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JP3569702B2 - DC fan motor with constant air volume control - Google Patents
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JP3569702B2 - DC fan motor with constant air volume control - Google Patents

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JP3569702B2
JP3569702B2 JP2002306920A JP2002306920A JP3569702B2 JP 3569702 B2 JP3569702 B2 JP 3569702B2 JP 2002306920 A JP2002306920 A JP 2002306920A JP 2002306920 A JP2002306920 A JP 2002306920A JP 3569702 B2 JP3569702 B2 JP 3569702B2
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motor
rotation speed
fan motor
voltage
air volume
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JP2003143887A (en
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昌亨 ▲高▼田
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松下エコシステムズ株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、レンジフードや天井埋め込み型の換気扇などに利用される風量一定制御DCファンモータに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、レンジフードや天井埋め込み型の換気扇などにおいては、調理の状態や居室の状況に応じて、最適な風量で換気ができるような制御性のよいファンモータが求められている。
【0003】
従来、この種のファンモータは、ダクトの状態など外的要因によって風量が変化したり、風量検出のために専用のセンサーを必要があるなどの問題があったため、我々はすでに図12〜図17に示すような方法を提案している。
【0004】
図に示すように1はDCモータ2を搭載したDCファンモータで、その吐出口8はダクト9に接続されている。ダクト9はDCファンモータ1によって吸い込まれたたばこの煙や調理による廃ガスによって汚染された室内空気を、建物の壁10を通過させて室外に導くダクトである。DCモータ2は回転子位置によって固定子巻線に対する通電を制御するスイッチング素子より構成された通電制御手段3によって回転を制御され、スイッチング電源12からDCモータ2への電流供給をマイクロコンピュータ53のゲート信号によって制御し、このゲート信号の変化時間から回転数検出手段4がDCモータ2の回転数を検出している。7は強、中、弱などのDCファンモータ1の運転風量を指示する風量指示手段で、強中弱それぞれの目標の風量を実現するための、DCモータ2に対する各印加電圧における必要回転数を回転数記憶手段51が記憶している。52は電圧制御手段で、風量指示手段7に指示された風量と現在のDCモータ2に対する印加電圧から、指示された風量でDCファンモータ1を運転するための回転数を回転数記憶手段51より選定したのち、その選定した回転数と回転数検出手段4が検出した現在の運転回転数を比較して、運転回転数が選定回転数と同一となるよう、DCモータ2に対する印加電圧を制御するものであり、回転数検出手段4、電圧制御手段52、回転数記憶手段51はマイクロコンピュータ53とスイッチング電源12および周辺回路より構成されている。
【0005】
上記構成において、予めDCファンモータ1を運転し、図13に示すようにDCモータ2の電圧を連続的に変化させ、各電圧V、V、V、…における、DCファンモータ1の強、中、弱の運転風量Q、Q、Qにおける回転数Nh1、Nh2、Nh3、…とNm1、Nm2、Nm3、…とNl1、Nl2、Nl3、…を測定し、図10の表に示すようにそれぞれの運転風量において、各電圧に対する回転数を風量指示手段7に指示された風量で運転するために必要な回転数として、回転数記憶手段51に記憶させておく。そして、DCファンモータ1を実際に設置して予め決めておいた電圧、図におけるVを電圧制御手段52によって通電制御手段3を介してDCモータ2に印加し運転を開始する。すると、通電制御手段3がDCモータ2の回転子位置に応じて巻線に対する通電を切り換え、DCモータ2は風路のダクト損失、図におけるLに応じた回転数で回転する。このとき回転数検出手段4は通電制御手段3の巻線に対する通電の切り換え速度より回転数Nを検出する。次に、風量指示手段7によって運転風量、図におけるQを指示すると、電圧制御手段52が、回転数記憶手段51に記憶された回転数より、現在の印加電圧Vにおいて指示風量Qで運転するために必要な回転数Nmaを検索し、NとNmaを比較する。比較の結果、図15および図16に示すようにN<Nmaの場合、遠心送風機であるので図からわかるように、指示風量Qより多い風量で運転されていることになるので、印加電圧を下げる必要があり、電圧制御手段52が図におけるΔvだけ電圧を下げて印加電圧をVとする。この状態で再び回転数検出手段4が、変更後の印加電圧Vにおける回転数、図におけるNを検出するとともに電圧制御手段52が、回転数記憶手段51に記憶された回転数より、Vにおける指示風量Qで運転するために必要な回転数Nmbを検索し、NとNmbを比較する。比較の結果、図に示すようにN>Nmbの場合、印加電圧Vで運転された場合とは逆に指示風量Qより少ない風量で運転されていることになるので、印加電圧を上げる必要があり、電圧制御手段52が図におけるΔvだけ電圧を下げて印加電圧をVとするとともに、再び回転数検出手段4が、変更後の印加電圧Vにおける回転数、図におけるNを検出し、電圧制御手段52が回転数記憶手段51に記憶された回転数より、Vにおける指示風量Qで運転するために必要な回転数Nmcを検索し、NとNmcを比較する。比較の結果、図に示すようにN<Nmcの場合、Vのときと同じく、指示風量Qより多い風量で運転されていることになるので、印加電圧を下げる必要があり、電圧制御手段52が図におけるΔvだけ電圧を下げて印加電圧をVとする。このとき、図に示すように印加電圧Vにおける回転数Nが、印加電圧Vにおける指示風量Qで運転するために必要な回転数NmLと等しくなると、DCファンモータ1が指示された風量Qで運転されているので、電圧制御手段52は印加電圧Vを保持して風量Qを確保するものである。各印加電圧ごとの調整電圧はΔv>Δv>Δvで徐々に指示風量に近づけていくものである。もし、何らかの理由によって風路の圧損Lが変化し、風量が変化した場合でも、常に運転回転数と記憶された回転数を比較し、上記と同様の動作で電圧を制御している。(例えば、特許文献1〜3)
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開平5−146189号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平5−223091号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平5−236779号公報
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記従来の風量一定制御DCファンモータでは、DCファンモータを設置する雰囲気温度が回転数記憶手段に記憶された回転数を計測したときの温度よりも高くなった場合は排気風量が目標風量よりも増加し、逆の場合は排気風量が目標風量よりも減少するといった課題があった。また、必要換気量は居室の種類および収容人員または室面積によって異なるため、回転数記憶手段の標準化が図れない、回転数記憶手段を構成するマイコンのROM容量が膨大となり、コスト高となるという課題があった。
【0008】
本発明は上記課題を解決するもので、DCファンモータを設置する雰囲気温度が変化しても、一定風量で運転できるとともに、ROM容量の少ないマイコンでも、DCファンモータを設置する雰囲気温度が変化しても、一定風量で運転できる風量一定制御DCファンモータを提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の風量一定制御DCファンモータは、DCモータを搭載した遠心型のDCファンモータと、前記DCモータに対する通電を制御する通電制御手段と、この通電制御手段の動作より前記DCモータの運転回転数を検出する回転数検出手段と、前記DCファンモータの設置される雰囲気温度を検出する雰囲気温度検出手段と、前記DCファンモータの運転風量を指示する風量指示手段と、この風量指示手段によって指示された各風量で一定運転するために必要な雰囲気温度毎の印加電圧−回転数の関係を示す近似式を記憶する算出式記憶手段とを設け、前記回転数検出手段によって検出された運転回転数と前記風量指示手段によって指示された風量と前記雰囲気温度検出手段によって検出された雰囲気温度と前記DCモータへの現在の印加電圧と前記算出式記憶手段に記憶された近似式から、この近似式を満たすよう前記DCモータへの印加電圧を制御する電圧制御手段を配してなる風量一定制御DCファンモータの構成としたものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
請求項1に記載の発明は、DCモータの運転回転数を検出する回転数検出手段と、前記DCファンモータの設置される雰囲気温度を検出する雰囲気温度検出手段と、前記DCファンモータの運転風量を指示する風量指示手段と、この風量指示手段によって指示された各風量で一定運転するために必要な雰囲気温度毎の印加電圧−回転数の関係を示す近似式を記憶する算出式記憶手段とを設け、前記回転数検出手段によって検出された運転回転数と前記風量指示手段によって指示された風量と前記雰囲気温度検出手段によって検出された雰囲気温度と前記DCモータへの現在の印加電圧と前記算出式記憶手段に記憶された近似式から、この近似式を満たすよう前記DCモータへの印加電圧を制御する電圧制御手段を配してなる風量一定制御DCファンモータの構成とすることにより、雰囲気温度と指示風量と現在の印加電圧から回転数算出手段が必要な回転数を近似により求め、運転回転数が近似により求めた回転数になるようDCモータに対する印加電圧を制御するので、雰囲気温度が変化しても、指示された一定風量でのファンモータの運転を可能とすることができる。
【0011】
以下、本発明の実施例について図1〜図10を参照しながら説明する。
【0012】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
図1〜図3を参照しながら説明する。なお、従来例と同一部分には同一番号を付し詳細な説明は省略する。図に示すように13はDCファンモータ1の設置される雰囲気温度を検出する雰囲気温度検出手段で、6は各雰囲気温度毎に風量指示手段7に指示された風量でDCファンモータ1を運転するために各印加電圧毎の必要な回転数を記憶する回転数記憶手段で、予めDCファンモータ1を運転し、DCモータ2の電圧を連続的に変化させ、各電圧V、V、V、…における、DCファンモータ1の強、中、弱の運転風量Q、Q、Qにおける回転数Nh1、Nh2、Nh3、…とNm1、Nm2、Nm3、…とNl1、Nl2、Nl3、…を測定し、それぞれの運転風量において、各電圧に対する回転数を風量指示手段7に指示された風量で運転するために必要な回転数として記憶し、雰囲気温度を変えてこの作業を繰り返し行うことによって、マイクロコンピュータ11のROM内にテーブル化している。そして、5は電圧制御手段で、雰囲気温度検出手段13によって検出された雰囲気温度と風量指示手段7に指示された風量と現在のDCモータ2に対する印加電圧から、指示された風量でDCファンモータ1を運転するための回転数を回転数記憶手段6より選定したのち、その選定した回転数と回転数検出手段4が検出した現在の運転回転数を比較して、運転回転数が選定した回転数と同一となるよう、DCモータ2に対する印加電圧を制御するものであり、その他の構成は従来例の構成と同じである。
【0013】
上記構成において、DCファンモータ1の電源を投入すると、マイクロコンピュータ11のROMに記憶されたプログラムの手順にしたがって運転が開始される。まず初期電圧を出力するとともに、初期ゲート信号を出力し、DCモータ2を回転させる。次にDCモータ2の回転子位置を検出し、検出された位置に応じたゲート信号を出力する。このゲート信号の変化時間を計測したのちこの変化時間から運転回転数を演算し保持しておく。そして、風量指示信号を取り込んで指示風量を確認するとともに、雰囲気温度検出手段13から雰囲気温度信号を取り込んで、予めマイクロコンピュータ11のROMに記憶されている回転数記憶手段6のメモリーテーブルの中から、雰囲気温度と運転風量と印加電圧に合致するメモリー回転数を検索し、先程保持した運転回転数と比較する。比較の結果、回転数が同じであればスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を維持してゲート信号の変化時間の計測にもどり、以後はこの繰り返しで運転が続行される。次に、比較の結果、運転回転数がメモリー回転数より大きい場合、風量を増加させる必要があるのでスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を上げる。比較の結果、運転回転数がメモリー回転数より小さい場合は、風量を減少させる必要があるのでスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を下げ、以後は回転数が等しくなるまで同じステップを繰り返すものである。
【0014】
このように本発明の第1の実施例の風量一定制御DCファンモータによれば、予め各雰囲気温度毎に指示された風量でDCファンモータ1を運転するために各印加電圧毎の必要な回転数を回転数記憶手段6に記憶させ、雰囲気温度検出手段13がDCファンモータ1の設置される雰囲気温度を検出し、通電制御手段3のゲート信号の変化時間から運転回転数を検出し、それを回転数記憶手段6の雰囲気温度、印加電圧に対応する回転数と比較しながら、スイッチング電源12によりDCモータ2への印加電圧を変化させ、DCファンモータ1の風量を制御しているので、雰囲気温度の影響を受けることなく常に指示風量での一定運転が可能になるという効果が得られることになる。
【0015】
つぎに、本発明の第2の実施例について図4〜図6を参照しながら説明する。なお、第1の実施例の構成と同一部分には同一番号を付し詳細な説明は省略する。図に示すように、14は雰囲気温度TおよびT(T<T)における、風量指示手段7に指示された風量でDCファンモータ1を運転するために各印加電圧毎の必要な回転数を記憶する回転数記憶手段で、15は雰囲気温度検出手段13が検出した温度Tと、DCモータ2への印加電圧Vと、回転数記憶手段14に記憶されている回転数NTLVnおよびNTHVnから次式より必要回転数を求める回転数演算手段である。
【0016】
【数1】

Figure 0003569702
【0017】
そして、16は回転数演算手段15によって求められた回転数と回転数検出手段4によって検出された運転回転数を比較して、同一回転数となるよう、DCモータ2に対する印加電圧を制御する電圧制御手段であり、その他の構成は第1の実施例の構成と同じである。
【0018】
上記構成において、DCファンモータ1の電源を投入すると、マイクロコンピュータ17のROMに記憶されたプログラムの手順にしたがって運転が開始される。まず初期電圧を出力するとともに、初期ゲート信号を出力し、DCモータ2を回転させる。次にDCモータ2の回転子位置を検出し、検出された位置に応じたゲート信号を出力する。このゲート信号の変化時間を計測したのちこの変化時間から運転回転数を演算し保持しておく。そして、風量指示信号を取り込んで指示風量Qを確認し、予めマイクロコンピュータ17のROMに記憶されている回転数記憶手段14のメモリーテーブルの中から指示風量と印加電圧に合致するメモリー回転数NhTLVnおよびNhTHVnを検索し、雰囲気温度検出手段13から雰囲気温度信号を取り込んで雰囲気温度Tを確認し、(数1)に基づいて回転数演算手段15が必要回転数NhTVnを求め、先程保持した運転回転数と比較する。比較の結果、回転数が同じであればスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を維持してゲート信号の変化時間の計測にもどり、以後はこの繰り返しで運転が続行される。また比較の結果、運転回転数が演算により求められた回転数より大きい場合、風量を増加させる必要があるのでスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を上げる。また比較の結果、運転回転数が演算により求められた回転数より小さい場合は、風量を減少させる必要があるのでスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を下げ、以後は回転数が等しくなるまで同じステップを繰り返すものである。
【0019】
このように本発明の第2の実施例の風量一定制御DCファンモータによれば、予め2種類の雰囲気温度において、指示された風量でDCファンモータ1を運転するために各印加電圧毎の必要な回転数を回転数記憶手段14に記憶させ、雰囲気温度検出手段13がDCファンモータ1の設置される雰囲気温度を検出し、回転数演算手段15が検出された雰囲気温度Tと、指示風量とDCモータ2への印加電圧Vと、回転数記憶手段14に記憶されている回転数NTLVnおよびNTHVnから比例計算により必要回転数を求め、通電制御手段3のゲート信号の変化時間から運転回転数を検出し、それを演算により求められた回転数と比較しながら、スイッチング電源12によりDCモータ2への印加電圧を変化させ、DCファンモータ1の風量を制御しているので、雰囲気温度の影響を受けることなく常に指示風量での一定運転が可能になるという効果が得られることになる。
【0020】
つぎに、本発明の第3の実施例について図7〜図9を参照しながら説明する。なお、第1の実施例と同一部分には同一番号を付し詳細な説明は省略する。図に示すように、19は雰囲気温度TにおいてDCファンモータ1を運転し、DCモータ2の電圧を連続的に変化させ、各電圧V、V、V、…における、DCファンモータ1の強、中、弱の運転風量Q、Q、Qにおける回転数Nh1、Nh2、Nh3、…とNm1、Nm2、Nm3、…とNl1、Nl2、Nl3、…を予め測定し、それぞれの運転風量において、印加電圧に対する回転数の関係を示す近似式とし、次に雰囲気温度Tを変えてこの作業を行い、得られた各雰囲気温度における近似式を記憶する算出式記憶手段で、18は指示風量と印加電圧と雰囲気温度検出手段13によって検出された雰囲気温度から近似により必要回転数を算出する回転数算出手段で、DCモータ2への印加電圧がVのとき、雰囲気温度Tにおける近似式から回転数NTLVnを算出し、次に雰囲気温度Tにおける近似式から回転数NTHVnを算出し、その他の構成は第2の実施例の構成と同じである。
【0021】
上記構成において、DCファンモータ1の電源を投入すると、マイクロコンピュータ20のROMに記憶されたプログラムの手順にしたがって運転が開始される。まず初期電圧を出力するとともに、初期ゲート信号を出力し、DCモータ2を回転させる。次に、DCモータ2の回転子位置を検出し、検出された位置に応じたゲート信号を出力する。このゲート信号の変化時間を計測したのちこの変化時間から運転回転数を演算し保持しておく。そして、風量指示信号を取り込んで指示風量Qを確認し、予めマイクロコンピュータ20のROM内の算出式記憶手段19に記憶されている近似式の中から指示風量に合致する近似式を選定し、印加電圧に合致する回転数NhTLVnおよびNhTHVnを算出し、雰囲気温度検出手段13から雰囲気温度信号を取り込んで雰囲気温度Tを確認し、(数1)に基づいて回転数算出手段18が必要回転数NhTVnを求め、先程保持した運転回転数と比較する。比較の結果、回転数が同じであればスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を維持してゲート信号の変化時間の計測にもどり、以後はこの繰り返しで運転が続行される。次に、比較の結果、運転回転数が算出された回転数より大きい場合、風量を増加させる必要があるのでスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を上げる。また、比較の結果、運転回転数が算出された回転数より小さい場合は、風量を減少させる必要があるのでスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を下げ、以後は回転数が等しくなるまで同じステップを繰り返すものである。
【0022】
このように本発明の第3の実施例の風量一定制御DCファンモータによれば、予め2種類の雰囲気温度において、指示された風量でDCファンモータ1を運転するために各印加電圧毎の必要な回転数を算出するための近似式を記憶し、雰囲気温度検出手段13がDCファンモータ1の設置される雰囲気温度を検出し、回転数算出手段18が検出された雰囲気温度Tと、指示風量とDCモータ2への印加電圧Vから比例計算により必要回転数を求め、通電制御手段3のゲート信号の変化時間から運転回転数を検出し、それを算出された回転数と比較しながら、スイッチング電源12によりDCモータ2への印加電圧を変化させ、DCファンモータ1の風量を制御しているので、ROM容量の少ないマイクロコンピュータ20を用いても、雰囲気温度の影響を受けることなく常に指示風量での一定運転が可能になるという効果が得られることになる。
【0023】
つぎに、本発明の第4の実施例について図10および図11を参照しながら説明する。なお、第1の実施例と同一部分には同一番号を付し詳細な説明は省略する。図に示すように、21は居室の種類および収容人員または室の床面積によって定まる必要換気量を設計業者あるいは施工業者が任意に設定入力することのできる風量設定手段で、23は樹脂モールドされたDCモータ2の外被の温度を測定する熱電対24の信号からDCモータ2の巻線の温度を推定する巻線温度検知手段で、25は巻線温度検知手段23で検知されたDCモータ2の巻線の温度から電機子回路の全抵抗を推定する抵抗値推定手段で、22は風量設定手段21で設定された風量でDCファンモータ1を運転するためのDCモータ2に対する印加電圧における規定回転数を演算する規定回転数演算手段で、つぎに示す方法で規定回転数を求めている。
【0024】
まず、DCモータ2の出力P(W)およびトルクT(N・m)は次式で示される。
【0025】
【数2】
Figure 0003569702
【0026】
【数3】
Figure 0003569702
【0027】
ここで、NはDCモータの回転数(r/min)、Iは電流(A)、Kはトルク定数を示し、(数2)および(数3)より次式が得られる。
【0028】
【数4】
Figure 0003569702
【0029】
また、一般流体における相似則には次式の関係が知られている。
【0030】
【数5】
Figure 0003569702
【0031】
【数6】
Figure 0003569702
【0032】
【数7】
Figure 0003569702
【0033】
ここで、Lはファンの軸動力(W)、Qは風量(m/min)、Pは静圧(mmAq)、Nはファンの回転数(r/min)、Dは羽根車の径(mm)、Kは軸動力係数、Kは風量係数、Kは静圧係数を示す。そして、(数5)は(数6)および(数7)から次式におきかえることができる。
【0034】
【数8】
Figure 0003569702
【0035】
そして、ファンとモータは直結していることから、ファンの軸動力Lと回転数Nはモータの出力Pと回転数Nに等しいことから、(数4)および(数8)から次式が得られる。
【0036】
【数9】
Figure 0003569702
【0037】
また、モータへの印加電圧をV(V)、電機子回路の全抵抗をR(Ω)、誘起電圧定数をKとすると、電機子回路に成立する回路方程式および誘起電圧E(V)は次式で示される。
【0038】
【数10】
Figure 0003569702
【0039】
【数11】
Figure 0003569702
【0040】
ここで、電機子回路の全抵抗Rは巻線の温度によって変化する。そこで、実使用時の電機子回路の全抵抗Rを次式に基づいて演算する。
【0041】
【数12】
Figure 0003569702
【0042】
ここで、Rは巻線温度T[℃]における電機子回路の初期抵抗値で、マイクロコンピュータ26のROMに記憶されている。
【0043】
そして、(数9)と(数10)と(数11)および(数12)から次式を得ることができる。
【0044】
【数13】
Figure 0003569702
【0045】
ここで、静圧係数K、羽根車の径D、トルク定数Kおよび誘起電圧定数KはDCファンモータ1の仕様が定まれば決定する定数であるから、設定風量QとDCモータ2への印加電圧Vから、規定回転数を算出することができる。そして、その他の構成は第1の実施例の構成と同じである。
【0046】
上記構成において、DCファンモータ1の設置施工時に設計業者が計算した居室の種類および収容人員または室の床面積によって定まった必要換気量を設計業者あるいは施工業者が風量設定手段に設定した後、DCファンモータ1の電源を投入すると、マイクロコンピュータ26のROMに記憶されたプログラムの手順にしたがって運転が開始される。まず初期電圧を出力するとともに、初期ゲート信号を出力し、DCモータ2を回転させる。次に、DCモータ2の回転子位置を検出し、検出された位置に応じたゲート信号を出力する。このゲート信号の変化時間を計測したのちこの変化時間から運転回転数を演算し保持しておく。そして、巻線温度検知手段23が熱電対24の信号から巻線の温度を検知し、抵抗値推定手段25が(数12)に基づいて電機子回路の全抵抗を推定し、規定回転数演算手段22が設定風量信号を取り込み、(数13)に基づいて規定回転数を演算する。そして、先程保持した運転回転数と比較する。比較の結果、回転数が同じであればスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を維持してゲート信号の変化時間の計測にもどり、以後はこの繰り返しで運転が続行される。次に、比較の結果、運転回転数が算出された規定回転数より大きい場合、風量を増加させる必要があるのでスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を上げる。また、比較の結果、運転回転数が算出された規定回転数より小さい場合は、風量を減少させる必要があるのでスイッチング電源12の出力電圧を下げ、以後は回転数が等しくなるまで同じステップを繰り返すものである。
【0047】
このように本発明の第4の実施例の風量一定制御DCファンモータによれば、居室の種類および収容人員または室面積によって定まる必要換気量を設計業者あるいは施工業者が任意に設定入力することのできる風量設定手段21と、巻線温度検知手段23と、検知された巻線温度からDCモータ2の電機子回路の全抵抗を推定する抵抗値推定手段25と、風量設定手段21によって設定された風量でDCモータ2を運転するための規定回転数を演算する規定回転数演算手段22を設けることによって、通電制御手段3のゲート信号の変化時間から運転回転数を検出し、それを求められた規定回転数と比較しながら、スイッチング電源12によりDCモータ2への印加電圧を変化させ、DCファンモータ1の風量を制御しているので、ROM容量の少ないマイクロコンピュータ26を用いても、雰囲気温度の影響を受けることなく、常に居室の種類および収容人員または室面積によって定まる必要換気量での一定運転が可能になるという効果が得られることになる。
【0048】
【発明の効果】
以上の実施例の説明からも明らかなように、本発明によれば、予め各雰囲気温度毎に指示された風量でDCファンモータを運転するために各印加電圧毎の必要な回転数を回転数記憶手段に記憶させ、雰囲気温度検出手段がDCファンモータの設置される雰囲気温度を検出し、通電制御手段のゲート信号の変化時間から運転回転数を検出し、それを回転数記憶手段の雰囲気温度、印加電圧に対応する回転数と比較しながら、スイッチング電源によりDCモータへの印加電圧を変化させ、DCファンモータの風量を制御しているので、夏・冬の外気温の変化や調理器具・冷暖房機器の使用状況などによる雰囲気温度の影響を受けることなく常に指示風量での一定運転ができる高性能の風量一定制御DCファンモータを提供できる。
【0049】
また、予め2種類の雰囲気温度において、指示された風量でDCファンモータを運転するために各印加電圧毎の必要な回転数を回転数記憶手段に記憶させ、雰囲気温度検出手段がDCファンモータの設置される雰囲気温度を検出し、回転数演算手段が検出された雰囲気温度Tと、指示風量とDCモータへの印加電圧Vと、回転数記憶手段に記憶されている回転数NTLVnおよびNTHVnから比例計算により必要回転数を求め、通電制御手段のゲート信号の変化時間から運転回転数を検出し、それを演算により求められた回転数と比較しながら、スイッチング電源によりDCモータへの印加電圧を変化させ、DCファンモータの風量を制御しているので、ROM容量の少ないマイクロコンピュータを用いても、雰囲気温度の影響を受けることなく常に指示風量での一定運転が可能な風量一定制御DCファンモータを提供できる。
【0050】
また、予め2種類の雰囲気温度において、指示された風量でDCファンモータを運転するために各印加電圧毎の必要な回転数を算出するための近似式を記憶し、雰囲気温度検出手段がDCファンモータの設置される雰囲気温度を検出し、回転数算出手段が検出された雰囲気温度Tと、指示風量とDCモータへの印加電圧Vから比例計算により必要回転数を求め、通電制御手段のゲート信号の変化時間から運転回転数を検出し、それを算出された回転数と比較しながら、スイッチング電源によりDCモータへの印加電圧を変化させ、DCファンモータの風量を制御しているので、ROM容量の非常に少ないマイクロコンピュータを用いても、雰囲気温度の影響を受けることなく常に指示風量での一定運転が可能で、安価な風量一定制御DCファンモータを提供できる。
【0051】
また、居室の種類および収容人員または室面積によって定まる必要換気量を設計業者あるいは施工業者が任意に設定入力することのできる風量設定手段と、巻線温度検知手段と、検知された巻線温度からDCモータの電機子回路の全抵抗を推定する抵抗値推定手段と、風量設定手段によって設定された風量でDCモータを運転するための規定回転数を演算する規定回転数演算手段を設けることによって、通電制御手段のゲート信号の変化時間から運転回転数を検出し、それを求められた規定回転数と比較しながら、スイッチング電源によりDCモータへの印加電圧を変化させ、DCファンモータの風量を制御しているので、ROM容量の少ないマイクロコンピュータを用いても、雰囲気温度の影響を受けることなく、常に居室の種類および収容人員または室面積によって定まる必要換気量での一定運転が可能で、ダクト配管設計など換気系統の設計・施工が非常に容易な風量一定制御DCファンモータを提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施例における風量一定制御DCファンモータの構成図
【図2】同指示風量と印加電圧と回転数の関係を示す表を示す図
【図3】同要部回路図
【図4】同第2実施例の風量一定制御DCファンモータの構成図
【図5】同指示風量と印加電圧と回転数の関係を示す表を示す図
【図6】同要部回路図
【図7】同第3実施例の風量一定制御DCファンモータの構成図
【図8】同指示風量における印加電圧と回転数の関係を示すグラフ
【図9】同要部回路図
【図10】同第4実施例の風量一定制御DCファンモータの構成図
【図11】同要部回路図
【図12】従来の風量一定制御DCファンモータの構成図
【図13】同運転特性を示す静圧−風量グラフ
【図14】同指示風量と印加電圧と回転数の関係を示す表を示す図
【図15】同印加電圧と回転数の関係を示すグラフ
【図16】同運転風量と静圧と回転数の関係を示すグラフ
【図17】同要部回路図
【符号の説明】
1 DCファンモータ
2 DCモータ
3 通電制御手段
4 回転数検出手段
5 電圧制御手段
6 回転数記憶手段
7 風量指示手段
8 吐出口
9 ダクト
10 壁
11 マイクロコンピュータ
12 スイッチング電源
13 雰囲気温度検出手段
14 回転数記憶手段
15 回転数演算手段
16 電圧制御手段
17 マイクロコンピュータ
18 回転数算出手段
19 算出式記憶手段
20 マイクロコンピュータ
21 風量設定手段
22 規定回転数演算手段
23 巻線温度検知手段
24 熱電対
25 抵抗値推定手段
26 マイクロコンピュータ[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a constant-flow-rate control DC fan motor used for a range hood, a ceiling-mounted ventilation fan, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a fan motor with good controllability that can ventilate at an optimum air volume according to a cooking state or a living room situation has been demanded for a range hood, a ceiling-mounted type ventilation fan, and the like.
[0003]
Conventionally, this type of fan motor has had problems such as a change in air volume due to external factors such as the state of a duct, and a need for a dedicated sensor for air volume detection. The following method is proposed.
[0004]
As shown in the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a DC fan motor on which a DC motor 2 is mounted, and its discharge port 8 is connected to a duct 9. The duct 9 is a duct that guides indoor air contaminated by tobacco smoke sucked by the DC fan motor 1 and waste gas generated by cooking through the wall 10 of the building to the outside. The rotation of the DC motor 2 is controlled by an energization control means 3 composed of a switching element for controlling energization to the stator winding according to the rotor position. The number of rotations of the DC motor 2 is detected based on the change time of the gate signal. Reference numeral 7 denotes an air flow amount instructing unit for instructing the operation air flow amount of the DC fan motor 1 such as strong, medium, and weak. The number of revolutions storage means 51 stores the number. Reference numeral 52 denotes a voltage control unit which, based on the air volume indicated by the air volume instructing unit 7 and the current applied voltage to the DC motor 2, stores the number of revolutions for operating the DC fan motor 1 at the instructed air volume from the revolution number storage unit 51. After the selection, the selected rotation speed is compared with the current operation rotation speed detected by the rotation speed detection means 4, and the voltage applied to the DC motor 2 is controlled so that the operation rotation speed becomes the same as the selected rotation speed. The rotation speed detecting means 4, the voltage control means 52, and the rotation speed storage means 51 include a microcomputer 53, a switching power supply 12, and peripheral circuits.
[0005]
In the above configuration, the DC fan motor 1 is operated in advance, and the voltage of the DC motor 2 is continuously changed as shown in FIG. 1 , V 2 , V 3 ,... The strong, medium, and weak operating airflow Q of the DC fan motor 1 h , Q m , Q l Speed N at h1 , N h2 , N h3 , ... and N m1 , N m2 , N m3 , ... and N l1 , N l2 , N l3 ,..., And as shown in the table of FIG. 10, at each operation airflow, the rotation speed for each voltage is used as the rotation speed required to operate at the airflow rate instructed by the airflow rate instruction means 7. 51. Then, the DC fan motor 1 is actually installed and a predetermined voltage, V in FIG. a Is applied to the DC motor 2 by the voltage control means 52 via the power supply control means 3 to start the operation. Then, the power supply control means 3 switches the power supply to the windings according to the rotor position of the DC motor 2, and the DC motor 2 rotates at a rotation speed according to the duct loss in the air path, L in the figure. At this time, the rotation speed detection means 4 determines the rotation speed N based on the switching speed of the current supply to the winding of the current supply control means 3 a Is detected. Next, the operating air volume, Q in FIG. m Is instructed, the voltage control means 52 calculates the current applied voltage V based on the rotation speed stored in the rotation speed storage means 51. a Instructed air volume Q m Rotation speed N required for operation with ma Search for N a And N ma Compare. As a result of the comparison, as shown in FIGS. a <N ma In the case of, because it is a centrifugal blower, as can be seen from the figure, the indicated airflow Q m Since the operation is performed with a larger air volume, it is necessary to reduce the applied voltage. a And lower the applied voltage to V b And In this state, the rotation speed detecting means 4 again outputs the changed applied voltage V b At N, N in the figure b Is detected, and the voltage control means 52 calculates the value of V from the rotation speed stored in the rotation speed storage means 51. b Indicated airflow Q at m Rotation speed N required for operation with mb Search for N b And N mb Compare. As a result of the comparison, as shown in FIG. b > N mb In the case of, the applied voltage V a Instructed airflow Q, contrary to the case of operation with m Since the operation is performed with a smaller air volume, it is necessary to increase the applied voltage. b And lower the applied voltage to V c At the same time, the rotation speed detecting means 4 again outputs the changed applied voltage V c At N, N in the figure c Is detected by the voltage control means 52 from the rotation speed stored in the rotation speed storage means 51. c Indicated airflow Q at m Rotation speed N required for operation with mc Search for N c And N mc Compare. As a result of the comparison, as shown in FIG. c <N mc In the case of V a As in the case of, the indicated airflow Q m Since the operation is performed with a larger air volume, it is necessary to reduce the applied voltage. c And lower the applied voltage to V L And At this time, as shown in FIG. L Speed N at L Is the applied voltage V L Indicated air flow Q m Rotation speed N required for operation with mL Is equal to, the DC fan motor 1 sends the instructed air volume Q m , The voltage control means 52 applies the applied voltage V L And the air volume Q m Is to ensure. The adjustment voltage for each applied voltage is Δv a > Δv b > Δv c Is used to gradually approach the indicated airflow. If the pressure loss L of the air path changes for some reason and the air volume changes, the operating speed is always compared with the stored speed, and the voltage is controlled by the same operation as described above. (For example, Patent Documents 1 to 3)
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-146189
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-5-223091
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-5-236779
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional airflow constant control DC fan motor, when the ambient temperature at which the DC fan motor is installed becomes higher than the temperature at the time when the rotation speed stored in the rotation speed storage means is measured, the exhaust airflow becomes the target airflow. However, in the opposite case, there is a problem that the exhaust air volume is smaller than the target air volume. In addition, since the required ventilation volume differs depending on the type of the room and the number of persons accommodated or the area of the room, it is not possible to standardize the rotation speed storage means, and the ROM capacity of the microcomputer constituting the rotation speed storage means becomes enormous, resulting in high cost. was there.
[0008]
The present invention solves the above-described problem. Even if the ambient temperature at which the DC fan motor is installed changes, the air conditioner can be operated at a constant air volume, and even if the microcomputer has a small ROM capacity, the ambient temperature at which the DC fan motor is installed changes. It is another object of the present invention to provide a DC fan motor having a constant air flow that can be operated at a constant air flow.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, a constant air flow control DC fan motor according to the present invention includes a centrifugal DC fan motor equipped with a DC motor, energization control means for controlling energization of the DC motor, and an energization control unit. Rotation speed detection means for detecting the operation rotation speed of the DC motor from the operation of the means, atmosphere temperature detection means for detecting the atmosphere temperature in which the DC fan motor is installed, and air flow for instructing the operation air flow of the DC fan motor Instruction means; and calculation formula storage means for storing an approximate expression indicating a relationship between an applied voltage and a rotation speed for each ambient temperature necessary for constant operation at each air flow indicated by the air flow instruction means. The number of operating revolutions detected by the number detecting means, the air volume indicated by the air volume instructing means, and the ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature detecting means. From the current applied voltage to the DC motor and the approximation formula stored in the calculation formula storage means, a constant air flow rate provided with voltage control means for controlling the applied voltage to the DC motor so as to satisfy the approximation formula. This is a configuration of a control DC fan motor.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotational speed detecting means for detecting an operating rotational speed of a DC motor, an atmospheric temperature detecting means for detecting an atmospheric temperature in which the DC fan motor is installed, and an operating air volume of the DC fan motor. And a calculation formula storage means for storing an approximate expression indicating a relationship between the applied voltage and the number of rotations for each atmosphere temperature required for constant operation at each air flow indicated by the air flow rate indication means. The operating speed detected by the rotation speed detecting means, the air flow rate specified by the air flow rate specifying means, the atmosphere temperature detected by the atmosphere temperature detecting means, the current applied voltage to the DC motor, and the calculation formula From the approximation formula stored in the storage means, a constant airflow control DC provided with voltage control means for controlling a voltage applied to the DC motor so as to satisfy the approximation formula. With the configuration of the fan motor, the required number of rotations is determined by the rotation speed calculating means from the ambient temperature, the indicated airflow, and the current applied voltage by approximation, and the application to the DC motor is performed so that the operating rotation speed becomes the rotation speed determined by the approximation. Since the voltage is controlled, it is possible to operate the fan motor at the instructed constant airflow even if the ambient temperature changes.
[0011]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0012]
【Example】
(Example 1)
This will be described with reference to FIGS. The same parts as those in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. As shown in the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes an ambient temperature detecting means for detecting the ambient temperature at which the DC fan motor 1 is installed. Reference numeral 6 denotes operating the DC fan motor 1 at the air volume indicated by the air volume instructing means 7 for each ambient temperature. For this purpose, the DC fan motor 1 is operated in advance by the rotation number storage means for storing the required rotation number for each applied voltage, and the voltage of the DC motor 2 is continuously changed. 1 , V 2 , V 3 ,... The strong, medium, and weak operating airflow Q of the DC fan motor 1 h , Q m , Q l Speed N at h1 , N h2 , N h3 , ... and N m1 , N m2 , N m3 , ... and N l1 , N l2 , N l3 ,... Are measured, and at each operating air flow rate, the number of rotations for each voltage is stored as the number of rotations required to operate at the air volume instructed by the air volume instructing means 7, and this operation is repeated while changing the ambient temperature. Thus, a table is stored in the ROM of the microcomputer 11. Reference numeral 5 denotes a voltage control unit which determines the DC fan motor 1 based on the atmospheric temperature detected by the ambient temperature detecting unit 13, the air volume indicated by the air volume instructing unit 7, and the current applied voltage to the DC motor 2. Is selected from the rotation number storage means 6 and the selected rotation number is compared with the current operation rotation number detected by the rotation number detection means 4 to determine the operating rotation number. The voltage applied to the DC motor 2 is controlled so as to be the same as that described above, and the other configuration is the same as that of the conventional example.
[0013]
In the above configuration, when the power supply of the DC fan motor 1 is turned on, the operation is started according to the procedure of the program stored in the ROM of the microcomputer 11. First, an initial voltage is output, an initial gate signal is output, and the DC motor 2 is rotated. Next, the rotor position of the DC motor 2 is detected, and a gate signal corresponding to the detected position is output. After measuring the change time of the gate signal, the operation speed is calculated from the change time and held. Then, while taking in the air volume instruction signal and confirming the instructed air volume, it also takes in the ambient temperature signal from the ambient temperature detecting means 13 and reads it from the memory table of the rotational speed storing means 6 stored in advance in the ROM of the microcomputer 11. Then, a memory rotation speed that matches the ambient temperature, the operation air volume, and the applied voltage is searched, and compared with the operation rotation speed held previously. As a result of the comparison, if the number of rotations is the same, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is maintained and the process returns to the measurement of the change time of the gate signal. Thereafter, the operation is continued by repeating this operation. Next, as a result of the comparison, when the operation rotation speed is larger than the memory rotation speed, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is increased because the airflow needs to be increased. As a result of the comparison, when the operation rotation speed is smaller than the memory rotation speed, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is reduced since the air flow needs to be reduced, and thereafter the same steps are repeated until the rotation speeds become equal.
[0014]
As described above, according to the air flow constant control DC fan motor of the first embodiment of the present invention, the required rotation for each applied voltage is required to operate the DC fan motor 1 with the air flow instructed in advance for each ambient temperature. The number of rotations is stored in the number-of-rotations storage means 6, the ambient temperature detecting means 13 detects the ambient temperature at which the DC fan motor 1 is installed, and detects the operating number of rotations from the change time of the gate signal of the energization control means 3. Since the voltage applied to the DC motor 2 is changed by the switching power supply 12 while controlling the air volume of the DC fan motor 1 while comparing the As a result, it is possible to obtain an effect that constant operation can always be performed at the indicated air flow rate without being affected by the ambient temperature.
[0015]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same parts as those in the configuration of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. As shown in FIG. L And T H (T L <T H ) Is a rotation number storage means for storing a rotation number required for each applied voltage to operate the DC fan motor 1 at the air flow rate indicated by the air flow rate specification means 7, and 15 is detected by the ambient temperature detection means 13. Temperature T and applied voltage V to DC motor 2 n And the rotation speed N stored in the rotation speed storage means 14. TLVn And N THVn Is a rotation speed calculating means for obtaining a required rotation speed from the following equation.
[0016]
(Equation 1)
Figure 0003569702
[0017]
Reference numeral 16 denotes a voltage for controlling the voltage applied to the DC motor 2 so as to compare the rotation speed obtained by the rotation speed calculation means 15 with the operation rotation speed detected by the rotation speed detection means 4 so as to be the same rotation speed. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0018]
In the above configuration, when the power supply of the DC fan motor 1 is turned on, the operation is started according to the procedure of the program stored in the ROM of the microcomputer 17. First, an initial voltage is output, an initial gate signal is output, and the DC motor 2 is rotated. Next, the rotor position of the DC motor 2 is detected, and a gate signal corresponding to the detected position is output. After measuring the change time of the gate signal, the operation speed is calculated from the change time and held. Then, the airflow amount instruction signal is taken in and the airflow amount h From the memory table of the rotation speed storage means 14 stored in the ROM of the microcomputer 17 in advance, the memory rotation speed N corresponding to the indicated airflow and the applied voltage. hTLVn And N hTHVn Is retrieved, the ambient temperature signal is fetched from the ambient temperature detecting means 13 and the ambient temperature T is confirmed. Based on (Equation 1), the rotational speed calculating means 15 hTVn Is obtained and compared with the previously held operation speed. As a result of the comparison, if the number of rotations is the same, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is maintained and the process returns to the measurement of the change time of the gate signal. Also, as a result of the comparison, if the operating rotation speed is higher than the rotation speed obtained by the calculation, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is increased because the airflow needs to be increased. Also, as a result of the comparison, if the operating rotation speed is smaller than the rotation speed obtained by the calculation, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is reduced since the air flow needs to be reduced, and thereafter the same steps are repeated until the rotation speeds become equal. Things.
[0019]
As described above, according to the constant-flow-rate control DC fan motor of the second embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to operate the DC fan motor 1 with the designated flow rate at two different ambient temperatures in advance for each applied voltage. The number of revolutions is stored in the number-of-rotations storage means 14, the ambient temperature detecting means 13 detects the ambient temperature at which the DC fan motor 1 is installed, and the rotational frequency calculating means 15 detects the detected ambient temperature T, Voltage V applied to DC motor 2 n And the rotation speed N stored in the rotation speed storage means 14. TLVn And N THVn From the change time of the gate signal of the energization control means 3 to detect the operating rotational speed, and compare it with the rotational speed obtained by the calculation, and switch the DC power to the DC motor 2 by the switching power supply 12. Of the DC fan motor 1 is controlled by changing the applied voltage of the DC fan motor 1, so that an effect that constant operation can be always performed at the designated air flow rate without being affected by the ambient temperature can be obtained.
[0020]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. As shown in the figure, 19 is the ambient temperature T L , The DC fan motor 1 is operated, and the voltage of the DC motor 2 is continuously changed. 1 , V 2 , V 3 ,... The strong, medium, and weak operating airflow Q of the DC fan motor 1 h , Q m , Q l Speed N at h1 , N h2 , N h3 , ... and N m1 , N m2 , N m3 , ... and N l1 , N l2 , N l3 ,... Are measured in advance to obtain an approximate expression showing the relationship between the applied voltage and the number of rotations at each operating airflow. H This operation is performed by changing the equation, and a calculation formula storage means 18 for storing the obtained approximate formula at each ambient temperature. Reference numeral 18 denotes a required rotation by approximation from the indicated airflow, the applied voltage, and the ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature detecting means 13. The number of rotations calculating means for calculating the number n , The ambient temperature T L From the approximation formula at TLVn And then the ambient temperature T H From the approximation formula at THVn Is calculated, and the other configuration is the same as the configuration of the second embodiment.
[0021]
In the above configuration, when the power supply of the DC fan motor 1 is turned on, the operation is started according to the procedure of the program stored in the ROM of the microcomputer 20. First, an initial voltage is output, an initial gate signal is output, and the DC motor 2 is rotated. Next, the rotor position of the DC motor 2 is detected, and a gate signal corresponding to the detected position is output. After measuring the change time of the gate signal, the operation speed is calculated from the change time and held. Then, the airflow amount instruction signal is taken in and the airflow amount h Is checked, and an approximate expression that matches the indicated airflow is selected from the approximate expressions stored in the calculation expression storage means 19 in the ROM of the microcomputer 20 in advance, and the rotational speed N that matches the applied voltage is selected. hTLVn And N hTHVn Is calculated, the ambient temperature signal is fetched from the ambient temperature detecting means 13 and the ambient temperature T is confirmed. Based on (Equation 1), the rotational speed calculating means 18 hTVn Is obtained and compared with the previously held operation speed. As a result of the comparison, if the number of rotations is the same, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is maintained and the process returns to the measurement of the change time of the gate signal. Next, as a result of the comparison, when the operation rotation speed is larger than the calculated rotation speed, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is increased because the airflow needs to be increased. If the result of the comparison indicates that the operating rotation speed is smaller than the calculated rotation speed, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 must be reduced because the air flow needs to be reduced, and thereafter the same steps are repeated until the rotation speeds become equal. It is.
[0022]
As described above, according to the air flow constant control DC fan motor of the third embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to operate the DC fan motor 1 with the indicated air flow at two kinds of ambient temperatures in advance for each applied voltage. The ambient temperature detecting means 13 detects the ambient temperature at which the DC fan motor 1 is installed, the rotational temperature calculating means 18 detects the detected atmospheric temperature T, and the indicated airflow. And applied voltage V to DC motor 2 n From the change time of the gate signal of the energization control means 3 to detect the operating speed and compare it with the calculated speed to apply to the DC motor 2 by the switching power supply 12. Since the voltage is changed to control the air volume of the DC fan motor 1, even if the microcomputer 20 having a small ROM capacity is used, constant operation at the indicated air volume can always be performed without being affected by the ambient temperature. The effect will be obtained.
[0023]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. As shown in the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes an air flow rate setting means by which a designer or a contractor can arbitrarily set and input a required ventilation amount determined by the type of the room and the number of persons accommodated or the floor area of the room, and 23 is resin-molded. Winding temperature detecting means for estimating the temperature of the winding of the DC motor 2 from a signal of the thermocouple 24 for measuring the temperature of the jacket of the DC motor 2. Reference numeral 25 denotes the DC motor 2 detected by the winding temperature detecting means 23. 22 is a resistance value estimating means for estimating the total resistance of the armature circuit from the temperature of the windings, and 22 is a regulation on the voltage applied to the DC motor 2 for operating the DC fan motor 1 with the air volume set by the air volume setting device 21. The specified rotation speed calculating means for calculating the rotation speed obtains the specified rotation speed by the following method.
[0024]
First, the output P (W) and the torque T (N · m) of the DC motor 2 are expressed by the following equations.
[0025]
(Equation 2)
Figure 0003569702
[0026]
(Equation 3)
Figure 0003569702
[0027]
Here, N is the rotation speed (r / min) of the DC motor, I is the current (A), K t Denotes a torque constant, and the following equation is obtained from (Equation 2) and (Equation 3).
[0028]
(Equation 4)
Figure 0003569702
[0029]
Further, the following relation is known for the similarity rule in general fluids.
[0030]
(Equation 5)
Figure 0003569702
[0031]
(Equation 6)
Figure 0003569702
[0032]
(Equation 7)
Figure 0003569702
[0033]
Here, L is the shaft power (W) of the fan, and Q is the air volume (m). 3 / Min), P s Is static pressure (mmAq), N F Is the rotational speed of the fan (r / min), D is the diameter of the impeller (mm), K L Is the shaft power coefficient, K Q Is the air volume coefficient, K P Indicates a static pressure coefficient. (Equation 5) can be replaced with the following equation from (Equation 6) and (Equation 7).
[0034]
(Equation 8)
Figure 0003569702
[0035]
Since the fan and the motor are directly connected, the shaft power L of the fan and the rotational speed N F Is equal to the motor output P and the number of revolutions N, the following equation is obtained from (Equation 4) and (Equation 8).
[0036]
(Equation 9)
Figure 0003569702
[0037]
Further, the applied voltage to the motor is V (V), the total resistance of the armature circuit is R (Ω), and the induced voltage constant is K e Then, the circuit equation and the induced voltage E (V) that are established for the armature circuit are represented by the following equations.
[0038]
(Equation 10)
Figure 0003569702
[0039]
(Equation 11)
Figure 0003569702
[0040]
Here, the total resistance R of the armature circuit changes depending on the temperature of the winding. Therefore, the total resistance R of the armature circuit in actual use is calculated based on the following equation.
[0041]
(Equation 12)
Figure 0003569702
[0042]
Where R 0 Is the winding temperature T 0 The initial resistance value of the armature circuit in [° C.], which is stored in the ROM of the microcomputer 26.
[0043]
Then, the following equation can be obtained from (Equation 9), (Equation 10), (Equation 11), and (Equation 12).
[0044]
(Equation 13)
Figure 0003569702
[0045]
Here, the static pressure coefficient K P , Impeller diameter D, torque constant K t And the induced voltage constant K e Is a constant determined when the specifications of the DC fan motor 1 are determined, the specified rotation speed can be calculated from the set airflow Q and the voltage V applied to the DC motor 2. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0046]
In the above configuration, after the design company or the contractor sets the required ventilation amount determined by the type of the room calculated by the designer at the time of installation and installation of the DC fan motor 1 and the number of persons or the floor area of the room in the air volume setting means, When the power of the fan motor 1 is turned on, the operation is started according to the procedure of the program stored in the ROM of the microcomputer 26. First, an initial voltage is output, an initial gate signal is output, and the DC motor 2 is rotated. Next, the rotor position of the DC motor 2 is detected, and a gate signal corresponding to the detected position is output. After measuring the change time of the gate signal, the operation speed is calculated from the change time and held. Then, the winding temperature detecting means 23 detects the temperature of the winding from the signal of the thermocouple 24, and the resistance value estimating means 25 estimates the total resistance of the armature circuit based on (Equation 12), and calculates the specified rotation speed. The means 22 captures the set airflow signal and calculates the specified rotation speed based on (Equation 13). Then, the operation speed is compared with the previously held operation speed. As a result of the comparison, if the number of rotations is the same, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is maintained and the process returns to the measurement of the change time of the gate signal. Next, as a result of the comparison, when the operation rotation speed is larger than the calculated specified rotation speed, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is increased because the airflow needs to be increased. In addition, as a result of the comparison, when the operation speed is smaller than the calculated specified speed, the output voltage of the switching power supply 12 is reduced since the air flow needs to be reduced, and thereafter the same steps are repeated until the speeds become equal. Things.
[0047]
As described above, according to the air flow constant control DC fan motor of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the required amount of ventilation determined by the type of the room and the number of persons accommodated or the room area can be arbitrarily set and input by the designer or the contractor. The air volume setting means 21, the winding temperature detecting means 23, the resistance value estimating means 25 for estimating the total resistance of the armature circuit of the DC motor 2 from the detected winding temperature, and the air volume setting means 21 By providing the specified rotation speed calculating means 22 for calculating the specified rotation speed for operating the DC motor 2 based on the air volume, the operating rotation speed was detected from the change time of the gate signal of the energization control device 3 and was obtained. Since the applied voltage to the DC motor 2 is changed by the switching power supply 12 while controlling the air flow of the DC fan motor 1 while comparing with the specified rotation speed, the ROM capacity is Even if the microcomputer 26 having a small number of air conditioners is used, it is possible to obtain an effect that constant operation can be always performed at a required ventilation rate determined by the type of the room and the number of persons accommodated or the room area without being affected by the ambient temperature. .
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description of the embodiment, according to the present invention, the number of rotations required for each applied voltage to operate the DC fan motor with the air volume specified in advance for each ambient temperature is set to the number of rotations. Atmosphere temperature detection means detects the atmosphere temperature at which the DC fan motor is installed, detects the operating speed from the change time of the gate signal of the power supply control means, and stores it in the atmosphere temperature of the speed storage means. The switching power supply changes the applied voltage to the DC motor while controlling the air flow of the DC fan motor while comparing the rotation speed corresponding to the applied voltage. It is possible to provide a high-performance constant-flow-rate control DC fan motor that can always perform a constant operation at the indicated airflow rate without being affected by the ambient temperature due to the usage state of the cooling / heating equipment.
[0049]
In addition, the number of rotations required for each applied voltage in order to operate the DC fan motor at the instructed air volume at the two kinds of atmosphere temperatures is stored in the rotation number storage means, and the atmosphere temperature detection means controls the DC fan motor. Atmosphere temperature T at which the motor is installed is detected, and the rotation speed calculation means detects the detected atmosphere temperature T, the indicated airflow, and the voltage V applied to the DC motor. n And the rotational speed N stored in the rotational speed storage means. TLVn And N THVn The required number of rotations is calculated by proportional calculation, the operating speed is detected from the change time of the gate signal of the energization control means, and the voltage is applied to the DC motor by the switching power supply while comparing it with the calculated number of rotations. And the air flow of the DC fan motor is controlled, so that even if a microcomputer with a small ROM capacity is used, a constant air flow control DC fan that can always operate at the indicated air flow without being affected by the ambient temperature. A motor can be provided.
[0050]
In addition, an approximate expression for calculating the number of rotations required for each applied voltage in order to operate the DC fan motor at the instructed air volume at two kinds of atmosphere temperatures is stored in advance, and the atmosphere temperature detecting means is used for the DC fan motor. The ambient temperature at which the motor is installed is detected, and the rotational speed calculating means detects the detected ambient temperature T, the indicated airflow, and the voltage V applied to the DC motor. n Calculates the required rotation speed by proportional calculation, detects the operating rotation speed from the change time of the gate signal of the energization control means, and changes the voltage applied to the DC motor by the switching power supply while comparing it with the calculated rotation speed. In addition, since the air flow of the DC fan motor is controlled, even if a microcomputer with a very small ROM capacity is used, constant operation can always be performed at the indicated air flow without being affected by the ambient temperature. A control DC fan motor can be provided.
[0051]
In addition, a wind volume setting means, which allows a designer or a contractor to arbitrarily set and input a required ventilation amount determined by the type of the room and the number of persons or room area, a winding temperature detecting means, and a detected winding temperature. By providing a resistance value estimating means for estimating the total resistance of the armature circuit of the DC motor and a specified rotation number calculating means for calculating a specified rotation number for operating the DC motor with the air volume set by the air volume setting unit, The operating speed is detected from the change time of the gate signal of the energization control means, and the applied speed to the DC motor is changed by the switching power supply while controlling the air flow of the DC fan motor while comparing the detected speed with the obtained specified speed. Therefore, even if a microcomputer with a small ROM capacity is used, the room type and Possible constant operation at the required ventilation determined by personnel or chamber area, design and construction of the ventilation system, such as ductwork design can provide a very easy air volume level control DC fan motor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a DC fan motor with constant air volume control according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a table showing a relationship among the indicated airflow, applied voltage, and rotation speed.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the main part.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a DC fan motor with constant air volume control according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a table showing a relationship among the indicated airflow, applied voltage, and rotation speed.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the main part.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a DC fan motor with constant air volume control according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a relationship between an applied voltage and a rotation speed at the indicated airflow.
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the main part.
FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a DC fan motor with constant air volume control according to the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of the main part.
FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a conventional airflow control DC fan motor.
FIG. 13 is a static pressure-air flow graph showing the operation characteristics.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a table showing a relationship among the indicated airflow, applied voltage, and rotation speed.
FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the applied voltage and the number of rotations.
FIG. 16 is a graph showing the relationship between the operating air flow, static pressure, and rotation speed.
FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of the main part.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 DC fan motor
2 DC motor
3 Electricity control means
4 Revolution detection means
5 Voltage control means
6 Revolution storage means
7 Air volume indicating means
8 Discharge port
9 Duct
10 walls
11 Microcomputer
12. Switching power supply
13 Atmospheric temperature detection means
14 Rotation speed storage means
15 Rotation speed calculation means
16 Voltage control means
17 Microcomputer
18 Rotational speed calculation means
19 Calculation formula storage means
20 Microcomputer
21 Air volume setting means
22 Specified rotation speed calculation means
23 Winding temperature detecting means
24 thermocouple
25 Resistance value estimation means
26 Microcomputer

Claims (1)

DCモータを搭載した遠心型のDCファンモータと、前記DCモータに対する通電を制御する通電制御手段と、この通電制御手段の動作より前記DCモータの運転回転数を検出する回転数検出手段と、前記DCファンモータの設置される雰囲気温度を検出する雰囲気温度検出手段と、前記DCファンモータの運転風量を指示する風量指示手段と、この風量指示手段によって指示された各風量で一定運転するために必要な雰囲気温度毎の印加電圧−回転数の関係を示す近似式を記憶する算出式記憶手段とを設け、前記回転数検出手段によって検出された運転回転数と前記風量指示手段によって指示された風量と前記雰囲気温度検出手段によって検出された雰囲気温度と前記DCモータへの現在の印加電圧と前記算出式記憶手段に記憶された近似式から、この近似式を満たすよう前記DCモータへの印加電圧を制御する電圧制御手段を配してなる風量一定制御DCファンモータ。A centrifugal DC fan motor equipped with a DC motor, energization control means for controlling energization of the DC motor, rotation speed detection means for detecting an operation rotation speed of the DC motor from an operation of the energization control means, Atmospheric temperature detecting means for detecting the ambient temperature at which the DC fan motor is installed, air flow rate instructing means for instructing the operating air flow rate of the DC fan motor, and necessary for performing a constant operation at each air flow instructed by the air flow rate instructing means. Calculation voltage storage means for storing an approximate expression indicating a relationship between the applied voltage and the number of rotations for each ambient temperature, and the operating rotation number detected by the rotation number detection means and the air volume indicated by the air volume instruction means. The ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature detection means, the current applied voltage to the DC motor, and the approximation stored in the calculation expression storage means From air volume constant control DC fan motor formed by arranging a voltage control means for controlling a voltage applied to the DC motor so as to satisfy the approximate expression.
JP2002306920A 2002-10-22 2002-10-22 DC fan motor with constant air volume control Expired - Fee Related JP3569702B2 (en)

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JP4797642B2 (en) * 2006-01-20 2011-10-19 パナソニック株式会社 Ventilation fan air volume control device
CN104521134B (en) * 2012-08-09 2017-05-31 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Motor control device, motor control method, and air supply device
CN104521136B (en) * 2012-08-09 2017-03-29 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Control device of electric motor, method of motor control and air-supply arrangement
US9625172B2 (en) 2012-09-13 2017-04-18 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Motor control device and motor control method
JP7020036B2 (en) * 2017-09-29 2022-02-16 株式会社大林組 Ventilation design equipment, ventilation design methods, programs and storage media for carrying out the methods.

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