JP3584533B2 - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a scroll compressor sealed used as a refrigerant compressor, such as a refrigeration air conditioning and refrigerators.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional scroll compressor, as disclosed in 59-141783 Patent and JP 62-75094 Sho, refrigerant gas compressed in the scroll compression mechanism portion, the communication passage from the upper portion of the discharge chamber Via the motor room. Next, the refrigerant gas flows out of the discharge pipe of the compressor through the periphery of the electric motor.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the prior art, between the sides empty panel outer peripheral portion of the orbiting scroll because it has a kind of closed space, the space has become discharged lubricating oil is easily accumulated structure from the bearing portion. Therefore, the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll, so that the oil agitation loss occurs within the side space of the end plate outer periphery. Further, in the sliding portion of the Oldham mechanism, which is a rotation preventing mechanism, the oil runs out when the compressor is stopped, and the amount of oil for lubricating the Oldham mechanism when the compressor is restarted is sometimes insufficient. Due to the insufficient oil amount, there are problems that the lubricating performance of the sliding part of the Oldham mechanism part is impaired and reliability such as galling decreases. In addition, when the compressor speed is increased to 10,000 rpm or more, the oil stirring loss increases almost in proportion to the third or fourth power of the rotational speed, and there is a problem that the performance of the compressor is significantly reduced. .
[0004]
A first object of the present invention is to prevent a decrease in compressor performance due to oil agitation loss at the outer peripheral portion of the orbiting scroll head.
A second object of the present invention is to secure a sufficient amount of lubricating oil at a sliding portion of the Oldham mechanism to prevent a decrease in the reliability of the compressor.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides a compressor, comprising: a compressor unit and an electric motor, which are connected to each other via a main shaft and housed in a closed container; The fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll that erect the spiral wrap on the disk-shaped end plate are meshed with the wrap inside, and the orbiting scroll is engaged with an eccentric shaft portion connected to the main shaft, and the orbiting scroll is rotated. Is rotated with respect to the fixed scroll without rotating, the fixed scroll is provided with a discharge port opened at the center and a suction port opened at the outer periphery, gas is sucked from the suction port, and both the scrolls The gas is compressed by reducing the volume while moving around the formed compression space, the compressed gas is discharged from the discharge port to the upper container chamber, guided to the lower container chamber through the passage, and outside the sealed container through the discharge pipe. Discharge to In the scroll compressor configured as described above, a sealing means for sealing the back pressure chamber on the rear surface side of the head plate of the orbiting scroll and the side space of the outer peripheral portion of the orbiting scroll head plate is provided on the back surface of the outer peripheral portion of the orbiting scroll head plate, A radial groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the end plate of the fixed scroll, which serves as a thrust bearing surface, so as to communicate the side space with the suction chamber of the scroll compressor.
In order to attain the second object, in addition to the above features, the present invention further provides a mirror plate support seat formed on an upper portion of a frame supporting the main shaft and supporting a rear surface of an outer peripheral portion of a mirror plate of the orbiting scroll; An anti-rotation member for a scroll, disposed between the orbiting scroll and a frame, an Oldham mechanism having a ring portion and a key portion, a pedestal surface formed on the frame to receive the Oldham mechanism, A projection formed at an inner peripheral end of the pedestal surface facing the ring of the Oldham mechanism, and an oil reservoir formed by the projection and the inner peripheral portion of the end plate support seat are provided. .
[0006]
[Action]
The operation of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings .
As shown in FIG. 1, in the present invention, the rear portion of the end plate outer peripheral portion 6 g of the orbiting scroll 6, comprising a sealing means 34 for sealing the side space 11f of the back pressure chamber 36 orbiting scroll end plate outer peripheral portion 6g by being, main bearing 40 the oil that has flowed through the gap in the back pressure chamber 36 of the further possible prevent the mass flow into the side space 11 f. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the side space 11f from being filled with oil, and it is possible to reduce oil stirring loss. According to the invention, the radial grooves 5 r for communicating the suction chamber with the side space 11 f is formed in the end plate outer peripheral surface 5 k of the fixed scroll 5, and trace flows in the side space 11 f oil Is smoothly discharged to the suction chamber 5f side by the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll as shown in FIG. Further, this drained oil is also used for lubrication of the outer peripheral surface 5k of the end plate of the fixed scroll 5 serving as the thrust bearing surface, and the sliding loss at this portion can be reduced. Further according to the present invention, it is possible to significantly reduce the hot oil leakage into the suction chamber 5f from the side space 11f (flame chamber), can in reducing the internal heating of the suction gas, also the volumetric efficiency Can be improved. Therefore, according to the present invention, the overall heat insulation efficiency can be significantly improved.
[0007]
In addition, if the oil reservoir 57 formed by the protrusion 51 formed at the inner peripheral end of the pedestal surface facing the ring of the Oldham mechanism and the inner peripheral part of the end plate support seat is provided, the compression can be achieved. Even when the machine is stopped, oil remains in that portion, and oil is always present in the Oldham keyway 52m and the like. For this reason, even when the compressor is restarted, there is no shortage of oil in the Oldham mechanism, and the reliability of the Oldham mechanism can be improved.
[0008]
【Example】
The embodiments of the present invention more be explained in FIG. 16 from FIG. In Figure 1, 34 is a sealing means provided on the back portion of the end plate outer peripheral portion 6 g of the orbiting scroll 6, this sealing means 34, and side spaces 11f of the back pressure chamber 36 orbiting scroll end plate outer peripheral portion 6g Is configured to be sealed . 2 and 3 the swivel scroll 6, 4 and 5 show the fixed scroll 5. In the drawing, solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the refrigerant gas, and broken arrows indicate the flow direction of the oil. As shown in FIG. 2, a ring groove 6f for enclosing the sealing means 34 is formed on the rear surface of the end plate outer peripheral portion 6g of the orbiting scroll 6. The orbiting scroll member 6 includes a disk-shaped end plate 6a, a wrap 6b standing upright and having the same shape as the wrap of the fixed scroll, and a boss 6c formed on the opposite lap surface of the end plate. 6e and 6d are small holes penetrating the head plate, and 6y is an Oldham keyway . The length L5 of the key groove, the partial frame side key groove length L6 protrusions Oldham key from (see FIG. 11) length L4 (see FIG. 14) is set longer. The end plate outer peripheral surface 5 k of the fixed scroll constituting the thrust bearing surface, the radial groove 5r for communicating the back pressure chamber 36 and the side space 11f of the orbiting scroll end plate and the suction chamber 5f, as shown in FIG. 4, It is provided evenly in the circumferential direction. Oil is supplied to the sliding surface 5k from the side space 11f. 5 m is an atmosphere of suction pressure Ps in a semi-annular groove. As shown in FIG. 5 , a tapered groove 5z may be provided on the outer peripheral surface 5k of the end plate of the fixed scroll 5. Intended to be prone tapered shape of the dynamic pressure Poil by oil film on the sliding surface 5k, the largest step of the axial groove portion 5z tapered is set to small size of several tens of μ from ten μ Is also good.
[0009]
6 and 7 are partial longitudinal sectional views showing the structure of the periphery of the sealing means 34. FIG. A sealing ring 33 is disclosed as the sealing means 34. A cut-out portion 34a is formed on the back pressure chamber side of the seal ring 33, and faces the end plate support seat 11e of the frame 11 . Oil leaking from the sealing means 34 flows into the side space 11 f has a pivoting motion of the orbiting scroll, the radial groove 5r provided in the suction chamber 5 f fixed scroll end plate outer peripheral surface 5k, smooth the suction chamber 5 f side Is discharged. Further, this drained oil is also used for lubricating the outer peripheral surface 5k of the end plate of the fixed scroll 5 serving as the thrust bearing surface. For this reason, oil lubrication is reliably performed on the sliding surface, and the sliding performance in this portion is improved, and the sliding loss is reduced. As shown in FIG. 6, an intermediate pressure Pm between the discharge pressure Pd and the suction pressure Ps acts on an area inside the sealing means 34 on the back surface of the end plate of the orbiting scroll 6, and an area outside the sealing means 34 has an atmosphere of the suction pressure Ps. It has become. FIG. 7 shows a structure in which a backup ring 37 is added to the back of the seal ring 33 to ensure the operation of the seal ring 33.
FIGS. 8 and 9 are views showing the structure of the backup ring 37 shown in FIG. 7. The backup ring 37 has a corrugated shape having a thickness of about 0.2 mm and a ring height of about 1 mm, and is formed in a ring shape.
FIG. 10 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a hermetic scroll compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a plan view of a frame 11, and FIG. Plane. The upper portion of the frame supporting the main shaft 14 of the central portion, the end plate support seat 11e for supporting the back of the orbiting scroll mirror Itagaishu portion is formed, as the rotation preventing member of the orbiting scroll, the ring portion 3m and a key portion 3a, Oldham mechanism 3 consisting 3b is disposed between the orbiting scroll 6 and the frame 11. A small projection 51 of about 1 mm is provided at the inner peripheral end of the frame-side Oldham keyway at a portion of the frame base surface 54 where the ring 3m of the Oldham mechanism is axially opposed. As shown in FIG. 12, the projection 51 forms an oil reservoir 57 between the inner peripheral portion 58 of the end plate support seat 11e and the inner peripheral projection 51 of the Oldham key groove 52m. Inevitably , oil accumulates also in the Oldham keyway 52m. Further, the oil 22a accumulated in the oil sump 57 scatters around the ring 3m as the ring 3m reciprocates and becomes oil droplets 22c to be used for lubrication of the sliding portion inside the back pressure chamber.
FIGS. 13 and 14 are a plan view and a longitudinal sectional view of an Oldham ring (Oldham mechanism) 3. The Oldham ring 3 is provided with a key portion 3a which engages and slides with a key groove portion 6y (see FIG. 3) formed on the back surface of the orbiting scroll head plate 6a. The key portion 3a has an outer dimension Dor. _The convex portion 3f is formed so that ₁ is larger than the ring outer diameter Dor ₂ of the Oldham ring main body . The sliding area of the key portion 3a is (L1 × H1). On the other hand, the sliding area of the frame-side Oldham key 3b has a size of (L2 × H2), and has a relationship of L1> L2. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a structure of an engaging portion between the Oldham ring 3, the frame 11, and the orbiting scroll 6. As shown in FIG.
[0010]
FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the overall configuration when the above-described embodiment of the present invention is incorporated in a hermetic scroll compressor. As shown in this figure, the compressor unit 100 is accommodated in the upper part of the sealed container 2 and the electric motor 4 is accommodated in the lower part. The inside of the closed container 2 is divided into an upper container chamber 1 a (discharge chamber) and a lower container chamber (motor chamber) 1 b via a frame 11 .
[0011]
The compressor section 100 forms a compression space (closed space) 8 by meshing the fixed scroll member 5 and the orbiting scroll member 6 with each other. The fixed scroll member 5 is composed of a disk-shaped end plate 5a and a wrap 5b standing upright on the end plate 5a and having an involute curve or a curve similar to the involute curve. It has. Frame 11 forms a bearing portion to the central portion, the main shaft 14 to the bearing portion is supported, the eccentric shaft portion 14a of the spindle tip is inserted to allow pivoting movement the boss 6c. The fixed scroll member 5 is fixed to the frame 11 by a plurality of bolts, and the orbiting scroll member 6 is supported on the frame 11 by the Oldham mechanism 3 including a ring portion and a key portion. On the other hand, it is formed so as to make a turning motion without rotating. The thereunder to the main shaft 14, by consecutively the motor shaft 14b fixed to the rotor 4 b together, are directly connected to the motor 4. A vertical suction pipe 17 is connected to the suction port 16 of the fixed scroll member 5 through the closed container 2, and the upper container chamber 1 a in which the discharge port 10 is open is connected to the lower container chamber via passages 18 a and 18 b. 1b . The lower container chamber 1b are communicated with the lower motor chamber 1c through the passage 25 between the motor stator 4 a compressor housing side wall. The lower container chamber 1b communicates with a discharge pipe 20 penetrating the closed container 2.
[0012]
2 2 is an oil reservoir provided in the closed container bottom. The lubricating oil 22a is stored in the oil sump 22 . Upper end of the main shaft 14 is provided with an eccentric shaft portion (crank pin) 14a, via the pivot bearing 31 in the boss portion 6c of the eccentric shaft portion 14a is the orbiting scroll 6, engagement with the orbiting scroll 6 is a scroll compression element portion I agree. The main shaft 14, the center vertical hole 13 for performing oil supply to the bearings is formed to an upper surface from the lower end of the main shaft 14. 23 is a frying oil tube contiguous with lower and bottom oil reservoir 22 of the main shaft 14. A lower part of the eccentric shaft part 14a is provided with a main bearing 40 provided to face the tip end surface of the boss part 6c of the orbiting scroll 6 and supporting the main shaft 14. The lower bearing chamber 1b below the main bearing 40 is provided in the lower container chamber 1b. The balance weight 9a is integrally attached to the main shaft 14.
[0013]
The lower end of the oil pumping tube 23 immersed in the oil sump 22 receives the high discharge pressure Pd, while the downstream swivel 31 (see FIG. 10) and the main bearing (slide bearing 40) are swung around. The pores 6d and 6e (see FIG. 2) provided in the end plate 6a receive an intermediate pressure Pm which is a pressure during compression. Therefore, the lubricating oil 22 a in the oil reservoir 22 at the bottom of the container rises in the central vertical hole 13 due to the pressure difference of (Pd−Pm). As described above, the lubrication of each bearing portion is performed by the differential pressure from the central vertical hole 13.
[0014]
The lubricating oil 22 a rising inside the central vertical hole 13 is supplied to the main bearing 40 and the slewing bearing 31. The oil supplied to the bearing portions 31 and 40 flows into the back pressure chamber 36. The oil that has flowed into the back pressure chamber 36 lubricates the periphery of the Oldham ring portion 3 , mixes with the refrigerant gas, and flows out into the compression space 8 through the back pressure hole 6d (see FIG. 2). The oil that has reached the compression space 8 is pressurized together with the refrigerant gas, and moves through the discharge port 10 to the upper container chamber 1a above the fixed scroll 5 and further to the lower container chamber 1b . The refrigerant gas and the oil are mainly separated in the upper container chamber 1a and the lower container chamber 1b, and the oil falls into the oil reservoir 22 at the lower part of the closed container 2 and is supplied to each sliding portion again. With such an oil flow, lubrication in each part of the compressor is reliably performed. In FIG. 16, a self-aligning spherical guide bearing 44a is used for the lower bearing portion 44 to prevent the main shaft 14 from hitting one side.
[0015]
According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0016]
(1) Since the sealing means 34 is provided on the rear surface of the orbiting scroll head, the loss of oil agitation in the side space 11f of the orbiting scroll head outer peripheral portion 6a can be significantly reduced.
[0017]
(2) Since the fixed scroll end plate outer peripheral surface 5k serving as the thrust bearing surface has radial grooves, even a small amount of oil can reliably lubricate the sliding surface with oil and reduce sliding loss. Thus, together with the effect of the above item (1), the performance and reliability of the compressor can be greatly improved, and greatly reduce the power consumption of the air conditioner throughout the year.
[0018]
(3) pressure Pm between in the inside region of the orbiting scroll 6 mirror plate back surface of the sealing means 34 between the discharge pressure Pd and the suction pressure Ps acts, outer region of the sealing means 34 is in the atmosphere of the suction pressure Ps Therefore, it is possible to set low pressure Pm in the back pressure chamber with respect to conventional machines, Ru can enlarge the bearing lubrication limit pressure ratio.
[0019]
(4) Since the hot oil leakage to the side space 11 f or et intake chamber 5f can be greatly reduced, it can reduce the internal heating of the suction gas, the O Ri volumetric efficiency inside the heating rate reduction of intake gas Can be improved. This effect is remarkable under operating conditions at a high pressure ratio where the amount of bearing oil increases and the amount of internal heating of the suction gas increases.
[0020]
(5) There is always oil in the Oldham keyway 52m even when the compressor is stopped, and when the compressor is restarted, oil shortage unlike the conventional machine does not occur , and sliding of the Oldham mechanism due to oil shortage occurs. the lubricating performance of the moving parts is impaired is eliminated, thereby improving the reliability of the Oldham mechanism periphery.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the back pressure chamber and the side space of the outer peripheral portion of the orbiting scroll head plate are provided on the rear surface of the outer peripheral portion of the end surface of the orbiting scroll with seal means for sealing the back pressure from the gap of the main bearing. It is possible to prevent a large amount of oil flowing into the room from flowing into the side space. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the side space from being filled with oil, and it is possible to reduce oil stirring loss.
According to the present invention, since the radial groove communicating the side space and the suction chamber is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end plate of the fixed scroll, a small amount of oil flowing into the side space can be smoothly moved by the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll. Can be discharged to the suction chamber side. This drained oil is also used for lubricating the outer peripheral surface of the end plate of the fixed scroll serving as the thrust bearing surface, and has the effect of reducing the sliding loss at this portion.
Further, according to the present invention, since high-temperature oil leakage from the side space to the suction chamber can be significantly reduced, the amount of internal heating of the suction gas can be reduced, the volumetric efficiency can be improved, and the total adiabatic efficiency can be improved. Significant improvement can be achieved.
Further, if the compressor is provided with an oil reservoir 57 formed by a projection formed at the inner peripheral end of the pedestal surface facing the ring of the Oldham mechanism and an inner peripheral part of the end plate support seat, Even when the compressor is stopped, oil remains in that part and oil always exists in the Oldham keyway, etc., so even when the compressor is restarted, there is no shortage of oil in the Oldham mechanism, and the reliability of the Oldham mechanism can be reduced. This has the effect of improving the performance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of a scroll compressor showing one embodiment of the present invention .
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the orbiting scroll 6. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the orbiting scroll 6;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a fixed scroll 5.
FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a fixed scroll 5.
FIG. 6 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a peripheral portion of a sealing means 34.
FIG. 7 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a peripheral portion of a sealing means 34.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a backup ring.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a backup ring.
FIG. 10 is a partial vertical sectional view of a scroll compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention .
FIG. 11 is a plan view of the frame 11;
FIG. 12 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the periphery of a frame 11 and a sealing means 34.
13 is a plan view of the Oldham ring 3. FIG.
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of the Oldham ring 3.
FIG. 15 is a partial vertical sectional view showing a state of an engagement portion between the Oldham ring 3, the frame, and the orbiting scroll 6;
Figure 16 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the overall configuration shown to scroll compressor of an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 ... closed container, 3 ... Oldham ring (Oldham mechanism) , 4 ... electric motor , 5 ... fixed scroll, 5a, 6a ... scroll end plate, 5f ... suction chamber, 5k ... end surface of plate end, 5r ... radial groove, 6 ... turning scroll, 6 g ... orbiting scroll end plate outer peripheral portion, 8 ... compression space, 11 ... frame, 11e ... end plate support seat, 11f ... side space, 14 ... main shaft (crankshaft) 18 ... communicating passage, 22 ... oil reservoir, 34 ... sealing means, 36 ... back pressure chamber, 40 ... main bearing, 51 ... projection of frame 11 , 54 ... pedestal surface, 100 ... compressor part .

Claims (2)

The compressor unit and the electric motor (4) are connected and accommodated in the closed container (2) via the main shaft (14), and the closed container (2) is divided into upper and lower chambers by a frame (11). The mechanical portion engages a fixed scroll (5) and a turning scroll (6) that erect a spiral wrap on a disk-shaped end plate with the wrap inside, and an eccentric shaft ( 14a), the orbiting scroll is caused to orbit relative to the fixed scroll without rotating, and the fixed scroll has a discharge opening (10) opening at the center and a suction opening (16) opening at the outer periphery. A gas is sucked in from the suction port, the gas is compressed by reducing the volume while moving around the compression space (8) formed by the scrolls (5, 6), and the compressed gas is discharged from the discharge port. Into the upper container chamber (1a), (18) a through lower container chamber leads to (1b), in the scroll compressor configured to discharge to the outside of the closed vessel through the discharge pipe (20),
A back pressure chamber (36) provided on the back side of the end plate (6a) of the orbiting scroll and into which oil supplied to the bearings (31, 40) flows, and a side space (11f) of the outer peripheral portion (6g) of the orbiting scroll end plate. ) sealing means for sealing (34) and on the rear surface portion of the orbiting scroll end plate outer peripheral portion, provided on the outer peripheral side of the Oldham mechanism which is rotation-preventing member of the orbiting scroll (3),
A radial groove (5r) is provided on an outer peripheral surface (5k) of the end plate of the fixed scroll, which serves as a thrust bearing surface, so that the side space (11f) communicates with the suction chamber (5f) of the scroll compressor. And scroll compressor. 2. A head support (11e) according to claim 1, wherein the head (14e) is formed above a frame (11) supporting the main shaft (14) and supports a rear surface of a head outer periphery (6g) of the orbiting scroll.
Disposed between the front Symbol orbiting scroll and the frame, said Oldham mechanism having a ring portion (3m) and a key portion (3a) and (3),
A pedestal surface (54) formed on the frame to receive the Oldham mechanism;
A projection (51) formed at an inner peripheral end of the pedestal surface (54) facing a ring of the Oldham mechanism;
A scroll compressor comprising the projection and an oil reservoir (57) formed by an inner peripheral portion of the end plate support seat.

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