JP3590367B2 - Underwater drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an underwater excavator for excavating the ground related to a caisson blade by water spray.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the open caisson method, the ground at the bottom of the caisson is excavated underwater with a clamshell bucket and the earth is discharged, while the caisson is gradually subsided. The ground related to the caisson blade is located outside the inner surface of the caisson, and it is difficult to excavate with a clamshell bucket. In particular, when the ground is hard, the cutting resistance of the caisson itself becomes difficult because the resistance of the caisson is increased. In such a case, the following underwater excavator has been conventionally used exclusively for excavating the ground related to the caisson blade.
[0003]
That is, as a conventional underwater excavator of this type, for example, a sheet pile serving as a suspension member suspended by a crane, and a water jet fixed to the sheet pile and excavating the ground related to a caisson blade by water jet. There is a water jet which is a drilling means.
[0004]
According to this underwater excavator, if the direction of the nozzle of the water jet fixed to the lower end of the sheet pile is set to the ground related to the caisson blade, the water jet from the nozzle causes the caisson blade to be It is temporarily possible to excavate such ground.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such an underwater excavator, the sheet pile on which the water jet is fixed moves or rotates in the water due to the reaction force of the water spray. That is, since the direction of water spray from the nozzle is not determined during underwater excavation, it is practically considerably difficult to accurately excavate the ground related to the caisson blade by water spray.
[0006]
In addition, underwater excavation by such spraying is inevitably an operation in turbid water, and it is not possible to proceed with the operation while directly checking the ground by visual observation.
[0007]
Therefore, repetitive operations are required, and it is almost impossible to perform efficient underwater excavation.
[0008]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an underwater excavation device that can accurately excavate the ground related to a caisson blade by spraying water so that efficient underwater excavation is realized even in muddy water. It is in.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the underwater excavator according to the first invention is a suspension member suspended by a crane, and is connected to a lower portion of the suspension member by a pin, and is supported swingably in a vertical direction. A water jet digging means for digging the ground related to the cutting edge, and a movement for preventing the movement and rotation of the hanging member due to the water jet reaction force by attaching the upper part of the hanging member to the inner surface of the wall of the caisson. And rotation preventing means.
[0010]
On the other hand, the underwater excavator according to the second invention is a suspension member suspended by a crane, and a swing member that is connected to a lower portion of the suspension member by a pin and is swingably supported in a horizontal direction. A water jet digging means which is connected to the rocking member by a pin, is swingably supported in a vertical direction, and digs the ground pertaining to the blade of the caisson by water blasting; and It is characterized in that it includes a movement / rotation preventing means which is attached to the inner surface of the wall to prevent the suspension member from moving and rotating due to the reaction force of water spray.
[0011]
According to these inventions, the ground related to the caisson blade is excavated while the movement and rotation of the suspension member due to the water spray reaction force is prevented by the movement / rotation prevention means. Excavation of the ground can be performed accurately. Therefore, efficient underwater excavation can be realized even in muddy water.
[0012]
In such technical means, from the viewpoint of more reliably preventing the movement and rotation of the suspension member due to the reaction of water spray, the movement and rotation prevention means is provided on the upper part of the suspension member, It is preferable to include a propulsion force applying means for applying a propulsion force to the suspension member in an outward direction, and / or a projection provided to protrude outside the upper part of the suspension member, and a caisson wall body It is preferable to include a movement and rotation locking means comprising a projection receiving member fixedly protruding inward of the suspension member and fitted with the projection to lock the movement and rotation of the suspension member.
[0013]
Further, from the viewpoint of more surely preventing the movement and rotation of the suspension member due to the water reaction force when the water reaction force is relatively large, the movement / rotation prevention means is provided at the lower part of the suspension member. The arm member includes an arm member protruding inward and a weight provided at a tip end of the arm member, and includes a moment applying means for applying a moment of outward force to a lower portion of the hanging member. preferable.
[0014]
Further, from the viewpoint of enabling the adjustment of the distance between the nozzle and the ground to realize more efficient underwater excavation, it is preferable that the water-jetting excavating means is rod-shaped and can freely expand and contract.
[0015]
Still further, from the viewpoint of enabling the measurement of the shape of the ground and realizing more efficient underwater excavation, the water spray excavation means radially protrudes outward from the tip of the nozzle so as not to hinder the water spray. It is preferable to include a ground shape measuring means including a radial member provided and a ground contact detecting means for detecting that the radial member has contacted the ground.
[0016]
Further, from the viewpoint of enabling the scraping of the earth mass attached to the caisson blade, and achieving more efficient underwater excavation, the water spray digging means is provided from the tip of the nozzle so as not to hinder the water spray. It is preferable to include a lump scraping means which is provided to protrude outward and scrapes the lump attached to the blade of the caisson.
[0017]
Furthermore, from the viewpoint of realizing a smooth work flow, it is also possible to measure the bearing capacity of the ground to be performed before the concrete is poured after the underwater excavation is completed. It is preferable to include a ground support force measuring means including a cone provided to protrude outward from the ground and a penetration resistance detecting means for detecting a penetration resistance when the cone penetrates into the ground.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019]
◎ Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of the underwater excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the entire configuration of the underwater excavator, and FIG. 3 shows a partial configuration of the underwater excavator. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a partial configuration of the underwater excavator, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a radial member in the underwater excavator (FIG. 5 (a) is a sectional view, and FIG. 5 (b) is a view. FIG. 5 (a) is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the underground excavation device, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the cone in the underwater excavation device.
[0020]
The following description is for an underwater excavator of the type having a rocking member (corresponding to claim 2), but for an underwater excavator of a type having no rocking member (corresponding to claim 1). Is also relevant.
In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the term “inward or inside” means the inside or inside of the caisson, and the term “outside or outside” means the outside or outside of the caisson. Shall mean.
[0021]
In the first embodiment, as shown in the figure, the underwater excavator includes a suspension member 1, a swing member 2, a rod-shaped spray excavation means 3, and a movement / rotation prevention means 4. . Hereinafter, each component will be described in detail.
[0022]
(1) Suspension member 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the suspension member 1 is suspended by a crane (not shown) via a slinging wire 10.
[0023]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the hanging member 1 is attached between a large frame 11 having a rectangular shape and a vertical frame 11 b having a rectangular shape, and a hanging bracket 11 a is fixed to an upper end portion. It comprises a cross member 12 which divides 11 into an upper part and a lower part.
[0024]
(2) swing member 2
The swing member 2 is connected to a lower portion of the suspension member 1 by a pin, and is supported so as to be able to swing horizontally.
[0025]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the swinging member 2 is horizontally moved by a pair of upper and lower first pins 21 a and washers 21 b between a horizontal member 12 of the large frame 11 and a lower horizontal portion 11 c of the large frame 11. A small frame 21 (see FIG. 3) having a rectangular shape composed of a vertical portion 21c and a horizontal portion 21b, and is fixed to the vertical portion 11b of the large frame 11 and extends inward. A bracket 22, a second bracket 23 fixed to a portion of the vertical portion 21c of the small frame 21 corresponding to the first bracket 22 and extending inward, and a base end portion of the first bracket 22 The first jack 24 is connected to the distal end of the second bracket 23 by a second pin 24a so that the distal end of the rod is rotatable in the horizontal direction.
[0026]
(3) Water digging means 3
The water jet digging means 3 is connected to the rocking member 2 by a pin and is supported so as to be able to rock vertically, and plays a role of digging the ground related to the blade of the caisson C by the water jet. It is.
[0027]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the water spray digging means 3 is fixed to the upper horizontal portion 21 d of the small frame 21 and has a third bracket extending inward, and has a substantially external shape. The second jack 32 is connected to the lower side 21d of the small frame 21 by a pair of left and right third pins 32a so that the outer portion is rotatable in the vertical direction. The fourth pin 33a is rotatably connected to the distal end of the third bracket 31 in the vertical direction, and the distal end of the rod is rotatably connected to the portion inside the second jack 32 by the fifth pin 33b in the vertical direction. A third jack 33 (see FIG. 4) and a water jet 34 that is attached to the distal end of the rod of the second jack 32 and includes a nozzle 34a that sprays water in the axial direction of the rod of the second jack 32.
[0028]
That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the water jet digging means 3 is configured such that a water jet 34 which directly performs a function of digging the ground related to the blade of the caisson C by water jet is formed on a second jack 32 having an approximately rod-like appearance. It is configured to be attached and capable of freely expanding and contracting. Thus, the distance between the nozzle 34a and the ground can be adjusted, and more efficient underwater excavation can be realized.
[0029]
In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), the water spray digging means 3 projects radially outward from the tip of the nozzle 34a so as not to hinder the water spray. That the radial member 51 is provided via the socket 51a and the radial member 51 comes into contact with the ground (the magnitude of the load applied to the second jack 32 at the time of contact, the length and direction of expansion and contraction of the second jack 32, And a ground contact detecting means (not shown) for detecting information such as the position of the second jack 32). As a result, the shape of the ground can be measured, and more efficient underwater excavation can be realized.
[0030]
On the other hand, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the water spray digging means 3 is provided instead of the ground shape measuring means so as to protrude outward from the tip of the nozzle 34a so as not to impede the water spray. It may be configured to include a brush 61 which is a soil lump scraping means for scraping the lump of earth adhering to the blade of C. The brush 61 has a shaft hole 61a communicating with the nozzle 34a, as shown in FIG. This makes it possible to scrape off the clod attached to the cutting edge of the caisson C, thereby realizing more efficient underwater excavation.
[0031]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, instead of the ground shape measuring means and the earth mass scraping means, the water spray excavating means 3 is provided with a cone 71 protruding outward from the tip of the nozzle 34a, and penetrates into the ground of the cone 71. Penetration resistance (including information such as the magnitude of the load applied to the second jack 32 at the time of penetration, the length and direction of expansion and contraction of the second jack 32, and the position of the second jack 32). It may be configured to include a ground support force measuring unit including a detecting unit (not shown). This makes it possible to measure the bearing capacity of the ground to be performed before the concrete is poured after the underwater excavation is completed, and a smooth work flow can be realized.
[0032]
(4) Movement / rotation prevention means 4
The movement / rotation prevention means 4 serves to prevent the suspension member 1 from moving and rotating due to the reaction force of water spray by attaching the upper part of the suspension member 1 to the inner surface of the wall of the caisson C.
[0033]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the movement / rotation preventing means 4 is provided on the upper part of the suspension member 1 and applies a propulsive force in an outward direction to press the suspension member 1 against the caisson C. 1 is provided with a propulsion force applying means 40 for applying to one.
[0034]
The propulsion force applying means 40 includes a pair of vertical rails 41 vertically mounted between the horizontal portion 11c and the horizontal member 12 on the upper side of the large frame 11, and a pair of horizontal rails 42 mounted between the vertical rails 41. And a screw 43 as a propulsion device attached between the horizontal rails 42. Thereby, it is possible to more reliably prevent the movement and rotation of the suspension member 1 due to the water reaction.
[0035]
Underwater excavation performed using such an underwater excavation device is performed by the water jet excavation means 3 on the cutting edge of the caisson C while preventing the movement and rotation of the suspension member 1 due to the water jet reaction force by the movement / rotation prevention means 4. The excavation of the ground is performed.
[0036]
Therefore, according to the underwater excavator according to the first embodiment, it is possible to accurately excavate the ground related to the cutting edge of the caisson C by spraying water. Realization has become possible.
[0037]
◎ Embodiment 2
FIG. 8 is a side view showing the entire configuration of the underwater excavator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Note that components similar to those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[0038]
The underwater excavator according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that, as shown in FIG. A protrusion 81 made of a steel material protruding from the wall of the caisson C is fixedly protruded inside the wall of the caisson C, and is fitted with the protrusion 81 to lock the movement and rotation of the suspension member 1. The suspension member includes a rotation and locking means 80 comprising a receiving member 82, an arm member 91 provided to protrude inside the lower part of the suspension member 1, and a weight 92 provided at the tip end of the arm member 91. 1 includes a moment applying means 90 for applying an outward force moment to the lower portion of the suspension member 1 and a spacer 100 made of steel and protruding outside the lower portion of the suspension member 1.
[0039]
The moving / rotation locking means 80 according to the second embodiment also makes it possible to more reliably prevent the movement and rotation of the suspension member 1 due to the reaction force of water spray, and the thrust applying means according to the first embodiment. It has substantially the same function and effect as 40.
[0040]
It should be noted that the moment applying means 90 is particularly effective if it is employed when the spray reaction force is relatively large. Therefore, when the spray reaction force is small, only the movement rotation locking means 80 is used. It may be enough. Further, if the movement / rotation prevention means 4 in the first embodiment and the movement / rotation prevention means 4 in the second embodiment are used in combination, it is possible to sufficiently resist even when the spray reaction force is considerably large. It becomes.
[0041]
Therefore, also in the underwater excavator according to the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to accurately excavate the ground related to the blade of the caisson C by spraying water, and therefore, even in muddy water. Efficient underwater drilling can be realized.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the underwater drilling apparatus which concerns on this invention, it becomes possible to excavate the ground relevant to the caisson blade by water injection so that efficient underwater drilling may be realized also in muddy water.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of an underwater excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the entire configuration of the underwater excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a partial configuration of the underwater excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a partial configuration of the underwater excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a configuration of a radial member in the underwater excavator according to the first embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 5 (a) is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 5 (b) is viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 5 (a)). Figure).
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a mass removal unit in the underwater excavator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a cone in the underwater excavator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing an overall configuration of an underwater excavator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hanging member 2 ... Oscillating member 3 ... Water digging means 4 ... Movement rotation prevention means 10 ... Sling wire 11 ... Large frame 11a ... Hanging metal 11b ... Vertical part 11c ... Horizontal part 12 ... Horizontal member 21 ... Small frame 21a ... First pin 21b Washer 21c Vertical portion 21d Horizontal portion 22 First bracket 23 Second bracket 24 First jack 24a Second pin 31 Third bracket 32 Second jack 32a Third pin 33 ... third jack 33a ... fourth pin 33a ... fifth pin 34 ... water jet 34a ... nozzle 40 ... propulsion force applying means 41 ... vertical bar 42 ... horizontal bar 43 ... screw 51 ... radial member 51a ... socket 61 ... brush Scraping means)
61a ... shaft hole 71 ... cone 80 ... movement rotation locking means 81 ... projecting part 82 ... projecting part receiving member 90 ... moment applying means 91 ... arm member 92 ... weight 100 ... spacer C ... caisson

Claims (4)

A suspension member suspended by a crane, and a water jet digging means which is connected to a lower portion of the suspension member by a pin, is swingably supported in a vertical direction, and excavates the ground related to the blade of the caisson by water jet. The water jet digging means, which is provided on the upper part of the hanging member, applies a propulsive force outward to the hanging member, and presses the upper part of the hanging member against the inner surface of the wall of the caisson to attach it. A propulsion means for preventing the suspension member from moving and rotating due to the water spray reaction force. A hanging member suspended by a crane, a swing member connected to a lower portion of the hanging member by a pin, and supported to be swingable in the horizontal direction, and a pin connected to the swing member. A water jet digging means which is swingably supported in a vertical direction, and digs the ground related to the blade of the caisson by water jet, and is provided on an upper part of the hanging member, and applies a propulsive force in an outward direction to the hanging member. Propelling force applying means for preventing the movement and rotation of the suspension member due to the reaction force of the water jet drilling means by pressing the upper part thereof against the inner surface of the wall of the caisson. An underwater drilling rig, characterized in that: The underwater drilling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water spray drilling means has a rod shape and can freely expand and contract. The water digging means includes a radial member provided radially projecting outward from the tip of the nozzle so as not to impede the water, and a ground contact detecting means for detecting that the radial member has contacted the ground. The underwater drilling apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a measuring unit.

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