Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP3592474B2 - Fuel damage detection device and its detection method - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP3592474B2 - Fuel damage detection device and its detection method - Google Patents

Fuel damage detection device and its detection method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3592474B2
JP3592474B2 JP02223197A JP2223197A JP3592474B2 JP 3592474 B2 JP3592474 B2 JP 3592474B2 JP 02223197 A JP02223197 A JP 02223197A JP 2223197 A JP2223197 A JP 2223197A JP 3592474 B2 JP3592474 B2 JP 3592474B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gas
exhaust gas
radiation monitor
reactor
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP02223197A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH10221483A (en
Inventor
克己 長沢
師滝 河野
信之 池永
修二 星
浩一 木下
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Toshiba Plant Systems and Services Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Toshiba Plant Systems and Services Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp, Toshiba Plant Systems and Services Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP02223197A priority Critical patent/JP3592474B2/en
Publication of JPH10221483A publication Critical patent/JPH10221483A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3592474B2 publication Critical patent/JP3592474B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

Landscapes

  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、原子力発電所における原子炉での燃料破損の検出効率を高めるとともに、排ガス流量変化による希ガス放射能濃度の変化、原子炉からの希ガス核種時間減衰、復水系と気体廃棄物処理系への移行率比率の補正による原子炉での希ガス発生率の自動算出が可能な機能を有する燃料破損検出装置およびその検出方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図5は、沸騰水型原子力発電所における一次系プラントの概要および気体廃棄物処理系の機器配置図、図6は図5における気体廃棄物処理系に接地される排ガス放射能計測装置の機器配置図である。
【0003】
図5において、原子炉1に装荷された炉心2内の核燃料が核分裂反応により発熱し、原子炉水を沸騰させる。その際、発生した蒸気を主蒸気管3を通してタービン4に流入し、タービン4を回転させ発電機を駆動して発電する。
【0004】
主蒸気管3内を流れる気体の大半は原子炉水が沸騰して発生する水蒸気であるが、この中には、核燃料の核分裂に伴い発生する放射線エネルギーにより原子炉水が放射線分解して生成する水素ガス、酸素ガスおよび核燃料から僅かながら発生する放射性希ガスや、その他主復水器5に接続する配管や機器から入り込んでくる空気(インリーク空気)等の非凝縮性ガスが含まれている。
【0005】
これら非凝縮性ガスは主復水器5に流入した後、主蒸気管3から分岐した抽気配管6を通して原子炉蒸気の一部を利用した空気抽出器7により気体廃棄物処理系側に抽気される。空気抽出器7からは抽気に用いた駆動蒸気と非凝縮性ガスが一緒に流出し、排ガス再結合器9に流入する。
【0006】
排ガス再結合器9では原子炉水の放射線分解で生じた水素ガスと酸素ガスが排ガス再結合器9に充填された触媒の作用により水(水蒸気)となる。次にこれら駆動蒸気や再結合水およびインリーク空気等は排ガス復水器10に導入され、この中で冷却されることにより、駆動蒸気および再結合水は排ガス復水器ドレン管11を経て主復水器4に回収される。
【0007】
一方、インリーク空気および核燃料から生じる放射性希ガスを主体とする非凝縮性ガスは、排ガス復水器10の気相部から排ガス系配管12を通り、活性炭ホールドアップ塔13a〜13cを経て、排ガス真空ポンプ14により主排気筒15に導かれ、大気中に放出される。
【0008】
活性炭ホールドアップ塔13では、放射性希ガスを吸着脱着する間に減衰し、主排気筒15で放出するときは、放射性希ガス放射能濃度レベルが一定の値以下となるよう設計されている。なお、図5中符号16は試料採取管、17は試料戻りライン、18は試料回収ライン、19は給水配管、37は復水配管、38は復水ポンプを示している。
【0009】
原子炉1の炉心2内に装荷されている核燃料集合体は燃料表面に付着する汚染ウラン等により通常運転時でも僅かながら放射性希ガスを発生しているが、核燃料に破損が生じた場合には、発生する放射性希ガス量が増大する。
【0010】
従来、原子炉1内の核燃料の損傷を監視するため、排ガス系主配管12の活性炭ホールドアップ塔13入口に設けられた排ガス試料採取配管16から排ガス復水器10出口ガスを採取し、図6に示す排ガス放射線モニタ20を内蔵する排ガス放射能測定容器21に導入し、モニタ指示値変化を、排ガス放射線モニタ記録計22により監視している。
【0011】
排ガス放射能濃度は、排ガス放射線モニタ20により連続的に計測されているが、排ガス中の核種別の放射能濃度は、定期的または不定期に、図6に示すバイアル試料びん23を用いて試料をサンプリングし、バイアル試料びん23を取り外し、γ線核種分析を行うことにより測定される。
【0012】
通常はこの核種分析結果と排ガス放射線モニタ20の計測値の相関から換算係数を算出し、排ガス放射線モニタ20の計測値から排ガス放射能濃度組成を求めている。なお、図6中符号24は試料ガス開閉弁、25はバイアル試料びんへの流路配管、26,27は試料戻りラインへの流路配管、28はポンプ、29は弁を示している。
【0013】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、気体廃棄物処理系に設置される排ガス放射線モニタ20は、核燃料から発生する放射性希ガスと、水の主成分である酸素原子が原子炉1内で放射化して生成するN−13の放射化ガス、およびインリーク空気に含まれる非放射性アルゴンガスが原子炉で放射化されて生成するAr−41各々からのγ線の総量を計測している。
【0014】
仮に、原子炉内の核燃料に破損が生じた場合は、核分裂により発生する放射性希ガスの濃度変化が生じ、排ガス放射線モニタ20の指示値が上昇することになる。しかしながら、水に含まれる酸素原子の放射化により生じるN−13やインリーク空気に含まれる非放射性アルゴンの放射化により生じるAr−41の放射能濃度は核燃料の破損の有無には依存しない。
【0015】
このため、核燃料の核分裂以外により生じるN−13,Ar−41の放射能濃度レベルが、核分裂により生じる放射性希ガスの濃度に比べ大きいときは燃料破損により発生する放射性希ガス濃度の上昇の検出精度を低下する可能性があった。
【0016】
また、インリーク空気流量が変化した場合、放射性希ガス放射能濃度や原子炉から排ガス放射線モニタまでの到達時間が変化することになり、排ガス放射線モニタの指示値が大きく変化し、燃料破損検出の誤信号を発する可能性がある。
【0017】
さらに、主復水器内の真空度調整が行われると、主復水器内での気液平衡が一時的に崩れ、気体廃棄物処理系に移行する放射性ガス量と復水系に移行する放射性ガス量の比率が大きく変化する可能性があった。
【0018】
このため、気体廃棄物処理系に設置される排ガス放射線モニタによる放射性希ガスの検出感度を上げることや、排ガス流量の変化によるモニタ指示値変動の影響や、復水器内真空変動後の原子炉での放射性希ガス発生率評価値を補正することは、重要な課題である。
【0019】
本発明は上記課題を解決するためになされたもので、気体廃棄物処理系放射線モニタへのN−13の影響を軽減し、放射線モニタの放射性希ガスへの感度を高めるとともに、燃料破損検出の感度を高めることができる燃料破損検出装置およびその検出方法を提供することにある。
【0020】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に係る発明は、原子炉からタービンに接続する主蒸気管から空気抽出器により抽気し、また前記タービンからの蒸気を復水にする主復水器から空気抽出器により抽気した排ガスを気体廃棄物処理系の活性炭ホールドアップ塔へ流入するための排ガス系配管に第1の流量計を設け、前記排ガス系配管から分岐して試料採取管の一端を接続し、この試料採取管の他端を排ガス放射能測定容器に接続し、この排ガス放射能測定容器に排ガス放射線モニタを設け、前記主復水器に接続した復水系配管を介して復水ポンプおよび第2の流量計を設け、この復水ポンプと前記第2の流量計との間に復水系放射線モニタを設け、前記第2の流量計と前記原子炉との間を接続する給水配管から分岐してトレーサガス注入弁を接続し、このトレーサガス注入弁をトレーサガス源に接続し、前記第1の流量計,排ガス放射線モニタ,復水放射線モニタ,第2の流量計およびトレーサガス注入弁を燃料破損監視装置に電気的に接続してなることを特徴とする。
【0021】
請求項1に係る発明によれば、原子力発電所における気体廃棄物処理系に設置される排ガス放射線モニタの上流に、特に原子炉で生成する放射化生成ガスN−13等の放射能濃度レベルを化学的あるいは物理的に低下させる設備を有することにより、燃料破損に伴い上昇する放射性希ガス放射能濃度の変化の検出感度を高めることができる。
【0022】
また、原子炉から排ガス放射線モニタまでの経過時間を人為的に原子炉に注入するトレーサを用いて測定し、この経過時間と排ガス流量および排ガス放射線モニタの指示値をもとに、インリーク空気が変動したときの排ガス放射線モニタの指示値の変動を補正することができる。
【0023】
さらに、復水系に移行する放射能濃度を復水系に設置した放射線モニタで計測し、復水流量信号とともに復水系への放射性ガス移行率を算出し、主復水器内真空度が変動に応じ気体廃棄物処理系に移行する比率を補正し、原子炉での放射性希ガス発生率評価値を自動算出することができる。
【0024】
請求項2に係る発明は、前記排ガス放射能測定容器と前記試料採取管の試料ガス開閉弁との間に一酸化窒素酸化装置および五酸化二窒素吸収装置を設けてなることを特徴とする。
【0025】
請求項2に係る発明によれば、気体廃棄物処理系に設置される排ガス放射線モニタの上流に、原子炉で生成する放射化生成ガスであるN−13を、放射線モニタ上流に設置した窒素化合ガス酸化装置および窒素酸化物吸収塔により、化学的に吸着除去し放射線モニタでの核分裂生成による希ガス放射能濃度の検出効率を向上させることが可能となる。
【0026】
請求項3に係る発明は、前記排ガス放射能測定容器と前記試料採取管の試料ガス開閉弁との間に試料ガス貯留装置を設けてなることを特徴とする。
請求項3に係る発明によれば、排ガス放射線モニタの上流に一時的にサンプリングガスを貯留することが可能な保持容器に導入し、N−13放射能を減衰させ放射線モニタでの核分裂生成による希ガス放射能濃度の検出効率を向上させることが可能となる。
【0027】
請求項4に係る発明は、前記排ガス放射能測定容器と前記試料採取管の試料ガス開閉弁との間にガス分離装置を設けてなることを特徴とする。
請求項4に係る発明によれば、ガス分離膜によりN−13やAr−41を分離除去することにより、放射線モニタでの核分裂生成による希ガス放射能濃度の検出効率を向上させることが可能となる。
【0028】
請求項5に係る発明は、原子炉からタービンへ接続する主蒸気管および前記タービンからの蒸気を復水する主復水器から空気抽出した排ガスを気体廃棄物処理系に流入する排ガス系配管に排ガス放射線モニタを設け、前記原子炉から前記排ガス放射線モニタまでの経過時間を求めるために、前記原子炉と前記主復水器との間に設けた給水配管に非放射性希ガスを一時的に注入し、前記原子炉内での放射化により生成する放射性希ガスをトレーサとして検出し、前記原子炉から前記排ガス放射線モニタまでの時間遅れを算出することを特徴とする。
【0029】
請求項5に係る発明によれば、原子炉から排ガス放射線モニタまでの時間経過を原子炉の上流である給水ラインより、非放射性アルゴンガスを注入し、原子炉での放射化により生じるAr−41の濃度変化を排ガス放射線モニタで検出し、注入から検出までの時間遅れより原子炉から排ガス放射線モニタまでの時間経過を定期または不定期に測定することができる。
【0034】
請求項に係る発明は、N−13放射能濃度を化学的または物理的に減少させてから、前記排ガス放射線モニタにより排ガス放射線レベルを計測することを特徴とする。請求項に係る発明によれば燃料破損検出効率を高めることができる。
【0035】
請求項に係る発明は、前記排ガス放射線モニタ設置場所までの放射性ガスの移行率および移行時間を補正し、プラントの運転状態によるモニタ指示値変化と燃料破損によるモニタ指示値変化を区別することを特徴とする。
【0036】
請求項に係る発明によれば、気体廃棄物処理系放射線モニタへのN−13の影響を軽減し、放射線モニタの放射性希ガスへの感度を高めるとともに、放射線モニタまでのN−13および放射性希ガスの到達率,到達時間を把握し、モニタ指示値を補正することにより、燃料破損検出の感度を高めることができる。
【0037】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1を参照しながら本発明に係る燃料破損検出装置およびその検出方法の第1の実施の形態を説明する。
図1中、図5および図6と同一部分には同一符号を付して重複する部分の説明は省略する。この第1の実施の形態が従来例と異なる点は図1に示すように構成されている。すなわち、原子炉1からタービン4に接続する主蒸気管3から分岐した抽気配管6を通して抽気し、またタービン4からの蒸気を復水にする主復水器5から抽気管8を通して抽気した空気抽出系排ガスを気体廃棄物処理系に流出する排ガス系配管12に第1の流量計30を設ける。
【0038】
前記排ガス系配管12から分岐して試料採取管16を接続し、この試料採取管16に排ガス放射能測定容器21を接続し、この測定容器21内に排ガス放射線モニタ20を設け、前記主復水器に接続する復水系配管37に復水ポンプ38および第2の流量計32を設け、復水ポンプ38と第2の流量計32との間に復水系放射線モニタ31を設ける。
【0039】
復水系配管37の第2の流量計32と原子炉1とを接続する給水配管19にトレーサガス注入弁33を設け、このトレーサガス注入弁33をトレーサガス源としてのトレーサガスボンベ35に接続する。前記第1の流量計30,排ガス放射線モニタ20,復水放射線モニタ31,第2の流量計32およびトレーサガス注入弁33を燃料破損監視装置34に電気的に接続している。
【0040】
トレーサガス注入弁33はトレーサガスボンベ35に配管接続するとともに、トレーサガス注入操作リモートスイッチ(RMS)36に電気的に接続し、RMS36は燃料破損監視装置34に電気的に接続している。トレーサガスとしてはアルゴンガスを使用する。
【0041】
つぎに、図1により前処理装置を持つ排ガス放射線モニタ20を用いて、放射性希ガス発生率を評価するための方法および装置について併せて説明する。
遠隔操作により原子炉1の上流からトレーサガスボンベ35からトレーサガス注入弁33を操作し、トレーサガスボンベ35に充填した非放射性アルゴンガスを原子炉1内に一時的に注入する。原子炉1に注入された非放射性アルゴンの一部は、原子炉1内で放射化され、Ar−41が生じる。
【0042】
このAr−41は、同時に水の放射化により生じたn−13ガスや放射線分解ガス(H,O),インリーク空気,原子炉蒸気とともに主蒸気管3を経て主復水器6に流入する。
【0043】
一時的な注入により濃度上昇したAr−41は排ガス放射線モニタ20により、その変化が検出されるが、注入から検出までの時間遅れが原子炉1から排ガス放射線モニタ20までの時間経過を示すことになり、これは燃料破損監視装置34により、アルゴン注入時間と排ガス放射線モニタ20の指示値変化時間から定期または不定期に求めることができる。
【0044】
つぎに、排ガス系配管12に設けた排ガス用第1の流量計30の指示値も燃料破損監視装置34に取り入れられ、例えばシチレータからなる排ガス放射線モニタ20の指示値と、モニタ検出効率,第1の流量計30の指示値から、排ガスサンプル点での希ガス放出率を求めることができる。
【0045】
なお、排ガス放射線モニタ20の指示値はXe−133 ,Kr−85m等の複数の放射性核種の総量として得られることから、希ガス核種毎の放出率を求めるためには、事前に図6に示すバイアル試料びん23を用いて希ガス放射能濃度を事前に求めておき、排ガス放射線モニタ20の指示値との間に換算係数を求めておく必要がある。
【0046】
また、先に説明をした原子炉1から排ガス放射線モニタ20までの時間遅れによる時間減衰を考慮して、試料採取ポイントにおける希ガス放射能放出率から排ガス系への希ガス移行率を燃料破損監視装置34で算出する。
【0047】
更に、復水系配管37に設けた復水用第2の流量計32の指示値も燃料破損監視装置34に取り入れられ、復水系放射線モニタ31の指示値に、この流量値を乗ずることにより、復水系への希ガス移行率を求めることができる。つぎに、先に求めた排ガス系への希ガス移行率と加算することにより原子炉1での希ガス放射能発生率を燃料破損監視装置34で算出する。
【0048】
なお、復水系放射線モニタ31の指示値はN−13,N−16,Xe−133 ,Kr−85m等の復水に溶解した複数の放射性核種の総量として得られることから、放射性ガス核種毎の放出率を求めるためには、事前にオンライン核種分析装置等を用いて復水の放射能濃度を事前に求めておき、復水系放射線モニタ31の指示値との間に換算係数を求めておく必要がある。
【0049】
つぎに図2により本発明に係る燃料破損検出装置の第2の実施の形態を説明する。
図2において、試料採取管16に設けた試料ガス開閉弁24と排ガス放射能測定容器21との間に一酸化窒素酸化装置39と五酸化二窒素吸収装置入口バイパス弁40とを直列接続し、一酸化窒素酸化装置39と入口バイパス弁40との間から分岐して五酸化二窒素吸収装置入口弁41を介して五酸化二窒素吸収装置42を設け、この五酸化二窒素吸収装置42の排気側を排気ガス放射能測定容器21の流入側に接続する。この五酸化二窒素吸収装置42内には苛性ソーダ43が収納されている。
【0050】
また、試料ガス開閉弁24と一酸化窒素酸化装置39との間から分岐してオゾン発生容器44が配管接続している。オゾン発生容器44には酸素ボンベ45が酸素ボンベ出口弁46および流量計47を介して配管接続している。また、オゾン発生容器44は高電圧発生装置48が接続している。オゾン発生容器44と試料採取管16との間から分岐して安全弁49を有する逃し配管50が接続している。
【0051】
上記構成において、原子炉水が放射化されて生成するN−13は、通常一酸化窒素(NO)の化学形態で主蒸気側に移行する。図1において、気体廃棄物処理系活性炭ホールドアップ塔13入口の排ガス系配管12から排ガス試料採取配管16を介し取り出された試料ガスは図2に示す一酸化窒素酸化装置39に導入される。
【0052】
また、一酸化窒素酸化装置39の上流には、試料ガスとともにオゾンガスが流入する構成となっている。オゾンガスは酸素ボンベ45から供給される酸素ガスをオゾン発生容器44内で電子放電することにより得られる。
【0053】
試料ガスに含まれる一酸化窒素ガスはオゾンガスと共存する状態で一酸化窒素酸化装置39内を通る過程で五酸化二窒素(N)に酸化される。五酸化二窒素ガスは五酸化二窒素吸収装置42内に収納された苛性ソーダ溶液43に吸収された後、排ガス放射能測定容器21に導入される。
【0054】
これら一連の処理により、排ガス放射能濃度を排ガス放射線モニタ20で計測するとき、原子炉1から発生してくるN−13による放射線モニタ指示値の上昇分を抑制することが可能となる。
【0055】
つぎに図3により本発明に係る燃料破損検出装置の第3の実施の形態を説明する。
本実施の形態は試料採取管16の試料ガス開閉弁24と排ガス放射能測定容器21との間に試料ガス貯留装置51を設けたことにある。その他の構成は第1の実施の形態と同様である。
【0056】
本実施の形態によれば、図1において、気体廃棄物処理系活性炭ホールドアップ塔13入口の排ガス系配管12から排ガスの試料採取管16を介し取り出された試料ガスは図3に示す試料ガス貯留装置51に導入される。試料ガス貯留装置51を通過する過程においてN−13放射能濃度は半減期に従って減衰し、排ガス放射能測定容器21に導入される。
【0057】
一方、希ガス放射能のうち、N−13と同等もしくはそれ以下の半減期を持つ希ガスも減衰することになるが、燃料破損が生じた場合、N−13に比べ半減期の長い放射性希ガスの発生量も増大するため、試料ガス貯留装置51を設置することにより検出感度は上昇する。
【0058】
これら一連の処理により、排ガス放射能濃度を排ガス放射線モニタ20で計測するとき、原子炉から発生してくるN−13による放射線モニタ指示値の上昇分を低減することが可能となる。
【0059】
つぎに図4により本発明に係る燃料破損検出装置の第4の実施の形態を説明する。
本実施の形態は試料採取管16の試料ガス開閉弁24と排ガス放射能測定容器21との間にキャリアガス供給配管52,ガス分離装置53および試料ガス二次圧調整弁54を直列接続したことにある。キャリアガス供給配管52には流量計55,キャリアガスボンベ出口弁56およびキャリアガスボンベ57が接続されている。ガス分離装置53には複数のガス分離膜筒58が内蔵し、ガス分離膜筒58は例えば中空糸膜モジュールを組込んだもので、出口側には分離ガス排気ポンプ59と分離ガス排気弁60が接続している。
【0060】
図1において、気体廃棄物処理系活性炭ホールドアップ塔13入口の排ガス系配管12から排ガス試料採取配管16を介して取り出された試料ガスは図4に示すガス分離装置53に導入される、ガス分離装置53を通過する過程において放射能希ガスに比べて分子半径の小さな一酸化窒素ガスやアルゴンガスはガス分離膜筒58を透過して、排気ポンプ59により系外に除去される。
【0061】
また、ガス分離膜58ではサンプルガスの大半を占める窒素ガス(N)や、酸素ガス(O)も系外除去されるためガス分離装置37下流のサンプル流量が減少してしまう。このためガス分離装置53の上流よりガス分離膜筒58を透過しない程度の大きさを持つガスをキャリアガスボンベ57から供給する。キャリアガスとしては、非放射性のクリプトンガスやキセノンガスあるいはプロポパンガス等の高分子ガスが適用できる。
【0062】
以上から、ガス分離装置53の下流側には核分裂で生じるクリプトンやキセノンの放射性同位元素のガス分とキャリアガスが流出し、排ガス放射能測定容器21に導入される。
【0063】
これら一連の処理により、排ガス放射能濃度を排ガス放射線モニタ20で計測するとき、原子炉1から発生してくるN−13やAr−41による放射線モニタ指示値上昇分を抑制することが可能となる。
【0064】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、沸騰水型原子力発電所における排ガス放射線モニタ指示値の燃料破損に伴う放射性希ガス以外の原子炉での放射化ガスによる上昇分を抑制し、その検出感度を高めるとともに、排ガス流量の変化や主復水器の真空度変化による放射能モニタ指示値を補正し、原子炉での希ガス発生率を連続的に監視することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る燃料破損検出装置およびその検出方法の第1の実施の形態を説明するための系統構成図。
【図2】本発明に係る燃料破損検出装置の第2の実施の形態を説明するための機器配置図。
【図3】本発明に係る燃料破損検出装置の第3の実施の形態を説明するための機器配置図。
【図4】本発明に係る燃料破損検出装置の第4の実施の形態を説明するための機器配置図。
【図5】従来の沸騰水型原子力発電所における燃料破損検出装置を説明するための系統構成図。
【図6】図5における排ガス放射線モニタを示す機器配置図。
【符号の説明】
1…原子炉、2…炉心、3…主蒸気管、4…タービン、5…主復水器、6…抽気配管、7…空気抽出器、8…抽気管、9…排ガス再結合器、10…排ガス復水器、11…排ガス復水器ドレンライン、12…排ガス系配管、13(13a,13b,13c)…活性炭ホールドアップ塔、14…排ガス真空ポンプ、15…主排気筒排ガス試料取り出しライン、16…試料採取管、17…排ガス試料戻りライン、18…排ガス試料回収ライン、19…給水配管、20…排ガス放射線モニタ、21…排ガス放射能測定容器、22…排ガス放射線モニタ記録計、23…バイアル試料びん、24…試料ガス開閉弁、25…バイアル試料びんへの流路配管、26,27…試料戻りラインへの流路配管、28…ポンプ、29…弁、30…第1の流量計、31…復水系放射線モニタ、32…第2の流量計、33…トレーサガス注入弁、34…燃料破損監視装置、35…トレーサガスボンベ、36…トレーサガス操作リモートスイッチ、37…復水系配管、38…復水ポンプ、39…一酸化窒素酸化装置、40…五酸化二窒素吸収装置バイパス弁、41…五酸化二窒素吸収装置入口弁、42…五酸化二窒素吸収装置、43…苛性ソーダ溶液、44…オゾン発生容器、45…酸素ボンベ、46…酸素ボンベ出口弁、47…流量計、48…高電圧発生装置、49…安全弁、50…逃し配管、51…試料ガス貯留装置、52…キャリアガス供給配管、53…ガス分離装置、54…試料ガス二次圧調整弁、55…流量計、56…キャリアガスボンベ出口弁、57…キャリアガスボンベ、58…ガス分離膜筒、59…分離ガス排気ポンプ、60…分離ガス排気弁。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention improves the detection efficiency of fuel damage in a nuclear reactor at a nuclear power plant, changes the concentration of rare gas radioactivity due to a change in exhaust gas flow, time decay of rare gas nuclides from the reactor, condensing system and gas waste treatment. The present invention relates to a fuel damage detection device having a function capable of automatically calculating a rare gas generation rate in a nuclear reactor by correcting a transfer rate ratio to a system, and a detection method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 5 is an outline of a primary plant in a boiling water nuclear power plant and a device layout of a gas waste treatment system. FIG. 6 is a device layout of an exhaust gas radioactivity measurement device grounded to the gas waste treatment system in FIG. FIG.
[0003]
In FIG. 5, nuclear fuel in a reactor core 2 loaded in a nuclear reactor 1 generates heat by a nuclear fission reaction, and causes the reactor water to boil. At that time, the generated steam flows into the turbine 4 through the main steam pipe 3, and the turbine 4 is rotated to drive a generator to generate power.
[0004]
Most of the gas flowing in the main steam pipe 3 is steam generated by boiling of the reactor water. In the steam, the reactor water is radioactively decomposed and generated by radiation energy generated by nuclear fission of nuclear fuel. Non-condensable gas such as hydrogen gas, oxygen gas and radioactive rare gas slightly generated from nuclear fuel, and air (in-leak air) entering from piping and equipment connected to the main condenser 5 are included.
[0005]
After flowing into the main condenser 5, these non-condensable gases are extracted to the gas waste treatment system side by an air extractor 7 utilizing a part of the reactor steam through an extraction pipe 6 branched from the main steam pipe 3. You. From the air extractor 7, the driving steam and the non-condensable gas used for the extraction flow out together and flow into the exhaust gas recombiner 9.
[0006]
In the exhaust gas recombiner 9, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated by the radiolysis of the reactor water are turned into water (steam) by the action of the catalyst filled in the exhaust gas recombiner 9. Next, the driving steam, the recombined water, the in-leak air, and the like are introduced into the exhaust gas condenser 10 and cooled therein, so that the driving steam and the recombined water pass through the exhaust gas condenser drain pipe 11 to the main condenser. Collected in the water dispenser 4.
[0007]
On the other hand, non-condensable gas mainly composed of radioactive rare gas generated from in-leak air and nuclear fuel passes from the gas phase portion of the exhaust gas condenser 10 through the exhaust gas piping 12, through the activated carbon hold-up towers 13a to 13c, and into the exhaust gas vacuum. The water is guided to the main exhaust pipe 15 by the pump 14 and discharged into the atmosphere.
[0008]
The activated carbon hold-up tower 13 is designed so that the radioactive rare gas is attenuated while being adsorbed and desorbed and is discharged from the main stack 15 so that the radioactive rare gas radioactivity concentration level is equal to or lower than a certain value. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 16 denotes a sample collection pipe, 17 denotes a sample return line, 18 denotes a sample collection line, 19 denotes a water supply pipe, 37 denotes a condensate pipe, and 38 denotes a condensate pump.
[0009]
The nuclear fuel assembly loaded in the core 2 of the nuclear reactor 1 generates a small amount of radioactive rare gas even during normal operation due to contaminated uranium and the like adhering to the fuel surface, but if the nuclear fuel is damaged, The amount of radioactive rare gas generated increases.
[0010]
Conventionally, in order to monitor the damage of nuclear fuel in the nuclear reactor 1, the outlet gas of the exhaust gas condenser 10 is sampled from an exhaust gas sampling pipe 16 provided at the inlet of the activated carbon hold-up tower 13 of the exhaust gas main pipe 12, and FIG. Is introduced into an exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21 having a built-in exhaust gas radiation monitor 20 shown in (1), and a change in monitor indicated value is monitored by an exhaust gas radiation monitor recorder 22.
[0011]
Although the exhaust gas radioactivity concentration is continuously measured by the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20, the radioactivity concentration of the nuclide in the exhaust gas is periodically or irregularly measured using the vial sample bottle 23 shown in FIG. Is measured by removing the vial sample bottle 23 and performing gamma-ray nuclide analysis.
[0012]
Normally, a conversion coefficient is calculated from the correlation between the nuclide analysis result and the measurement value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20, and the exhaust gas radioactivity concentration composition is obtained from the measurement value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 24 denotes a sample gas on-off valve, 25 denotes a flow path pipe to a vial sample bottle, 26 and 27 denote flow path pipes to a sample return line, 28 denotes a pump, and 29 denotes a valve.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, an exhaust gas radiation monitor 20 installed in a gaseous waste treatment system has been known to emit radioactive rare gas generated from nuclear fuel and N-13 generated by activation of oxygen atoms, which are the main components of water, in the reactor 1. The total amount of γ-rays from each of Ar-41 generated by activating the non-radioactive argon gas contained in the activated gas and in leak air in the nuclear reactor is measured.
[0014]
If the nuclear fuel in the nuclear reactor is damaged, the concentration of the radioactive rare gas generated by nuclear fission changes, and the indicated value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20 increases. However, the radioactivity concentration of N-13 caused by activation of oxygen atoms contained in water and Ar-41 produced by activation of non-radioactive argon contained in in-leak air does not depend on whether or not nuclear fuel is damaged.
[0015]
For this reason, when the radioactive concentration level of N-13 and Ar-41 generated by other than nuclear fission of nuclear fuel is higher than the concentration of radioactive rare gas generated by nuclear fission, the detection accuracy of the increase in radioactive rare gas concentration generated by fuel damage is detected. Could be reduced.
[0016]
Also, if the in-leak air flow rate changes, the concentration of radioactive rare gas radioactivity and the arrival time from the reactor to the exhaust gas radiation monitor will change, and the indicated value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor will change significantly, resulting in erroneous detection of fuel damage detection. May emit a signal.
[0017]
Furthermore, when the degree of vacuum in the main condenser is adjusted, the gas-liquid equilibrium in the main condenser is temporarily disrupted, and the amount of radioactive gas transferred to the gas waste treatment system and the radioactive There was a possibility that the ratio of the gas amount might change greatly.
[0018]
For this reason, the detection sensitivity of radioactive noble gas by the exhaust gas radiation monitor installed in the gas waste treatment system is increased, the influence of the monitor indicated value fluctuation due to the change of the exhaust gas flow rate, and the reactor after the vacuum fluctuation in the condenser It is an important task to correct the radioactive rare gas generation rate evaluation value in the above.
[0019]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and reduces the influence of N-13 on a radiation monitor for gaseous waste treatment, increases the sensitivity of the radiation monitor to radioactive rare gases, and detects fuel damage. An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel damage detection device and a detection method thereof that can increase sensitivity.
[0020]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is that the exhaust gas extracted from the main steam pipe connected from the reactor to the turbine by the air extractor and the exhaust gas extracted by the air extractor from the main condenser for condensing the steam from the turbine is condensed. A first flow meter is provided in an exhaust gas pipe for flowing into an activated carbon hold-up tower of a gaseous waste treatment system, and one end of a sampling pipe is branched from the exhaust pipe and connected to one end of the sampling pipe. The end is connected to an exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container, an exhaust gas radiation monitor is provided in the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container, and a condensate pump and a second flow meter are provided through a condensate pipe connected to the main condenser. A condensate radiation monitor is provided between the condensate pump and the second flow meter, and a tracer gas injection valve is connected by branching off from a water supply pipe connecting the second flow meter and the reactor. And this tracer gas The inlet valve is connected to a tracer gas source, and the first flow meter, the exhaust gas radiation monitor, the condensate radiation monitor, the second flow meter, and the tracer gas injection valve are electrically connected to a fuel damage monitoring device. It is characterized by.
[0021]
According to the invention according to claim 1, the radioactivity concentration level of the activation product gas N-13 or the like generated in the nuclear reactor is adjusted upstream of the exhaust gas radiation monitor installed in the gaseous waste treatment system in the nuclear power plant. By having a facility for chemically or physically lowering the radioactive gas, it is possible to increase the detection sensitivity of the change in the radioactive concentration of the radioactive rare gas, which rises due to fuel damage.
[0022]
In addition, the elapsed time from the reactor to the exhaust gas radiation monitor is measured using a tracer that artificially injects it into the reactor, and based on the elapsed time, the exhaust gas flow rate, and the indicated value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor, the in-leak air fluctuates. The change in the indicated value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor at this time can be corrected.
[0023]
In addition, the concentration of radioactivity transferred to the condensate system is measured with a radiation monitor installed in the condensate system, and the radioactive gas transfer rate to the condensate system is calculated together with the condensate flow rate signal. By correcting the ratio of shifting to the gaseous waste treatment system, it is possible to automatically calculate the radioactive rare gas generation rate evaluation value in the nuclear reactor.
[0024]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a nitric oxide oxidizing device and a nitrous oxide pentoxide absorbing device are provided between the exhaust gas radioactivity measuring container and the sample gas on-off valve of the sampling tube.
[0025]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, N-13, which is an activation product gas generated in a nuclear reactor, is installed upstream of the exhaust gas radiation monitor installed in the gaseous waste treatment system. The gas oxidizing device and the nitrogen oxide absorption tower can chemically remove by adsorption and improve the detection efficiency of the rare gas radioactivity concentration by fission generation in the radiation monitor.
[0026]
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a sample gas storage device is provided between the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container and the sample gas switching valve of the sample collection tube.
According to the invention according to claim 3, the sampling gas is introduced into the holding container capable of temporarily storing the sampling gas upstream of the exhaust gas radiation monitor, the N-13 radioactivity is attenuated, and the rare gas due to fission generation in the radiation monitor is reduced. It is possible to improve the detection efficiency of the gas radioactivity concentration.
[0027]
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that a gas separation device is provided between the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container and the sample gas switching valve of the sample collection tube.
According to the invention of claim 4, by separating and removing N-13 and Ar-41 by the gas separation membrane, it is possible to improve the detection efficiency of the rare gas radioactivity concentration by fission generation in the radiation monitor. Become.
[0028]
The invention according to claim 5 is directed to an exhaust gas system pipe for flowing exhaust gas extracted from a main steam pipe connected from a reactor to a turbine and a main condenser for condensing steam from the turbine into a gas waste treatment system. An exhaust gas radiation monitor is provided, and a non-radioactive rare gas is temporarily injected into a water supply pipe provided between the reactor and the main condenser in order to determine an elapsed time from the reactor to the exhaust gas radiation monitor. Then, a radioactive rare gas generated by activation in the reactor is detected as a tracer, and a time delay from the reactor to the exhaust gas radiation monitor is calculated.
[0029]
According to the invention according to claim 5, the time lapse from the reactor to the exhaust gas radiation monitor is performed by injecting a non-radioactive argon gas from a water supply line upstream of the reactor and Ar-41 generated by activation in the reactor. The change in concentration of the gas is detected by the exhaust gas radiation monitor, and the time lapse from the reactor to the exhaust gas radiation monitor can be measured regularly or irregularly based on the time delay from injection to detection.
[0034]
The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the exhaust gas radiation level is measured by the exhaust gas radiation monitor after the N- 13 radioactivity concentration is reduced chemically or physically. According to the invention of claim 6 , the efficiency of fuel damage detection can be increased.
[0035]
The invention according to claim 7 corrects the transition rate and the transition time of the radioactive gas to the exhaust gas radiation monitor installation location, and distinguishes between the monitor instruction value change due to the plant operation state and the monitor instruction value change due to fuel damage. Features.
[0036]
According to the invention according to claim 7 , the influence of N-13 on the radiation monitor for gaseous waste treatment is reduced, the sensitivity of the radiation monitor to the radioactive rare gas is increased, and the N-13 and radioactivity up to the radiation monitor are reduced. By grasping the arrival rate and arrival time of the rare gas and correcting the monitor instruction value, the sensitivity of fuel damage detection can be increased.
[0037]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A first embodiment of a fuel damage detection device and a fuel damage detection method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 1, the same portions as those in FIGS. 5 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the overlapping portions will be omitted. The difference between the first embodiment and the conventional example is that it is configured as shown in FIG. That is, air is extracted through a bleed pipe 6 branched from a main steam pipe 3 connected from the reactor 1 to the turbine 4, and air extracted through a bleed pipe 8 from a main condenser 5 for condensing steam from the turbine 4. A first flow meter 30 is provided in an exhaust gas piping 12 for discharging system exhaust gas to a gas waste treatment system.
[0038]
The exhaust pipe 12 is connected to a sampling pipe 16, a sampling pipe 16 is connected to an exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21, and an exhaust gas radiation monitor 20 is provided in the measurement vessel 21. A condensate pump 38 and a second flow meter 32 are provided in a condensate system pipe 37 connected to the vessel, and a condensate radiation monitor 31 is provided between the condensate pump 38 and the second flow meter 32.
[0039]
A tracer gas injection valve 33 is provided in the water supply pipe 19 connecting the second flow meter 32 of the condensate system pipe 37 and the reactor 1, and the tracer gas injection valve 33 is connected to a tracer gas cylinder 35 as a tracer gas source. The first flow meter 30, the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20, the condensed radiation monitor 31, the second flow meter 32, and the tracer gas injection valve 33 are electrically connected to a fuel damage monitoring device.
[0040]
The tracer gas injection valve 33 is connected to a tracer gas cylinder 35 by piping, and is also electrically connected to a tracer gas injection operation remote switch (RMS) 36, and the RMS 36 is electrically connected to a fuel damage monitoring device 34. Argon gas is used as a tracer gas.
[0041]
Next, a method and an apparatus for evaluating a radioactive rare gas generation rate using an exhaust gas radiation monitor 20 having a pretreatment apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
By operating the tracer gas injection valve 33 from the tracer gas cylinder 35 from the upstream of the reactor 1 by remote control, the non-radioactive argon gas filled in the tracer gas cylinder 35 is temporarily injected into the reactor 1. A part of the non-radioactive argon injected into the reactor 1 is activated in the reactor 1 to generate Ar-41.
[0042]
The Ar-41 simultaneously flows into the main condenser 6 via the main steam pipe 3 together with the n-13 gas, radiolysis gas (H 2 , O 2 ), in-leak air, and reactor steam generated by the activation of water. I do.
[0043]
The change in the concentration of Ar-41, which has been increased by the temporary injection, is detected by the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20, but the time delay from the injection to the detection indicates the time lapse from the reactor 1 to the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20. In other words, this can be determined by the fuel damage monitoring device 34 regularly or irregularly from the argon injection time and the indicated value change time of the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20.
[0044]
Next, the indicated value of the first exhaust gas flow meter 30 provided in the exhaust gas system pipe 12 is also taken into the fuel damage monitoring device 34, and the indicated value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20 composed of, for example, a scintillator, the monitor detection efficiency, and the first The noble gas release rate at the exhaust gas sampling point can be obtained from the indicated value of the flow meter 30 of the above.
[0045]
Since the indicated value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20 is obtained as the total amount of a plurality of radionuclides such as Xe-133, Kr-85m, etc., in order to obtain the emission rate for each noble gas nuclide, it is shown in FIG. It is necessary to obtain the noble gas radioactivity concentration in advance using the vial sample bottle 23 and obtain a conversion coefficient between the concentration and the indicated value of the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20.
[0046]
Further, taking into account the time decay due to the time delay from the reactor 1 to the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20 described above, the rate of rare gas transfer from the rare gas radioactivity release rate to the exhaust gas system at the sampling point is monitored for fuel damage. The calculation is performed by the device 34.
[0047]
Further, the indicated value of the second condensate flow meter 32 provided in the condensate system pipe 37 is also taken into the fuel damage monitoring device 34, and the indicated value of the condensate system radiation monitor 31 is multiplied by this flow value to obtain the condensate. The transfer rate of the rare gas into the water system can be determined. Next, by adding the rare gas transfer rate to the exhaust gas system previously determined, the rare gas radioactivity generation rate in the reactor 1 is calculated by the fuel damage monitoring device 34.
[0048]
In addition, the indication value of the condensate radiation monitor 31 is obtained as the total amount of a plurality of radionuclides dissolved in condensate such as N-13, N-16, Xe-133, and Kr-85m. In order to determine the release rate, it is necessary to determine the radioactivity concentration of condensate in advance using an on-line nuclide analyzer or the like, and to obtain a conversion coefficient between the concentration and the indicated value of the condensate radiation monitor 31. There is.
[0049]
Next, a second embodiment of the fuel damage detection device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 2, a nitric oxide oxidizing device 39 and a dinitrogen pentoxide absorbing device inlet bypass valve 40 are connected in series between a sample gas on-off valve 24 provided in a sample collecting pipe 16 and an exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21, A branch is made between the nitric oxide oxidizing device 39 and the inlet bypass valve 40, and a nitrous oxide pentoxide absorbing device 42 is provided via a nitrous oxide pentoxide absorbing device inlet valve 41. Side is connected to the inflow side of the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21. The caustic soda 43 is stored in the nitrous oxide pentoxide absorption device 42.
[0050]
Further, an ozone generation container 44 is connected to the sample gas on-off valve 24 and the nitric oxide oxidizing device 39 by piping. An oxygen cylinder 45 is connected to the ozone generation container 44 via an oxygen cylinder outlet valve 46 and a flow meter 47 by piping. The ozone generating container 44 is connected to a high voltage generator 48. A relief pipe 50 having a safety valve 49 and branched from between the ozone generation container 44 and the sampling pipe 16 is connected.
[0051]
In the above configuration, N-13 generated by activating the reactor water usually moves to the main steam side in a chemical form of nitric oxide (NO). 1. In FIG. 1, the sample gas taken out from the exhaust gas pipe 12 at the inlet of the activated carbon hold-up tower 13 of the gaseous waste treatment system via the exhaust gas sampling pipe 16 is introduced into the nitric oxide oxidizer 39 shown in FIG.
[0052]
Further, an ozone gas flows into the upstream of the nitric oxide oxidizing device 39 together with the sample gas. The ozone gas is obtained by electronically discharging the oxygen gas supplied from the oxygen cylinder 45 in the ozone generating container 44.
[0053]
Nitric oxide gas contained in the sample gas is oxidized to dinitrogen pentoxide (N 2 0 5) in the process of passing through the nitric oxide device 39 in a state coexisting with ozone gas. The dinitrogen pentoxide gas is absorbed by the caustic soda solution 43 stored in the dinitrogen pentoxide absorption device 42 and then introduced into the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21.
[0054]
Through a series of these processes, when the exhaust gas radioactivity concentration is measured by the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20, it is possible to suppress an increase in the radiation monitor instruction value due to N-13 generated from the nuclear reactor 1.
[0055]
Next, a third embodiment of the fuel damage detection device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the present embodiment, a sample gas storage device 51 is provided between the sample gas on-off valve 24 of the sample collection pipe 16 and the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0056]
According to the present embodiment, in FIG. 1, the sample gas taken out from the exhaust gas piping 12 at the inlet of the activated carbon hold-up tower 13 of the gaseous waste treatment system via the exhaust gas sampling pipe 16 is the sample gas storage shown in FIG. It is introduced into the device 51. In the process of passing through the sample gas storage device 51, the N-13 radioactivity concentration attenuates according to the half-life and is introduced into the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21.
[0057]
On the other hand, of the noble gas radioactivity, the noble gas having a half life equal to or less than N-13 is also attenuated. However, when the fuel is damaged, the radioactive rare gas having a longer half life than N-13 is used. Since the amount of generated gas also increases, the detection sensitivity is increased by installing the sample gas storage device 51.
[0058]
Through a series of these processes, when the exhaust gas radioactivity concentration is measured by the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20, it is possible to reduce an increase in the radiation monitor instruction value due to N-13 generated from the nuclear reactor.
[0059]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the fuel damage detection device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the present embodiment, a carrier gas supply pipe 52, a gas separator 53, and a sample gas secondary pressure adjusting valve 54 are connected in series between the sample gas on-off valve 24 of the sample collection pipe 16 and the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21. It is in. A flow meter 55, a carrier gas cylinder outlet valve 56, and a carrier gas cylinder 57 are connected to the carrier gas supply pipe 52. The gas separation device 53 incorporates a plurality of gas separation membrane cylinders 58. The gas separation membrane cylinder 58 incorporates, for example, a hollow fiber membrane module, and has a separation gas exhaust pump 59 and a separation gas exhaust valve 60 at the outlet side. Is connected.
[0060]
In FIG. 1, a sample gas taken out from an exhaust gas pipe 12 at an inlet of a gas waste treatment system activated carbon hold-up tower 13 through an exhaust gas sampling pipe 16 is introduced into a gas separation device 53 shown in FIG. In the process of passing through the apparatus 53, nitric oxide gas or argon gas having a smaller molecular radius than the radioactive rare gas passes through the gas separation membrane cylinder 58 and is removed outside the system by the exhaust pump 59.
[0061]
In the gas separation membrane 58, nitrogen gas (N 2 ) and oxygen gas (O 2 ), which occupy most of the sample gas, are also removed from the system, so that the sample flow rate downstream of the gas separation device 37 decreases. For this reason, a gas having a size that does not allow the gas to pass through the gas separation membrane cylinder 58 from the upstream of the gas separation device 53 is supplied from the carrier gas cylinder 57. As the carrier gas, a polymer gas such as a non-radioactive krypton gas, a xenon gas, or a propane gas can be used.
[0062]
From the above, the gas content of the radioisotope of krypton and xenon generated by nuclear fission and the carrier gas flow out of the gas separation device 53 and are introduced into the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container 21.
[0063]
Through a series of these processes, when the exhaust gas radioactivity concentration is measured by the exhaust gas radiation monitor 20, it is possible to suppress an increase in the radiation monitor instruction value caused by N-13 or Ar-41 generated from the reactor 1. .
[0064]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, an increase in the amount of radioactive gas in a reactor other than a radioactive rare gas caused by fuel damage of an exhaust gas radiation monitor instruction value in a boiling water nuclear power plant is suppressed, and the detection sensitivity is increased, and It is possible to continuously monitor the noble gas generation rate in the nuclear reactor by correcting the radioactivity monitor indication value due to the change in the flow rate or the change in the degree of vacuum of the main condenser.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a first embodiment of a fuel damage detection device and a detection method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a device layout diagram for explaining a fuel damage detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a device layout diagram for explaining a third embodiment of the fuel damage detection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a device layout diagram for explaining a fourth embodiment of a fuel damage detection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a fuel damage detection device in a conventional boiling water nuclear power plant.
FIG. 6 is a device layout diagram showing an exhaust gas radiation monitor in FIG. 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reactor, 2 ... Core, 3 ... Main steam pipe, 4 ... Turbine, 5 ... Main condenser, 6 ... Bleed pipe, 7 ... Air extractor, 8 ... Bleed pipe, 9 ... Exhaust gas recombiner, 10 ... exhaust gas condenser, 11 ... exhaust gas condenser drain line, 12 ... exhaust gas piping, 13 (13a, 13b, 13c) ... activated carbon hold-up tower, 14 ... exhaust gas vacuum pump, 15 ... main exhaust cylinder exhaust gas sampling line , 16: sampling tube, 17: exhaust gas sample return line, 18: exhaust gas sample collection line, 19: water supply pipe, 20: exhaust gas radiation monitor, 21: exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container, 22: exhaust gas radiation monitor recorder, 23 ... Vial sample bottle, 24 ... sample gas on / off valve, 25 ... flow path piping to vial sample bottle, 26, 27 ... flow path piping to sample return line, 28 ... pump, 29 ... valve, 30 ... first flow meter , 31 ... Water-based radiation monitor, 32: second flow meter, 33: tracer gas injection valve, 34: fuel damage monitoring device, 35: tracer gas cylinder, 36: remote switch for tracer gas operation, 37: condensate piping, 38: condensate pump Reference numerals 39, nitric oxide oxidizer, 40, nitrous oxide pentoxide bypass valve, 41, nitrous oxide pentoxide inlet valve, 42, nitrous oxide pentoxide absorber, 43, caustic soda solution, 44, ozone generating container , 45 ... oxygen cylinder, 46 ... oxygen cylinder outlet valve, 47 ... flow meter, 48 ... high voltage generator, 49 ... safety valve, 50 ... relief pipe, 51 ... sample gas storage device, 52 ... carrier gas supply pipe, 53 ... Gas separation device, 54: Sample gas secondary pressure regulating valve, 55: Flow meter, 56: Carrier gas cylinder outlet valve, 57: Carrier gas cylinder, 58: Gas separation membrane cylinder, 59 Separation gas exhaust pump, 60 ... separation gas exhaust valve.

Claims (7)

原子炉からタービンに接続する主蒸気管から空気抽出器により抽気し、また前記タービンからの蒸気を復水にする主復水器から空気抽出器により抽気した排ガスを気体廃棄物処理系の活性炭ホールドアップ塔へ流入するための排ガス系配管に第1の流量計を設け、前記排ガス系配管から分岐して試料採取管の一端を接続し、この試料採取管の他端を排ガス放射能測定容器に接続し、この排ガス放射能測定容器に排ガス放射線モニタを設け、前記主復水器に接続した復水系配管を介して復水ポンプおよび第2の流量計を設け、この復水ポンプと前記第2の流量計との間に復水系放射線モニタを設け、前記第2の流量計と前記原子炉との間を接続する給水配管から分岐してトレーサガス注入弁を接続し、このトレーサガス注入弁をトレーサガス源に接続し、前記第1の流量計,排ガス放射線モニタ,復水放射線モニタ,第2の流量計およびトレーサガス注入弁を燃料破損監視装置に電気的に接続してなることを特徴とする燃料破損検出装置。Exhaust gas extracted from the main steam pipe connected from the reactor to the turbine by the air extractor, and exhaust gas extracted from the main condenser for condensing steam from the turbine by the air extractor is activated carbon hold in a gas waste treatment system. A first flow meter is provided in an exhaust gas pipe for flowing into the up tower, and one end of a sampling pipe is connected to a branch from the exhaust gas pipe, and the other end of the sampling pipe is connected to an exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container. The exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container is provided with an exhaust gas radiation monitor, and a condensate pump and a second flow meter are provided via a condensate pipe connected to the main condenser. A condensate radiation monitor is provided between the second flowmeter and the reactor, and a tracer gas injection valve is connected by branching from a water supply pipe connecting the second flowmeter and the reactor. Tracer gas source Wherein the first flow meter, the exhaust gas radiation monitor, the condensate radiation monitor, the second flow meter, and the tracer gas injection valve are electrically connected to a fuel damage monitoring device. apparatus. 前記排ガス放射能測定容器と前記試料採取管の試料ガス開閉弁との間に一酸化窒素酸化装置および五酸化二窒素吸収装置を設けてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料破損検出装置。2. A fuel damage detecting device according to claim 1, wherein a nitric oxide oxidizing device and a dinitrogen pentoxide absorbing device are provided between the exhaust gas radioactivity measuring container and the sample gas on-off valve of the sample collecting tube. . 前記排ガス放射能測定容器と前記試料採取管の試料ガス開閉弁との間に試料ガス貯留装置を設けてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料破損検出装置。The fuel damage detection device according to claim 1, wherein a sample gas storage device is provided between the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container and the sample gas on-off valve of the sample collection tube. 前記排ガス放射能測定容器と前記試料採取管の試料ガス開閉弁との間にガス分離装置を設けてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料破損検出装置。The fuel breakage detection device according to claim 1, wherein a gas separation device is provided between the exhaust gas radioactivity measurement container and the sample gas on-off valve of the sample collection tube. 原子炉からタービンへ接続する主蒸気管および前記タービンからの蒸気を復水する主復水器から空気抽出した排ガスを気体廃棄物処理系に流入する排ガス系配管に排ガス放射線モニタを設け、前記原子炉から前記排ガス放射線モニタまでの経過時間を求めるために、前記原子炉と前記主復水器との間に設けた給水配管に非放射性希ガスを一時的に注入し、前記原子炉内での放射化により生成する放射性希ガスをトレーサとして検出し、前記原子炉から前記排ガス放射線モニタまでの時間遅れを算出することを特徴とする燃料破損検出方法。An exhaust gas radiation monitor is provided on an exhaust gas system pipe for flowing exhaust gas extracted from a main steam pipe connected from a reactor to a turbine and a main condenser for condensing steam from the turbine into a gas waste treatment system, In order to determine the elapsed time from the reactor to the exhaust gas radiation monitor, a non-radioactive rare gas is temporarily injected into a water supply pipe provided between the reactor and the main condenser, and the A fuel damage detection method, comprising detecting a radioactive rare gas generated by activation as a tracer and calculating a time delay from the reactor to the exhaust gas radiation monitor. −13放射能濃度を化学的または物理的に減少させてから、前記排ガス放射線モニタにより排ガス放射線レベルを計測することを特徴とする請求項5記載の燃料破損検出方法。 6. The fuel damage detection method according to claim 5 , wherein the exhaust gas radiation level is measured by the exhaust gas radiation monitor after the N- 13 activity concentration is chemically or physically reduced. 前記排ガス放射線モニタ設置場所までの放射性ガスの移行率および移行時間を補正し、プラントの運転状態によるモニタ指示値変化と燃料破損によるモニタ指示値変化を区別することを特徴とする請求項5記載の燃料破損検出方法。6. The method according to claim 5, wherein a transition rate and a transition time of the radioactive gas to the installation location of the exhaust gas radiation monitor are corrected, and a monitor instruction value change due to a plant operation state and a monitor instruction value change due to fuel damage are distinguished. Fuel damage detection method.
JP02223197A 1997-02-05 1997-02-05 Fuel damage detection device and its detection method Expired - Fee Related JP3592474B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP02223197A JP3592474B2 (en) 1997-02-05 1997-02-05 Fuel damage detection device and its detection method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP02223197A JP3592474B2 (en) 1997-02-05 1997-02-05 Fuel damage detection device and its detection method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10221483A JPH10221483A (en) 1998-08-21
JP3592474B2 true JP3592474B2 (en) 2004-11-24

Family

ID=12077031

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP02223197A Expired - Fee Related JP3592474B2 (en) 1997-02-05 1997-02-05 Fuel damage detection device and its detection method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3592474B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4690757B2 (en) * 2005-03-25 2011-06-01 株式会社東芝 Off-gas transition time evaluation method and damaged fuel cell identification system
CN113155561B (en) * 2021-03-31 2024-12-06 杭州谱育科技发展有限公司 Device and method for providing nitrogen pentoxide standard gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH10221483A (en) 1998-08-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5080693A (en) Tritium monitor and collection system
CN102426866A (en) Monitoring method and system for leakage at pressure boundary of primary coolant system in nuclear power station
Magnusson et al. 14 C in spent ion-exchange resins and process water from nuclear reactors: A method for quantitative determination of organic and inorganic fractions
Uchrin et al. 14C release from a Soviet-designed pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant
CN114216952A (en) Method for measuring tritium content in air
JP3592474B2 (en) Fuel damage detection device and its detection method
JPH0575998B2 (en)
Tanaka et al. Initial operation results of exhaust detritiation system using a polymer membrane
CN220913061U (en) A test device for evaluating the performance of methyl iodide absorption liquid
JP4690757B2 (en) Off-gas transition time evaluation method and damaged fuel cell identification system
JP2004170330A (en) Noble gas radioactivity concentration monitoring device and noble gas radioactivity concentration measurement method
Koarashi et al. A simple and reliable monitoring system for 3H and 14C in radioactive airborne effluent
Wang et al. The Design and Development of the Process Radiation Monitoring System of the High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) in China
JP2011137700A (en) Leakage detector
Snellman Sampling and monitoring of carbon-14 in gaseous effluents from nuclear facilities-a literature survey
RU142177U1 (en) DEVICE FOR CONTROL OF SATURATION OF ADSORBER BY TRITED WATER
RU2622107C1 (en) Method of inspection of the fuel collision of the shells of fuels of the worked heat-fuel assembly of transport nuclear energy installations
Wang et al. The Design and Development of the Process Radiation Monitoring System of the HTGR in China
Molnar et al. Measurement of beta-emitters in the air around the Paks NPP, Hungary
JPS62210032A (en) Activated carbon adsorption performance test method for rare gas hold-up equipment
Burnette et al. CHEMICAL IMPURITIES IN THE HELIUM COOLANT AT THE PEACH BOTTOM HTGR.
Zhu et al. Design of the Gas Sampling and Analyzing System of HTR-PM
Corneli et al. Memory effects in measurements of low tritium concentrations as required for the outlet of the TEP system of the ITER fuel cycle
Kalyanam et al. ITER SAFETY TASK NID-5D: Operational tritium loss and accident investigation for heat transport and water detritiation systems
Sion Tritium Detection and Measurement at Darlington’s Tritium Removal Facility (TRF)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A711 Notification of change in applicant

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712

Effective date: 20040319

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20040528

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20040601

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20040728

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20040824

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20040825

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20070903

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080903

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080903

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090903

Year of fee payment: 5

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees