JP3581007B2 - Waste gasification and melting treatment apparatus and gasification and melting treatment method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, by burning heat value low dust such as municipal waste at high temperatures, Ru Tei contained therein by the combustion heat, gasification of waste to be treated stabilized by melting the ash melting treatment apparatus and gasification melting process It is about the method . In the present invention, the garbage does not refer only to general garbage such as municipal garbage, but includes a wide range of combustibles containing water, having a low calorific value, and being subjected to combustion processing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
3 and 4 are diagrams showing a system configuration and a waste treatment flow example of a conventional waste melting treatment facility having a low calorific value such as municipal waste. FIG. 3 shows a case where a gasification furnace or a gasification apparatus is provided. Indicates a case having only a melting furnace. In FIG. 3, refuse collected by a collection vehicle or the like is dumped and stored in a refuse pit 31. The refuse in the refuse pit 31 is supplied to a dust supply device 32 by a crane, and is supplied from the dust supply device 32 to a gasification furnace or a gasification device 33. If necessary, unburned gas, combustion gas, and fly ash are supplied to the melting furnace 34 from the gasifier or the gasifier 33. In FIG. 4, the raw material is directly supplied from the dust supply device 32 to the melting furnace 34.
[0003]
In the refuse melting facility shown in FIG. 3, the refuse from the dust supply device 32 is supplied to the gasification furnace or the gasifier 33, whereas in the refuse melting treatment facility shown in FIG. 4, the refuse is supplied to the melting furnace. There are several examples of refuse supply destinations, such as gasifying refuse, removing incombustibles, burning gas at high temperature, and guiding combustible gas, unburned gas, and accompanying fly ash to the melting furnace 34. In the system shown in FIG. 3 for melting fly ash in the melting furnace 34, the gasification furnace or the gasification device 33 is a supply destination.
[0004]
Here, the gasifier and the gasifier exist because gas is required to heat garbage, but the heat is obtained by the partial combustion heat of garbage. This is because a case where heat is indirectly given by heat exchange with heat (such as steam) obtained by heat exchange from exhaust gas or the like is called a gasifier.
[0005]
Both the gasifier and the gasifier remain gasified as a function. Further, in the refuse melting treatment facility shown in FIG. 4, without waiting for gasification, without removing incombustibles, all the refuse is burned in the melting furnace 34 and the heat is used to melt ash and incombustibles. In this case, Therefore, there is no gasification furnace, and refuse is supplied to the melting furnace 34. The dust supply device 32 has a function of supplying refuse so that the combustion and melting states of the gasification furnace or the gasification device 33 and the melting furnace 34 can be maintained in an optimal state.
[0006]
When the combustion temperature of the unburned gas or the like supplied from the gasification furnace or the gasification device 33 to the melting furnace 34 does not become higher than the melting temperature of fly ash as described above, an auxiliary fuel is required. Here, the auxiliary fuel is supplied to the melting furnace 34 in order to raise the current combustion temperature by burning the fuel with a burner to increase the temperature, to input coal, or to reduce the calorific value of the exhaust gas. The oxygen concentration in the secondary air is increased (oxygen enrichment), and garbage is dried.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The method of raising the temperature by burning the fuel by the burner or charging coal is not only undesirable because it raises the running cost but also increases the carbon dioxide emission. Further, oxygen enrichment has a problem that equipment costs are high and running costs are high.
[0008]
It is also conceivable to eliminate the auxiliary fuel by drying the refuse, but drying the refuse requires heat by steam or electric power, etc., and causes an increase in running cost. In addition, a carrier gas is required to replace the steam generated by drying, and odor countermeasures due to gas leakage and the like are required, and the treatment of this gas is a major problem. When the carrier gas is introduced into the melting furnace 34, a large-capacity exhaust gas treatment facility is required for the amount of the carrier gas, which increases the facility cost and the running cost. In addition, when drying garbage, there are substances that soften and adhere to the dryer, and it can be said that drying is not suitable for municipal garbage composed of various properties.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and does not require auxiliary fuel, oxygen enrichment equipment cost, and drying equipment that cause an increase in running cost, and can reduce gas with low calorific value such as municipal waste at low running cost. However, the combustion of the gas obtained, and an object thereof is to provide a gasification melting apparatus and gasification melting treatment method of waste to be treated stabilized by melting ash contained in the gas by the combustion heat.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 gasifies refuse having a low calorific value, burns the obtained gas, melts the ash in the gas, and forms a molten slag as a molten slag from a slag discharge port. In the waste gasification and melting treatment apparatus for discharging the combustion gas after discharging the molten slag in the combustion chamber at the rear of the apparatus, a dehydration apparatus for removing water in the waste with a low calorific value as sewage is provided. In addition, the refuse dewatered by the dewatering device is supplied to a refuse gasification / melting device, and the dewatered sewage is sprayed on the combustion gas after discharging the molten slag to be evaporated.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the refuse gasification and melting treatment apparatus according to the first aspect , the dewatering device supplies a refuse from a refuse pit storing refuse, and a refuse gasification and fusion treatment apparatus. Characterized in that it is provided between the dust-supplying devices for supplying to the hopper.
[0012]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the refuse gasification and melting processing apparatus according to the first or second aspect , a dewatering waste pit for storing the dewatered waste dewatered by the dewatering device is provided.
[0013]
Further, the invention according to claim 4 gasifies refuse having a low calorific value, burns the obtained gas to melt ash in the gas into molten slag, and discharges the molten slag out of the apparatus. in gasification melting treatment method of waste gasification melting apparatus for combustion treatment of combustion gas after the molten slag discharge in the combustion chamber of the apparatus subsequent, the water in the low heating value waste is removed as sewage form dehydrated, dust and dehydration water as well as gasification, characterized by spraying evaporated and the resulting wastewater to the combustion gas after the molten slag discharge by dehydrating the garbage.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a system configuration and an example of a waste treatment flow of a waste melting treatment facility having a low calorific value such as municipal waste of the present invention. Waste having a low calorific value such as municipal waste is dumped and stored in the waste pit 11. The refuse in the refuse pit 11 is supplied to a dewatering device 12 by a crane. The water in the refuse is dehydrated by the dewatering device 12, and the dewatered refuse is supplied to a dust supply device 13, and is supplied from the dust supply device 13 to a gasification furnace or a gasification device 14.
[0016]
Generally, garbage such as municipal garbage contains about 40% to 70% of moisture, but it is dehydrated to the extent that auxiliary fuel is not necessary or as much as possible to reduce the amount of moisture, and the gasification furnace or gas To the gasifier 14 or the melting furnace 15. This increases the amount of heat generated by the refuse, increases the combustion temperature, and reduces or eliminates the use of auxiliary fuel. Here, as the dehydrating device 12, for example, a compression-type dehydrating device that compresses garbage to dehydrate water is used.
[0017]
The sewage dewatered from the refuse by the dewatering device 12 is sprayed into a post-combustion chamber 17 after the slag discharge port 16 of the melting furnace 15 for processing or sent to a processing device (not shown) for processing. The latter-stage combustion chamber 17 after the slag discharge port 16 refers to a combustion chamber after the slag discharge port 16 in the melting furnace 15.
[0018]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system configuration and an example of a waste treatment flow of a waste melting treatment facility having a low calorific value such as municipal waste of the present invention. This processing equipment differs from the processing equipment of FIG. 1 in that a dewatering waste pit 18 for storing waste dewatered by the dewatering device 12 is provided between the dewatering device 12 and the feeding device 13.
[0019]
In the case of a process in which refuse is gasified by the gasification furnace or the gasification apparatus 14 and the fly ash is melted by the melting furnace 15, the slag and the exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace 15 must be separated. Since the exhaust gas leaves the melting furnace 15 and is sent to a boiler (not shown) or the like to lower the temperature, the slag must be separated from the exhaust gas and discharged before being discharged from the melting furnace 15. From the viewpoint of slag melting, the temperature up to the slag discharge port 16 may be maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of fly ash. Therefore, even if the temperature of the exhaust gas after separation from the slag decreases, there is no problem from the viewpoint of melting the slag.
[0020]
In FIG. 2, the dewatering waste pit 18 is provided between the dewatering device 12 and the dust supply device 13. However, the dewatering waste pit 18 does not necessarily need to be provided here. The dewatered waste may be stored in the dewatering waste pit 18 using a crane, and the dewatered waste may be supplied to the dust supply device 13 from the dewatering waste pit 18 using a crane.
[0021]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the dewatered waste is supplied to the gasification furnace or the gasification device 14 by the dust supply device 13 is shown, but the gasification furnace or the gasification device 14 is omitted, and FIG. As shown, the dewatered waste may be directly supplied to the melting furnace 15 by the dust supply device 13.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention described in each claim, since the moisture contained in the garbage is dehydrated, the moisture contained in the garbage can be reduced, the calorific value of the garbage in the combustion treatment increases, and the slag is increased. The temperature of the combustion gas to the outlet rises, which can reduce or eliminate the use of auxiliary fuel. In addition, since the wastewater obtained by dewatering the garbage is sprayed on the combustion gas after discharging the molten slag and evaporated, the dewatered wastewater can be treated, and even if the wastewater is evaporated, the combustion gas to the slag discharge port can be obtained. Ash melting can be stabilized without lowering the temperature of the ash.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration and an example of a waste treatment flow of a waste melting treatment facility having a low calorific value such as municipal waste of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system configuration and an example of a waste treatment flow of a waste melting treatment facility having a low calorific value such as municipal waste of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a system configuration of a conventional refuse melting treatment facility having a low calorific value, such as municipal refuse, and an example of a refuse treatment flow.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a system configuration and an example of a waste processing flow of a conventional refuse melting facility having a low calorific value such as municipal waste.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Garbage pit 12 Dehydration apparatus 13 Dust supply apparatus 14 Gasification furnace or gasification apparatus 15 Melting furnace 16 Slag discharge port 17 Rear combustion chamber 18 Dehydration garbage pit

Claims (4)

Waste gas with a low calorific value is gasified, and the resulting gas is burned to melt the ash in the gas to be discharged as molten slag from the slag discharge port to the outside of the apparatus. In the gasification and melting treatment equipment for refuse that is burned in the combustion chamber at the subsequent stage,
Providing a dehydration device for removing the water in the heat generation low refuse as sewage form ,
The waste dewatered by the dewatering device is supplied to the waste gasification and melting treatment device, and the wastewater obtained by the dehydration is sprayed on the combustion gas after the discharge of the molten slag to be evaporated. Gasification melting processing equipment. The waste gasification and melting treatment apparatus according to claim 1,
The dewatering apparatus is provided between a crane that supplies waste from a waste pit that stores the waste and a dust supply apparatus that supplies waste to the gasification and melting processing apparatus, wherein the waste gasification and melting apparatus is provided. The waste gasification and melting treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a dewatering waste pit for storing the dewatered waste dehydrated by the dehydration device. Waste gas having a low calorific value is gasified, and the obtained gas is burned to melt the ash in the gas to form molten slag, the molten slag is discharged out of the apparatus, and the combustion gas discharged from the molten slag is discharged to the apparatus. In the gasification and melting treatment method of the garbage gasification and melting treatment device that performs combustion treatment in the combustion chamber of the subsequent stage,
The water in the waste with a low calorific value is removed and dewatered by removing the water in the wastewater form, and the dewatered waste is gasified, and the wastewater obtained by dewatering the waste is converted into a combustion gas after discharging the molten slag. A gasification and fusion treatment method for a gasification and fusion treatment apparatus, which comprises spraying and evaporating.

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