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JP3589385B2 - Powder synthesis equipment - Google Patents
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JP3589385B2 - Powder synthesis equipment - Google Patents

Powder synthesis equipment Download PDF

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JP3589385B2
JP3589385B2 JP15785198A JP15785198A JP3589385B2 JP 3589385 B2 JP3589385 B2 JP 3589385B2 JP 15785198 A JP15785198 A JP 15785198A JP 15785198 A JP15785198 A JP 15785198A JP 3589385 B2 JP3589385 B2 JP 3589385B2
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Prior art keywords
emulsion
nozzle
powder
ejection end
supporting gas
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JP15785198A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11349303A (en
Inventor
一雅 鷹取
直義 渡辺
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Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
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Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
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  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、金属酸化物の前駆体と水と可燃性液体とを有するエマルジョンを噴霧燃焼させることにより、金属酸化物粉末を合成する粉体合成装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
金属酸化物の前駆体を含む水溶液を可燃性液体中に乳濁させたエマルジョンの噴霧燃焼による粉体合成において、粉体合成量を確保するためには安定した噴霧燃焼の維持を図ることが重要である。
市販されている従来の噴霧装置は、可燃性液体と支燃性気体を予混合して1個のノズルから噴出して噴霧燃焼させる構成となっている。この従来の予混合型噴霧装置では、これを粉体合成に用いると燃焼火炎が変動し、合成した粉末がノズルの噴出端に堆積して失火するため、粉体合成を持続して行うことができない。すなわち、従来の噴霧装置は、ノズルの噴出端に合成した粉末が堆積して燃焼が持続しないという問題を有していた。
【0003】
【本発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は従来の問題を解決するもので、粉末が堆積せず燃焼が持続する粉体合成装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決した本発明に係る粉体合成装置は、エマルジョンを噴出するエマルジョンノズルと、該エマルジョンノズルと並列配置され支燃性気体を噴出する支燃性気体ノズルとを有し、該エマルジョンノズルの噴出端は該支燃性気体ノズルの噴出端より突出していることを特徴とする。
【0005】
【作用・効果】
本発明の粉体合成装置では、エマルジョンノズルからエマルジョンを噴出し、支燃性気体ノズルから支燃性気体を噴出すると、エマルジョンが霧化する。霧化したエマルジョンが燃焼すると、エマルジョン中に含まれる金属酸化物の前駆体が加熱、酸化されて酸化物粉末になる。この燃焼火炎は支燃性気体ノズルから噴出する支燃性気体で噴出方向に形成される。
【0006】
エマルジョンノズルの噴出端が支燃性気体ノズルの噴出端より噴出方向に突出している。このため、合成された酸化物粉末を含まない火炎がエマルジョン噴出ノズルの噴出端を囲むことになる。すなわち、酸化物粉末を含む火炎はエマルジョンノズルの噴出端に接触しない。したがって、合成された酸化物粉末がエマルジョンノズルの噴出端に堆積することがなく、燃焼が持続する。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の粉体合成装置のエマルジョンノズルは管状であればよいが、エマルジョン供給手段とエマルジョンノズルは通常円管状のパイプで接続されるので、エマルジョンノズルは円管状が好ましい。エマルジョンノズルは支燃性気体ノズルからの支燃性気体の流れを乱さないようにするためにも円管状が好ましい。さらに、円管状のエマルジョンノズルの噴出端の内径は0.4〜2.0mmが好ましい。内径が0.4mm未満になると、粘性の高いエマルジョンの噴出をスムーズにできなくなる。内径が2.0mmより大きくなると、霧化した噴霧粒子の粒径分布が大きく、すなわち、粒径のばらつきが大きくなる。粒径の大小によって加熱、酸化条件が異なるので、合成された粉末の均一性が悪くなる。円管状のエマルジョンノズルの噴出端の肉厚は支燃性気体ノズルからの支燃性気体の流れを乱さないように、0.5mm以下が望ましい。
【0008】
エマルジョンノズルの噴出端が支燃性気体ノズルの噴出端から突出する量は、円管状のエマルジョンノズルの噴出端の内径の0.1〜2.0倍が好ましい。突出量が0.1倍未満では従来の予混合型噴霧装置に近くなり、エマルジョンノズルの噴出端に合成した粉末が堆積しやすくなる。2.0倍より大きくなると、霧化した噴霧粒子の粒径のばらつきが大きくなる。エマルジョンノズルの材質は少なくとも耐蝕性、耐熱性を有するものであればよくステンレスやセラミックスが好ましい。
【0009】
支燃性気体ノズルは、エマルジョンノズルと並列配置され噴出端から支燃性気体を噴出する構造であればよく、特定の構造に限定されない。たとえば、複数の細長い円管状の支燃性気体ノズルを前記エマルジョンノズルの周囲に配設するようにしてもよい。しかし、この場合支燃性気体供給手段からの支燃性気体の配管が複数必要になるので、次のように支燃性気体ノズルがエマルジョンノズルを中心とする同心円状に配設する構造にするとよい。
【0010】
上端面の中心にエマルジョンノズルのエマルジョン導入端部が挿入固着される開口部をもち、下端面の中心にエマルジョンノズルの噴出端が突出する開口部をもち、側面に支燃性気体導入開口部をもつ円筒状で、下端面の開口部はエマルジョンノズルの噴出端が突出したときリング状の噴出端開口となる。支燃性気体ノズルの噴出端の開口面積は噴出気体の流速を左右するため、エマルジョンノズルの噴出端の開口面積の3〜20倍が望ましい。エマルジョンは可燃成分である可燃性液体と消火成分である水を含んでいるため20倍を越えると、燃焼火炎が失火する。3倍未満になると、酸化に必要な酸素が不足したり、燃焼火炎を噴出方向に形成する作用が減少する。材質はエマルジョンノズルと同様、耐蝕性、耐熱性の観点からステンレスやセラミックスが望ましい。
【0011】
【実施例】
本発明の実施例を示し、本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。
本実施例の粉体合成装置の概略構成図を図1に、本実施例のエマルジョンノズルと支燃性気体ノズルの断面図を図2に示す。
本実施例の粉体合成装置のエマルジョンノズル3と支燃性気体ノズル4は図1に示すように、筒状の燃焼器5の上端面に噴出する方向が下向きになるように配設され、エマルジョン供給手段1と支燃性気体供給手段2にパイプで接続されている。燃焼器5には着火手段51が装着され、下端部には粉末補集器6が配設されている。
【0012】
本実施例の粉体合成装置のノズルは図2に示すように、ジルコニアセラミックス製の支燃性気体ノズル4がジルコニアセラミックス製のエマルジョンノズル3を中心とする同心円状に配置されている。エマルジョンノズル3は先細型の円管状で上端に外径10mm、内径8mmのエマルジョン導入端開口部32を、下端に外径1.6mm、内径0.8mm(肉厚0.4mm)のエマルジョン噴出端開口部31を、もつ。
【0013】
支燃性気体ノズル4は外径20mm、内径18mmの円筒状で、上端面の中心にエマルジョンノズル3のエマルジョン導入端開口部32を挿入固着する開口部43を、下端面の中心にエマルジョン噴出端開口部31が同軸状に突出するための直径2.9mmの噴出端開口部41を、側面に支燃性気体導入開口部42もつ。
【0014】
支燃性気体ノズル4にエマルジョンノズル3を内挿し、噴出端開口部41からエマルジョン噴出端開口部31が0.8mm(内径の1.0倍)突出するように開口部43とエマルジョン導入端開口部32を固着する。そうすると、噴出端開口部41は直径2.9mmのリング状で開口面積がエマルジョン噴出開口部31の開口面積の9倍の支燃性気体噴出端開口部となる。
【0015】
ZrClO・8HO(塩化酸化ジルコニウム8水和物)の水溶液(濃度30%)をケロシン中に乳濁させてエマルジョンを作製した。このエマルジョンを前記エマルジョン供給手段1からエマルジョンノズル3に供給し、エマルジョン噴出端開口部31から燃焼器5の中に噴出させる。一方、エアを支燃性気体供給手段2から支燃性気体ノズル4に供給し、噴出端開口部41から噴出させることにより、前記エマルジョン噴出端開口部31から下方に噴出されたエマルジョンが霧化される。
【0016】
この霧化したエマルジョンに着火手段51で着火することによりエマルジョンは燃焼器5の中で燃焼し、燃焼火炎はエマルジョン噴出端開口部31から下方に形成される。燃焼によってエマルジョン中のZrClO・8HOが加熱、酸化され、ZrO粉末が合成される。合成されたZrO粉末は燃焼器5の下方の粉末捕集器6で捕集される。
【0017】
本実施例の粉体合成装置では、エマルジョンノズル3のエマルジョン噴出端開口部31が支燃性気体ノズル4の噴出端開口部41より噴出方向(下方)に0.8mm(内径の1.0倍)突出している。このため、エマルジョンノズル3のエマルジョン噴出端開口部31は支燃性気体ノズル4の噴出端開口部41より噴出される支燃性気体に常に洗われているいることになる。支燃性気体には合成された酸化物粉末が含まれていない。このため支燃性気体に接触していてもエマルジョンノズル3のエマルジョン噴出端開口部31に合成された酸化物粉末が付着することはない。
【0018】
また、支燃性気体ノズル4の噴出端開口部41より噴出する支燃性気体は合成された燃焼ガスがエマルジョンノズル3のエマルジョン噴出端開口部31に接触するのを防ぐ、そのためこのエマルジョン噴出端開口部31に合成された粉体が付着することは無い。
このように、合成されたZrO粉末がエマルジョン噴出端開口部31に付着堆積することがなく、したがって燃焼火炎が失火することがなく、持続して粉末を合成することができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例の粉体合成装置の概略構成図。
【図2】実施例の粉体合成装置のエマルジョンノズルと支燃性気体ノズルの断面図。
【符号の説明】
1・・エマルジョン供給手段、2・・支燃性気体供給手段、3・・エマルジョンノズル、4・・支燃性気体ノズル、5・・燃焼器、6・・粉末捕集器、31・・エマルジョン噴出端開口部、32・・エマルジョン導入端開口部、41・・支燃性気体噴出端開口部、42・・支燃性気体導入開口部、43・・開口部、51・・着火手段
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a powder synthesizing apparatus for synthesizing a metal oxide powder by spray-burning an emulsion having a precursor of a metal oxide, water and a flammable liquid.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In powder synthesis by spray combustion of an emulsion in which an aqueous solution containing a metal oxide precursor is emulsified in a flammable liquid, it is important to maintain stable spray combustion in order to secure the amount of powder synthesis It is.
A conventional spraying device that is commercially available has a configuration in which a combustible liquid and a supportive gas are premixed and are ejected from one nozzle to perform spray combustion. In this conventional premixing type spraying device, when it is used for powder synthesis, the combustion flame fluctuates, and the synthesized powder accumulates at the ejection end of the nozzle and misfires. Can not. That is, the conventional spraying device has a problem that the synthesized powder is deposited on the ejection end of the nozzle and combustion is not sustained.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a powder synthesizing apparatus in which powder is not deposited and combustion continues.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A powder synthesizing apparatus according to the present invention that has solved the above-mentioned problem has an emulsion nozzle that ejects an emulsion, and a flammable gas nozzle that is arranged in parallel with the emulsion nozzle and blasts a flammable gas. Is characterized in that the ejection end protrudes from the ejection end of the combustible gas nozzle.
[0005]
[Action / Effect]
In the powder synthesizing apparatus of the present invention, when the emulsion is ejected from the emulsion nozzle and the oxidizing gas is ejected from the oxidizing gas nozzle, the emulsion is atomized. When the atomized emulsion burns, the precursor of the metal oxide contained in the emulsion is heated and oxidized to an oxide powder. The combustion flame is formed in the jetting direction by the supporting gas ejected from the supporting gas nozzle.
[0006]
The ejection end of the emulsion nozzle projects in the ejection direction from the ejection end of the combustible gas nozzle. Therefore, the flame containing no synthesized oxide powder surrounds the ejection end of the emulsion ejection nozzle. That is, the flame containing the oxide powder does not come into contact with the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle. Therefore, the synthesized oxide powder does not accumulate at the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle, and combustion continues.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The emulsion nozzle of the powder synthesizing apparatus of the present invention may have a tubular shape. However, since the emulsion supply means and the emulsion nozzle are usually connected by a tubular pipe, the emulsion nozzle is preferably a tubular one. The emulsion nozzle is preferably a circular tube so as not to disturb the flow of the supporting gas from the supporting gas nozzle. Further, the inner diameter of the ejection end of the cylindrical emulsion nozzle is preferably 0.4 to 2.0 mm. When the inner diameter is less than 0.4 mm, it becomes impossible to jet a highly viscous emulsion smoothly. When the inner diameter is larger than 2.0 mm, the particle size distribution of the atomized spray particles is large, that is, the variation in the particle size is large. The heating and oxidizing conditions differ depending on the size of the particle size, so that the uniformity of the synthesized powder deteriorates. The thickness of the ejection end of the circular emulsion nozzle is desirably 0.5 mm or less so as not to disturb the flow of the supporting gas from the supporting gas nozzle.
[0008]
The amount by which the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle projects from the ejection end of the combustible gas nozzle is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 times the inner diameter of the ejection end of the cylindrical emulsion nozzle. If the protrusion amount is less than 0.1 times, it becomes close to that of the conventional premixing type spraying device, and the synthesized powder tends to deposit on the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle. When it is larger than 2.0 times, the variation in the particle size of the atomized spray particles increases. The material of the emulsion nozzle only needs to have at least corrosion resistance and heat resistance, and stainless steel and ceramics are preferable.
[0009]
The supporting gas nozzle is not limited to a specific structure as long as it has a structure in which the supporting gas nozzle is arranged in parallel with the emulsion nozzle and ejects the supporting gas from the ejection end. For example, a plurality of elongated tubular combustible gas nozzles may be disposed around the emulsion nozzle. However, in this case, since a plurality of pipes for the supporting gas from the supporting gas supply means are required, a structure in which the supporting gas nozzles are arranged concentrically around the emulsion nozzle as follows. Good.
[0010]
It has an opening at the center of the upper end face where the emulsion introduction end of the emulsion nozzle is inserted and fixed, has an opening at the center of the lower end face where the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle projects, and has a flammable gas introduction opening on the side. When the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle projects, the opening at the lower end surface becomes a ring-shaped ejection end opening. Since the opening area of the ejection end of the flammable gas nozzle affects the flow rate of the ejection gas, the opening area is preferably 3 to 20 times the opening area of the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle. Since the emulsion contains a flammable liquid as a combustible component and water as a fire extinguishing component, if the ratio exceeds 20 times, the combustion flame will be misfired. If the ratio is less than three times, the oxygen required for oxidation becomes insufficient, and the action of forming a combustion flame in the ejection direction decreases. Like the emulsion nozzle, the material is preferably stainless steel or ceramic from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance and heat resistance.
[0011]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be shown, and the present invention will be described more specifically.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the powder synthesizing apparatus of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the emulsion nozzle and the combustion supporting gas nozzle of the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the emulsion nozzle 3 and the supporting gas nozzle 4 of the powder synthesizing apparatus of the present embodiment are disposed so that the direction of jetting toward the upper end surface of the cylindrical combustor 5 is downward. Emulsion supply means 1 and combustion supporting gas supply means 2 are connected by a pipe. An ignition means 51 is mounted on the combustor 5, and a powder collector 6 is provided at a lower end portion.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, in the nozzle of the powder synthesizing apparatus of the present embodiment, a zirconia ceramic combustible gas nozzle 4 is arranged concentrically around an emulsion nozzle 3 made of zirconia ceramic. The emulsion nozzle 3 has a tapered cylindrical shape and has an emulsion inlet end opening 32 having an outer diameter of 10 mm and an inner diameter of 8 mm at the upper end and an emulsion ejecting end having an outer diameter of 1.6 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm (wall thickness of 0.4 mm) at the lower end. It has an opening 31.
[0013]
The combustion supporting gas nozzle 4 has a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 20 mm and an inner diameter of 18 mm, and has an opening 43 for inserting and fixing the emulsion introduction end opening 32 of the emulsion nozzle 3 at the center of the upper end face, and an emulsion ejection end at the center of the lower end face. An ejection end opening 41 having a diameter of 2.9 mm for allowing the opening 31 to project coaxially has a combustion supporting gas introduction opening 42 on the side surface.
[0014]
The emulsion nozzle 3 is inserted into the flammable gas nozzle 4, and the opening 43 and the emulsion introduction end are opened so that the emulsion ejection end opening 31 projects 0.8 mm (1.0 times the inner diameter) from the ejection end opening 41. The part 32 is fixed. Then, the ejection end opening 41 is a ring shape having a diameter of 2.9 mm and has an opening area 9 times as large as the opening area of the emulsion ejection opening 31.
[0015]
An aqueous solution (concentration: 30%) of ZrCl 2 O · 8H 2 O (zirconium chloride octahydrate) was emulsified in kerosene to prepare an emulsion. The emulsion is supplied from the emulsion supply means 1 to the emulsion nozzle 3 and is ejected into the combustor 5 through the emulsion ejection end opening 31. On the other hand, by supplying air from the combustion supporting gas supply means 2 to the combustion supporting gas nozzle 4 and ejecting it from the ejection end opening 41, the emulsion ejected downward from the emulsion ejection end opening 31 is atomized. Is done.
[0016]
When the atomized emulsion is ignited by the ignition means 51, the emulsion is burned in the combustor 5, and the combustion flame is formed downward from the emulsion ejection end opening 31. The combustion heats and oxidizes the ZrCl 2 O · 8H 2 O in the emulsion to synthesize a ZrO 2 powder. The synthesized ZrO 2 powder is collected by a powder collector 6 below the combustor 5.
[0017]
In the powder synthesizing apparatus of the present embodiment, the emulsion ejection end opening 31 of the emulsion nozzle 3 is 0.8 mm (1.0 times the inner diameter) in the ejection direction (downward) from the ejection end opening 41 of the flammable gas nozzle 4. ) Projecting. For this reason, the emulsion ejection end opening 31 of the emulsion nozzle 3 is always washed with the combustion supporting gas ejected from the ejection end opening 41 of the combustion supporting gas nozzle 4. The supporting gas does not contain the synthesized oxide powder. Therefore, the synthesized oxide powder does not adhere to the emulsion ejection end opening 31 of the emulsion nozzle 3 even if it is in contact with the combustion supporting gas.
[0018]
Further, the combustion supporting gas ejected from the ejection end opening 41 of the combustion assisting gas nozzle 4 prevents the synthesized combustion gas from coming into contact with the emulsion ejection end opening 31 of the emulsion nozzle 3. The synthesized powder does not adhere to the opening 31.
As described above, the synthesized ZrO 2 powder did not adhere and accumulate on the opening 31 of the emulsion ejection end, so that the combustion flame did not misfire and the powder could be synthesized continuously.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a powder synthesis apparatus according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an emulsion nozzle and a combustible gas nozzle of the powder synthesizer of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1..Emulsion supply means, 2..Supporting gas supply means, 3..Emulsion nozzle, 4..Supporting gas nozzle, 5..Combustor, 6, .. Powder collector, 31..Emulsion Ejection end opening, 32: Emulsion introduction end opening, 41 ... Combustion gas ejection end opening, 42 ... Combustion gas introduction opening, 43 ... Opening, 51 ... Ignition means

Claims (4)

金属酸化物の前駆体と水と可燃性液体とを有するエマルジョンを噴霧燃焼して該金属酸化物の粉体を合成する粉体合成装置であって、
該エマルジョンを噴出するエマルジョンノズルと、該エマルジョンノズルと並列配置され支燃性気体を噴出する支燃性気体ノズルとを有し、該エマルジョンノズルの噴出端は該支燃性気体ノズルの噴出端より突出していることを特徴とする粉体合成装置。
A powder synthesizer that synthesizes a powder of the metal oxide by spray combustion of an emulsion having a precursor of a metal oxide, water and a flammable liquid,
An emulsion nozzle that ejects the emulsion, and a supporting gas nozzle that is disposed in parallel with the emulsion nozzle and that ejects a supporting gas, has a discharging end of the emulsion nozzle from a discharging end of the supporting gas nozzle. A powder synthesizing apparatus characterized by being protruded.
前記エマルジョンノズルの前記噴出端を区画する噴出端部は内径が0.4〜2.0mmの管で形成されている請求項1記載の粉体合成装置。The powder synthesizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an ejection end section of the emulsion nozzle that defines the ejection end is formed of a tube having an inner diameter of 0.4 to 2.0 mm. 前記支燃性気体ノズルは前記エマルジョンノズルを中心とする同心円状に配置され、該支燃性気体ノズルの噴出端の開口面積は該エマルジョンノズルの噴出端の開口面積の3〜20倍である請求項1記載の粉体合成装置。The said supporting gas nozzle is arrange | positioned concentrically centering on said emulsion nozzle, The opening area of the ejection end of this combustion nozzle is 3-20 times the opening area of the ejection end of this emulsion nozzle. Item 4. The powder synthesizing apparatus according to Item 1. 前記エマルジョンノズルの噴出端の突出量は該エマルジョンノズルの噴出端の開口の内径の0.1〜2倍である請求項1記載の粉体合成装置。The powder synthesizer according to claim 1, wherein a projection amount of the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle is 0.1 to 2 times an inner diameter of an opening of the ejection end of the emulsion nozzle.
JP15785198A 1998-06-05 1998-06-05 Powder synthesis equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3589385B2 (en)

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