JP3589618B2 - Cogeneration system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cogeneration system for a heat and power supply business that supplies heat and electric power.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Cogeneration systems have attracted attention recently because of their high efficiency of energy utilization, because heat is effectively used by waste heat recovery together with the power generated by the power generator. In a normal cogeneration system, the power demander owns the cogeneration system, and all maintenance and management for system failures are performed by the owner. Gas bill).
[0003]
In the conventional cogeneration system sales system, it has been able to spread the method to a specific company having initial investment capital. However, if this was done only by the company alone, the initial costs such as the cost of equipment for the cogeneration system would not be stupid, and many companies were reluctant to introduce the cogeneration system immediately.
On the other hand, in recent years, along with the deregulation of the Electricity Business Law, it has become possible for non-general electric utilities to enter the electric business.
[0004]
Therefore, as a form of entry into the electric power business, for example, city gas is supplied from a city gas company (in some cases, city gas is supplied from a power and heat supply destination), and a cogeneration system is operated. A form of an electricity business that supplies electric power and heat (hereinafter referred to as a thermoelectric supply business. A person who performs a thermoelectric supply business is referred to as a thermoelectric supply company. A person who receives heat and electric power is referred to as a thermoelectric demander or a customer.) Was proposed. In this case, the cogeneration system is a property of the heat and power supply company, and is installed on a site of a heat and power demander, a roof of a building, a basement, or the like by contract to supply heat and power. For heat and power consumers, it is only necessary to pay for both heat and electricity, there is no need for initial investment (cost of purchasing cogeneration system) and no maintenance cost.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above conventional technology, the technical content of the cogeneration system was somewhat clear, but in order to conduct the above-mentioned heat and power supply business, the amount of energy consumption, Without collecting information and charging thermoelectric consumers for energy supply, such a thermoelectric supply business would not be feasible.
However, as to what kind of tools are added to the conventional cogeneration system to form a new cogeneration system, the actual means is not clear at all. That is, there has been no concrete example of an embodiment as an efficient thermoelectric supply business in order to develop a new thermoelectric supply business and further spread the cogeneration system.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the cogeneration system according to the first and second aspects of the present invention makes it possible to easily perform an energy billing process for a thermoelectric consumer. In addition, the cogeneration system according to the third aspect of the present invention aims to develop a thermoelectric power supply business by enabling the maintenance and maintenance to be performed effectively. the purpose of, cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 4 is intended to allow effective maintenance.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the cogeneration system according to the first aspect of the present invention
With a calorie meter and a power meter, and storing the energy usage information in the memory unit of the cogeneration system, when the communication device provided in the cogeneration system receives a call signal from an external communication device, Alternatively, when a preset time has come, a communication device provided in the cogeneration system transmits a system identification signal and energy usage information to the external communication device, and stores the information in a memory unit of the external data system, the cogeneration system is a property of cogeneration operators thermoelectric consumer's premises or the building roof, the cellar or the like, and established by contract, configured for supplying heat and electricity, and the code If a failure occurs in the generation system, Even communication device provided in Yonshisutemu is not receiving a call signal, the communication device provided in the cogeneration system is configured to transmit a system identification signal failure information to the external communication device.
The cogeneration system refers to a system that extracts and supplies two types of energy from fuel (for example, city gas, oil, LPG, and the like), heat energy and electric energy. Cogeneration systems also include fuel cells.
The calorimeter refers to a device that measures the amount of heat used by the cogeneration system during the predetermined period t1 to t2 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as the amount of heat used). Usually, the accumulated heat consumption is measured.
The predetermined period t1 to t2 refers to a certain period (for example, a month) for billing. Generally, time t1 is midnight on the first day of the month, and t2 is 12:00 pm on the last day of the month.
The power meter is a device that measures the power consumption of the cogeneration system during the predetermined period t1 to t2 (hereinafter, simply referred to as power consumption). Normally, the integrated power consumption is measured.
The system identification signal refers to a signal for identifying cogeneration systems arranged in various places. When transmitting from the transmitting unit of the communication device provided in the cogeneration system to the receiving unit of the external communication device, a system identification signal and energy usage information are transmitted. With the system identification signal, it is possible to identify where the energy usage information of the system is located.
A communication device (simply called a communication device) provided in the cogeneration system is a device having a transmitting unit and a receiving unit, and is intensively provided to communicate with an external communication device for energy saving power information and the like. It is a device installed in.
The external communication device is a device having a transmitting unit and a receiving unit, and is a device for exchanging energy usage information and the like with a communication device provided in the cogeneration system.
Energy usage information refers to various data and information necessary for calculating the energy usage of the cogeneration system.
Basically, <1> system identification signal, <2> heat usage Q (t2) of cogeneration system (heat usage [Q (t2) -Q (t1)] during period t1 to t2). <3> Power consumption E (t2) of the cogeneration system (may also refer to power consumption [E (t2) -E (t1)] during periods t1 to t2). However, besides, <4> fuel consumption Qg (t2) of the cogeneration system (in some cases, it refers to fuel consumption [Qg (t2) -Qg (t1)] during the period t1 to t2) <5 > Start point t1 and end point t2 of the period Operation status every hour (information on whether or not the cogeneration system is operating) <6> Heat usage Q (t) <7> Electric power usage E (t) Data required to convert to energy charges, such as the value of Failure, including the data necessary diagnosis.
Here, the memory part provided in the co-generation system distributed and installed is particularly important.
The memory unit provided in the cogeneration system is a device that stores and accumulates energy usage information for a certain period (for example, a period from one day to one month, one month to one year, and the like).
Even when the energy usage metering period has elapsed (for example, at 12:00 pm on the last day of the month), the energy usage information is stored and stored in the memory unit provided in the cogeneration system, so that the energy It is not necessary to transmit the usage information to the external communication device, so the role of the memory unit is important. When the communication device provided in the cogeneration system receives the call signal from the external communication device, or when a preset time comes (the time may be set so as to be efficient when viewed from the entire meter reading system) ), Energy consumption information may be transmitted to an external communication device by a communication device provided in the cogeneration system.
As described above, by transmitting the energy usage information stored in the memory unit to the external communication device, it is possible to efficiently obtain the energy usage information of the system located in each place during the charge calculation period. After the expiration of the charge calculation period, it is possible to avoid acquiring the energy consumption information acquisition work (transmission work) all at once, leveling the acquisition work, and improving the efficiency of the system.
Again, cogeneration systems are characterized by the geographic distribution of thermoelectric buyers, and it is particularly important to ensure that energy usage information is efficiently captured in external data systems. .
If the memory unit is composed of non-volatile memory, the cogeneration system is out of order and the commercial power is also out of service (if the backup system such as a storage battery is not installed in the cogeneration system or it is out of order even if it is installed) ), The energy consumption of the cogeneration system immediately before the failure can be stored in a non-volatile memory. Therefore, even if cogeneration of the cogeneration system is resumed, even if the cogeneration system is resumed, There is no problem if you resume usage metering. If it is stored in the non-volatile memory in the home energy metering system, the call signal is transmitted from the external communication system to the communication device again to obtain the energy consumption stored in the non-volatile memory. This is because there is no problem in charge accounting.
The call signal is a signal for activating the communication device by the transmission unit of the external communication device and obtaining the energy usage information stored in the memory unit of the cogeneration system, and for identifying the external communication device. It is also an encrypted signal.
In addition to the above, the call signal includes a signal for specifying necessary (required) energy usage information among the energy usage information stored in the memory unit of the cogeneration system. The communication device that has received the call signal retrieves the energy usage information stored in the memory unit of the cogeneration system from the memory, and transmits the information from the transmission unit of the communication device to the reception unit of the external communication device.
The communication device that has received the call signal extracts the energy-saving power information stored in the memory unit of the cogeneration system from the memory, and transmits the information from the transmission unit of the communication device to the reception unit of the external communication device.
As a communication means between the communication device provided in the cogeneration system and the external communication device, wireless, portable wireless, the Internet, a telephone line and the like can be considered.
The case where a failure occurs in the cogeneration system is, for example, a case where the sum of the heat usage ΔQ and the power usage ΔE is smaller than the fuel usage ΔQg for a certain period (t to t + Δt) or a set value. It is the case that it is smaller than.
For example, even if the sum of the heat usage ΔQ and the power usage ΔE is abnormally small for a certain period (t to t + Δt) despite the fact that the cogeneration system has received the signal as the start command, the system may fail. Let's be true if that happens.
[0008]
In addition, the invention according to claim 2 achieves the above object by:
In the cogeneration system according to the first aspect of the present invention, a fuel meter is further provided.
The fuel meter is a device that measures the amount of fuel used by the cogeneration system during the predetermined period t1 to t2 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as the amount of fuel used). Usually, the accumulated fuel consumption is measured.
[0009]
(Delete)
[0010]
(Delete)
[0011]
In addition, the invention according to claim 3 achieves the above object by:
The cogeneration system according to claim 1 or 2,
It is configured to convert the billing fee based on the energy usage information.
[0012]
Further, the invention according to claim 4 achieves the above object by
In the cogeneration system according to any one of the first, second, and third aspects, the operation state and the history of the failure are stored in a memory unit of the cogeneration system or a memory unit of the external data system.
[0013]
(Delete)
[0014]
[Action]
According to the configuration of the cogeneration system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the calorie meter and the power meter can be used to know the amount of heat used and the amount of power used. When the time is up, the energy usage information stored in the memory unit of each cogeneration system can be transmitted to an external communication device and stored in the memory unit of the external data system.
Further, when a failure occurs, the failure information can be automatically sent to the external communication device by the communication device provided for the failure.
[0015]
Further, according to the configuration of the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 2, it is possible to know the amount of fuel used in addition to the amount of heat used and the amount of power used.
[0016]
(Delete)
[0017]
(Delete)
[0018]
Further, according to the configuration of the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 3, it is possible to convert the amount of energy used into a billing fee and to know a specific amount.
[0019]
Further, according to the configuration of the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 4, the operation status and the history of the failure are stored.
[0020]
(Delete)
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a cogeneration system according to the present invention. A cogeneration system 100 includes a gas engine 2A, a generator 2B, a communication device 20, a fuel meter 10, a calorie meter 11, and a power meter 12. Is a constituent element.
[0022]
The generator 2B is configured to be driven by the gas engine 2A, to supply the fuel 1 to the gas engine 2A, and to measure the fuel consumption by the fuel meter 10.
[0023]
The exhaust heat generated in the gas engine 2A is recovered and supplied to the thermal load 3, and the amount of heat used is measured by the calorimeter 11. The power generated by the generator 2 </ b> B is supplied to the power load 4, and the power consumption is measured by the power meter 12.
[0024]
The fuel consumption measured by the fuel meter 10, the heat consumption measured by the calorie meter 11, and the power consumption measured by the power meter 12 are respectively accumulated in a memory unit (not shown) of the cogeneration system 100. And it will be remembered.
[0025]
Also, for example, when a preset time comes, such as at 12:00 pm on the last day of the month or after that, a preset time, such as 12:00 pm on the last day of the previous month, is read from the memory unit of the cogeneration system 100. The energy usage information accumulated and stored from the start of the time, that is, the fuel usage, the heat usage, and the power usage, are transmitted from the transmitting unit of the communication device 20 to the receiving unit of the external communication device 30 in a system. It is configured to be transmitted together with the identification signal and to be stored in a memory unit of an external data system (not shown).
[0026]
In the external data system, the charge for the period t1 to t2 is calculated from the energy usage information by, for example, the following formula (1).
Billing charge = C0 + C1 * {Q (t2) -Q (t1)} + C2 * {E (t2) -E (t1)}-C3 * {Qg (t2) -Qg (t1)} (1)
Here, C0 is a basic charge, C1 is a charge per unit energy of heat, C2 is a charge per unit energy of electric power, and C3 is a charge per unit amount of fuel.
Q (t1) is the amount of heat used in period t1, Q (t2) is the amount of heat used in period t2, E (t1) is the amount of power used in period t1, and E (t2) is the amount of power used in period t2. A quantity, a fuel usage amount during the Qg (t1) period t1, and a fuel usage amount during the Qg (t2) period t2.
[0027]
Also, when receiving a call signal from the external communication device 30, the communication device 20 transmits the above-mentioned energy usage information up to that period from the memory unit of the cogeneration system 100 to the external communication device 30. , Are stored in a memory unit of an external data system (not shown).
[0028]
The memory of the cogeneration system 100 also stores the operating conditions and the history of failures.
Further, when a failure occurs, failure information is transmitted from the communication device 20 to the external communication device 30 without receiving a call signal from the external communication device 30.
[0029]
As the self-determination of the failure, for example, the cogeneration system is constantly monitored at each time Δt, and for a certain period (t to t + Δt), the sum of the heat usage ΔQ and the power usage ΔE becomes the fuel usage ΔQg If the value is smaller than a set value (for example, 0.5 * ΔQg, usually 0.8 * ΔQg), it is determined that a failure has occurred.
[0030]
In another example, for a certain period (t to t + Δt), the sum of the heat usage ΔQ and the power usage ΔE is abnormally high, even though the cogeneration system has received the signal as a start command. If it is smaller, it is determined that a failure has occurred in the system. That is, despite the fact that the cogeneration system 100 has received the cogeneration system activation signal from the system of the power load 4 (not shown), the sum of the heat usage ΔQ and the power usage ΔE is equal to the set value (for example, If the value is abnormally lower than the fuel consumption amount ΔQg (a value of what percentage), it is naturally determined that a failure has occurred.
[0031]
In the above embodiment, the thermoelectric supply company calculates the billing fee in the case where the fuel 1 is purchased from another company such as a city gas consumer. In the formula (1), the charge may be made without subtracting C3 * {Qg (t2) -Qg (t1)}.
[0032]
In Japan as a whole, the amendment of the Energy Conservation Law in April 1999 enacted that plants were required to report energy saving plans and energy saving results, but if the cogeneration system of the present invention was introduced, energy saving plans and energy saving It is possible to fulfill the duty to report results, and to provide socially useful products.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
According to the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 1, since the amount of heat used and the amount of electric power can be known, the heat and power supply company can, for example, receive a request from a city gas company, a fuel supply company, or a thermoelectric demander. By purchasing fuel and placing the cogeneration system on the premises of the thermoelectric consumers, on the roof of the building, in the basement, etc., it is possible to efficiently conduct the thermoelectric supply business as a new business of supplying heat and electricity. It has become possible.
More specifically, a cogeneration system, which is owned by a thermoelectric supplier, is installed on a site of a thermoelectric consumer, or on the roof of a building, a basement, etc. by contract to supply heat and electricity. The heat and power supplier only receives both heat and electricity rates from the heat and power consumers, and if they know the amount of heat and power used, they can calculate the necessary costs and charge the heat and power consumers. .
As a result, thermoelectric consumers can introduce a cogeneration system without any financial burden, enable energy-efficient operation, reduce energy costs, and improve the economics of thermoelectric consumers, New business can be created, and social significance is great.
In addition, when a call signal is received or after a preset time has elapsed, the energy usage information stored in the memory unit of the external data system of the external communication device uses the energy usage information stored in the memory unit of the external communication system for a predetermined period of the system arranged in each place. Since the energy usage information can be known, the energy usage information can be efficiently acquired. The cogeneration system is characterized in that the heat and power consumers are dispersed in a region, and it is particularly important to efficiently obtain energy consumption information.
Further, when a failure occurs, the failure information can be sent to the external communication device. Therefore, the failure can be appropriately dealt with by the failure information, and the maintenance can be performed more effectively and easily.
Thereby, in addition to the heat and power supply business, the maintenance and management of the system can be performed at the same time, and the development of the heat and power supply business can be further promoted.
In addition, since the failure information from the cogeneration system is stored in the external data system, by accumulating such information, the economic life of the cogeneration system can be accurately predicted, and an efficient heat and power supply business is performed. It became possible.
[0034]
According to the cogeneration system of the second aspect of the present invention, the fuel consumption can be known in addition to the heat consumption and the power consumption. As mentioned above, when operating a cogeneration system owned by a thermoelectric supplier and conducting a thermoelectric supply business that supplies electric power and heat, it is necessary to subtract the amount of fuel used from the sum of the amount of heat used and the amount of electric power used. The cost can be calculated and the thermoelectric supplier can bill the thermoelectric consumer.
In addition, as described above, even when purchasing fuel from a city gas company, a fuel supply company, or a heat and power demander, the thermoelectric supply company processes the raw material (fuel) into heat and electricity. If the amount of fuel used, the amount of heat used, and the amount of electric power can be grasped, the first rate of thermodynamics (fuel used energy> the sum of the amount of heat used energy and the amount of electric power used) will be used for billing. Can be checked for validity, and it is possible to avoid erroneous billing for thermoelectric consumers in advance, leading to improvement in the reliability of thermoelectric suppliers and promoting the development of new businesses .
[0035]
(Delete)
[0036]
(Delete)
[0037]
According to the cogeneration system of the third aspect of the present invention, since the amount of energy used can be converted into a billing fee and a specific amount can be known, the cost associated with the energy usage can be clearly billed to the thermoelectric demander. And promote the development of the heat and power supply business.
[0038]
Further, according to the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 4, since the operation status and the history of the failure are stored, the information can be appropriately extracted, the maintenance can be effectively performed, and the system and the auxiliary equipment can be obtained. This can lead to a failure diagnosis such as the above, and a further improvement in a specific method of energy saving operation, and can present more effective information to a customer, thereby further promoting the development of a thermoelectric supply business.
[0039]
(Delete)
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a cogeneration system according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel meter 2A ... Gas engine 2B ... Generator 3 ... Thermal load 4 ... Electric load 10 ... Fuel meter 11 ... Calorimeter 12 ... Electricity meter 20 ... Communication device 30 ... External communication device 100 ... Cogeneration system

Claims (4)

With a calorie meter and a power meter, and storing the energy usage information in the memory unit of the cogeneration system, when the communication device provided in the cogeneration system receives a call signal from an external communication device, Alternatively, when a preset time comes, a communication device provided in the cogeneration system transmits a system identification signal and energy usage information to the external communication device, and stores the information in a memory unit of the external data system, The cogeneration system, which is owned by the thermoelectric supplier, is installed on a site of the thermoelectric consumer or on the roof of a building, a basement, or the like by contract to supply heat and power , and If a failure occurs in the generation system, Even communication device provided in Yonshisutemu is not receiving a call signal, cogeneration systems, characterized by transmitting by the cogeneration communication device provided in the system, a system identification signal failure information to the external communication device. The cogeneration system according to claim 1, further comprising a fuel meter. The cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein the charge generation is converted into a billing fee based on the energy usage information. 4. The cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein the operation status and the history of the failure are stored in a memory unit of the cogeneration system or a memory unit of the external data system.

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