JP3574630B2 - Image processing apparatus and method, and program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and method for creating three-dimensional image information used for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map, and a program.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, in the field of games such as city planning simulations and flight simulators, three-dimensional landscape maps that three-dimensionally represent the ground surface and buildings on the ground surface have been widely used.
[0003]
When such a three-dimensional landscape map is used for city planning simulation, it is possible to intuitively grasp the interrelationship between the terrain and the building, which is difficult to grasp from the two-dimensional image, and to improve the efficiency of the designer's design work. And simulation contents can be effectively presented to a client or the like. In addition, when the three-dimensional landscape map is applied to a game field such as a flight simulator, a more realistic and sophisticated expression can be realized.
[0004]
As described above, there are many advantages in using the three-dimensional landscape map, but much effort is required to create the map. For example, as a procedure for creating a three-dimensional landscape map of an area, first, two-dimensional image information is acquired by scanning a blank map or the like of the area. A part indicating a building is selected from the acquired two-dimensional image information, and a predetermined three-dimensional process such as a wire frame, a polygon, and a rendering is performed by a predetermined three-dimensional program. At this time, the height information of each building is manually input. In addition, if the acquired two-dimensional image is defective, the three-dimensionalization is not performed correctly, so that the correction by manual input is necessary as needed.
[0005]
As described above, the conventional method of creating a three-dimensional landscape map is very complicated because many operations such as manual information input and correction are involved. In order to reduce the complexity of such work, a method of using altitude data (DSM: Digital Surface Model) created based on an image captured by a ground observation satellite is conceivable.
[0006]
In such a method, a plurality of imaging devices (cameras, infrared sensors, and the like) of the surface observation satellite acquire a stereo image of the same area. Then, the altitude of the target object can be obtained based on the parallax (position shift) caused by the imaging by the plurality of imaging devices.
[0007]
Using DSM eliminates the need to manually input elevation data, thus reducing the complexity of creation, but leaves accuracy problems. That is, normally, when a satellite image with a resolution of 1 m is used, the mesh interval of the altitude data that can be constantly generated is as coarse as 10 m (10 m mesh). It is difficult to generate a three-dimensional image accurately representing the image, and the use of elevation data is not practical.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and has as its object to provide an image processing apparatus and method, and a program for easily creating a highly accurate three-dimensional cityscape map.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, an image processing apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention includes:
An image processing device for creating three-dimensional image information used for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map,
Surface elevation information acquisition means for acquiring surface elevation information indicating the elevation of the ground surface of the predetermined area based on the digital map,
Building information acquisition means for acquiring building information indicating a shape of a building on the surface of the predetermined area based on the map information ,
Elevation data acquisition means for acquiring elevation data including the height of a building on the surface of the predetermined area based on a satellite image ,
Building elevation information generating means for combining the building information obtained by the building information obtaining means with the altitude data obtained by the altitude data obtaining means to generate building altitude information indicating the altitude of the building in a predetermined area; When,
Combining the surface elevation information acquired by the surface elevation information acquisition means and the building elevation information generated by the building elevation information generation means, and generating the elevation information of the predetermined area,
It is characterized by having.
[0010]
The image processing device is
The surface elevation information of the elevation data, further comprising, it was desirable rather resolution interpolation means for approximating the resolution by interpolating one is lower resolution, in this case,
Preferably, the synthesizing unit generates the altitude information of the predetermined area by synthesizing the ground surface altitude information and the building altitude information whose resolutions have been interpolated by the resolution interpolating unit.
[0011]
According to the above-described configuration, the altitude information of the ground surface indicated in the digital map information corresponding to the predetermined area and the altitude data including the height of a building or a tree created based on the satellite image, for example. DSM (Digital Surface Model) and information of a city planning map showing the shape of a building are acquired and combined, so that elevation information for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map can be easily created. it can.
[0012]
Also, for example, DSM information based on a satellite image has a resolution of 10 m mesh, whereas digital map information generally has a resolution of 50 m mesh. Therefore, by performing interpolation on the numerical map information to approximate the resolution, highly accurate elevation information can be created.
[0013]
In order to achieve the above object, an image processing method according to a second aspect of the present invention includes:
An image processing method for creating three-dimensional image information used for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map,
Based on the satellite image, elevation data acquisition step of acquiring elevation data including the height of the building on the surface of the predetermined area ,
Based on map information, building information obtaining step of obtaining building information indicating the shape of the building on the surface of the predetermined area ,
Building elevation information for synthesizing the elevation data acquired in the elevation data acquiring step and the building information acquired in the building information acquiring step to generate building elevation information indicating the elevation of the building in a predetermined area. Generating step;
And surface elevation information acquisition step of acquiring surface elevation information indicating the elevation of the ground surface of the predetermined area based on the digital map,
A combining step of combining the surface elevation information acquired in the ground elevation information acquisition step and the building elevation information generated in the building elevation information generation step to generate elevation information of the predetermined area,
It is characterized by having.
[0014]
In order to achieve the above object, a program according to a third aspect of the present invention includes:
On the computer,
Based on the satellite image, elevation data acquisition step of acquiring elevation data including the height of the building on the surface of the predetermined area ,
Based on map information, building information obtaining step of obtaining building information indicating the shape of the building on the surface of the predetermined area ,
Building elevation information that combines the building information acquired in the building information acquisition step and the elevation data acquired in the elevation data acquisition step to generate building elevation information indicating the elevation of the building in the predetermined area Generating step;
And surface elevation information acquisition step of acquiring surface elevation information indicating the elevation of the ground surface of the predetermined area based on the digital map,
A synthesizing step of the surface elevation and information combining surface elevation information acquired by the acquisition step and the said building elevation information building elevation information generated by the generating step generates the elevation information of the predetermined area,
Is executed, thereby functioning as an image processing device for creating three-dimensional image information used for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an image processing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the image processing apparatus 100 includes a control unit 10, a numerical map information storage unit 20, a building information storage unit 30, a DSM information storage unit 40, and a city elevation information storage unit 50.
[0018]
The control unit 10 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and controls each unit of the image processing apparatus 100 by executing a predetermined operation program stored in a memory (not shown). Then, by executing processing described later, desired city elevation information is generated.
[0019]
The numerical map information storage unit 20 is composed of a recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) or a hard disk, and stores numerical map information obtained by digitizing map information.
[0020]
The building information storage unit 30 is configured by a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a hard disk, and stores map data such as a city planning map.
[0021]
The DSM information storage unit 40 is configured from a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a hard disk, and stores information indicating a DSM (Digital Surface Model) created based on satellite images. Here, the DSM is altitude data including the height of a building, a tree, or the like, which is created based on parallax of a stereo image obtained by a plurality of imaging devices of an artificial satellite.
[0022]
The city altitude information storage unit 50 includes, for example, a removable / writable recording medium such as a CD-R (Compact Disc Recordable) or a flexible disk, and records the city altitude information created by the control unit 10.
[0023]
Next, the operation of the image processing apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
[0024]
First, the control unit 10 acquires DSM information of a desired area from the DSM information storage unit 40 (Step S101). Here, the DMS information is so-called 10-m mesh elevation data with a 1-m resolution.
[0025]
Next, the control unit 10 acquires, from the building information storage unit 30, city planning map information as shown in FIG. 3 for an area corresponding to the area indicated by the DSM information acquired in step S101 (step S102). Here, the acquired city planning map information indicates the shape of the building in the area as illustrated.
[0026]
The control unit 10 combines the DSM information acquired in step S101 with the city planning map information acquired in step S102, and generates building elevation information indicating the elevation of the building indicated in the city planning map information (step S101). S103). That is, since the DSM information is altitude data including the height of a building or a tree, the DSM information and the city planning map information are superimposed to obtain the altitude information of the building indicated in the city planning diagram information. be able to.
[0027]
Next, the control unit 10 acquires, from the numerical map information storage unit 20, the DSM information acquired in step S101 and the numerical map information of the area corresponding to the area indicated by the city planning map information acquired in step S102 (step S104). . This numerical map information uses commercially available data issued by, for example, the Geographical Survey Institute. The digital map information is information indicating the altitude of the ground surface.
[0028]
Here, since the numerical map information is usually 50 m mesh data, the resolution is lower than that of the 10 m mesh DSM information. Therefore, by performing interpolation processing on the acquired digital map information, pseudo digital map information having a resolution equal to or higher than the resolution of the DSM information is generated (step S105).
[0029]
As the interpolation process performed in step S105, for example, a nearest neighbor interpolation method, a bilinear interpolation method, a cubic convolution interpolation method, or the like can be employed.
[0030]
The control unit 10 further combines the building elevation information generated in step S103 and the pseudo numerical map information generated in step S105, and generates three-dimensional image information of the area (step S106). That is, city altitude information is generated in which information indicating the altitude of the ground surface of the target urban area and information indicating the altitude of the building thereon are synthesized with an approximate resolution.
[0031]
The control unit 10 records the three-dimensional image information generated in step S106 in the city elevation information storage unit 50 (step S107), and ends the processing. Since the city elevation information storage unit 50 is a removable recording medium such as a CD-R or a flexible disk, the city elevation information recorded in the city elevation information storage unit 50 is installed with, for example, a three-dimensional landscape map creation program. By applying the present invention to an information processing apparatus or the like, a three-dimensional cityscape map as shown in FIG. 4 can be created.
[0032]
In the above embodiment, the image processing apparatus 100 has the configuration including the digital map information storage unit 20, the building information storage unit 30, and the DSM information storage unit 40. However, the digital map information storage unit 20, the building information storage Each of the unit 30 and the DSM information storage unit 40 may not be provided in the same device. In this case, for example, each of the numerical map information storage unit 20, the building information storage unit 30, and the DSM information storage unit 40 is configured in a different device connected to the image processing device 100 via a communication network or the like, and the image processing device 100 may be configured to acquire necessary information via a communication network or the like.
[0033]
In the above embodiment, the image processing apparatus 100 generates city elevation information, and applies the generated city elevation information to a landscape map creation program recorded in another apparatus, whereby the three-dimensional city landscape map is generated. However, the image processing apparatus 100 may be configured to record a landscape map creation program or the like.
[0034]
Note that the image processing apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be realized using an ordinary computer system without using a dedicated system. For example, an information providing site for executing the above-described processing is configured by installing the program for executing any of the above-described programs from a medium (a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, or the like) storing the program in a general-purpose computer. be able to.
[0035]
The means for supplying the program to the computer is arbitrary. For example, the information may be supplied via a communication line, a communication network, a communication system, or the like. As an example, the program is posted on a bulletin board (BBS) of a communication network, and is superimposed on a carrier wave and distributed via the network. Then, by starting this program and executing it in the same manner as other application programs under the control of the OS, the above-described processing can be executed.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, elevation information for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map can be easily and accurately created.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an image processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the image processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of city planning map information stored in a building information storage unit illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a three-dimensional cityscape map created based on city elevation information created by the image processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 100 Image processing apparatus 10 Control unit 20 Numerical map information storage unit 30 Building information storage unit 40 DSM information storage unit 50 City elevation information storage unit

Claims (5)

An image processing device for creating three-dimensional image information used for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map,
Surface elevation information acquisition means for acquiring surface elevation information indicating the elevation of the ground surface of the predetermined area based on the digital map,
Building information acquisition means for acquiring building information indicating a shape of a building on the surface of the predetermined area based on the map information ,
Elevation data acquisition means for acquiring elevation data including the height of a building on the surface of the predetermined area based on a satellite image ,
A building elevation information generating unit that combines the building information acquired by the building information acquiring unit and the elevation data acquired by the elevation data acquiring unit to generate building elevation information indicating the elevation of the building in a predetermined area. When,
Combining the surface elevation information acquired by the surface elevation information acquisition means and the building elevation information generated by the building elevation information generation means, and generating the elevation information of the predetermined area,
An image processing apparatus comprising: Among the ground elevation information and the elevation data , further comprising a resolution interpolation means for approximating the resolution by interpolating one of the lower resolutions,
The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The synthesizing unit generates altitude information of the predetermined area by synthesizing the ground surface altitude information and the building altitude information whose resolution has been interpolated by the resolution interpolating unit,
The image processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: An image processing method for creating three-dimensional image information used for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map,
Based on the satellite image, elevation data acquisition step of acquiring elevation data including the height of the building on the surface of the predetermined area ,
Based on map information, building information obtaining step of obtaining building information indicating the shape of the building on the surface of the predetermined area ,
Building altitude information that combines the altitude data obtained in the altitude data obtaining step and the building information obtained in the building information obtaining step to generate building altitude information indicating the altitude of a building in a predetermined area. Generating step;
And surface elevation information acquisition step of acquiring surface elevation information indicating the elevation of the ground surface of the predetermined area based on the digital map,
A combining step of combining the surface elevation information acquired in the ground elevation information acquisition step and the building elevation information generated in the building elevation information generation step to generate elevation information of the predetermined area,
An image processing method comprising: On the computer,
Based on the satellite image, elevation data acquisition step of acquiring elevation data including the height of the building on the surface of the predetermined area ,
Based on map information, building information obtaining step of obtaining building information indicating the shape of the building on the surface of the predetermined area ,
Building elevation information that combines the building information acquired in the building information acquisition step and the elevation data acquired in the elevation data acquisition step to generate building elevation information indicating the elevation of the building in the predetermined area Generating step;
And surface elevation information acquisition step of acquiring surface elevation information indicating the elevation of the ground surface of the predetermined area based on the digital map,
A synthesizing step of the surface elevation and information combining surface elevation information acquired by the acquisition step and the said building elevation information building elevation information generated by the generating step generates the elevation information of the predetermined area,
And causing the computer to function as an image processing device for creating three-dimensional image information used for creating a three-dimensional cityscape map.

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