Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP3583572B2 - Underwater fouling organism prevention members and devices for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP3583572B2 - Underwater fouling organism prevention members and devices for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities - Google Patents

Underwater fouling organism prevention members and devices for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3583572B2
JP3583572B2 JP32390296A JP32390296A JP3583572B2 JP 3583572 B2 JP3583572 B2 JP 3583572B2 JP 32390296 A JP32390296 A JP 32390296A JP 32390296 A JP32390296 A JP 32390296A JP 3583572 B2 JP3583572 B2 JP 3583572B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
underwater
preventing member
fouling organism
organisms
fouling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP32390296A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH10155391A (en
Inventor
章 浜田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nohmi Bosai Ltd
Original Assignee
Nohmi Bosai Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nohmi Bosai Ltd filed Critical Nohmi Bosai Ltd
Priority to JP32390296A priority Critical patent/JP3583572B2/en
Publication of JPH10155391A publication Critical patent/JPH10155391A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3583572B2 publication Critical patent/JP3583572B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Landscapes

  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、漁網や発電所等の海水取入パイプ等の水中設備に貝類や海藻類等の汚損生物が付着する場所に用いて好適な水中汚損生物防止部材およびこれを使用した水中設備等の汚損生物の付着防止装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、養殖その他で使用される漁網は、ポリアミド、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリエステル等の合成繊維を素材として作られている。このような漁網を海中に長期間浸漬して使っているとフジツボや海藻等の水棲生物が付着し、これが成長すると網目を塞ぎ、潮の通しを妨げ、潮流に対する抵抗を増大させる。その結果、養殖魚の生育が阻害され、魚体が傷つけられ、さらには養殖魚が弊死させられる。
【0003】
また、火力発電所や原子力発電所等の発電所の海水取入パイプやパイプ入口の異物侵入防止用柵や網にもフジツボや海藻等の水棲生物が付着し、これが成長すると海水取入パイプ内を塞ぎ、海水取入効率を低下させる。
従来、このような弊害を防止するために、網を日干しにして付着した水棲生物を死滅させ、当該死滅物にジェット水を当てて網から落とす方法や、電気的に塩素ガスを発生させ、かかるガスの毒性により水棲生物の付着を防止する方法、また、有機スズ系の物質を漁網に塗布し、当該物質の毒性により水棲生物の付着を防止する方法等が提案されていた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述のごとく網を日干しにする方法は、作業に労力がかかりすぎ、有機スズ系の物質や塩素ガスを用いる方法は、これらの物質により環境が汚染される恐れがある。
この発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、漁網や発電所等の海水取入パイプ等の水中設備に貝類や海藻類等の汚損生物が付着するのを効果的に防止する水中汚損生物防止部材およびこれを使用した水中設備等の汚損生物の付着防止装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明に係る水中汚損生物防止部材は、導電性物質と、この導電性物質を被覆する圧電体とを備え、導電性物質と圧電体の内少なくとも導電性物質に柔軟性を持たせ、波の動きに応じて電圧を発生するようにしたものである。
【0006】
この発明に係る水中汚損生物防止部材は、圧電体は中空をなし、この圧電体の中空部分に柔軟性を有する導電性物質を設けたものである。
【0007】
この発明に係る水中設備等の汚損生物の付着防止装置は、導電性物質、この導電性物質を被覆する圧電体を有し、導電性物質と圧電体の内少なくとも導電性物質に柔軟性を持たせ、波の動きに応じて電圧を発生する水中汚損生物防止部材で構成された網を備えたものである。
【0008】
この発明に係る水中設備等の汚損生物の付着防止装置は、導電性物質、この導電性物質を被覆する圧電体を有し、圧電体と導電性物質の内少なくとも導電性物質に柔軟性を持たせ、波の動きに応じて電圧を発生する水中汚損生物防止部材で構成されたパイプを備えたものである。
【0009】
この発明に係る水中設備等の汚損生物の付着防止装置は、波の動きに応じて発生する電圧を蓄積する蓄積手段を備え、波の動きがないときに蓄積手段からの出力を電源として水中汚損生物防止部材に与えるものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の一実施の形態を図を参照して説明する。
実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明の第1の実施の形態の全体を示す構成図(横断面図)であって、図2は図1の線IーIを切断して示す断面図である。
図において、1は例えば漁網の防藻糸等に用いて好適な水中汚損生物防止部材であって、この水中汚損生物防止部材1は中空を成す圧電体11と、この圧電体11の中空部分に設けられた柔軟性を有する導電性物質12と、圧電体11と導電性物質12の間に設けられて導電性物質12をシールするシール部材13で構成される。
【0011】
圧電体11としては、例えばフッ化ビニリデン(以下、2フッ化エチレンという)、2フッ化エチレンと1フッ化エチレン(即ち、フッ化ビニル)との2元共重合体、2フッ化エチレンと1フッ化エチレンとフッ化トリフルオロエチレン(以下、3フッ化エチレンという)との3元共重合体、2フッ化エチレンと3フッ化エチレンとの2元共重合体等の高分子圧電材料や、或いはこれらの高分子圧電材料とチタン酸ジルコン酸鉛(PZT)、リチウムタンタレート(LT)、チタン酸鉛(PT)等の無機圧電材との複合体等が用いられる。
2フッ化エチレンの場合は、延伸処理後分極されて圧電体とされ、その他の重合体(ポリマ)や複合体は熱処理後分極されて圧電体とされる。
【0012】
柔軟性を有する導電性物質12は、導電性を有する液体または固体であって、導電性を有する液体としては、例えば塩化カルシウム、塩化亜鉛、塩化ナトリウム等の水溶液や食塩水が用いられる。
また、導電性物質12が固体の場合、外側の圧電体11が伸縮したときに切れてしまう虞れがあるので、圧電体11より柔軟性を有することが必要である。そこでこの導電性を有する固体としては、例えば樹脂である軟質塩化ビニール、シリコン、エチレン酢酸ビニール等に導電性のカーボンパウダ、ビーズ、バルン、ファイバ、アルミ、銅、クローム、ニッケルのパウダを添加したもので、その添加量としては40〜60%(重量)程度であり、また、その導電率はその粒子形状および材質により異なる。
【0013】
また、シール部材13は熱可塑性樹脂からなるもので、例えば高周波シール、ヒートシール等が用いられ、その長さは用途に応じて調整可能であり、例えば5〜100mである。また、このシール部材13はその長さが余り長い場合途中で圧電体11や導電性物質12が切れると、その導電性を確保できなくなるので、好ましくは適当な長さに寸断し、これらの端部をそれぞれ重複させてつなぎ合わせることにより、全体として水中汚損生物防止部材1を構成するようにしてもよい。
【0014】
また、水中汚損生物防止部材1の形状は、その用途に応じて、例えばストレート状、カール(ラセン)状、ウエーブ状と種々の形態を取り得るものであるが、いずれも場合も、後述される自己発電の原理からも分かるように、小さな波動に対しても圧電性を有するものが好ましい。
また、水中汚損生物防止部材1の太さは、用途に応じて異なるが、例えば貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を防止する水中汚損生物防止部材(防藻糸)の場合、例えば0、1〜5、0Φmm程度である。
さらに、水中汚損生物防止部材1を構成する圧電体11と導電性物質12の直径比は例えば1/10〜1/1程度である。
【0015】
次に、このような構造の水中汚損生物防止部材1の自己発電の機能に付いて図3を参照して説明する。なお、この図3では、シール部材13は省略されている。
いま、水中汚損生物防止部材1が図1に破線で示すように例えば海水の波動により上または下方向に力を受けて変形すると、図3(a)に示すように長さ方向の変化d31および厚さ方向の変化d33と、図3(b)に示すように直径方向(幅)の変化d32を生じる。これらの変化量は長さ方向の変化d31を1とすると、大体直径方向(幅)の変化d32は1/5〜1/8、厚さ方向の変化d33は1/20〜1/100程度である。つまり、3次元方向の変化量は長さ方向の変化d31が一番大きいことが分かる。なお、図3(b)は説明を分かりやすくするために、水中汚損生物防止部材1の断面状態を概略的に示し、破線は直径方向に膨らんだ状態を表している。
【0016】
かくして、上述のように水中汚損生物防止部材1が変化(伸縮)すると、この水中汚損生物防止部材1を構成する圧電体11が伸縮することにより圧電体11と導電性物質12の間に電圧が発生(自己発電)する。図3ではこの自己発電した電圧(交流電圧)を、参照符号GVで表している。
この自己発電による電圧は、例えば上述した防藻糸の場合、その太さが0、1〜5、0Φmm、その長さが5〜100mであれば、100V程度である。なお、このとき、流れる電流は0,01〜数10mA程度であるので、海水の電気分解を起こすことは殆どなく、また、人に大きなショックを与えることもない。
【0017】
このように、本実施の形態では、圧電体とこれより柔軟性の導電性物質で水中汚損生物防止部材を構成し、この水中汚損生物防止部材に海水や水の動きにより電圧を発生するようにしているので、貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物およびその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
【0018】
実施の形態2.
図4は、この発明の第2の実施の形態を示す断面図である。
図において、図1と対応する部分には同一符号を付し、その詳細説明を省略する。
なお、上記実施の形態1では水中汚損生物防止部材が実質的に二重構造の場合であったが、本実施の形態では、その構造が実質的に三重構造の場合である。
図において、1Aは例えば漁網の防藻糸等に用いて好適な水中汚損生物防止部材であって、この水中汚損生物防止部材1Aは、上述の水中汚損生物防止部材1が有する圧電体11、導電性物質12およびシール部材13の外に更に導電性物質14と、この導電性物質14と圧電体11の間に設けられて圧電体11をシールするシール部材15で構成される。
【0019】
この場合、導電性物質14も、柔軟性を有することが好ましく、その材質としては導電性物質12と同様のものを用いればよい。もっとも、その材質が液体の場合、周囲をシールする必要がある。
また、その動作原理については、実質的に実施の形態1と同様であるので、その説明を省略する。
【0020】
このように、本実施の形態では、水中汚損生物防止部材を圧電体を挟むようにして上下に柔軟性のある導電性物質を設けて構成し、この水中汚損生物防止部材に海水や水の動きにより電圧を発生するようにしているので、効率よく貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物およびその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
【0021】
実施の形態3.
図5は、この発明の第3の実施の形態を示す断面図である。
図において、図1および図3と対応する部分には同一符号を付し、その詳細説明を省略する。なお、ここでは、水中汚損生物防止部材として、上記実施の形態1における二重構造の水中汚損生物防止部材1の場合を示しているが、勿論上記実施の形態2における三重構造の水中汚損生物防止部材1Aの場合も同様に適用出来るものである。
【0022】
さて、本実施の形態では、波があるときに発生した電力(電流)を蓄積しておき、波がないときにこの蓄積した電荷を電源として放出して実質的に水中汚損生物防止部材1に電圧を与えるものである。
図において、21は水中汚損生物防止部材1の圧電体11の一部にそのアノードが電気的に接続された整流素子であるダイオード、22はその一端がダイオード21のカソードに接続され、他端が導電性物質12の一部に電気的に接続され、一種の電源として働くコンデンサである。なお、このコンデンサ22の代わりに蓄電池を用いてもよい。
23はそのアノードが圧電体11の一部に電気的に接続され、そのカソードがタイマ24に入力側に接続されたダイオードであって、タイマ24としては入力があってから所定時間後に出力がオフ状態となるいわゆるオフ・ディレイ・タイマが使用される。タイマ24の両方の電源端子はダイオード21のカソードと導電性物質12との間に接続される。
【0023】
25はタイマ24の出力側に接続されたスイッチ(SW)、26はスイッチ25に接続され、そのオン、オフに応じて発振状態が制御される発振器(OSC)であって、ここでは、この発振器26は例えばスイッチ25がオンのときその発振状態が禁止され、オフのときその発振状態の禁止が解除されるようになされている。発振器26の両方の電源端子はコンデンサ22の両端に接続される。また、発振器26の出力端子の一方はダイオード27を介して圧電体11の一部に電気的に接続され、その出力端子の他方は導電性物質12の一部に電気的に接続される。
なお、タイマ24には予め水中汚損生物防止部材1が配置される水面の波動の周期等を考慮して、つまり、経験的に波がないときにコンデンサ22を電源として発振器26が駆動されるようなタイミングの所定時間が設定される。また、構成要素21および22は蓄積手段を構成する。
【0024】
次に、動作について説明する。
波がある場合には、その動きに応じて上述のごとく水中汚損生物防止部材1の圧電体11と導電性物質12の間にある電圧(交流電圧)GVが発生し、この水中汚損生物防止部材1に発生した電圧で、貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動(例えば0.1KHZ〜1MHZの周波数)により付着している水棲生物及びその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
また、この波がある場合に発生した電圧(交流電圧)GVに応じた交流電流がダイオード21で整流されてコンデンサ22に流れ込み、コンデンサ22が充電される。
さらに、この波がある状態では、ダイオード23を介して上述のごとく発生した交流電流がダイオード23で整流され入力としてタイマ24に印加され、その出力によりスイッチ25がオンして発振器26が発振状態を禁止される。
【0025】
一方、波がなくなると、水中汚損生物防止部材1の圧電体11と導電性物質12の間に電圧(交流電圧)GVが発生しなくなるため、タイマ24の入力がなくなり、タイマ24はカウントを開始し、所定時間後にその出力がなくなり、結果としてスイッチ25がオフとなり、発振器26の発振状態の禁止が解除される。
この結果、発振器26は波があるときにコンデンサ22に蓄積されていた電荷を電源として発振を開始する。
そして、発振器26より出力される発振出力により水中汚損生物防止部材1に実質的に電圧が与えられると共に、水中汚損生物防止部材1が所定の周波数で振動される。
従って、この場合も、貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物及びその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
【0026】
このように、本実施の形態でも、上記実施の形態と同様の効果が得られると共に、更に本実施の形態では、波がない場合でも、波がある場合と同様に貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物およびその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
【0027】
実施の形態4.
図6は、この発明の第4の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
本実施の形態は、上述の水中汚損生物防止部材を、例えば養殖のために湾口を仕切るときや発電所の取水口等で用いられる水域遮断用の網に適用した場合の一例を示すものである。なお、ここでも、水中汚損生物防止部材として、上記実施の形態1における二重構造の水中汚損生物防止部材1の場合を示しているが、勿論上記実施の形態2における三重構造の水中汚損生物防止部材1Aの場合も同様に適用出来るものである。
【0028】
図において、30は上述の水中汚損生物防止部材1を編成して作られた水域遮断網であって、水域遮断網30は湾口の遮断位置海底に所要間隔で打ち込まれた複数の杭31aと杭31bの間に張られる。
32は水域遮断網30を吊持する水平筋縄であって、この水平筋縄32には複数の浮子33、33b、33cが、例えば10m間隔で取り付けられる。
また、杭31aおよび31bの頂部には係留索34が設けられると共に、水域遮断網30には、その下端が海底に埋め込まれているかまたは海底に接する部分に重り35が設けられる。
【0029】
次に、動作について説明する。
水域遮断網30を構成する網糸としての水中汚損生物防止部材1が海水等の波動により上または下方向に力を受けて変形すると、水中汚損生物防止部材1が変化(伸縮)して、この水中汚損生物防止部材1に電圧が発生(自己発電)し、この自己発電により発生した電圧によって効率よく貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の付着や発生を抑制できる。
また、上述のごとく自己発電により発生した電圧によって、水域遮断網30の網糸である水中汚損生物防止部材1が全長に亘って、例えば0.1KHZ〜1MHZの周波数で振動し、水域遮断網30の網糸つまり水中汚損生物防止部材1に付着しようとする汚損生物およびその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
なお、湾口の遮断位置海底に所要間隔で打ち込まれた複数の杭を2本よりも多くして、これらの杭に亘って海域遮断網30が張られているように構成してもよい。
【0030】
このように、本実施の形態では、水域遮断用の網を水中汚損生物防止部材で構成し、この水中汚損生物防止部材に海水や水の動きにより電圧を発生するようにしているので、養殖のために湾口を仕切るときや発電所の取水口等で用いられる水域遮断用の網に付着する貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物及びその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
【0031】
また、水中汚損生物防止部材からなる水域遮断網を用いているため0.01〜数10mA程度の電流で、水中汚損生物防止部材を全線に亘り振動させることができる。このため、海水等の電気分解は殆ど起こらず、従って有害な塩素ガスの発生も殆どないため、養殖魚に与える影響も殆どない。
【0032】
実施の形態5.
図7は、この発明の第5の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
本実施の形態は、上述の水中汚損生物防止部材を、例えば火力発電所や原子力発電所或いは各種工場等の取水口に用いられる防護網に適用した場合の一例を示すものである。
図において、40はごみや水棲生物を取り込まないようにするための防護網であって、この防護網40は例えば図1に示した水中汚損生物防止部材1を縦横に張り巡らしメッシュ状にしたものである。41は発電所等42の海水取水パイプであり、この海水取水パイプ41の取水口43に防護網40が設けられる。
【0033】
次に、動作について説明する。
水中汚損生物防止部材1で構成された防護網43が海水取水パイプ40に取り込まれる海水等の波動によりある方向に力を受けると、水中汚損生物防止部材1が変化(伸縮)して、この水中汚損生物防止部材1に電圧が発生(自己発電)し、この自己発電により発生した電圧によって効率よく貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の付着や発生を抑制できる。
また、上述のごとく自己発電により発生した電圧によって、防護網43の網糸である水中汚損生物防止部材1が全長に亘って、例えば0.1KHZ〜1MHZの周波数で振動し、防護網43の網糸つまり水中汚損生物防止部材1に付着しようとする汚損生物及びその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができ、或いは水棲生物及びその胞子や幼生が水中汚損生物防止部材1に付着するのを防止することができる。
【0034】
このように、本実施の形態では、海水取水パイプの取水口に設けられる防護網を水中汚損生物防止部材で構成し、この水中汚損生物防止部材に海水や水の動きにより電圧を発生するようにしているので、防護網に付着する貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物およびその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
【0035】
実施の形態6.
図8は、この発明の第6の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
本実施の形態は、上述の水中汚損生物防止部材を、例えば火力発電所や原子力発電所等のPET樹脂からなる海水取入パイプに適用した場合の一例を示すものである。
図において、50は発電所等51の海水取入パイプであって、海水取入パイプ50はPET樹脂のパイプ52の内壁に、上述の導電性物質12に相当する柔軟性があり且つ導電性の物質をコーティングして導電性物質53を形成し、更に導電性物質53の内側に上述の圧電体11の材質に相当する樹脂をコーティングおよび加熱処理して圧電体54を形成したものである。55は、取水された海水が通過する導水部である。
【0036】
次に、動作について説明する。
実質的に上述の水中汚損生物防止部材で構成された海水取水パイプ50が取り込まれる海水等の波動によりある方向に力を受けると、海水取水パイプ50が変化(伸縮)して、この海水取水パイプ50の導電性物質53と圧電体54との間に電圧が発生(自己発電)し、このため、海水取水パイプ50の内壁に設けられた圧電体54が全長に亘って振動し、海水取入パイプ50の内壁に付着しようとする汚損生物及びその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
【0037】
なお、海水取入パイプ50がステンレスからなる場合であっても、上述と同様の構成をとり、同様の動作を行わせることができる。
即ち、ステンレスパイプを250〜300℃で加熱して、2フッ化エチレンと3フッ化エチレンからなる樹脂を当該ステンレスパイプ内壁に吹き付け、溶融加熱する粉末ライニング法により当該樹脂からなる圧電樹脂層を形成し、これにコロナ放電を施し、圧電層を形成する。この場合上述の導電性物質に対応するのは当該ステンレスパイプである。
【0038】
このように、本実施の形態では、海水取水パイプを実質的に水中汚損生物防止部材で構成し、この水中汚損生物防止部材に海水や水の動きにより電圧を発生するようにしているので、海水取入パイプの内壁に付着する貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物およびその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができる。
【0039】
実施の形態7.
なお、上記実施の形態4〜6において、上記実施の形態3に於けるようなタイマ等を設ける構成をとり、所定の時刻或いは季節に所定の電圧又は周波数で電源が供給されるようにして、特定の種類の汚損生物の活動が盛んになったときに水域遮断網や海水取入パイプ等の圧電体の振動を激しくして、その付着防止機能が向上するように制御してもよい。
【0040】
実施の形態8.
また、上記各実施の形態では、水中汚損生物防止部材の形状を円筒状のものを前提に説明したが、これに限定されずその他の形状、例えば平板状のものでもよい。
また、養殖その他で使用される漁網や火力発電所または原子力発電所の海水取入口およびその海水取入用パイプについて実施する場合について説明したが、用途はこれに限定されず、海水、汽水および淡水中に長期間浸漬してまたは接触して使用する器具等について、水棲生物の付着によりその機能が妨げられるもの全てについて、当該生物の付着を防止するために用いることが可能である。
さらに、上記各実施の形態では、水棲生物の付着について限定して言及したがスケール等の非生物的な付着物の付着を防止するのにも有用であるのは勿論である。
【0041】
【発明の効果】
以上のようにこの発明によれば、柔軟性を有する導電性物質を圧電体で被覆するか、或いは圧電体の中空部分に柔軟性のある導電性物質を設けて水中汚損生物防止部材を構成し、波の動きに応じて電圧を発生するようにしたので、何等環境汚染を招いたり多くの労力を要することなく、簡単且つ安価な構成で、貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物およびその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができるという効果がある。
【0042】
また、この発明によれば、波の動きに応じて電圧を発生する水中汚損生物防止部材で網やパイプを構成したので、何等環境汚染を招いたり多くの労力を要することなく、簡単且つ安価な構成で、養殖のために湾口を仕切るときや発電所の取水口等で用いられる水域遮断用の網や海水取水パイプの取水口に設けられる防護網或いは海水取入パイプの内壁に付着する貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物及びその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができ、しかも海水等の電気分解は殆ど起こらず、従って有害な塩素ガスの発生も殆どないため、特に水域遮断用の網の場合には養殖魚に与える影響も殆どないという効果がある。
【0043】
また、この発明によれば、波の動きに応じて発生する電圧を蓄積する蓄積手段を設け、波の動きがないときに蓄積手段からの出力を電源として水中汚損生物防止部材に与えるので、波がない場合でも、波がある場合と同様に貝類や海藻類等の水中汚損生物の発生を抑制し、或いは、その振動により付着している水棲生物およびその胞子や幼生を振るい落とすことができ、しかも、 特定の種類の汚損生物の活動が盛んになったときに水域遮断網や海水取入パイプ等の圧電体の振動を激しくして、その付着防止機能が更に向上することができるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の実施の形態1を示す構成図である。
【図2】図1の線IーIを切断して示す断面図である。
【図3】この発明に係る水中汚損生物防止部材の自己発電の原理を説明するための図である。
【図4】この発明の実施の形態2を示す構成図である。
【図5】この発明の実施の形態3を示す構成図である。
【図6】この発明の実施の形態4を示す構成図である。
【図7】この発明の実施の形態5を示す構成図である。
【図8】この発明の実施の形態6を示す構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1,1A 水中汚損生物防止部材、11,54 圧電体、12,14,53 導電性物質、13,15 シール部材、21 ダイオード、22 コンデンサ、24 発振器、30 水域遮断網、40 防護網、50 海水取入パイプ。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an underwater fouling organism-preventing member suitable for use in places where fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed adhere to underwater facilities such as seawater intake pipes such as fishing nets and power plants, and a submersible facility using the same. The present invention relates to a device for preventing fouling organisms from adhering.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, fishing nets used for aquaculture and the like are made of synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyester. If such a fishing net is used by immersing it in the sea for a long period of time, aquatic organisms such as barnacles and seaweed will adhere to it, and when it grows, it will block the mesh, hinder the passage of tides and increase resistance to tidal currents. As a result, the growth of the cultured fish is inhibited, the fish body is damaged, and further, the cultured fish is killed.
[0003]
In addition, barnacles and seaweeds and other aquatic organisms also attach to seawater intake pipes at power plants such as thermal power plants and nuclear power plants, and fences and nets at the pipe entrances to prevent foreign matter from entering. To reduce seawater intake efficiency.
Conventionally, in order to prevent such adverse effects, the net is sun-dried to kill attached aquatic organisms, a method of applying jet water to the dead matter and dropping it from the net, or generating chlorine gas electrically, A method of preventing the attachment of aquatic organisms by gas toxicity, a method of applying an organotin-based substance to a fishing net and preventing the attachment of aquatic organisms by the toxicity of the substance have been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method of sun-drying the net as described above requires too much work, and the method of using an organotin-based substance or chlorine gas may pollute the environment.
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is effective in preventing polluted organisms such as shellfish and seaweed from attaching to underwater facilities such as seawater intake pipes such as fishing nets and power plants. It is an object of the present invention to provide a member for preventing underwater fouling organisms, and a device for preventing adhesion of fouling organisms such as underwater facilities using the same.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The underwater fouling organism preventing member according to the present invention includes a conductive material, and a piezoelectric material that covers the conductive material. The voltage is generated according to the movement.
[0006]
In the underwater fouling organism preventing member according to the present invention, the piezoelectric body is hollow, and a flexible conductive material is provided in the hollow portion of the piezoelectric body.
[0007]
An apparatus for preventing fouling organisms such as underwater facilities according to the present invention has a conductive substance, a piezoelectric body covering the conductive substance, and the conductive substance and at least the conductive substance among the piezoelectric bodies have flexibility. And a net formed of an underwater fouling organism preventing member that generates a voltage in accordance with the movement of waves.
[0008]
An apparatus for preventing fouling organisms such as underwater facilities according to the present invention has a conductive substance, a piezoelectric body covering the conductive substance, and has flexibility in at least the conductive substance among the piezoelectric body and the conductive substance. And a pipe formed of an underwater fouling organism preventing member that generates a voltage in accordance with the movement of a wave.
[0009]
The apparatus for preventing fouling organisms such as underwater facilities according to the present invention includes a storage means for storing a voltage generated in response to the movement of a wave, and uses an output from the storage means as a power source when there is no movement of the water to thereby prevent underwater pollution. This is given to the biological prevention member.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram (cross-sectional view) showing the entire first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of FIG.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an underwater fouling organism preventing member suitable for use in, for example, an anti-algal thread of a fishing net, and the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 has a hollow piezoelectric member 11 and a hollow portion of the piezoelectric member 11. It is provided with a flexible conductive material 12 provided and a seal member 13 provided between the piezoelectric body 11 and the conductive material 12 to seal the conductive material 12.
[0011]
As the piezoelectric body 11, for example, a binary copolymer of vinylidene fluoride (hereinafter referred to as ethylene difluoride) and ethylene difluoride and ethylene monofluoride (that is, vinyl fluoride) may be used. A polymeric piezoelectric material such as a terpolymer of fluorinated ethylene and trifluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as trifluoroethylene), a terpolymer of difluoroethylene and trifluoroethylene, or the like; Alternatively, a composite of such a polymer piezoelectric material and an inorganic piezoelectric material such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lithium tantalate (LT), and lead titanate (PT) is used.
In the case of ethylene difluoride, it is polarized after the stretching treatment to be a piezoelectric body, and other polymers (polymers) and composites are polarized after the heat treatment to be a piezoelectric body.
[0012]
The conductive material 12 having flexibility is a liquid or solid having conductivity. As the liquid having conductivity, for example, an aqueous solution of calcium chloride, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, or a salt solution is used.
Further, when the conductive material 12 is a solid, the outer piezoelectric body 11 may be broken when it expands and contracts. Therefore, the conductive body 12 needs to have more flexibility than the piezoelectric body 11. Therefore, as a solid having this conductivity, for example, a resin obtained by adding conductive carbon powder, beads, balun, fiber, aluminum, copper, chrome, nickel powder to a resin such as soft vinyl chloride, silicon, ethylene vinyl acetate, or the like. The addition amount is about 40 to 60% (weight), and the conductivity differs depending on the particle shape and material.
[0013]
Further, the seal member 13 is made of a thermoplastic resin, for example, a high frequency seal, a heat seal, or the like is used, and the length thereof can be adjusted according to the use, and is, for example, 5 to 100 m. When the length of the sealing member 13 is too long, if the piezoelectric body 11 or the conductive substance 12 breaks in the middle, the conductivity cannot be secured. The parts may be overlapped and connected to form the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 as a whole.
[0014]
Further, the shape of the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 can take various forms, for example, a straight shape, a curl (helix) shape, and a wave shape, depending on its use, and in any case, it will be described later. As can be seen from the principle of self-power generation, a material having piezoelectricity even for small waves is preferable.
The thickness of the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 varies depending on the application. For example, in the case of an underwater fouling organism preventing member (antialgal thread) for preventing the occurrence of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed, for example, 0 , 1 to 5, 0 mm.
Furthermore, the diameter ratio of the piezoelectric body 11 and the conductive substance 12 constituting the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 is, for example, about 1/10 to 1/1.
[0015]
Next, the self-power generation function of the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 having such a structure will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the seal member 13 is omitted.
When the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 is deformed by receiving a force upward or downward due to, for example, a wave of seawater as shown by a broken line in FIG. 1, a change d31 in the length direction as shown in FIG. A change d33 in the thickness direction and a change d32 in the diametric direction (width) as shown in FIG. Assuming that the change d31 in the length direction is 1, the change d32 in the diameter direction (width) is about 1/5 to 1/8, and the change d33 in the thickness direction is about 1/20 to 1/100. is there. That is, it can be seen that the change amount in the three-dimensional direction is the largest in the change d31 in the length direction. Note that FIG. 3B schematically shows a cross-sectional state of the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 for easy understanding, and a broken line shows a state swelled in the diameter direction.
[0016]
Thus, when the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 changes (expands or contracts) as described above, the piezoelectric body 11 constituting the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 expands and contracts, and a voltage is applied between the piezoelectric body 11 and the conductive substance 12. Generates (self-generation). In FIG. 3, the self-generated voltage (AC voltage) is represented by reference numeral GV.
The voltage generated by the self-power generation is, for example, about 100 V when the thickness of the anti-algal fiber is 0, 1 to 5, and 0 mm, and the length is 5 to 100 m. At this time, since the flowing current is about 0.01 to several tens of mA, the electrolysis of seawater hardly occurs, and a large shock is not given to a person.
[0017]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the underwater fouling organism preventing member is constituted by the piezoelectric body and the more flexible conductive material, and the underwater fouling organism preventing member generates a voltage by the movement of seawater or water. Therefore, the generation of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweeds can be suppressed, or the attached aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae can be shaken off by the vibration.
[0018]
Embodiment 2 FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
In the first embodiment, the underwater fouling organism preventing member has a substantially double structure, but in the present embodiment, the structure has a substantially triple structure.
In the figure, 1A is a submerged-fouling organism preventing member suitable for use in, for example, an anti-algal thread of a fishing net, etc. In addition to the conductive material 12 and the sealing member 13, a conductive material 14 is further provided, and a sealing member 15 provided between the conductive material 14 and the piezoelectric body 11 to seal the piezoelectric body 11.
[0019]
In this case, the conductive substance 14 also preferably has flexibility, and the material may be the same as the conductive substance 12. However, when the material is liquid, it is necessary to seal the periphery.
Further, the operation principle is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.
[0020]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the underwater fouling organism preventing member is formed by providing a flexible conductive material vertically so as to sandwich the piezoelectric body, and a voltage is applied to the underwater fouling organism preventing member by movement of seawater or water. Therefore, the generation of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed can be efficiently suppressed, or the aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae attached by the vibration can be shaken off.
[0021]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, parts corresponding to those in FIGS. 1 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Here, as the underwater fouling organism preventing member, the double structure underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 in the first embodiment is shown, but of course the triple structure underwater fouling organism prevention in the second embodiment is shown. The same applies to the case of the member 1A.
[0022]
By the way, in the present embodiment, the electric power (current) generated when there is a wave is stored, and when there is no wave, the accumulated electric charge is released as a power source to substantially prevent the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 from being discharged. This is to give a voltage.
In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a diode which is a rectifying element whose anode is electrically connected to a part of the piezoelectric body 11 of the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1, and reference numeral 22 denotes one end of which is connected to the cathode of the diode 21 and the other end thereof. It is a capacitor electrically connected to a part of the conductive material 12 and acting as a kind of power supply. Note that a storage battery may be used instead of the capacitor 22.
Reference numeral 23 denotes a diode whose anode is electrically connected to a part of the piezoelectric body 11 and whose cathode is connected to the input side of the timer 24. The output of the timer 24 is turned off after a predetermined time from the input. A so-called off-delay timer that activates is used. Both power terminals of the timer 24 are connected between the cathode of the diode 21 and the conductive material 12.
[0023]
Reference numeral 25 denotes a switch (SW) connected to the output side of the timer 24, and 26 denotes an oscillator (OSC) connected to the switch 25 and whose oscillation state is controlled in accordance with the on / off state of the switch. Reference numeral 26 indicates that, for example, when the switch 25 is on, the oscillation state is prohibited, and when the switch 25 is off, the prohibition of the oscillation state is released. Both power terminals of the oscillator 26 are connected to both ends of the capacitor 22. One of the output terminals of the oscillator 26 is electrically connected to a part of the piezoelectric body 11 via a diode 27, and the other output terminal is electrically connected to a part of the conductive material 12.
Note that the timer 24 takes into consideration in advance the wave cycle of the water surface on which the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 is disposed, that is, the oscillator 26 is driven by using the capacitor 22 as a power source when there is no wave. A predetermined time at an appropriate timing is set. The components 21 and 22 constitute storage means.
[0024]
Next, the operation will be described.
If there is a wave, a voltage (AC voltage) GV between the piezoelectric body 11 and the conductive substance 12 of the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 is generated according to the movement as described above, and the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 is generated. The voltage generated in 1 suppresses the occurrence of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed, or shakes attached aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae due to their vibration (for example, a frequency of 0.1 KHz to 1 MHZ). Can be dropped.
Further, an AC current corresponding to a voltage (AC voltage) GV generated in the presence of this wave is rectified by the diode 21 and flows into the capacitor 22 to charge the capacitor 22.
Further, in a state where this wave is present, the alternating current generated as described above via the diode 23 is rectified by the diode 23 and applied to the timer 24 as an input, and the switch 25 is turned on by the output thereof, and the oscillator 26 switches the oscillation state. It is forbidden.
[0025]
On the other hand, when the wave disappears, no voltage (AC voltage) GV is generated between the piezoelectric body 11 and the conductive substance 12 of the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1, so that the input of the timer 24 is stopped, and the timer 24 starts counting. Then, the output is stopped after a predetermined time, and as a result, the switch 25 is turned off, and the inhibition of the oscillation state of the oscillator 26 is released.
As a result, the oscillator 26 starts oscillating using the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 22 as a power source when there is a wave.
A voltage is substantially applied to the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 by the oscillation output from the oscillator 26, and the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 is vibrated at a predetermined frequency.
Therefore, also in this case, it is possible to suppress the generation of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed, or to shake off aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae attached by the vibration.
[0026]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained. Further, in the present embodiment, even when there is no wave, in the same manner as in the case where there is a wave, underwater such as shellfish and seaweed can be obtained. The generation of fouling organisms can be suppressed, or the attached aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae can be shaken off by the vibration.
[0027]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment shows an example in which the above-mentioned underwater fouling organism preventing member is applied to a net for shutting off a water area used, for example, at a bay entrance for aquaculture or at an intake of a power plant. . Here, as the underwater fouling organism preventing member, the double structure underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 in the first embodiment is shown, but of course, the triple structure underwater fouling organism prevention in the second embodiment is shown. The same applies to the case of the member 1A.
[0028]
In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes a watershed net formed by knitting the above-described underwater fouling organism preventing member 1. The watershed net 30 is composed of a plurality of piles 31a and piles which are driven at required intervals on the seabed at a cutoff position at a bay entrance. 31b.
Reference numeral 32 denotes a horizontal streak for suspending the water area cutoff net 30. A plurality of floats 33, 33b, 33c are attached to the horizontal streak 32 at intervals of, for example, 10 m.
In addition, a mooring line 34 is provided at the top of the piles 31a and 31b, and a weight 35 is provided at a portion of the watershed network 30 whose lower end is embedded in or in contact with the seabed.
[0029]
Next, the operation will be described.
When the underwater fouling organism-preventing member 1 as a net thread constituting the water-area blocking net 30 is deformed by receiving a force upward or downward due to the wave of seawater or the like, the underwater fouling organism-preventing member 1 changes (stretches and contracts). A voltage is generated in the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 (self-power generation), and the adhesion and generation of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed can be efficiently suppressed by the voltage generated by the self-power generation.
Further, as described above, the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 which is a mesh thread of the watershed network 30 vibrates over the entire length at a frequency of, for example, 0.1 KHz to 1 MHZ by the voltage generated by the self-power generation. , That is, fouling organisms to be attached to the underwater fouling organism prevention member 1 and their spores and larvae can be shaken off.
It is to be noted that a plurality of piles driven into the sea bottom at a required distance from the cutoff position at the bay entrance may be provided with more than two piles, and the sea area blocking network 30 may be stretched over these piles.
[0030]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the net for blocking the water area is constituted by the underwater fouling organism preventing member, and the underwater fouling organism preventing member is configured to generate a voltage by the movement of seawater or water. To prevent the occurrence of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed that adhere to the nets used to block the water area used when partitioning the bay mouth or at the intake of power plants, or due to the vibrations of these aquatic organisms And its spores and larvae can be shaken off.
[0031]
In addition, since the water area blocking net made of the underwater fouling organism preventing member is used, the underwater fouling organism preventing member can be vibrated over the entire line with a current of about 0.01 to several tens mA. For this reason, electrolysis of seawater and the like hardly occurs, and therefore, there is almost no generation of harmful chlorine gas, so that there is almost no effect on cultured fish.
[0032]
Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
The present embodiment shows an example in which the above-described underwater fouling organism preventing member is applied to a protective net used for an intake of a thermal power plant, a nuclear power plant, various factories, or the like.
In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a protection net for preventing ingestion of dirt and aquatic organisms. The protection net 40 is formed by, for example, stretching the underwater fouling organism prevention member 1 shown in FIG. It is. Reference numeral 41 denotes a seawater intake pipe of a power plant or the like 42, and a protection net 40 is provided at an intake 43 of the seawater intake pipe 41.
[0033]
Next, the operation will be described.
When the protective net 43 constituted by the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 receives a force in a certain direction due to the wave of seawater or the like taken into the seawater intake pipe 40, the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 changes (expands and contracts), and this underwater A voltage is generated in the fouling organism preventing member 1 (self-power generation), and by the voltage generated by the self-power generation, the adhesion and generation of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed can be efficiently suppressed.
As described above, the voltage generated by self-power generation causes the underwater fouling organism-preventing member 1 which is the mesh thread of the protection net 43 to vibrate over the entire length thereof at a frequency of, for example, 0.1 KHz to 1 MHZ. A thread, that is, a fouling organism and its spores and larvae that are to adhere to the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1 can be shaken off, or an aquatic organism and its spores and larvae can be prevented from adhering to the underwater fouling organism preventing member 1. Can be.
[0034]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the protection net provided at the intake of the seawater intake pipe is constituted by the underwater fouling organism preventing member, and the underwater fouling organism preventing member generates a voltage by the movement of seawater or water. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed attached to the protective net, or to shake off aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae attached by the vibration.
[0035]
Embodiment 6 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment shows an example in which the above-described underwater fouling organism preventing member is applied to a seawater intake pipe made of PET resin, for example, for a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant.
In the figure, reference numeral 50 denotes a seawater intake pipe of a power plant 51 or the like. The seawater intake pipe 50 has a flexible and conductive material corresponding to the above-described conductive material 12 on the inner wall of a PET resin pipe 52. A conductive material 53 is formed by coating a substance, and a resin corresponding to the material of the piezoelectric body 11 is coated on the inside of the conductive substance 53 and heated to form a piezoelectric body 54. Reference numeral 55 denotes a headrace through which the seawater withdrawn passes.
[0036]
Next, the operation will be described.
When the seawater intake pipe 50 substantially composed of the above-described underwater fouling organism preventing member receives a force in a certain direction due to the wave of seawater or the like taken in, the seawater intake pipe 50 changes (expands and contracts), and the seawater intake pipe 50 changes. A voltage is generated (self-generated) between the conductive material 53 of 50 and the piezoelectric body 54, so that the piezoelectric body 54 provided on the inner wall of the seawater intake pipe 50 vibrates over the entire length and the seawater is taken in. Fouling organisms and their spores and larvae that are to adhere to the inner wall of the pipe 50 can be shaken off.
[0037]
Note that, even when the seawater intake pipe 50 is made of stainless steel, the same configuration as described above can be adopted and the same operation can be performed.
That is, a stainless steel pipe is heated at 250 to 300 ° C., and a resin made of ethylene difluoride and ethylene trifluoride is sprayed on the inner wall of the stainless steel pipe to form a piezoelectric resin layer made of the resin by a powder lining method of melting and heating. Then, a corona discharge is applied to this to form a piezoelectric layer. In this case, the stainless steel pipe corresponds to the above-mentioned conductive substance.
[0038]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the seawater intake pipe is substantially composed of the underwater fouling organism preventing member, and the underwater fouling organism preventing member is configured to generate a voltage by the movement of seawater or water. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed attached to the inner wall of the intake pipe, or to shake off the attached aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae due to the vibration.
[0039]
Embodiment 7 FIG.
In the fourth to sixth embodiments, a configuration is adopted in which a timer or the like as in the third embodiment is provided so that power is supplied at a predetermined voltage or frequency at a predetermined time or season, When the activity of a specific type of fouling organism becomes active, the vibration of a piezoelectric body such as a water-blocking net or a seawater intake pipe may be increased to control the adhesion preventing function to be improved.
[0040]
Embodiment 8 FIG.
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the shape of the underwater fouling organism preventing member has been described as being premised on a cylindrical shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other shapes such as a flat plate shape may be used.
In addition, although the description has been given of the case where the method is implemented for fishing nets used for aquaculture, seawater inlets of thermal power plants or nuclear power plants and their seawater intake pipes, the application is not limited to this, and seawater, brackish water and freshwater With respect to instruments and the like which are immersed or contacted for a long period of time, any equipment whose function is hindered by the adhesion of aquatic organisms can be used to prevent the adhesion of such organisms.
Furthermore, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, a limited reference has been made to the attachment of aquatic organisms. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is also useful for preventing the attachment of non-living matter such as scale.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a flexible conductive material is coated with a piezoelectric material, or a flexible conductive material is provided in a hollow portion of the piezoelectric material to constitute an underwater fouling organism preventing member. Since the voltage is generated according to the movement of the waves, the occurrence of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed is suppressed with a simple and inexpensive configuration without causing any environmental pollution or requiring much labor. Alternatively, the vibration can shake off attached aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae.
[0042]
Further, according to the present invention, since the net or the pipe is constituted by the underwater fouling organism preventing member that generates a voltage according to the movement of the wave, it is simple and inexpensive without causing any environmental pollution or requiring much labor. In the configuration, shells attached to the inner wall of the seawater intake pipe or the protective net provided at the intake of the seawater intake pipe or the seawater intake net used for partitioning the bay entrance for aquaculture or at the intake of the power plant, etc. The generation of underwater fouling organisms such as seaweeds can be suppressed or the attached aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae can be shaken off by the vibration, and the electrolysis of seawater and the like hardly occurs, and therefore harmful. Since there is almost no generation of chlorine gas, there is an effect that there is almost no effect on cultured fish particularly in the case of a net for blocking water areas.
[0043]
According to the present invention, the storage means for storing the voltage generated in accordance with the movement of the wave is provided, and the output from the storage means is supplied to the underwater fouling organism preventing member as a power source when there is no movement of the wave. Even when there is no water, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of underwater fouling organisms such as shellfish and seaweed as in the case where there is a wave, or to shake off aquatic organisms and their spores and larvae attached by the vibration, Moreover, when the activity of a specific type of fouling organism becomes active, the vibration of the piezoelectric body such as a water-blocking net or a seawater intake pipe is increased, and the effect of preventing the adhesion can be further improved. is there.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the principle of self-power generation of the underwater fouling organism preventing member according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,1A Underwater fouling organism prevention member, 11,54 Piezoelectric body, 12,14,53 Conductive substance, 13,15 Sealing member, 21 Diode, 22 Capacitor, 24 Oscillator, 30 Water area cutoff network, 40 Protection net, 50 Seawater Intake pipe.

Claims (5)

導電性物質と、
該導電性物質を被覆する圧電体と
を備え、上記導電性物質と上記圧電体の内少なくとも上記導電性物質に柔軟性を持たせ、波の動きに応じて電圧を発生するようにしたことを特徴とする水中汚損生物防止部材。
A conductive substance;
A piezoelectric body that covers the conductive substance, wherein at least the conductive substance among the conductive substance and the piezoelectric body has flexibility, so that a voltage is generated according to the movement of a wave. Characteristic underwater fouling organism prevention member.
上記圧電体は中空をなし、該圧電体の中空部分に柔軟性を有する上記導電性物質を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の水中汚損生物防止部材。The underwater fouling organism preventing member according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric body is hollow, and the conductive material having flexibility is provided in a hollow portion of the piezoelectric body. 請求項1または2記載の水中汚損生物防止部材で構成された網を備えたことを特徴とする水中設備等の汚損生物の付着防止装置。An apparatus for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities or the like, comprising a net constituted by the underwater fouling organism preventing member according to claim 1. 請求項1または2記載の水中汚損生物防止部材で構成されたパイプを備えたことを特徴とする水中設備等の汚損生物の付着防止装置。An apparatus for preventing fouling organisms, such as underwater facilities, comprising a pipe comprising the underwater fouling organism preventing member according to claim 1. 波の動きに応じて発生する電圧を蓄積する蓄積手段を備え、波の動きがないときに上記蓄積手段からの出力を電源として上記水中汚損生物防止部材に与えるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項3または請求項4記載の水中設備等の汚損生物の付着防止装置。Claims: A storage means for storing a voltage generated in accordance with the movement of a wave, wherein the output from the storage means is supplied to the underwater fouling organism preventing member as a power source when there is no movement of the wave. An apparatus for preventing fouling organisms, such as underwater facilities, according to claim 3 or 4.
JP32390296A 1996-12-04 1996-12-04 Underwater fouling organism prevention members and devices for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities Expired - Fee Related JP3583572B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP32390296A JP3583572B2 (en) 1996-12-04 1996-12-04 Underwater fouling organism prevention members and devices for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP32390296A JP3583572B2 (en) 1996-12-04 1996-12-04 Underwater fouling organism prevention members and devices for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10155391A JPH10155391A (en) 1998-06-16
JP3583572B2 true JP3583572B2 (en) 2004-11-04

Family

ID=18159896

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP32390296A Expired - Fee Related JP3583572B2 (en) 1996-12-04 1996-12-04 Underwater fouling organism prevention members and devices for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3583572B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025009161A1 (en) * 2023-07-06 2025-01-09 炎重工株式会社 Floating body and floating body-type offshore wind power generator

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6133050B2 (en) * 2012-12-18 2017-05-24 古河電気工業株式会社 Stacked power generator
JP6133051B2 (en) * 2012-12-18 2017-05-24 古河電気工業株式会社 Laminated power generator, power generation method of laminated power generator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025009161A1 (en) * 2023-07-06 2025-01-09 炎重工株式会社 Floating body and floating body-type offshore wind power generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH10155391A (en) 1998-06-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Heglund et al. Scaling stride frequency and gait to animal size: mice to horses
US4297394A (en) Piezoelectric polymer antifouling coating and method of use and application
CA2272519C (en) Apparatus and method for inhibiting fouling of an underwater surface
Coombs Smart skins: information processing by lateral line flow sensors
US12326133B2 (en) Systems and methods for energy harvest
US4283461A (en) Piezoelectric polymer antifouling coating
US6547952B1 (en) System for inhibiting fouling of an underwater surface
US6173669B1 (en) Apparatus and method for inhibiting fouling of an underwater surface
CA2821050C (en) Predator deterrent
JP3583572B2 (en) Underwater fouling organism prevention members and devices for preventing fouling organisms from adhering to underwater facilities
WO1995003691A1 (en) Lure
JP6582307B2 (en) Apparatus for repelling organisms that cause human damage or food damage such as moths inhabiting underwater and method of using the same
Trager et al. Foraging to the rhythm of ocean waves: porcelain crabs and barnacles synchronize feeding motions with flow oscillations
JPH09275882A (en) Adhesion-proofing system for organism spoiling underwater equipment or the like
McGovern et al. Fast bender actuators for fish-like aquatic robots
KR101734646B1 (en) Capsule-shaped Piezoelectric Generator using difference of elevation of wave
JP2733778B2 (en) Ultrasonic alga net
JP6635494B2 (en) Aquatic organism jump-out prevention device
AU2020207080A1 (en) Device for repelling aquatic organisms that cause human casualties or feeding damage such as sharks, and method for using device
JP7291364B1 (en) Electronic device and electric field barrier forming device
US20220053753A1 (en) A Device for Repelling Aquatic Organisms that cause Human Harm or Feeding Damage and Method for Using the Device
JP6429178B2 (en) Aquatic organism adhesion reduction member and aquatic organism adhesion reduction method
JP3591692B2 (en) Method and apparatus for controlling aquatic organisms and judging aquatic organism adhesion state
CN119785549A (en) A bionic pulse matrix underwater intelligent security device, security system and method
WO1998038082A1 (en) Preventing deposition of fouling larvae on a ship's hull

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20040727

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20040729

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees