JP3579451B2 - Operating devices for industrial vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The invention relates to an operating device for an industrial vehicle, wherein a control lever, which is operatively connected to a control slider of a control valve and is hinged, is located above a container within the operating range of the driver. From a working operating position to a maintenance position allowing access to the container.
[0002]
[Prior art]
German Patent No. 2911996 describes a battery-operated shovel loader with a battery container and a cover hood, in which a driver's seat is arranged on the cover hood and the operating range of the driver. Inside the driver's seat, a control lever of a control valve for controlling the lifting mast is located. At that time control valve, in order to be able to draw for maintenance purposes without interference the battery from the battery container is secured so that it can pivot together with the control lever. This arrangement has the disadvantage that an elastic hose is required between the control valve and the control medium source for turning the control valve. This resilient hose cannot be located only in a narrow U-section in order to be able to pivot freely. The elastic hose is bent during turning. At that time, a fatigue phenomenon and a non-sealing property may occur with the passage of time, or the hose may be completely broken. Furthermore, switching the control valve from the operating position to the holding position requires a large force for the hose to be bent.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the invention to improve an operating device of the type mentioned at the outset to increase the safety of the function.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, the control valve is arranged on the side of the container in a position stationary, the control slide of the control lever control valve is coupled to the hinge-like by tilting lever which is supported on the shaft, the control lever and the rocker arm Is fixed to a plate, and the plate is pivotable about a hinge axis of the tilting lever and the control slider, so that the above problem can be solved. Thus, for example, in the case of an electric counterbalanced forklift, the control lever can be ergonomically correct and located on the vehicle battery close to the driver's seat, and at the same time the function of the operating device can be reliably turned over. Can be realized. The control valve then remains stationary and only the control lever is pivoted away from the operating position. This essentially eliminates the need for an elastic hose. Moreover, as long as such a hydraulic coupling member is used, it is not necessary to lay the coupling member in another U-shaped body, and the coupling member is not subjected to bending stress. The control valve is fixed, for example-in the direction of travel-to the front connecting wall of the container. Horizontal displacement between the control lever and the control valve is corrected by the tilt lever. The axis of the pivotable plate supports the tilting lever and the control lever and is aligned with the hinge axis between the control slider and the tilting lever of the control valve, so that when the plate is folded back to the maintenance position, the inconvenience of the control valve is reduced. No action is caused.
[0005]
In the case of a control valve in which the control slider moves linearly, the tilting lever arm connected to the control slider follows an arc-shaped trajectory when the control valve is operated. The problem of linear movement has arisen. Thus, in another embodiment of the invention, the control slider is connected to the tilting lever by means of a ball joint, the ball of the ball joint being fixed laterally to a clamping body, the clamping body being It is configured to cover the end of a control slider that projects upwardly perpendicular to the valve. The control slider thus moves linearly during the movement of the tilting lever, and at the same time moves to compensate for the different movements of the control slider, and the tilting lever pivots about its central axis. This allows a forced and almost play-free operation to take place.
[0006]
In general, in addition to the operating device for the lifting carriage, which can move upward and outward on the lifting mast, an operating device for the tilt hydraulic machine must be provided so that the lifting mast can be tilted by the counterbalance forklift. There is a need to be. It has therefore proved to be advantageous if two control valves are provided, which are operated alternately or simultaneously by a common control lever. In this case, each control slider is hingedly connected to a tilting lever, which is supported on a common shaft and operatively connected to the control lever at the end of the tilting lever arm remote from the control valve. During movement of the control lever in one plane, only one control valve is activated, during movement of the control lever in a second plane perpendicular to the first plane, only the other control valve is activated, and During movement of the control lever in the direction between the planes, both control valves are activated.
[0007]
The mounting of the common control lever on both tilting levers is advantageously carried out as follows. That is, the control lever is fixed to the connecting member, the connecting member has a first ball joint for coupling with the first tilting lever, and a second ball joint provided for coupling with the intermediate member includes : If the tilting lever as viewed in the coordinate system is pivotable in the Z direction are arranged in the X direction, are isolated from the first ball joint in the X direction and the center point, the center point of the first ball joint , Located on an axis connecting the center point of the ball joint between the control slider of the first control valve and the first tilting lever, and further having a third ball joint spaced apart from the second ball joint in the Y direction. And an intermediate member is supported on the plate by a fourth ball joint which is spaced in the Z direction from the second ball joint.
[0008]
Therefore, when the control lever is displaced in the X direction, only the first tilting lever and thus only the first control valve are operated. Between the movement of the tilting lever arm following one arc, away from the control valve, and the movement of the control lever following an arc located on the opposite side of one of the tilting lever arms. Compensation takes place on a foldable plate with an intermediate member by means of a floating bearing of the connecting member.
[0009]
When the control lever is displaced in the Y direction, only the second tilt lever and thus only the second control valve are operated. Here too, the intermediate member compensates for the arc-shaped movement of the tilting lever arm away from the control valve of the second tilting lever and for the control lever.
[0010]
When the control lever is deflected to a position between the X direction and the Y direction, both tilt levers and, consequently, both control valves are operated. In all cases, the intermediate member allows a retraction movement of the third ball joint, so that a force-free freedom can be achieved.
[0011]
Other advantages and details of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in schematic diagrams.
[0012]
【Example】
For example, control valves 2 and 3 are fixed to a front wall 1 of a container (not shown) of a battery box of a battery-operated counterbalance forklift, and a mast lift is provided via the valves 2 and 3. The cylinder and tilt cylinder can be controlled. Each of the control valves 2 and 3 has a control slider 4. A common control lever 5 is provided for operating both control sliders 4. In the drawing, the operating position of the control lever 5 is shown by a solid line.
[0013]
In this case, the control lever 5 is located within the ergonomically favorable operating range of the driver.
[0014]
The control lever 5 is fixed to a foldable plate 6 in the manner described below. For a play-free connection between the control slider 4 and the control lever 5, two tilt levers 7 and 8 mounted on a common shaft 9 serve, which are fixed to the plate 6. ing. A ball joint 10 connects the first tilting lever 7 to the control slider 4 of the first control valve 2. Similarly, a ball joint 11 connects the second tilting lever 8 to the control slider 4 of the second control valve 3. In this case, each ball joint 10 to 11 has a ball fixed laterally to a cap-shaped clamping body 12. Each of the clamps 12 grips the end of the control slider 4 projecting from the control valve 2 or 3 from above. The holding bodies 12 to 13 hold the semi-cylindrical end of the control slider 4 by screws 14 to 15, respectively.
[0015]
The center points of the balls of the ball joints 10 and 11 are located in a starting position, that is, on a common axis when the tilting levers 7 and 8 are not deviated. This axis is at the same time a pivot axis, around which the plate 6 can be folded. The plate 6 has an arm 6a which is rotatably mounted on a pin 16 which is arranged on an arm 1a which is connected to the front wall 1 of the container. The central axis of the pin 16 is at the same time the central axis of the ball joints 10 and 11, i.e., forms the pivot axis, around which the plate 6 is folded back to the maintenance position, shown in phantom in FIG. Can be.
[0016]
When the plate 6 is turned over, the tilting levers 7 and 8 and thus the control valves 2 and 3 do not operate according to the above-described structure.
[0017]
The ends of the tilting levers 7 and 8 remote from the control valve are connected to the control lever 5 by a connecting member 7. In order to explain the functional form of the connecting member 17 in more detail, a coordinate system XYZ will be introduced. In this case, the X axis points in the longitudinal direction of the tilting levers 7 and 8, and the Z axis points in the direction of its operation.
[0018]
The connecting member 17 is connected to the first tilting lever 7 by a first ball joint 18. The second ball joint 19 is separated from the first ball joint 18 in the X direction. The center point of the second ball joint 19 is determined by moving the center point of the first ball joint 18 to the first tilting lever 7 and the control slider 4 of the first control valve 2. Are located on an axis that is connected to the center point of the ball joint 10. The second ball joint 19 connects the connecting member 17 and the intermediate member 20. A third ball joint 21 that is separated from the second ball joint 19 in the Y direction connects the connecting member 17 and the second tilting lever 8. The intermediate member 20 is supported on the plate 6 by a fourth ball joint separated from the second ball joint 19 in the Z direction.
[0019]
When the control lever 6 is displaced in the X direction, only the first tilting lever 7 moves, whereby only the first control valve 2 is operated. In this case, the rotation axis of the connecting member 17 extends in the Y direction through the second ball joint 19 and the third ball joint 21 parallel to the second ball joint 19. Therefore, the second tilting lever 8 does not move. The intermediate member 20 moves between the movement of following the arc of the tilt lever arm away from the control valve of the first tilt lever 7 and the movement of the connecting member 17 following the arc located on the opposite side of the arc of the tilt lever arm. By compensating for the difference between the movements, the connecting member 17 can perform the movement deviating in the X direction.
[0020]
When the control lever 5 is displaced in the Y direction, only the second tilting lever 8 moves, and thus only the second control valve 3 operates. At this time, the rotation axis of the connecting member 17 extends in the X direction through the first ball joint 18 and the second ball joint 19. In this case as well, the compensation by the intermediate member 20 by the arc-shaped movement of the tilting lever arm away from the control valve of the second tilting lever 8 and the arc-shaped movement of the control lever 5 to the connecting member 17 at right angles to the tilting lever 8 are performed. Done between exercise.
[0021]
When the control lever deviates at a position between the X direction and the Y direction, both tilting levers 7 and 8 move, and thus both control valves 2 and 3 operate. The intermediate member 20 in all cases allows a deviated movement of the second ball joint 19, whereby a force-free freedom can be achieved.
[0022]
The operating device according to the invention makes it possible to position the control lever in an ergonomically favorable position for the driver, in which case one or two control valves are stationary and therefore the control lever 5 Does not move when the is activated. This operating device has little play. This has been achieved by several means. That is, the ball of the ball joint is arranged in a plastic casing with a slit. When the control lever 5 is actuated, the displacement in the X-direction is compensated for by the ball joint device (the floating bearing of the connecting member between the control lever and the tilting lever arm remote from the control lever on the plate using an intermediate member). In: by automatic rotation of the control slider about the central axis between the tilting lever arm and the control slider close to the control valve). Play in this position is eliminated by a clamping connection between the control slider and the tilting lever.
[0023]
Due to the slight play in the operating device, noise is reduced (latter rattle is reduced) and wear is extremely reduced.
[0024]
Furthermore, the connection between the control slider and the tilting lever can be automatically corrected for tolerances by the use of the clamping body 12, so that there is no need to make any adjustments. In other words, the adjustment is effected in the X direction by the rotation of the control slider about the central axis, in the Y direction by the movement of the tilting lever on the shaft 9 and in the Z direction by the overlap of the clamping connection.
[0025]
The assembly makes this very simple. The holding body 12 is loosely inserted through the control slider 4 and the screws 14 and 15 are tightened from the front so as to be held by the control slider 4. At that time, the correction of the tolerance is automatically performed.
[0026]
The clamping connection of the control slider 4 may be designed as a sliding clutch in order to avoid damage to the control valves 2 and 3 or damage to the lever in the event of an overload. An overload can occur when the control lever 5 is used by the driver as a lift aid.
[0027]
The foldable plate 6 can also be used for fixing and manually positioning the manual brake lever, the tilting breaker, etc. in other operating devices .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an operating device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Front wall 1a Arm 2, 3 Control valve 4 Control slider 5 Control lever 6 Plate 6a Arm 7, 8 Tilting lever 9 Shaft 10, 11 Ball joint 12, 13 Clamping body 14, 15 Screw 16 Pin 17 Connecting member 18, 19 Ball Joint 20 Intermediate member 21, 22 Ball joint X, Y, Z coordinate axes

Claims (4)

An operating device for an industrial vehicle, wherein a control lever, which is operatively connected to a control slider of a control valve and is hinged, is located above a container within the operating range of the driver. Of the type that is pivotable from a position to a maintenance position allowing access to the container,
A control valve (2; 3) is positioned immovably on the side of the container and a control lever (5) is tilted on a control slider (4) of the control valve (2; 3) by a shaft (9). The control lever (5) and the axis (9) of the tilting lever (7; 8) are fixed to a plate (6) by a lever (7; 8) in a hinge-like manner. An operating device for an industrial vehicle, characterized in that the operating device is pivotable about a hinge axis of a tilting lever (7; 8) and a control slider (4). The control slider (4) is connected to the tilting lever (7; 8) by a ball joint (10; 11), and the ball of the ball joint (10; 11) is fixed laterally to the holding body (12). 2. The operation according to claim 1, wherein the holding body grips the end of the control slider projecting vertically upward from the control valve. apparatus. In the operating device in which the control slider of the control valve can move directly,
Two control valves (2; 3) are provided for alternative or simultaneous operation by a common control lever (5), and each control slider (4) is provided with one tilting lever (7; 8). ), And the two tilting levers (7, 8) are operatively connected to the control lever (5) at the end of the tilting lever arm which is supported on a common shaft (9) and is remote from the control valve. During the movement of the control lever (5) in the first plane (X), only one of the control valves (2) is actuated and the second plane (Y) perpendicular to the first plane (X). When the control lever (5) is moved within (), only the other control valve (3) is actuated, and when the control lever (5) is moved in the direction between the two planes (X, Y), 3. The control valve according to claim 1, wherein both control valves are actuated. Work equipment. The control lever (5) is fixed to a connecting member (17), which has a first ball joint (18) for connecting with a first tilting lever (7), and an intermediate member. (20) a second ball joint provided for coupling (19), when tilting lever as viewed in the coordinate system (7,8) has been arranged in the X direction is pivotable in the Z-direction, the first The ball joint (18) is isolated in the X direction, and its center point is the center point of the first ball joint (18), and the control slider (4) of the first control valve (2) and the first tilting lever. The third ball joint (21) is located on the axis connecting with the center point of the ball joint (10) between the second ball joint (19) and the second ball joint (19) in the Y direction. The intermediate member (20) is provided for coupling with the second tilting lever (8), and the intermediate member (20) is moved from the second ball joint (19) in the Z direction. Spaced apart from, characterized in that it is supported to the fourth ball joint (22) by the upper plate (6), according to claim 3 operating device according.

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