は特に水和活性が高く、急結性能及び速硬性能が良好であることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0012】
すなわち、本発明は、8CaO・Na2O・3Al2O3を50重量%以上含むCaO-Na2O-Al2O3系焼成物を含有するセメント用硬化促進材を提供するものである。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いられるCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物は、CaO、NaO及びAlに換算した化学組成がCaO 54〜65重量%、NaO 5〜20重量%及びAl21〜40重量%であるもの(A−1);又は鉱物組成8CaO・NaO・3Alを50重量%以上を含むもの(A−2)のいずれでもよいが、これらの化学組成及び鉱物組成の両者を満たすもの(A−3)が特に好ましい。
【0016】
すなわち、この8CaO・NaO・3Al(以下、CNAと略す)はCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物の中で最も高くカルシウムを含有する鉱物であり、他のCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物に比べ(例えば3CaO・2NaO・5Al(以下、Cと略す))に比
べ非常に良好な急結性能を示す。一方、このCNAはCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物を焼成する際にCaOを54重量%以上に確保することにより、その生成量が増加し、その結果急結性能が増大する。そして、特にCNA量が50重量%以上の場合、特に良好な急結性能を示す。ところが、CaOが54重量%未満の場合十分に焼成温度及び焼成時間をかけるとCNAが生成するが、その生成量は少なく、他の鉱物特にCが多量に生成し急結性能が低下する。特にCaOが40重量%以下の場合は3CaO・2NaO・5Alの生成量が増加し急結性能も低下する。またCaOが65重量%以上になると遊離石灰量が増加しコンクリート硬化体等の膨張の原因や、CaO−NaO−Al系焼成物中のCNAの含有量が低下し、好ましくない。
【0017】
また、良好な急結性能や速硬性を示した急結材についての検討結果から、当該成分CNAは、ゲルの生成→カルシウムアルミネート水和物の生成→エトリンガイト、モノサルフェート水和物の生成の順で水和が進行し、この反応の形態が非常に良好な急結性能を示すことが明らかになった。
【0018】
本発明で用いるCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物〔上記(A−1)、(A−2)及び(A−3)を総称して、以下成分(A)という〕においては、CNA含量が高いほど急結性能が良好であり、60重量%以上がより好ましく、70重量%以上が更に好ましく、90重量%以上が特に好ましい。
【0019】
また当該成分(A)中に含まれるCNA以外の成分としては、フリーCaO、NaO・Alが挙げられる。更に微量成分としてCaO・Al、SiO、KO、MgO、Fe、TiO等を合計で5重量%程度含有していてもよい。
【0020】
かかる成分(A)は、CaO源、NaO源及びAl源を1400℃未満の温度で焼成することにより得ることができる。焼成は、電気炉等の適切な設備により行われるが、NaOの揮散を考慮すると焼成温度が高い程NaOの揮散は高くなり、必ずしも高い温度で焼成する必要はないが、1100〜1400℃で焼成するのが好ましい。ここで、CaO源としてはCaO、CaCO、Ca(OH)などが、NaO源としてはNaCOなどが、Al源としてはAl、Al(OH)などが使用できる。なお、NaOとAlの共通源としてアルミン酸ナトリウムも使用できる。
【0021】
本発明のセメント用硬化促進材においては、成分(A)に加えて、アルミン酸アルカリ、炭酸アルカリ、石灰、石膏及び水酸化アルミニウムから選ばれる1種以上(成分(B))を配合すると、成分(A)の急結性能が更に向上する。すなわち、成分(A)と成分(B)の混合物をセメントに添加することにより、セメントペースト、モルタル、コンクリート中に多量のエトリンガイトやアルミナゲルが生成し凝結及び硬化が著しく促進される。当該成分(B)の添加量は、成分(A)100重量部に対し10〜300重量部が好ましいが、50〜200重量部が特に好ましい。
【0022】
これらのアルミン酸アルカリ、炭酸アルカリ、石灰、石膏及び水酸化アルミニウムは、このうち1種のみを用いてもよいが、2種以上を組合わせて用いるのが好ましく、これらすべてを配合するのが特に好ましい。
【0023】
アルミン酸アルカリ(B−1)としては特にアルミン酸ソーダが好ましく、成分(A)100重量部に対して0.1〜30重量部配合するのがより好ましい。アルミン酸アルカリの配合量は、成分(A)の焼成時に生成するアルミン酸ソーダ量によっても異なり、成分(A)中のアルミン酸ソーダ生成量が多い場合には添加しなくてもよく、30重量部を超えると吹き付け性状が低下する。
【0024】
炭酸アルカリ(B−2)は、成分(A)の急結性の補完的役割を果たす副材であり、その例としては炭酸リチウム、炭酸ソーダ、炭酸カリウム等が挙げられる。炭酸アルカリの配合量は、成分(A)100重量部に対し10〜40重量部が好ましい。これが10重量部未満ではAlイオンの溶出の増進が充分でなく、充分な急結性を示さないことがある。またこれが40重量部を超えると長期強度及び耐久性が低下することがある。
【0025】
石灰(B−3)は実質上80%以上のCaO又はCa(OH)となり、エトリンガイトの生成量及び生成速度を制御する重要な役割を果たす。その配合比は、成分(A)100重量部に対し5〜40重量部が好ましい。これが40重量部を超えると強度発現性が低下することがあり、またこれが5重量部未満では充分な急結性を示さないことがある。石灰として生石灰を用いる場合は、硬焼としてCa2+イオンの溶出を極力低下させたものが良好な性能を示す。
【0026】
石膏(B−4)は、エトリンガイト及びモノサルフェート水和物の生成のバランスを図るものであり、水不溶性のII型無水石膏が最も好ましい。その添加量は使用温度によって異なるが、成分(A)100重量部に対し0.1〜50重量部の範囲が好ましい。使用温度が5〜10℃では石膏の配合比は0.1〜20重量部が好ましい。低温度使用の場合、これらが20重量部以上となるとエトリンガイトの生成量が低く、強度発現が低くなる恐れがあるのでこの範囲が好ましい。石膏は、使用温度が10〜30℃では20〜30重量部、使用温度が30℃以上の場合は30〜50重量部で更に良好な急結性を示す。
【0027】
水酸化アルミニウム(B−5)は、アルミン酸ソーダの配合比が多い場合は可溶性アルミニウムを多く必要としない。アルミン酸ソーダの配合比が15重量部以下のときは使用すると良好な結果が得られる。また、水酸化アルミニウムの配合量は成分(A)100重量部に対し1〜20重量部が好ましく、使用温度が20℃以下のときは10〜20重量部、20℃以上のときは1〜10重量部使用するとより好ましい。
【0028】
このように、成分(A)100重量部に対し(B−1)アルミン酸アルカリを0.1〜30重量部、(B−2)炭酸アルカリを10〜40重量部、(B−3)石灰を5〜40重量部、(B−4)石膏を0.1〜50重量部、及び(B−5)水酸化アルミニウムを1〜20重量部配合すると、凝結時間が短縮されることから、吹き付け工事等に使用するセメント用急結材として特に有用である。
【0029】
また、本発明においては、成分(A)100重量部に対し、(C)CaO、NaO及びAlに換算した化学組成がCaO 1〜20重量%、NaO 20〜40重量%、Al40〜65重量%であり、アルミン酸ソーダを主体とした焼成物を10〜40重量部配合すると、急結性能が更に向上し、特に低温での凝結時間が短縮され、強度も向上する。ここで、当該成分(C)の焼成物はアルミン酸ソーダを主体とするものであるが、アルミン酸ソーダの含量は30重量%以上、特に50重量%以上が好ましい。また成分(C)にはアルミン酸ソーダ以外に主としてフリーCaOが含まれ、CaO・Alの含量は少ないほうが好ましい。なお、成分(C)は、CaO、NaO及びAlを1400℃未満の温度で焼成することにより得られる。
【0030】
なお、当該成分(A)及び成分(C)を含む組成物に前記成分(B)を配合する場合、その配合量は成分(A)及び成分(C)の合計量100重量部に対して(B−1)アルミン酸アルカリ0.1〜30重量部、(B−2)炭酸アルカリ10〜40重量部、(B−3)石灰5〜40重量部、(B−4)石膏0.1〜50重量部、(B−5)水酸化アルミニウム1〜20重量部が好ましい。この配合量は、成分(A)100重量部に対しては、(B−1)0.1〜42重量部、(B−2)11〜56重量部、(B−3)5.5〜56重量部、(B−4)0.1〜56重量部、(B−5)1〜28重量部である。
【0031】
本発明のセメント用硬化促進材を用いてセメントペースト、コンクリートやモルタルの凝結、硬化を促進させるには、セメントペースト、コンクリート又はモルタルを混練する際にこのセメント用硬化促進材をセメントに対し2〜40重量%添加すればよい。
【0032】
この方法によれば混練するセメントペースト、コンクリートやモルタルに必要な速硬性を付与することができる。予めセメントに本発明セメント用硬化促進材を混合した場合一定の使い方しかできないが、このように混練の際に添加すれば配合や添加量を変えることにより任意に硬化速度をコントロールすることができる。また特に急結性能に優れた硬化促進材を用いれば、コンクリート又はモルタルの吹き付けで使用できる。セメント用硬化促進材の添加量が2重量%未満では凝結、硬化速度が遅く吹き付け工事用としては充分でなく、またこれが40重量%を超えると長期強度及び耐久性が低下し好ましくない。
【0033】
【実施例】
次に実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【0034】
実験例1
NAの生成量と化学組成の関係を明らかにするため化学組成の異なるCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物の試製を実施した。CaO源には生石灰、Al源には日本軽金
属社製の純アルミナ、NaO源として炭酸ソーダを使用し電気炉で焼成した。尚
焼成温度は1250℃、焼成時間は1時間とした。
【0035】
試製したCaO−NaO−Al系焼成物のCNAの生成量を図1に示す。その結果、NaO含量が7〜8重量%の場合に特にCNA生成量が高くなり、CaO/Al比が1.4〜1.5(重量比)のときに最もCNAの生成量が高くなることが判明した。また、CaO/Al比が1.2以下の場合はCの生成が確認され、その急結性能は低下した。CaO/Al比が1.1以下の場合は、CNAの生成量が更に低下し、急結性能も低下することが判明した。
【0036】
製造例1
(1)成分(A)及び成分(C)の製造
CaO源に生石灰、アルミ源に日本軽金属社製の純アルミナ、NaO源として炭酸ソーダを使用し、ロータリーキルンにて1200〜1400℃で焼成し、CNAのX線強度の最も高くなった試料を得た。
【0037】
得られた成分(A)の焼成物及び成分(C)の焼成物の化学組成を表1及び表2に示す。またブレーン比表面積は約6000cm/gとした。また成分(A)中のCNAの含有量及び成分(C)中のアルミン酸ソーダ及びCの含有量はX線回折により求めた。
ソーダ灰(B−2)及びアルミン酸ソーダ(B−1)は工業用市販品を、また水酸化カルシウム(B−3)は純度98%の工業試薬を、また無水石膏(B−4)にはブレーン比表面積6000cm/gのものを、水酸化アルミニウム(B−5)は純度98%の試薬を用いた。
【0038】
【表1】

Figure 0003569050
【0039】
【表2】
Figure 0003569050
【0040】
実施例1
表3に示す組成のセメント用硬化促進材を調製し、その速硬性能を評価した。評価は、セメントの中20重量%を表2の硬化促進材に置き換えJIS R5201に準じてモルタル強さ試験を実施することにより行った。
その結果、表3に示すように本発明の硬化促進材はいずれも優れた速硬性を有することが判明した。
【0041】
【表3】
Figure 0003569050
【0042】
実施例2
表4に示す組成のセメント用硬化促進材を調製し、その急結性能を評価した。すなわち、口径10cm、高さ15cmの円筒型ポリ容器にセメント(普通ポルトランドセメント)400gを秤取り、これに水240ml(水セメント比0.6)を入れた後、直径5cmの羽付ハンドドリルで1000rpmの回転数で1分間混合し、28gの硬化促進材を添加後、5秒間攪拌し、セメントペーストを平滑にした後、静置した。硬化促進材を添加した直後よりセメントペーストの表面が完全に乾燥し始める時間を表乾時間とし、1/20inのプロクター貫入針を使用し1in.貫入した時の抵抗値を1、2、3及び5分後に測定した。なお、実験は20℃で行った。ここで表乾時間はセメントの凝結の開始時間を示し、プロクター貫入抵抗値は凝結に続く強度の促進を示す。
その結果、表4に示すように本発明の硬化促進材は、比較例の急結材よりも急速に凝結し、かつその強度も高かった。
【0043】
【表4】
Figure 0003569050
【0044】
実施例3
表5に示す組成のセメント用硬化促進材を調製し、その急結性能を実施例2と同様にして評価した。
その結果、表5に示すように、本発明の硬化促進材は10℃及び20℃のいずれの条件下でも極めて急速に凝結し、かつその強度も高いので、低温条件下でも使用できることがわかる。
【0045】
【表5】
Figure 0003569050
【0046】
【発明の効果】
本発明のセメント用硬化促進材はセメントペースト、モルタル、コンクリートを極めて速やかに凝結、硬化させ、かつ得られる硬化体の初期強度及び長期強度も高いので、速硬材及び急結材として有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】CaO−NaO−Al系焼成物におけるCaONaO及びAlの化学組成とCNAの生成量との関係を示す図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a method of spraying cement mortar or concrete on a ceiling or a wall surface such as a tunnel or a pier, in which the mortar or concrete is quickly hardened without giving it a margin for peeling off by its own weight, and a quick setting for imparting long-term strength. The present invention relates to a hardening accelerator for cement which is useful as a hardening accelerator for enhancing the initial strength development by mixing with cement and cement.
[0002]
[Prior art]
By mixing the composition with excellent hydration activity into cement paste, mortar and concrete, it is possible to adjust the hardening and setting speed of cement, thereby significantly increasing the initial strength of concrete and mortar and setting time. It can be extremely short. A so-called spraying method, in which concrete or mortar is sprayed on a ceiling plate of a tunnel or under an abutment using the composition, is widely used. In addition, this composition is used for quick-release concrete secondary products and the like because of its quick curing time.
[0003]
This composition is called a quick-setting material for cement, a quick-setting admixture, etc. (in the present invention, these are collectively referred to as a hardening accelerator for cement), for example, those mainly composed of water glass and those mainly composed of aluminates. There are known ones mainly made of calcined alumite.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, these conventional hardening accelerators for cement have various drawbacks and are not yet fully satisfactory, especially when used for spraying work.
[0005]
In other words, the properties required for fluid concrete used for spraying work include good adhesion and low rebound, quick setting of concrete, hardening immediately after adhesion, and corrosion of core steel. Can be On the other hand, those mainly composed of water glass do not improve the strength of the concrete after hardening, have insufficient long-term stability, and have a large amount of alkali, which may cause alkali pollution.
[0006]
In addition, it has been pointed out that the quick setting material composed of sodium aluminate and sodium carbonate has a problem that the setting time and the initial strength are greatly changed due to the change of the added amount, and the quality is not stable. In addition, they have high hygroscopicity, a large amount of alkali, and also have a problem in long-term stability. Those mainly composed of calcined alunite have low adhesion and low initial strength. The molten calcium aluminate-based quick-setting material exhibits ideal quick-setting performance when the composition of the molten calcium aluminate is around 1.7 in a CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio and is amorphous. However, the rapid-setting property is reduced due to fluctuation of the CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio and crystallization of calcium aluminate due to insufficient cooling rate.
[0007]
On the other hand, in the sodium-calcium-aluminate compound quick-setting material, sufficient quick-setting performance may not be exhibited unless a sufficient amount is added to the cement. In some cases, quick-setting performance is reduced, and in other cases, strength after curing is not sufficiently exhibited.
[0008]
For example, CaO is 20-53 wt% in the JP-A-2-258659 CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based sintered product, are Na 2 O 2 to 20 wt% and Al 2 O 3. 35 to Although the fired product is 75% by weight is disclosed, this fired product contains crystalline and glassy 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3. However, since the 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O quick-setting property enough vitreous crystalline of 3 can not be obtained, the mineral composition is preferably better to the vitreous, in order to produce a glassy There is a problem that the cost increases because a melting furnace or the like is used.
[0009]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hardening accelerator for cement capable of remarkably accelerating the setting and hardening of cement paste, mortar and concrete, and exhibiting high initial strength and long-term strength.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have focused on the CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based sintered product, a result of various studies on the relationship between the chemical composition and mineral composition and rapid setting performance and rapid setting properties, CaO-Na 2 Among the O-Al 2 O 3 fired products, fired products whose chemical compositions are adjusted to 54 to 65 wt% of CaO, 5 to 20 wt% of Na 2 O, and 21 to 40 wt% of Al 2 O 3 It has very quick setting performance and rapid hardening performance, and has been found to be useful as a fast hardening material for cement. In the examination of the mineral composition, among the CaO—Na 2 O—Al 2 O 3 fired products, the higher the content of 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3 , the better the quick setting performance and rapid hardening performance. , and the found that the fired product comprising 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3 50 wt% or more is particularly excellent as a cement for fast hardwood. Moreover, as a result of detailed study about the relationship between these chemical composition and mineral composition, CaO becomes easier than the sintering temperature generated in 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3 be lower 54% by weight, easily mineralogy 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3 is 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based sintered product of more than 50 wt% CaO-Na is obtained when the chemical composition, the calcined product, especially hydrated It has been found that the activity is high and the quick-setting performance and the quick-setting performance are good, and the present invention has been completed.
[0012]
That is, the present invention is to provide a cement curing accelerator material containing CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based sintered product containing 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3 50 wt% or more.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based calcined product used in the present invention, CaO, Na 2 O and Al 2 O 3 chemical composition in terms of the CaO 54 to 65 wt%, Na 2 O 5~20 weight % And Al 2 O 3 21 to 40% by weight (A-1); or a substance containing 50% by weight or more of the mineral composition 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3 (A-2). However, those satisfying both the chemical composition and the mineral composition (A-3) are particularly preferable.
[0016]
That is, this 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3 ( hereinafter, referred to as C 8 NA 3) is a mineral containing the highest calcium in CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based sintered product, compared to other CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based baked product (e.g. 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 ( hereinafter, C 3 abbreviated as N 2 a 5)) very good quick-comparison with Show performance. On the other hand, by securing to the C 8 NA 3 54 wt% or more of CaO when fired CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based sintered product, the production amount is increased, resulting quick-performance Increase. In particular, when the C 8 NA 3 amount is 50% by weight or more, particularly good quick-setting performance is exhibited. However, when CaO is less than 54% by weight, if the calcination temperature and calcination time are sufficiently applied, C 8 NA 3 is formed, but the amount of C 8 NA 3 is small, and other minerals, especially C 3 N 2 A 5, are generated in large amounts. Quick-setting performance decreases. In particular CaO is also lowered rapid setting performance increased production of 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 in the case of 40 wt% or less. When the content of CaO is 65% by weight or more, the amount of free lime increases, causing expansion of the concrete hardened body and the like, and the content of C 8 NA 3 in the CaO—Na 2 O—Al 2 O 3 fired product decreases. Is not preferred.
[0017]
In addition, from the examination results of the quick-setting material showing good quick-setting performance and quick-setting properties, the component C 8 NA 3 was found to form a gel → calcium aluminate hydrate → ettringite, monosulfate hydrate Hydration proceeded in the order of the formation of, and it was revealed that this form of reaction exhibited very good quick-setting performance.
[0018]
CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based sintered product for use in the present invention in [the above (A-1), (A -2) and are collectively referred to (A-3), hereinafter referred to as component (A)] is , C 8 NA 3 content is higher, the quick setting performance is better, more preferably 60% by weight or more, further preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 90% by weight or more.
[0019]
As components other than C 8 NA 3 contained in the component (A), free CaO, Na 2 O.Al 2 O 3 may be mentioned. Further, as a trace component, CaO.Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , K 2 O, MgO, Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2, etc. may be contained in a total amount of about 5% by weight.
[0020]
Such a component (A) can be obtained by firing a CaO source, a Na 2 O source and an Al 2 O 3 source at a temperature of less than 1400 ° C. Calcination is carried out by suitable equipment such as an electric furnace, Na 2 O volatilization volatilization of firing at higher temperatures Na 2 O and consideration of higher need not be fired necessarily high temperatures, 1100 to It is preferable to fire at 1400 ° C. Here, CaO, CaCO 3 , Ca (OH) 2 and the like are used as CaO sources, Na 2 CO 3 and the like are used as Na 2 O sources, and Al 2 O 3 and Al (OH) 3 are used as Al 2 O 3 sources. Can be used. Note that sodium aluminate can be used as a common source of Na 2 O and Al 2 O 3 .
[0021]
In the hardening accelerator for cement of the present invention, when one or more components (component (B)) selected from alkali aluminate, alkali carbonate, lime, gypsum and aluminum hydroxide are added to component (A), The quick setting performance of (A) is further improved. That is, by adding a mixture of the components (A) and (B) to cement, a large amount of ettringite or alumina gel is formed in cement paste, mortar, or concrete, and the setting and hardening are remarkably promoted. The amount of the component (B) to be added is preferably from 10 to 300 parts by weight, particularly preferably from 50 to 200 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the component (A).
[0022]
Among these alkali aluminates, alkali carbonates, lime, gypsum and aluminum hydroxide, only one of them may be used, but it is preferable to use a combination of two or more, and it is particularly preferable to mix all of them. preferable.
[0023]
As the alkali aluminate (B-1), sodium aluminate is particularly preferred, and 0.1 to 30 parts by weight is more preferably blended with respect to 100 parts by weight of the component (A). The amount of the alkali aluminate varies depending on the amount of sodium aluminate produced during the calcination of the component (A). When the amount of sodium aluminate produced in the component (A) is large, it may not be added. If it exceeds the part, the spraying properties will be reduced.
[0024]
Alkali carbonate (B-2) is a secondary material that plays a complementary role in the rapid setting of component (A), and examples thereof include lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate. The compounding amount of the alkali carbonate is preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the component (A). If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the elution of Al 2 O 3 ions is not sufficiently enhanced, and sufficient quick-setting properties may not be exhibited. If it exceeds 40 parts by weight, the long-term strength and durability may decrease.
[0025]
Lime (B-3) is substantially 80% or more CaO or Ca (OH) 2 , and plays an important role in controlling the amount and rate of ettringite production. The compounding ratio is preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the component (A). If the amount exceeds 40 parts by weight, strength developability may decrease, and if it is less than 5 parts by weight, sufficient quick-setting property may not be exhibited. When quick lime is used as lime, hard calcination with Ca 2+ ion elution as low as possible exhibits good performance.
[0026]
Gypsum (B-4) balances the production of ettringite and monosulfate hydrate, and water-insoluble type II anhydrous gypsum is most preferred. The addition amount varies depending on the use temperature, but is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of component (A). When the working temperature is 5 to 10C, the mixing ratio of gypsum is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by weight. In the case of using at a low temperature, if these are used in an amount of 20 parts by weight or more, the amount of ettringite produced is low, and there is a possibility that the strength is reduced, so this range is preferable. Gypsum exhibits better quick setting properties at 20 to 30 parts by weight when the use temperature is 10 to 30 ° C, and at 30 to 50 parts by weight when the use temperature is 30 ° C or higher.
[0027]
Aluminum hydroxide (B-5) does not require much soluble aluminum when the mixing ratio of sodium aluminate is large. When the mixing ratio of sodium aluminate is 15 parts by weight or less, good results are obtained when used. The amount of aluminum hydroxide is preferably from 1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of component (A), 10 to 20 parts by weight when the use temperature is 20 ° C or lower, and 1 to 10 parts by weight when the temperature is 20 ° C or higher. It is more preferable to use parts by weight.
[0028]
Thus, (B-1) 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of alkali aluminate, (B-2) 10 to 40 parts by weight of alkali carbonate, and (B-3) lime with respect to 100 parts by weight of component (A) When 5 to 40 parts by weight of (B-4), 0.1 to 50 parts by weight of gypsum, and 1 to 20 parts by weight of (B-5) aluminum hydroxide are mixed, the setting time is shortened. It is particularly useful as a quick setting material for cement used in construction and the like.
[0029]
In the present invention, based on 100 parts by weight of the component (A), the chemical composition in terms of (C) CaO, Na 2 O and Al 2 O 3 is 1 to 20% by weight of CaO and 20 to 40% by weight of Na 2 O. %, Al 2 O 3 is 40 to 65% by weight. When 10 to 40 parts by weight of a baked product mainly composed of sodium aluminate is blended, quick setting performance is further improved, and the setting time at a low temperature is particularly shortened. Strength is also improved. Here, the fired product of the component (C) is mainly composed of sodium aluminate, and the content of sodium aluminate is preferably 30% by weight or more, particularly preferably 50% by weight or more. In addition, the component (C) mainly contains free CaO in addition to sodium aluminate, and it is preferable that the content of CaO.Al 2 O 3 is small. The component (C) is obtained by calcining CaO, Na 2 O and Al 2 O 3 at a temperature lower than 1400 ° C.
[0030]
In addition, when mix | blending the said component (B) with the composition containing the said component (A) and a component (C), the compounding quantity is based on 100 weight part of the total amount of a component (A) and a component (C). B-1) 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of alkali aluminate, (B-2) 10 to 40 parts by weight of alkali carbonate, (B-3) 5 to 40 parts by weight of lime, (B-4) 0.1 to plaster 50 parts by weight and 1 to 20 parts by weight of (B-5) aluminum hydroxide are preferred. The amount is 0.1 to 42 parts by weight of (B-1), 11 to 56 parts by weight of (B-2), and 5.5 to 5.5 parts of (B-3) based on 100 parts by weight of component (A). 56 parts by weight, (B-4) 0.1 to 56 parts by weight, and (B-5) 1 to 28 parts by weight.
[0031]
In order to promote the setting and hardening of cement paste, concrete and mortar using the cement hardening accelerator of the present invention, when kneading the cement paste, concrete or mortar, the cement hardening accelerator is added to the cement by 2 to 2. What is necessary is just to add 40 weight%.
[0032]
According to this method, necessary quick-hardening properties can be imparted to the cement paste, concrete or mortar to be kneaded. When the curing accelerator for cement of the present invention is previously mixed with cement, it can be used only to a certain extent. However, if it is added at the time of kneading, the curing speed can be arbitrarily controlled by changing the blending and the amount added. Further, if a hardening accelerator excellent in quick setting performance is used, it can be used for spraying concrete or mortar. If the addition amount of the cement hardening accelerator is less than 2% by weight, the setting and hardening speed is too slow to be sufficient for spraying work, and if it exceeds 40% by weight, long-term strength and durability are undesirably reduced.
[0033]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0034]
Experimental example 1
In order to clarify the relationship between the generation amount of C 8 NA 3 and the chemical composition, trial production of CaO—Na 2 O—Al 2 O 3 based fired products having different chemical compositions was performed. Calcined lime was used as the CaO source, pure alumina manufactured by Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. was used as the Al 2 O 3 source, and sodium carbonate was used as the Na 2 O source. The firing temperature was 1250 ° C., and the firing time was 1 hour.
[0035]
FIG. 1 shows the amount of C 8 NA 3 generated from the trial-produced CaO—Na 2 O—Al 2 O 3 -based fired product. As a result, when the Na 2 O content is 7 to 8% by weight, the generation amount of C 8 NA 3 is particularly high, and when the CaO / Al 2 O 3 ratio is 1.4 to 1.5 (weight ratio), the most. It was found that the production amount of C 8 NA 3 was increased. When the CaO / Al 2 O 3 ratio was 1.2 or less, generation of C 3 N 2 A 5 was confirmed, and the quick-setting performance was reduced. When the CaO / Al 2 O 3 ratio was 1.1 or less, it was found that the generation amount of C 8 NA 3 was further reduced and the quick-setting performance was also reduced.
[0036]
Production Example 1
(1) Production of component (A) and component (C) Using calcined lime as a CaO source, pure alumina manufactured by Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. as an aluminum source, and sodium carbonate as a Na 2 O source, firing at 1200 to 1400 ° C. in a rotary kiln. Then, a sample having the highest X-ray intensity of C 8 NA 3 was obtained.
[0037]
Tables 1 and 2 show the chemical compositions of the fired product of the component (A) and the fired product of the component (C). The Blaine specific surface area was about 6000 cm 2 / g. The content of C 8 NA 3 in the component (A) and the content of sodium aluminate and C 3 N 2 A 5 in the component (C) were determined by X-ray diffraction.
Soda ash (B-2) and sodium aluminate (B-1) are industrial commercial products, calcium hydroxide (B-3) is 98% pure industrial reagent, and anhydrous gypsum (B-4). Used was a brane specific surface area of 6000 cm 2 / g, and aluminum hydroxide (B-5) used a reagent having a purity of 98%.
[0038]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003569050
[0039]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003569050
[0040]
Example 1
A hardening accelerator for cement having the composition shown in Table 3 was prepared, and its quick-setting performance was evaluated. The evaluation was performed by replacing 20% by weight of the cement with the hardening accelerator in Table 2 and performing a mortar strength test according to JIS R5201.
As a result, as shown in Table 3, it was found that all of the curing accelerators of the present invention had excellent quick-setting properties.
[0041]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003569050
[0042]
Example 2
A hardening accelerator for cement having the composition shown in Table 4 was prepared, and its quick setting performance was evaluated. That is, 400 g of cement (ordinary Portland cement) is weighed into a cylindrical plastic container having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 15 cm, 240 ml of water (water-cement ratio: 0.6) is put into the container, and then a hand drill having a diameter of 5 cm with a feather is used. The mixture was mixed at a rotation speed of 1000 rpm for 1 minute, 28 g of a hardening accelerator was added, and the mixture was stirred for 5 seconds to smooth the cement paste and then allowed to stand. The time that the surface of the cement paste begins to dry completely immediately after the addition of the curing accelerator member and-dry time, 1in using 1 / 20in 2 Proctor penetration needle. The resistance value at the time of penetration was measured after 1, 2, 3 and 5 minutes. The experiment was performed at 20 ° C. Here, the surface drying time indicates the onset time of the setting of the cement, and the proctor penetration resistance indicates the enhancement of the strength following the setting.
As a result, as shown in Table 4, the hardening accelerator of the present invention set faster and had higher strength than the quick-setting material of the comparative example.
[0043]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003569050
[0044]
Example 3
A hardening accelerator for cement having the composition shown in Table 5 was prepared, and its quick setting performance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2.
As a result, as shown in Table 5, it can be seen that the curing accelerator of the present invention coagulates very rapidly under any of the conditions of 10 ° C. and 20 ° C. and has high strength, so that it can be used even at a low temperature.
[0045]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003569050
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
The hardening accelerator for cement of the present invention solidifies and hardens cement paste, mortar, and concrete very quickly, and has a high initial strength and a long-term strength of the obtained hardened body, so that it is useful as a quick-hardening material and a quick-setting material. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing the relationship between the chemical composition of CaONa 2 O and Al 2 O 3 in the CaO—Na 2 O—Al 2 O 3 fired product and the amount of C 8 NA 3 produced.

Claims (3)

8CaO・Na2O・3Al2O3を50重量%以上含むCaO-Na2O-Al2O3系焼成物を含有するセメント用硬化促進材。 8CaO · Na 2 O · 3Al 2 O 3 cement curing accelerator material containing CaO-Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 based sintered product containing 50 wt% or more. (A)請求項記載のCaO-Na2O-Al2O3系焼成物100重量部、並びに(B)アルミン酸アルカリ、炭酸アルカリ、石灰、石膏及び水酸化アルミニウムから選ばれる1種以上10〜300重量部を含有するセメント用硬化促進材。 (A) CaO-Na 2 O -Al 2 O 3 based sintered product 100 parts by weight of claim 1, wherein, and (B) alkali aluminate, alkali carbonate, lime, one or more selected from gypsum and aluminum hydroxide 10 A hardening accelerator for cement containing up to 300 parts by weight. (A)請求項記載のCaO-Na2O-Al2O3系焼成物100重量部、(B−1)アルミン酸アルカリ0.1〜30重量部、(B−2)炭酸アルカリ10〜40重量部、(B−3)石灰5〜40重量部、(B−4)石膏0.1〜50重量部、及び(B−5)水酸化アルミニウム1〜20重量部を含有するセメント用硬化促進材。 (A) CaO-Na 2 O -Al 2 O 3 based sintered product 100 parts by weight of claim 1, wherein, (B-1) an alkali 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of aluminate, (B-2) an alkali carbonate 10 Hardening for cement containing 40 parts by weight, (B-3) 5 to 40 parts by weight of lime, (B-4) 0.1 to 50 parts by weight of gypsum, and (B-5) 1 to 20 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide Accelerator material.
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