JP3584015B2 - Finish rolling method for steel bars and wire rods - Google Patents
Finish rolling method for steel bars and wire rods Download PDFInfo
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- JP3584015B2 JP3584015B2 JP2001227566A JP2001227566A JP3584015B2 JP 3584015 B2 JP3584015 B2 JP 3584015B2 JP 2001227566 A JP2001227566 A JP 2001227566A JP 2001227566 A JP2001227566 A JP 2001227566A JP 3584015 B2 JP3584015 B2 JP 3584015B2
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 205
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102200082816 rs34868397 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法に関し、詳しくは、3ロール圧延機を用いた断面形状が円形の棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法に関する。更に詳しくは、オーステナイト結晶粒の局部的な粗大化、つまり混粒化を防止するとともに、高い寸法精度で噛み出しを生ずることもなく、断面形状が円形の棒鋼及び線材を得る仕上げ圧延方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
熱間圧延された棒鋼及び線材は、通常、軟化焼鈍や球状化焼鈍を受け、更にその後冷間鍛造、冷間抽伸や切削などの加工によって所定の寸法に成形されることが多い。
【0003】
したがって、近年、上記の工程の省略や材料歩留りの向上を目的に、寸法公差が±0.20mm以内の所謂「精密圧延材」に対する要求が極めて大きくなっている。なお、ここでいう寸法公差とは、製品公称直径に対し許容できる上下限の範囲を意味する。
【0004】
精密圧延材は、一般に、製品サイズ毎に圧延機のロールを組替えた3ロール圧延機や4ロール圧延機を仕上げ圧延機に用いて製造されてきた。しかし、種々のサイズの精密圧延材の需要が増加しているなかで、各サイズ毎にロールを組替えることは、生産性の低下につながる。更に、ロール数が増加することで資材費や整備費が増加してコストも嵩んでしまう。そのため、製品サイズ毎にロール組替えを行わなくても精密圧延材を圧延することが可能な技術が待望されている。
【0005】
生産性の向上やコストの低減を目的に、製品サイズに合わせたロール組替えを必要としない所謂「フリーサイズ圧延」に関する技術が、例えば、特開平7−265904号公報に開示されている。この公報で提案された「棒線材のフリーサイズ圧延方法」は、円形素材から3パスの3ロール圧延機で棒線材を仕上げる際に、「1パス目のロールカリバー(ロール孔型)を素材の円の直径と同一以上の円弧、又は直線と適当な逃がしとを配した形状とし、2パス目及び3パス目のロールカリバーを素材の円の直径に対し95%ないし同一の直径の円弧と適当な逃がしとを配した形状とする」ことで、素材直径ないし素材直径の80%の範囲内でフリーサイズ圧延をする技術である。この方法によれば、確かに素材直径の80%の範囲内でのフリーサイズ圧延を行うことは可能であるものの、必ずしも結晶粒の粗大化に対する配慮がなされた技術ではないため、圧延の条件によっては結晶粒の粗大化が生ずることがあった。更に、仕上げ圧延機群に入る素材の直径を基に3パスのカリバー形状を決定しているため、寸法公差が±0.20mm以内の精密圧延が困難な場合もあった。
【0006】
一方、結晶粒の粗大化を生じない技術としては、特開平4−371301号公報に「条鋼の精密圧延方法」が開示されている。この公報で提案された方法は、「低減面率圧延の前に減面率が10%以上の通常減面率圧延を行い、前記通常減面率圧延による歪エネルギが保持されているうちに(つまり、通常減面率圧延後0.2秒以内に)減面率が10%未満の低減面率圧延を行う」ことで結晶粒の粗大化を防止しようとする技術である。この方法によれば、結晶粒の粗大化は防止できるるものの、必ずしもロール孔型に対する配慮がなされた技術ではないため、圧延の条件によっては製品サイズ毎にロール組替えをしなければ「精密圧延」できないことがあった。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記現状に鑑みなされたもので、その目的は、製品サイズ毎にロール組替えを行わなくても、噛み出しを生ずることなく寸法公差が±0.20mm以内の所謂「精密圧延材」を得ることができて、しかも結晶粒の局部的な粗大化、つまり混粒化を防止することが可能な、断面形状が円形の棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の要旨は、下記(1)及び(2)に示す棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法にある。
【0009】
(1)仕上げ圧延機群に3本のロールの軸線延長が垂直面内で形成する正三角形の傾きを60°違えて配置させた3ロール圧延機をn台用いる、断面形状が円形の棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法であって、上流側から(n−1)台目及びn台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状を、それぞれ製品公称直径に対して1.0〜1.2倍の直径の円弧と角度5〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状とするとともに、前記n台の3ロール圧延機の圧下を独立して選択し、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率を30%以上、各3ロール圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間を1秒以下として圧延することを特徴とする棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法。ここで、nは4以上の整数である。
【0010】
(2)仕上げ圧延機群に3本のロールの軸線延長が垂直面内で形成する正三角形の傾きを60°違えて配置させたm台の3ロール圧延機と、前記m台の3ロール圧延機の上流側に位置する1台以上の2ロール圧延機と1台以上の4ロール圧延機のいずれか一方又は双方とを用いる、断面形状が円形の棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法であって、上流側から(m−1)台目及びm台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状を、それぞれ製品公称直径に対して1.0〜1.2倍の直径の円弧と角度5〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状とし、仕上げ圧延機群の圧延機における圧下をそれぞれ独立して選択し、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率を30%以上、仕上げ圧延機群における各圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間を1秒以下として圧延することを特徴とする棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法。ここで、mは3以上の整数である。
【0011】
なお、「角度5〜40゜での逃がしを配する」とは「噛み出し」防止等のために図1に示すように、隣接する孔型間の中心線に対して角度θが5〜40゜の範囲で孔型円弧を逃がすことをいう。ここで、図1(a)、同図(b)、同図(c)はそれぞれ3ロール圧延機、2ロール圧延機及び4ロール圧延機のロール孔型を示すもので、角度φの部分の孔型形状は単一直径の円弧からなり、角度θの「逃がし」の部分の孔型形状は上記角度φの部分の円弧より直径の大きな単一又は複数の円弧又は/及び直線からなるものである。
【0012】
圧延機の圧下を独立して選択するには、例えば各圧延機ごとに圧下のための圧延ロールギャップと周速とを決定すればよい。
【0013】
2ロール圧延機は、これを複数台用いる場合には、2本のロールの軸線延長が垂直面内で形成する直線の傾きを90°違えて配置させた2ロール圧延機群とするのがよい。
【0014】
又、4ロール圧延機は、これを複数台用いる場合には、4本のロールの軸線延長が垂直面内で形成する正方形の傾きを45°違えて配置させた4ロール圧延機群とするのがよい。
【0015】
2ロール圧延機と4ロール圧延機の双方を用いる場合、その配置は特に限定しなくてもよい。但し、2ロール圧延機を複数台用いる場合には、2本のロールの軸線延長が垂直面内で形成する直線の傾きを90°違えて2ロール圧延機同士を連続で配置するのがよく、4ロール圧延機を複数台用いる場合にも、4本のロールの軸線延長が垂直面内で形成する正方形の傾きを45°違えて4ロール圧延機同士を連続で配置するのがよい。
【0016】
以下、上記の(1)、(2)に記載のものをそれぞれ(1)の発明、(2)の発明ということがある。
【0017】
本発明者らは、製品サイズ毎にロール組替えを行わなくても噛み出しを生ずることなく精密圧延材を得ることができ、しかも結晶粒の局部的な粗大化、つまり混粒化を防止することが可能な断面形状が円形の棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法に関し、最下流側に3ロール圧延機を用いて種々の検討を重ねた。その結果、下記の知見を得た。
【0018】
(a)最終製品の寸法精度は、最も下流の3ロール圧延機及びその1つ手前の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状により決定される。
【0019】
(b)上記(a)から精密圧延のためには、最も下流の3ロール圧延機及びその1つ手前の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状を、製品公称直径と同一の直径の円弧とすることが望ましい。
【0020】
(c)製品サイズ毎にロール組替えを行わなくてもよい、すなわちフリーサイズ圧延を行うためには、最も下流の3ロール圧延機及びその1つ手前の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状を、製品公称直径に対してある程度余裕のある直径の円弧としておけばよい。
【0021】
(d)結晶粒の局部的な粗大化、つまり混粒化の防止は、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率及び、仕上げ圧延機群における各圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間を適正化することで達成できる。
【0022】
なお、本明細書でいう「混粒」とは、結晶粒度番号で3以上異なった結晶粒が存在することを指す。
【0023】
本発明は、上記の知見に基づいて完成されたものである。
【0024】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の各要件について詳しく説明する。
【0025】
図2に製品と孔型形状との関係を示すように、最終製品の寸法精度は、最も下流の3ロール圧延機及びその1つ手前の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状により決定される。なお、図2は仕上げ圧延機群における3ロール圧延機がn台の場合の図で、同図(a)は公称直径がDの製品、(b)は最も下流となる上流側からn台目の3ロール圧延機の直径がD(n)のロール孔型、(c)は上流側から(n−1)台目の3ロール圧延機の直径がD(n−1)のロール孔型である。
【0026】
この図2からも明らかなように、極めて精密な圧延を行うためには、最も下流の3ロール圧延機及びその1つ手前の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状を、製品の公称直径と同一の直径の円弧とすることが望ましい。しかし、上記2台の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状を、製品の公称直径と同一の直径の円弧とした場合には、製品サイズ毎にロール組替えを行う必要が生ずる。そこで、本発明においては、製品サイズ毎にロール組替えを行わなくてもよいように、すなわちフリーサイズ圧延が可能となるように、最も下流の3ロール圧延機及びその1つ手前の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状を、すなわち、nを4以上の整数として仕上げ圧延機群にn台の3ロール圧延機を用いる場合には、上流からn台目及び(n−1)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状を、又、mを3以上の整数として仕上げ圧延機群にm台の3ロール圧延機と、1台以上の2ロール圧延機と1台以上の4ロール圧延機のいずれか一方又は双方とを用いる場合には、上流からm台目及び(m−1)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状を、製品公称直径に対して1.0〜1.2倍の直径の円弧と角度5〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状の余裕を持たせたものとした。
【0027】
前記した各3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状が製品公称直径に対して1.0倍未満の場合には、寸法公差の「−0.20mm」を外れる(すなわち、製品公称直径に対し許容できる下限値を外れる)ことがあり、一方、1.2倍を超える場合には、寸法公差の「+0.20mm」を外れる(すなわち、製品公称直径に対し許容できる上限値を外れる)ことがある。又、図1に示すような逃がしの角度(以下、逃げ角ということもある)θが5゜未満の場合には「噛み出し」を生ずることがあり、一方、θが40゜を超えると寸法公差外れをきたすことがある。
【0028】
したがって、本発明においては、前記2台の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状を、それぞれ製品公称直径に対して1.0〜1.2倍の直径の円弧と角度5〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状に規定した。
【0029】
本発明においては、更に、仕上げ圧延機群の圧延機における圧下をそれぞれ独立して選択し、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率を30%以上、仕上げ圧延機群における各圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間を1秒以下とする。
【0030】
先ず、仕上げ圧延機群の圧延機における圧下をそれぞれ独立して選択するのは、各圧延機での圧延によって発生する張力変化が解消できるからである。仕上げ圧延機群の圧延機における圧下をそれぞれ独立して選択するためには、例えば各圧延機ごとに圧下のための圧延ロールギャップと周速とを決定すればよい。
【0031】
次に、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率を30%以上で、しかも仕上げ圧延機群における各圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間を1秒以下とするのは、この場合に初めて、結晶粒の局部的な粗大化、つまり混粒化を防止することができるからである。すなわち、「仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率が30%以上」と「仕上げ圧延機群における各圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間を1秒以下」のいずれか一方でも満足できなければ、混粒を生じてしまう。仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率は30%以上でありさえすればよく、その上限は特に規定しなくてもよいが、設備コストの面からは95%程度を上限とするのがよく、90%程度を上限とすれば一層よい。ここで、仕上げ圧延機群に単に3台の3ロール圧延機を用いるだけでは、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率を30%以上とすることが極めて困難である。したがって、本発明においては、nを4以上の整数として仕上げ圧延機群にn台の3ロール圧延機を用いることとするか、又は、mを3以上の整数として仕上げ圧延機群にm台の3ロール圧延機と、1台以上の2ロール圧延機と1台以上の4ロール圧延機のいずれか一方又は双方とを用いることとした。なお、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率は37%を超えることが好ましい。
【0032】
仕上げ圧延機群における各圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間は1秒以下でありさえすればよく、その下限は特に規定しなくてもよいが、工業的規模での生産設備面からは0.01秒程度が下限となる。
【0033】
本発明においては、仕上げ圧延機群にx台の3ロール圧延機(但し、xは3以上の整数)を用いる場合、上流側から(x−2)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状は、大きな減面率を確保できて以降の圧延機で噛み出しを生じず、更にフリーサイズ圧延が容易となるように、製品公称直径に対して1.0〜3.0倍の直径の円弧と角度0〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状とすることが好ましい。
【0034】
又、仕上げ圧延機群にy台の3ロール圧延機(但し、yは4以上の整数)を用いる場合、上流側から(y−3)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状は、大きな減面率を確保でき、更にフリーサイズ圧延が容易となるように、製品公称直径に対して1.0倍以上の直径の円弧と角度0〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状とすることが好ましい。
【0035】
ここで、角度が0゜の逃がし(つまり、逃げ角が0゜)とは逃がしを設けないことを意味する。
【0036】
なお、図3に、上流側から(y−3)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状が、製品公称直径に対して無限大の直径の円弧と角度0゜での逃がしとを配した形状、すなわち、直線である場合を示す。
【0037】
仕上げ圧延機群に用いる2ロール圧延機のロール孔型は、製品公称直径に対して1.0〜1.5倍の直径の円弧と角度5〜20゜での逃がしとを配した形状とするのがよい。又、仕上げ圧延機群に用いる4ロール圧延機のロール孔型は、製品公称直径に対して1.0〜3.0倍の直径の円弧と角度0〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状とするのがよい。
【0038】
以下、実施例により本発明を詳しく説明する。
【0039】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
表1に示すJISのS45C相当の化学組成を有する鋼片を1000〜1250℃に加熱してから、1200〜900℃の温度で直径(製品公称直径)が13.0mm、19.0mm及び34.0mmの丸棒に熱間圧延した。なお、仕上げ圧延機群には3本のロールの軸線延長が垂直面内で形成する正三角形の傾きを60°違えて配置させた3ロール圧延機を4台又は7台用い、すなわち、(1)の発明においてn=4又はn=7とし、前記各3ロール圧延機ごとに圧下のための圧延ロールギャップと周速とを決定して仕上げ圧延を行った。
【0040】
【表1】
【0041】
表2に、製品公称直径、仕上げ圧延機群に入る前の被圧延材の直径(mm)、仕上げ圧延機群で用いた3ロール圧延機数、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率、仕上げ圧延機群における各3ロール圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間及び上流側から(n−3)台目〜n台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状(つまり、最も下流の3ロール圧延機からその3つ手前までの3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状)をまとめて示す。なお、表2において、Dは製品の公称直径、D(n)、D(n−1)、D(n−2)及びD(n−3)はそれぞれ上流側からn台目、(n−1)台目、(n−2)台目及び(n−3)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の直径を表す。ここで、上流側から(n−3)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型に関し、「D(n−3)/D」の値が無限大(∞)で逃げ角が0゜とは、既に述べたようにロール孔型形状が直線であることを意味する。
【0042】
【表2】
【0043】
仕上げ圧延後、直径(製品公称直径)が13.0mm、19.0mm及び34.0mmの丸棒について、目視又は磁粉探傷装置によって噛み出しの有無をチェックするとともに、マイクロメータを用いて偏径差、すなわち、同一断面における直径の最大値と最小値との差を測定した。偏径差が0.40mm以下の場合、目標とする寸法公差で±0.20mm以内の精密圧延が達成されたことになる。
【0044】
更に、前記各サイズの丸棒は、圧延方向に平行にその中心線を通る面で縦に切断し、縦断面を通常の方法で光学顕微鏡観察してオーステナイト結晶粒の局部的な粗大化、すなわち結晶粒度番号で3以上の差の生ずる混粒発生の状況を調査した。
【0045】
表3に、上記各調査結果をまとめて示す。なお、表3の「結晶粒粗大化」の欄において、「○」は結晶粒度番号の差が2未満であったことを、「△」は結晶粒度番号の差が2以上で3未満であったことを、「×」は結晶粒度番号の差が3以上で混粒の発生があったことを示す。
【0046】
【表3】
【0047】
表3から、(1)の発明に係る方法で仕上げ圧延した試験番号1、5、7、11、13、17及び18の場合には、噛み出しがなく偏径差は0.40mm以下で、寸法公差±0.20mmの精密圧延を満足でき、しかも、結晶粒の局部的な粗大化が発生しないことが明らかである。又、(n−2)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の直径を製品公称直径に対して1.0〜3.0倍の直径の円弧と角度0〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状としたり、(n−3)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の直径を製品公称直径に対して1.0倍以上の直径の円弧と角度0〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状とすることで、フリーサイズ圧延にも容易に対応できることが明らかである。
【0048】
これに対して、(1)の発明の規定から外れた方法で仕上げ圧延した試験番号2〜4、6、8〜10、12、14〜16及び19の場合には、▲1▼噛み出しが生じる、▲2▼偏径差が0.40mmを超える(すなわち、寸法公差が±0.20mmを超える)、▲3▼結晶粒度番号の差が3以上で混粒の発生があった(すなわち、結晶粒の局部的な粗大化が生ずる)のいずれかに該当している。
【0049】
(実施例2)
表4に示すJISのS45C相当の化学組成を有する鋼片を1000〜1250℃に加熱してから、1200〜900℃の温度で直径(製品公称直径)が13.0mm、19.0mm及び34.0mmの丸棒に熱間圧延した。なお、仕上げ圧延機群には3本のロールの軸線延長が垂直面内で形成する正三角形の傾きを60°違えて配置させた3台の3ロール圧延機と1台の2ロール圧延機とを用い、すなわち、(2)の発明においてm=3とし、前記の各圧延機ごとに圧下のための圧延ロールギャップと周速とを決定して仕上げ圧延を行った。
【0050】
【表4】
【0051】
表5に、製品公称直径、仕上げ圧延機群に入る前の被圧延材の直径(mm)、仕上げ圧延機群で用いた3ロール圧延機数、仕上げ圧延機群における総減面率、仕上げ圧延機群における各圧延機間の被圧延材の通過時間及び、2ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状と、上流側から(m−2)台目〜m台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状(つまり、最も下流の3ロール圧延機からその2つ手前までの3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の形状)をまとめて示す。なお、表5において、Dは製品の公称直径、d2は2ロール圧延機のロール孔型の直径、D(m)、D(m−1)及びD(m−2)はそれぞれ上流側からm台目、(m−1)台目及び(m−2)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の直径を表す。
【0052】
【表5】
【0053】
仕上げ圧延後、直径(製品公称直径)が13.0mm、19.0mm及び34.0mmの丸棒について、目視又は磁粉探傷装置によって噛み出しの有無をチェックするとともに、マイクロメータを用いて偏径差、すなわち、同一断面における直径の最大値と最小値との差を測定した。既に述べたように、偏径差が0.40mm以下の場合、目標とする寸法公差で±0.20mm以内の精密圧延が達成されたことになる。
【0054】
更に、前記各サイズの丸棒は、圧延方向に平行にその中心線を通る面で縦に切断し、縦断面を通常の方法で光学顕微鏡観察してオーステナイト結晶粒の局部的な粗大化、すなわち結晶粒度番号で3以上の差の生ずる混粒発生の状況を調査した。
【0055】
表6に、上記各調査結果をまとめて示す。なお、表3の場合と同様に、表6の「結晶粒粗大化」の欄における「○」、「△」、「×」の記号もそれぞれ結晶粒度番号の差が2未満であったこと、結晶粒度番号の差が2以上で3未満であったこと、結晶粒度番号の差が3以上で混粒の発生があったことを示す。
【0056】
【表6】
【0057】
表6から、(2)の発明に係る方法で仕上げ圧延した試験番号20、24、26、30、32、36及び37の場合には、噛み出しがなく偏径差は0.40mm以下で、寸法公差±0.20mmの精密圧延を満足でき、しかも、結晶粒の局部的な粗大化が発生しないことが明らかである。又、(m−2)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の直径を製品公称直径に対して1.0〜3.0倍の直径の円弧と角度0〜40゜での逃がしとを配した形状とすることで、フリーサイズ圧延にも容易に対応できることが明らかである。
【0058】
これに対して、(2)の発明の規定から外れた方法で仕上げ圧延した試験番号21〜23、25、27〜29、31、33〜35及び38の場合には、▲1▼噛み出しが生じる、▲2▼偏径差が0.40mmを超える(すなわち、寸法公差が±0.20mmを超える)、▲3▼結晶粒度番号の差が3以上で混粒の発生があった(すなわち、結晶粒の局部的な粗大化が生ずる)のいずれかに該当している。
【0059】
【発明の効果】
本発明の棒鋼及び線材の仕上げ圧延方法によれば、製品サイズ毎にロール組替えを行わなくても、噛み出しを生ずることなく寸法公差が±0.20mm以内の所謂「精密圧延材」を得ることができて、しかも結晶粒の局部的な粗大化、つまり混粒化を防止することが可能であるので産業上の効果は大きい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】ロール孔型形状の「逃がし」について説明する図であり、(a)は3ロール圧延機の場合、(b)は2ロール圧延機の場合、(c)は4ロール圧延機の場合である。
【図2】製品と3ロール圧延機孔型形状との関係を示す図で、(a)は公称直径がDの製品、(b)は最も下流の上流側からn台目の3ロール圧延機の直径がD(n)のロール孔型、(c)は上流側から(n−1)台目の3ロール圧延機の直径がD(n−1)のロール孔型である。
【図3】3ロール圧延機のロール孔型形状が、製品公称直径に対して無限大の直径の円弧と角度0゜での逃がしとを配した形状、すなわち、直線である場合を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
D:製品の公称直径、
D(n):上流側からn台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の直径、
D(n−1):(n−1)台目の3ロール圧延機のロール孔型の直径、
θ:逃がしの角度。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a finish rolling method for a bar and a wire, and more particularly, to a finish rolling method for a bar and a wire having a circular cross section using a three-roll rolling mill. More specifically, the present invention relates to a finish rolling method for preventing a local coarsening of austenite crystal grains, that is, agglomeration, and for obtaining a bar and a wire having a circular cross-sectional shape without causing biting with high dimensional accuracy.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The hot-rolled steel bar and wire are usually subjected to softening annealing or spheroidizing annealing, and then formed into predetermined dimensions by cold forging, cold drawing or cutting.
[0003]
Therefore, in recent years, there has been a great demand for a so-called “precision rolled material” having a dimensional tolerance within ± 0.20 mm for the purpose of omitting the above steps and improving the material yield. In addition, the dimensional tolerance here means the range of the upper and lower limits allowable with respect to a product nominal diameter.
[0004]
Precision rolled materials have been generally manufactured using a three-roll rolling mill or a four-roll rolling mill in which the rolls of a rolling mill are changed for each product size, as a finishing mill. However, while demand for precision rolled materials of various sizes is increasing, changing the rolls for each size leads to a decrease in productivity. Further, as the number of rolls increases, material costs and maintenance costs increase, and the costs also increase. Therefore, a technology that can roll a precision-rolled material without changing the roll for each product size has been desired.
[0005]
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-265904 discloses a technique related to so-called “free size rolling” that does not require roll change according to the product size for the purpose of improving productivity and reducing costs. The “free-size rolling method for rods and wires” proposed in this publication is based on the concept of “rolling a roll caliber (roll hole type) in the first pass” into a circle of a material when finishing the rods with a three-pass three-roll rolling mill from a circular material. The diameter of the roll caliber in the second pass and the third pass should be an arc of 95% or more of the diameter of the material circle. This is a technique of performing free size rolling within the range of the material diameter or 80% of the material diameter by forming a shape having relief. According to this method, although it is possible to perform free size rolling within a range of 80% of the material diameter, it is not necessarily a technique that takes into account the coarsening of crystal grains. Crystal grains may be coarsened. Furthermore, since the caliber shape of three passes is determined based on the diameter of the material entering the finishing mill group, precision rolling with a dimensional tolerance of within ± 0.20 mm was sometimes difficult.
[0006]
On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-371301 discloses a "precision rolling method for strip steel" as a technique for preventing the crystal grains from becoming coarse. The method proposed in this publication discloses that “normal area reduction rolling with a reduction area of 10% or more is performed before reduction area reduction rolling, and while the strain energy due to the normal area reduction rolling is maintained ( In other words, the reduction area rolling is usually performed such that the reduction area is less than 10% (within 0.2 seconds after the reduction area rolling), thereby preventing the crystal grains from becoming coarse. According to this method, although coarsening of crystal grains can be prevented, it is not necessarily a technique that takes care of the roll hole shape, so depending on the rolling conditions, if the rolls are not changed for each product size, "precision rolling" There was something I couldn't do.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned situation, and its purpose is to perform so-called “precision rolled material” having a dimensional tolerance of ± 0.20 mm or less without causing a bite without changing the roll for each product size. And to provide a finish rolling method for a rod and a rod having a circular cross section, which can prevent the local coarsening of crystal grains, that is, the mixture of grains.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention is a method for finish rolling a steel bar and a wire rod as shown in the following (1) and (2).
[0009]
(1) n-roll rolling mills in which three rolls are arranged in the finishing rolling mill group in which the inclination of an equilateral triangle formed by extending three rolls in a vertical plane are different from each other by 60 °; A finish rolling method for a wire rod, wherein a roll hole shape of a (n-1) th and nth 3 roll rolling mills from an upstream side is 1.0 to 1.2 times a product nominal diameter, respectively. And a relief having an angle of 5 to 40 ° is arranged, and the rolling reduction of the n three-roll rolling mills is independently selected to reduce the total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group by 30. %, Wherein the passing time of the material to be rolled between the three roll rolling mills is 1 second or less, and the rolling is performed. Here, n is an integer of 4 or more.
[0010]
(2) m three-roll rolling mills in which the rolls of the three rolls are arranged in the finishing rolling mill group so that the inclination of the equilateral triangle formed in the vertical plane is different by 60 °, and the m three-roll rolling mills Using one or more of one or more two-roll rolling mills and / or one or more four-roll rolling mills located on the upstream side of the mill, the cross-sectional shape is a finish rolling method for steel bars and wires, From the upstream side, the roll hole shape of the (m-1) th and mth three-roll rolling mills is set to an arc having a diameter of 1.0 to 1.2 times the nominal product diameter and an angle of 5 to 40, respectively.逃 The shape of the relief rolls is arranged, and the rolling reduction in the rolling mills in the finishing rolling mill group is independently selected. The total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group is 30% or more. The rolling time is set at 1 second or less during rolling. Finish rolling method of steel bars and wire rods to. Here, m is an integer of 3 or more.
[0011]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, “distributing the relief at an angle of 5 to 40 °” means that the angle θ is 5 to 40 with respect to the center line between adjacent hole molds, as shown in FIG. This means that the hole-shaped arc is released in the range of ゜. Here, FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), and 1 (c) show roll hole shapes of a 3-roll rolling mill, a 2-roll rolling mill, and a 4-roll rolling mill, respectively. The hole shape is formed of a single-diameter arc, and the hole shape at the "relief" portion of the angle θ is formed of one or more arcs or / and straight lines having a larger diameter than the arc of the angle φ. is there.
[0012]
In order to independently select the reduction of the rolling mill, for example, the rolling roll gap and the peripheral speed for reduction may be determined for each rolling mill.
[0013]
When a plurality of the two-roll rolling mills are used, the two-roll rolling mill group is preferably a group of two-roll rolling mills in which the axes of the two rolls are arranged so that the inclination of a straight line formed in a vertical plane is different by 90 °. .
[0014]
When a plurality of four-roll rolling mills are used, a four-roll rolling mill group in which the axes of the four rolls are arranged so that the inclination of the square formed in the vertical plane is different from that of the square by 45 °. Is good.
[0015]
When using both a two-roll rolling mill and a four-roll rolling mill, the arrangement does not need to be particularly limited. However, when a plurality of two-roll rolling mills are used, it is preferable to arrange the two-roll rolling mills continuously by changing the inclination of a straight line formed by extending the axis of the two rolls in a vertical plane by 90 °, Even when a plurality of four-roll rolling mills are used, it is preferable to arrange the four-roll rolling mills continuously by changing the inclination of the square formed by the extension of the four rolls in the vertical plane by 45 °.
[0016]
Hereinafter, those described in the above (1) and (2) may be referred to as the invention of (1) and the invention of (2), respectively.
[0017]
The present inventors can obtain a precision-rolled material without causing biting without performing roll change for each product size, and furthermore, prevent local coarsening of crystal grains, that is, prevention of mixing. Various studies were conducted on a finish rolling method for a bar and a wire rod having a circular cross-sectional shape by using a three-roll rolling mill at the most downstream side. As a result, the following findings were obtained.
[0018]
(A) The dimensional accuracy of the final product is determined by the roll hole shape of the most downstream three-roll mill and the immediately preceding three-roll mill.
[0019]
(B) From (a) above, for precision rolling, the shape of the roll hole shape of the most downstream three-roll rolling mill and the immediately preceding three-roll rolling mill is changed to an arc having the same diameter as the product nominal diameter. It is desirable to do.
[0020]
(C) It is not necessary to change the rolls for each product size, that is, in order to perform free size rolling, the shape of the roll hole die of the most downstream three-roll rolling mill and the one before the three-roll rolling mill is determined by: An arc having a diameter having a certain margin with respect to the product nominal diameter may be used.
[0021]
(D) Preventing the local coarsening of crystal grains, that is, the prevention of coagulation, by optimizing the total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group and the passage time of the material to be rolled between each rolling mill in the finishing rolling mill group. Can be achieved.
[0022]
The term “mixed grains” as used in the present specification indicates that there are crystal grains having three or more different crystal grain numbers.
[0023]
The present invention has been completed based on the above findings.
[0024]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, each requirement of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 2, the relationship between the product and the groove shape is determined by the dimensional accuracy of the final product based on the roll hole shape of the most downstream three-roll mill and the three-roll mill immediately before the three-roll mill. FIG. 2 is a diagram in a case where the number of three-roll rolling mills in the finishing rolling mill group is n. FIG. 2 (a) is a product having a nominal diameter of D, and FIG. 2 (b) is the nth rolling mill from the most downstream upstream side. (C) is a (n-1) th three-roll rolling mill from the upstream side having a diameter of D (n-1), and a three-roll rolling mill having a diameter of D (n-1). is there.
[0026]
As is clear from FIG. 2, in order to perform extremely precise rolling, the shape of the roll hole shape of the most downstream three-roll rolling mill and the immediately preceding three-roll rolling mill is changed to the nominal diameter of the product and It is desirable that the arcs have the same diameter. However, if the shape of the roll hole shape of the two three-roll rolling mills is an arc having the same diameter as the nominal diameter of the product, it is necessary to change the roll for each product size. Therefore, in the present invention, the rearmost three-roll rolling mill and the three-roll rolling mill immediately before the three-roll rolling mill are arranged so that the roll change does not have to be performed for each product size, that is, so that free size rolling can be performed. In the case where the number of roll rolls is n, ie, n is an integer of 4 or more, and n finishing roll mills use n three-roll rolling mills, the n-th and (n-1) th three rolls from the upstream are used. In the finishing rolling mill group, m rolls of three rolls, one roll of two or more rolls, and one or more rolls of one or more rolls are formed in a group of finish rolling mills, where m is an integer of 3 or more. When using one or both of the above, the shape of the roll hole type of the m-th and (m-1) th 3-roll rolling mills from the upstream is set to 1.0 to 1 with respect to the product nominal diameter. .Arrange an arc of double diameter and relief at an angle of 5-40 ° Was assumed that a margin of shape.
[0027]
When the shape of the roll die of each of the three-roll rolling mills described above is less than 1.0 times the nominal product diameter, the dimensional tolerance deviates from “−0.20 mm” (that is, the allowable tolerance for the nominal product diameter). If it exceeds 1.2 times, it may be out of the dimensional tolerance “+0.20 mm” (ie, it may be out of the allowable upper limit for the nominal product diameter). . When the angle of release (hereinafter, also referred to as a clearance angle) θ as shown in FIG. 1 is less than 5 °, “biting out” may occur. On the other hand, when θ exceeds 40 °, the size may decrease. It may be out of tolerance.
[0028]
Therefore, in the present invention, the shapes of the roll holes of the two three-roll rolling mills are each formed by an arc having a diameter of 1.0 to 1.2 times the nominal product diameter and an angle of 5 to 40 °. The shape is provided with relief.
[0029]
In the present invention, further, the rolling reduction in the rolling mills of the finishing rolling mill group is independently selected, the total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group is 30% or more, and the rolling between the rolling mills in the finishing rolling mill group is performed. The passage time of the material is set to 1 second or less.
[0030]
First, the rolling reduction in the rolling mills of the finishing rolling mill group is independently selected because the change in tension caused by rolling in each rolling mill can be eliminated. In order to independently select the reduction in the rolling mills of the finishing mill group, for example, the rolling roll gap and the peripheral speed for the reduction may be determined for each rolling mill.
[0031]
Next, it is the first time in this case that the total reduction of area in the finishing rolling mill group is 30% or more and the passage time of the material to be rolled between each rolling mill in the finishing rolling mill group is 1 second or less. This is because local coarsening of grains, that is, mixing of grains can be prevented. That is, if either one of “the total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group is 30% or more” and “the passing time of the material to be rolled between the rolling mills in the finishing rolling mill group is 1 second or less” is not satisfied, Mixed grains will result. The total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group is only required to be 30% or more, and the upper limit is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of equipment cost, the upper limit is preferably about 95%. % Is better if the upper limit is about%. Here, it is extremely difficult to make the total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group 30% or more by simply using three 3-roll rolling mills in the finishing rolling mill group. Therefore, in the present invention, n three-roll rolling mills are used in the finishing rolling mill group with n being an integer of 4 or more, or m finishing rolling mill groups are used with m being an integer of 3 or more. One or both of a three-roll rolling mill, one or more two-roll rolling mills, and one or more four-roll rolling mills are used. In addition, it is preferable that the total area reduction rate in the finishing mill group exceeds 37%.
[0032]
The passage time of the material to be rolled between the rolling mills in the finishing rolling mill group is only required to be 1 second or less, and the lower limit thereof is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of production equipment on an industrial scale, it is zero. The lower limit is about 0.01 seconds.
[0033]
In the present invention, when x three roll mills (where x is an integer of 3 or more) are used for the finishing mill group, the roll hole shape of the (x-2) th three roll mill from the upstream side is used. The shape is a circular arc having a diameter of 1.0 to 3.0 times the nominal diameter of the product so that a large area reduction rate can be ensured, no entanglement occurs in a subsequent rolling mill, and further, free size rolling is facilitated. And a relief at an angle of 0 to 40 °.
[0034]
Further, in the case where y three-roll rolling mills (where y is an integer of 4 or more) are used for the finishing rolling mill group, the roll hole shape of the (y-3) th three-roll rolling mill from the upstream side is: In order to secure a large area reduction rate and facilitate free size rolling, the shape should be an arc with a diameter of at least 1.0 times the nominal diameter of the product and a relief at an angle of 0 to 40 °. Is preferred.
[0035]
Here, the relief at an angle of 0 ° (that is, a relief angle of 0 °) means that no relief is provided.
[0036]
In FIG. 3, the roll-hole shape of the (y-3) th three-roll rolling mill from the upstream side has an arc having an infinite diameter relative to the product nominal diameter and a relief at an angle of 0 °. This shows a case where the shape is a straight line, that is, a straight line.
[0037]
The roll hole shape of the two-roll rolling mill used for the finishing rolling mill group has a shape in which an arc having a diameter of 1.0 to 1.5 times the product nominal diameter and a relief at an angle of 5 to 20 ° are arranged. Is good. The roll hole shape of the four-roll rolling mill used in the finishing mill group has a shape in which an arc having a diameter of 1.0 to 3.0 times the product nominal diameter and a relief at an angle of 0 to 40 ° are arranged. It is good to do.
[0038]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
[0039]
【Example】
(Example 1)
After heating a steel slab having a chemical composition equivalent to S45C of JIS shown in Table 1 to 1000 to 1250 ° C, the diameters (product nominal diameters) are 13.0 mm, 19.0 mm and 34.000 at a temperature of 1200 to 900 ° C. It was hot rolled into a 0 mm round bar. In the finishing mill group, four or seven three-roll mills in which the axes of the three rolls are arranged with the inclination of the equilateral triangle formed in the vertical plane being different by 60 ° are used, that is, (1) In the invention of (3), n = 4 or n = 7, and the finish rolling was performed by determining the rolling roll gap for rolling and the peripheral speed for each of the three-roll rolling mills.
[0040]
[Table 1]
[0041]
Table 2 shows the nominal product diameter, the diameter (mm) of the material to be rolled before entering the finishing rolling mill group, the number of 3-roll rolling mills used in the finishing rolling mill group, the total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group, and the finish rolling. The passage time of the material to be rolled between the three roll rolling mills in the rolling mill group and the roll hole shape of the (n-3) th to nth three roll rolling mills from the upstream side (that is, the most downstream three roll rolling mill) Of the three-roll rolling mill from the mill to the three positions before this mill). In Table 2, D is the nominal diameter of the product, D (n), D (n-1), D (n-2) and D (n-3) are the nth unit from the upstream side, and (n- 1) The diameters of the roll holes of the three-roll rolling mills of the (3) -th, (n-2) -th and (n-3) -th units. Here, regarding the roll hole type of the (n−3) th three-roll rolling mill from the upstream side, the value of “D (n−3) / D” is infinite (∞) and the clearance angle is 0 °. As described above, this means that the roll hole shape is straight.
[0042]
[Table 2]
[0043]
After finish rolling, round bars having diameters (product nominal diameters) of 13.0 mm, 19.0 mm and 34.0 mm are checked visually or by a magnetic particle flaw detector for the presence or absence of a bite, and a deviation difference using a micrometer. That is, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the diameter in the same cross section was measured. When the eccentricity difference is 0.40 mm or less, it means that precision rolling within ± 0.20 mm within the target dimensional tolerance has been achieved.
[0044]
Furthermore, the round bar of each size is vertically cut in a plane passing through the center line thereof in parallel with the rolling direction, and the longitudinal section is observed with an optical microscope by a normal method to locally coarsen austenite crystal grains, that is, The state of occurrence of mixed grains having a difference of 3 or more in crystal grain size number was investigated.
[0045]
Table 3 summarizes the results of each of the above surveys. In the column of “Crystal coarsening” in Table 3, “○” indicates that the difference in crystal grain number was less than 2, and “△” indicates that the difference in crystal grain number was 2 or more and less than 3. This means that “×” indicates that the difference in crystal grain size number was 3 or more and that mixed grains were generated.
[0046]
[Table 3]
[0047]
From Table 3, in the case of Test Nos. 1, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 17 and 18 which were finish-rolled by the method according to the invention of (1), there was no protrusion and the eccentricity difference was 0.40 mm or less, It is clear that precision rolling with a dimensional tolerance of ± 0.20 mm can be satisfied, and that no local coarsening of crystal grains occurs. Further, the diameter of the roll die of the (n-2) th three-roll rolling mill is set to an arc having a diameter of 1.0 to 3.0 times the product nominal diameter and a relief at an angle of 0 to 40 °. Or an arc having a diameter of at least 1.0 times the nominal diameter of the product and a relief at an angle of 0 to 40 °. It is evident that, by adopting a shape in which is arranged, it is possible to easily cope with free size rolling.
[0048]
On the other hand, in the case of Test Nos. 2 to 4, 6, 8 to 10, 12, 14 to 16 and 19, which were finish-rolled by a method deviating from the provisions of the invention of (1), (1) biting out occurred. (2) The eccentricity difference exceeds 0.40 mm (that is, the dimensional tolerance exceeds ± 0.20 mm), and (3) There is a mixed grain when the difference in the crystal grain size number is 3 or more (that is, (Local grain coarsening occurs).
[0049]
(Example 2)
A steel slab having a chemical composition equivalent to JIS S45C shown in Table 4 was heated to 1000 to 1250 ° C, and then had diameters (product nominal diameters) of 13.0 mm, 19.0 mm, and 34.000 at a temperature of 1200 to 900 ° C. It was hot rolled into a 0 mm round bar. The finishing mill group includes three three-roll mills and one two-roll mill in which the inclination of an equilateral triangle formed by extending the axes of three rolls in a vertical plane is different by 60 °. That is, m was set to 3 in the invention of (2), and a finish roll was performed by determining a rolling roll gap and a peripheral speed for reduction for each rolling mill.
[0050]
[Table 4]
[0051]
Table 5 shows the nominal product diameter, the diameter (mm) of the material to be rolled before entering the finishing mill group, the number of 3-roll mills used in the finishing mill group, the total area reduction rate in the finishing mill group, and the finish rolling. The passage time of the material to be rolled between the rolling mills in the rolling mill group, the roll hole shape of the two-roll rolling mill, and the roll hole shape of the (m-2) th to m-th three-roll rolling mills from the upstream side The shape (that is, the shape of the roll hole shape of the three-roll rolling mill from the most downstream three-roll rolling mill to two before this) is shown together. In Table 5, D is the nominal diameter of the product, d2 is the diameter of the roll hole shape of the two-roll rolling mill, and D (m), D (m-1) and D (m-2) are each m from the upstream side. The diameters of the roll holes of the three-roll rolling mills of the (m-1) th and (m-2) th units.
[0052]
[Table 5]
[0053]
After finish rolling, round bars having diameters (product nominal diameters) of 13.0 mm, 19.0 mm and 34.0 mm are checked visually or by a magnetic particle flaw detector for the presence or absence of a bite, and a deviation difference using a micrometer. That is, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the diameter in the same cross section was measured. As described above, when the deviation in diameter is 0.40 mm or less, precision rolling within ± 0.20 mm within the target dimensional tolerance has been achieved.
[0054]
Furthermore, the round bar of each size is vertically cut in a plane passing through the center line thereof in parallel with the rolling direction, and the longitudinal section is observed with an optical microscope by a normal method to locally coarsen austenite crystal grains, that is, The state of occurrence of mixed grains having a difference of 3 or more in crystal grain size number was investigated.
[0055]
Table 6 summarizes the results of each of the above surveys. In addition, similarly to the case of Table 3, the symbols of “「 ”,“ △ ”, and“ × ”in the column of“ Coarse grain coarsening ”in Table 6 also showed that the difference of the crystal grain number was less than 2 respectively. It shows that the difference of the crystal grain size numbers was 2 or more and less than 3, and that the difference of the crystal grain size numbers was 3 or more, and that mixed grains were generated.
[0056]
[Table 6]
[0057]
From Table 6, in the case of Test Nos. 20, 24, 26, 30, 32, 36 and 37 which were finish-rolled by the method according to the invention of (2), there was no protrusion and the eccentricity difference was 0.40 mm or less. It is clear that precision rolling with a dimensional tolerance of ± 0.20 mm can be satisfied, and that no local coarsening of crystal grains occurs. Also, the diameter of the roll hole of the (m-2) th three-roll rolling mill is set to an arc having a diameter of 1.0 to 3.0 times the product nominal diameter and a relief at an angle of 0 to 40 °. It is clear that the arrangement of the shapes makes it possible to easily cope with free size rolling.
[0058]
On the other hand, in the case of test numbers 21 to 23, 25, 27 to 29, 31, 33 to 35, and 38, which were finish-rolled by a method deviating from the provisions of the invention of (2), (1) (2) The eccentricity difference exceeds 0.40 mm (that is, the dimensional tolerance exceeds ± 0.20 mm), and (3) There is a mixed grain when the difference in the crystal grain size number is 3 or more (that is, (Local grain coarsening occurs).
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
According to the finish rolling method of the steel bar and the wire rod of the present invention, a so-called “precision rolled material” having a dimensional tolerance of ± 0.20 mm or less without forming a bite without changing the roll for each product size is obtained. In addition, since it is possible to prevent local coarsening of crystal grains, that is, to prevent grain mixture, industrial effects are great.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view for explaining “relief” of a roll-hole shape, where (a) is for a three-roll rolling mill, (b) is for a two-roll rolling mill, and (c) is for a four-roll rolling mill. Is the case.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a product and a three-roll rolling mill hole shape, in which (a) is a product having a nominal diameter of D, and (b) is an n-th three-roll rolling mill from the most downstream upstream side. Is a roll hole type having a diameter of D (n), and (c) is a roll hole type having a diameter of D (n-1) of the (n-1) th third roll rolling mill from the upstream side.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a case where a roll hole shape of a three-roll rolling mill is a shape in which an arc having an infinite diameter and a relief at an angle of 0 ° are arranged with respect to a product nominal diameter, that is, a straight line. is there.
[Explanation of symbols]
D: Nominal diameter of product,
D (n): diameter of the roll hole shape of the n-th three-roll rolling mill from the upstream side,
D (n-1): (n-1) the diameter of the roll die of the third roll mill,
θ: angle of escape.
Claims (2)
ここで、nは4以上の整数である。Finishing of bar steel and wire rods with circular cross-sections using n three-roll rolling mills in which three rolls are arranged in the finishing rolling mill group so that the inclination of an equilateral triangle formed by extending the axis of three rolls in a vertical plane is different by 60 °. In the rolling method, the roll-hole shape of the (n-1) th and nth 3-roll rolling mills from the upstream side is set to a diameter of 1.0 to 1.2 times the nominal product diameter, respectively. In addition to having a shape in which an arc and a relief at an angle of 5 to 40 ° are arranged, the reduction of the n three-roll rolling mills is independently selected, and the total area reduction rate in the finishing rolling mill group is 30% or more. A finish rolling method for a steel bar and a wire rod, wherein a rolling time of a material to be rolled between each three-roll rolling mill is set to 1 second or less.
Here, n is an integer of 4 or more.
ここで、mは3以上の整数である。M three-roll rolling mills in which finishing rolls are arranged with the inclination of an equilateral triangle formed by extending the three rolls in a vertical plane in a vertical plane by 60 °, and upstream of the m three-roll rolling mills Using one or more of one or more two-roll rolling mills and one or more of one or more four-roll rolling mills located on the side, the cross-sectional shape is a finish rolling method for steel bars and wires having a circular cross section, from the upstream side (M-1) The roll hole shape of the 3rd roll mill and the 3rd roll mill of the mth roll are each formed with an arc having a diameter of 1.0 to 1.2 times the product nominal diameter and an angle of 5 to 40 °. The rolling mills in the finishing rolling mill group are independently selected for reduction, and the total reduction in area in the finishing rolling mill group is 30% or more. Rolling is performed by setting the passage time of the rolled material to 1 second or less. Finish rolling method of steel bars and wire rods.
Here, m is an integer of 3 or more.
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| JP2001227566A JP3584015B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Finish rolling method for steel bars and wire rods |
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| CN110961457B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-09-01 | 广东新鸿秀金属有限公司 | Device for rolling round tube steel |
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