JP3592602B2 - Moving object operation management method, system and constituent devices thereof - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, for example, data relating to the operation status of a moving object such as a vehicle is recorded on a recording medium such as an IC chip-mounted card or a memory card, and the behavior of the vehicle and the driver's The present invention relates to an operation management system capable of appropriately managing an operation state by analyzing driving tendency and the like in detail.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art There is known a data recorder which measures a behavior characteristic of a vehicle or the like by a sensor and writes measurement data measured by the sensor to a recording medium. The data recorder is attached to a predetermined location of the vehicle, and is taken out of the vehicle after the measurement is completed. The measurement data written on the taken-out recording medium is analyzed by the analysis device and used for detecting a dangerous driving operation or the like.
[0003]
Conventionally, there are the following two methods for writing measurement data to such a data recorder.
In the first method, when a behavior that satisfies a predetermined condition (hereinafter, such behavior is referred to as an “event”) is detected, a time period from when the event occurs to when a preset time has elapsed is detected. Write the measurement data to the recording medium. The occurrence of the event is determined based on, for example, whether the measured data exceeds a predetermined value (threshold).
In the second method, the measurement data is sampled as needed, and the sampling result is developed in a buffer at a certain time unit (meaning of temporary recording, the same applies hereinafter). When the occurrence of the event is detected, the data development to the buffer is continued for a predetermined time, and then all the measurement data in the buffer is written to the storage medium.
In the first method, the measurement data after the occurrence of the event is written to the recording medium, and in the second method, the measurement data before and after the occurrence of the event is written to the recording medium.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described first or second method, a behavior at the time of a traffic accident or a dangerous behavior that may cause a traffic accident is written as an event on a recording medium of a data recorder. However, the use form of the data recorder is not necessarily limited to analysis at the time of a traffic accident or when there is a possibility of causing a traffic accident.
Using the data recorder in order to grasp the driving tendency of the driver in advance is also one of the important usage forms of the data recorder.
In order to realize such a use form, the measurement data written by the first or second method is not sufficient. It is preferable to write measurement data relating to normal behavior to a recording medium, such as when it is inserted, and to analyze the data for proper operation management. In other words, it is desirable to perform so-called “fixed-point observation”, which follows the behavior during daily driving in detail. On the other hand, if only the fixed point observation is emphasized, there is a possibility that dangerous behavior cannot be accurately observed.
[0005]
The present invention provides an operation management method and system capable of efficiently writing all measurement data necessary for appropriately analyzing the behavior of a moving object and the operating tendency of the moving object and performing appropriate operation management. Is the main task.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An operation management method according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is provided by mounting a data recorder having a sensor, a buffer, and a nonvolatile recording medium for measuring an operation state of the moving object on the moving object to be managed, While the measurement data output from the sensor in accordance with the movement of the sensor is endlessly developed in the buffer, the first data that matches the characteristic of the general behavior for fixed point observation among the measurement data developed in the buffer is predetermined. Is written to the first recording area of the recording medium until the end condition is satisfied, and the second data conforming to the characteristic of the specific behavior deviating from the general behavior is written to the second recording area of the recording medium until the predetermined end condition is satisfied. The process is repeated within a range in which writing to the recording medium is allowed, thereby using the data written to the recording medium to perform And wherein the analyzing the row status.
[0007]
When the moving object is a vehicle, the “general behavior” includes behavior at the time of turning at an intersection, stopping at an intersection, operating a brake, operating a reverse gear, and the like in daily driving. The first data that conforms to the characteristics of such behavior represents, for example, acceleration data equal to or more than a first threshold value and equal to or less than a second threshold value, angular velocity data, and speed generated when the vehicle starts, stops, turns, accelerates, and decelerates. At least one of the data or a predetermined combination thereof. The “specific behavior” includes a behavior when the vehicle causes an accident or is involved in an accident or a behavior that may cause an accident. The second data that conforms to such behavioral characteristics is, for example, at least one of acceleration data, angular velocity data, and data representing velocity exceeding a second threshold value within a predetermined time, or a predetermined combination thereof.
It should be noted that, instead of or in addition to whether or not there is a match with the characteristic of the general behavior and the characteristic of the specific behavior, at least one of a predetermined operation factor of the vehicle and time information may be used as the writing condition.
[0008]
The present invention also provides an improved data recorder serving as a constituent device of an operation management system that solves the above-mentioned problems.
A data recorder according to the present invention includes a sensor for measuring an operation status of a moving object to be measured, a buffer, a medium mounting mechanism for detachably mounting a predetermined nonvolatile recording medium, the sensor, the buffer, and the mounting. A control device for controlling the operation of the recording medium mounted on the mechanism. The control device is a data expansion unit that expands the measurement data output from the sensor in accordance with the movement of the moving body into the buffer endlessly, a general behavior condition representing a characteristic of a predetermined general behavior for fixed point observation, The measured data that satisfies the general behavior condition by comparing a specific behavior condition representing a characteristic of the specific behavior deviating from the behavior and a predetermined end condition with the measurement data developed in the buffer is first data, the specific behavior condition Outputting the measurement data satisfying the condition as the second data, determining whether the end condition is satisfied, and writing the first data into a first recording area of the recording medium until the end condition is satisfied; Data writing means for writing the second data in the second recording area of the recording medium until the end condition is satisfied.
[0009]
The buffer is a ring buffer in which the pointer indicating the write position of the measurement data returns to the first position after the last position.
The recording medium to be mounted has a first recording area, a second recording area, and a semiconductor memory in which conditions for writing data measured by the data recorder are recorded. This is a recording medium that is personalized by information that can identify an operator. Preferably, a memory card having a shape and a mechanism according to the PCMCIA standard is used. A card in which the above-described semiconductor memory and an IC (Integrated Circuit) chip having a data recording remaining amount detection function are mounted on a card-like medium may be used.
[0011]
The determination unit holds at least one of a characteristic of a general behavior and a characteristic of a specific behavior as a time-series change pattern of predetermined data, and compares the measurement data developed in a buffer with the change pattern to thereby store the recording medium. It is preferable to determine the write condition for writing to the memory in order to increase the processing efficiency.
[0012]
The data writing means samples the first data at a first frequency and writes it in a first recording area of the recording medium, and writes the second data at a second frequency higher than the first frequency. The data is sampled and written in the second recording area of the recording medium. With this configuration, the content of the second data is written in more detail, so that the content of the second data can be accurately grasped.
[0013]
From the viewpoint of ensuring security, the data writing unit encrypts the measurement data developed in the buffer with key information unique to the recording medium to be written, and stores the encrypted data in the recording medium. Configure to write.
[0014]
The above is an example of a configuration in which only the measurement data is written. However, an imaging device that captures an operation state of a moving object may be further provided. In this case, when writing the first data or the second data to the recording medium, the data writing unit links the image data shot by the shooting device with the first data or the second data on a time axis. And write it. By doing so, it is possible to visually grasp the state when the behavior occurs, and the analysis result becomes more accurate.
[0015]
The operation management system provided by the present invention is a system including an operation management support device having a medium mounting mechanism for detachably mounting the recording medium, in addition to the data recorder and the recording medium described above. The operation management support device reads out the data written in the first recording area and the second recording area of the recording medium by the data recorder, and according to the read data, the content of the general behavior of the moving object and the identification. It has data analysis means for specifying the content of the behavior, and output means for outputting the content of the behavior specified by the data analysis means in a visible form.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an operation management system to which the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the operation management system. In this embodiment, a description will be given on the assumption that a mobile object to be managed is a general vehicle.
However, the moving object can be similarly applied to an aircraft, a railway, and the like.
[0017]
The operation management system 1 includes a data recorder 10 of the present invention, a memory card 20 detachably mounted on the data recorder 10, and an operation management support device 30 having a medium mounting mechanism for the memory card 20. .
The data recorder 10 is mounted at a predetermined position on the vehicle. The memory card 20 is used to record data representing the operation status of the vehicle. The operation management support device 30 reads data recorded in the memory card 20 and generates determination information for determining the behavior of the vehicle and its driving tendency.
Hereinafter, specific examples of these configurations will be described.
[0018]
<Data recorder>
The data recorder 10 includes a sensor unit 11, a card storage mechanism 12, and a recorder unit 13.
The sensor unit 11 has angular velocity meters 111x, 111y, 111z, accelerometers 112x, 112y, 112z, a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver 113, and a pulse acquisition mechanism 114.
The gyros 111x, 111y, 111z measure the angular velocities (roll rate, pitch rate, yaw rate) around the three-dimensional axis of the vehicle on which the data recorder 10 is mounted. The measured data is defined as angular velocity data.
The accelerometers 112x, 112y, 112z measure the acceleration (accelerator acceleration, brake acceleration, turning acceleration, vertical acceleration, etc.) of the vehicle in the front-back, left-right, and vertical directions. The measured data is used as acceleration data.
The GPS receiver 113 receives GPS data indicating the current latitude, longitude, speed, direction, time, and the like of the vehicle.
The pulse acquisition mechanism 114 acquires a vehicle speed pulse from a vehicle instrument or the like. Among the data measured by the sensor unit 11, the angular velocity data, the acceleration data, and the data representing the vehicle speed are data representing behavior characteristics that are important in evaluating the driving tendency of the driver.
The sensor unit 11 is configured to output the GPS data and the vehicle speed pulse by appropriately switching between them. That is, as for the speed and the traveling distance, when the vehicle speed pulse is acquired, it is used, and when it is not acquired, the GPS data is used.
[0019]
Note that it is not always necessary to mount all of the above-described measuring devices in the sensor unit 11, and the sensor unit 11 can be appropriately changed. For example, according to the content of analysis processing by the operation management support device 30 described later, the three-axis gyro (the gyros 111x, 111y, and 111z) and the accelerometer are not necessarily required, and may be realized by the following combination pattern. .
(1) Front / rear / lateral accelerometer and bearing gyro
Longitudinal acceleration: analysis of accelerator and brake
Lateral acceleration: Lateral acceleration during turning
Orientation gyro: Analysis of steering wheel operation
(2) Front / rear / lateral accelerometer
(3) Lateral accelerometer and vehicle speed pulse
Vehicle speed pulse: Use of longitudinal acceleration by differentiating vehicle speed pulse
[0020]
The measurement data transmitted from the sensor unit 11 to the recorder unit 13 in this embodiment includes the following.
(1) The angular velocity of the angular axis of the vehicle's rotation pitch, roll, and yaw.
(2) Acceleration generated before, after, side, and up and down.
(3) Position and time information.
(4) Handle angle (behavior of handle operation)
(5) Other information according to the operation of turn signals, brakes, and reverse gear
[0021]
The card accommodating mechanism 12 accommodates the memory card 20 in a detachable manner and supports data reading and data writing with the recorder unit 13.
[0022]
The recorder unit 13 includes a control unit 13a and a buffer 13b that is a volatile memory. The capacity of the buffer 13b is a capacity capable of developing measurement data of a specific behavior during a certain time before and after the occurrence of a traffic accident.
The control unit 13a includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and a ROM (Read Only Memory). When the CPU reads the program stored in the ROM and executes the program while developing the program in the RAM, the functions of the data developing unit 131, the determining unit 132, and the data writing unit 133 are realized.
The data development unit 131 converts (samples) the analog measurement data sent from the sensor unit 11 into digital measurement data and develops the data in the buffer 13b endlessly. An A / D (Analog / Digital) converter may be provided in the recorder unit 13, and data conversion may be performed using the A / D converter. The data developing unit 131 also performs a process of removing the offset component and the drift component of the angular velocity data from the measurement data developed in the buffer 13b. Further, matching processing is performed between the autonomous data (which may be called inertial data) including the angular velocity data and the acceleration data and the GPS data. That is, since the GPS data has a delay of about 2 seconds with respect to the autonomous data, the GPS data is subjected to the matching processing with the autonomous data two seconds before. Thereby, the accuracy at the time of the analysis processing can be improved.
[0023]
The determination unit 132 determines whether or not the measurement data developed in the buffer 13b matches the characteristic of the general behavior. The measurement data (the general termination condition for ending the writing of the first data) that matches the characteristic of the general behavior is determined. Is satisfied, whether the measured data expanded in the buffer 13b matches the characteristic of the specific behavior, and the writing of the measurement data (second data) matching the characteristic of the specific behavior are completed. Various determination processes, such as determination as to whether or not a specific end condition for satisfying the conditions, are performed.
The various conditions used for the determination processing are normally recorded on the memory card 20, but may be prepared in a table format in a management area (not shown) of the recorder unit 13 in advance. Each condition can be freely rewritten.
[0024]
The data writing unit 133 writes the data corresponding to the first data and the second data from among the measurement data expanded in the buffer 13b in accordance with the determination result by the determination unit 132, 20.
[0025]
<Memory card>
The memory card 20 has a semiconductor memory mounted on a card medium. The semiconductor memory has a first recording area for writing the first data, a second recording area for writing the second data, a card number for identifying the card itself, and a vehicle and its driver. A management area for writing the identification data for performing the above-mentioned various conditions and the above-mentioned various conditions in an updatable manner is formed. Each identification data may be formed on the outer surface of the memory card 20 by printing or the like. With such identification data, the memory card 20 is personalized for a specific vehicle and a specific driver.
[0026]
The shape and mechanism of the memory card 20 is a shape and a mechanism detachably attached to the card accommodating mechanism 12 of the data recorder 10. However, it is preferable that the operation management support device 30 be configured by a general-purpose computer system. Then, a memory card having a shape and a mechanism (type II or type III) according to the PCMCIA standard is obtained. The semiconductor memory is a non-volatile memory, but may be a flash memory such as an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory).
[0027]
<Operation management support device>
The operation management support device 30 includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, a disk drive device, an external storage device, a card medium mounting mechanism, a display device such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal 1 Display) and a CRT (Cathode-Ray Tube), and a printer. It is realized by a computer system operated by a control program such as a basic input / output system (BIOS) or an operating system (OS), and a program in a disk mounted on an external storage device or a disk drive device.
[0028]
By the execution of each of the above programs, the operation management support device 30 reads the data written to the memory card 20 by the data recorder 10, and according to the read data, the content of the general behavior and the content of the specific behavior of the vehicle. And a data output unit for outputting the specified behavior to the above-mentioned display device or printer.
In the analysis of the general behavior, a detailed analysis process for grasping the operation tendency of the driver of the vehicle is performed. In the analysis of the specific behavior, analysis processing for elucidating the cause of the traffic accident and grasping the situation, and analysis processing such as what kind of dangerous behavior was performed.
Note that the data analysis unit has a statistical function, and in the case of general behavior, can output a result of analysis obtained by statistically reading the readout measurement data.
[0029]
<Operation form>
Next, an operation mode of the operation management system configured as described above will be described.
1. Memory card installation
First, the memory card 20 is mounted on the data recorder 10 by the driver. The control unit 13a of the data recorder 10 determines whether the memory card 20 operates normally, for example, whether a card number, a driver identification code, a vehicle identification code, etc., recorded in a management area at the time of formatting have been read. To confirm.
If it cannot be read, it is determined that the inserted memory card 20 is abnormal, and this is notified to the driver or the like. It is also possible to perform a read / write test on the memory card 20 and determine normal / abnormal from the result. In other words, after confirming card insertion, writing test data in a specific area of the memory card 20 (read), reading the test data (write), and determining that the two data are identical, it is determined to be normal.
If the status is normal, a notification that normal operation is possible is performed by a buzzer or the like.
[0030]
2. Data expansion
When the memory card 20 is inserted and the data recorder 10 can operate normally, the measurement by the sensor unit 11 is started. The measurement data from the sensor unit 11 is sent to the recorder unit 13. The recorder unit 13 expands the measurement data in the buffer 13b by the data expanding unit 131.
In this embodiment, the buffer 13b functions as a "ring buffer", and the data developing unit 131 develops the measurement data endlessly. FIG. 2 is an outline of the ring buffer, and FIG.
In the figure, "PS" is a pointer (number) of the first memory cell in the buffer 13b, "PE" is a pointer of the last memory cell of the ring buffer, and "Pn" is a pointer of a memory cell to be currently written or read. Is shown.
The data development unit 131 writes the measurement data into the memory cell indicated by the pointer Pn (Step S101), and increments the pointer Pn by “1” (Step S102). At each increment, it is determined whether the memory cell indicated by the pointer Pn is the last memory cell. If the memory cell is the last memory cell, the pointer Pn is reset to the first memory cell (step S103: YES, S104). If the memory cell indicated by the pointer Pn is not the last memory cell, the process returns to step S501 (step S103: NO, S101). In this way, endless deployment of measurement data is enabled.
[0031]
3. Writing data to memory card
When the measurement data is expanded in the buffer 13b, the data recorder 10 detects the general behavior and the specific behavior, and sequentially stores the data (first data / second data) matching the characteristics of the respective behaviors into the memory card 20 ( (First recording area / second recording area).
First, the procedure of the first data write process will be described with reference to FIG.
As described above, the measurement data is developed endlessly in the buffer 13b by the data development unit 131 (steps S201 and S202). The determination unit 132 always refers to the measurement data developed in the buffer 13b and determines whether or not the measurement data is the first data to be written (Step S203). If the data is not the first data, that is, if the write condition is not satisfied (step S203: NO), the fact is notified to the data writing unit 133. Thereby, the data writing unit 133 passes the writing process.
When the data corresponds to the first data, that is, when the write condition is satisfied (step S203: YES), the fact is notified to the data writing unit 133. Thereby, the data writing unit 133 starts writing to the first recording area of the memory card 20 (Step S204).
[0032]
The determination unit 132 has also determined a condition for terminating the data writing (general termination condition) (step S205), and if the general termination condition is not satisfied (step S205: NO), Writing of the first data is continued. When the general termination condition is satisfied (step S205: YES), the fact is notified to the data writing unit 133. Thereby, the data writing unit 133 ends the writing of the first data to the memory card 20 (Step S206).
The above processing is repeated until the power of the data recorder 10 is turned off, the memory card 20 is discharged, or the writable capacity of the memory card 20 is reached.
[0033]
Next, the procedure of the second data write process will be described with reference to FIG.
The writing of the second data is executed as an interrupt process during the writing process of the first data (see FIG. 4).
The determination unit 132 determines whether the measurement data developed in the buffer 13b corresponds to the second data, that is, whether the specific behavior has occurred (Step S301). When it is determined that the specific behavior has occurred (step S301: YES), the fact is notified to the data writing unit 133. Accordingly, the data writing unit 133 writes the measurement data developed in the buffer 13b as the second data in the second recording area of the memory card 20 (Step S302). In addition, it is determined whether or not a condition for terminating the writing of the second data (specific end condition) is satisfied (step S303). If the condition is satisfied, the fact is notified to the data writing unit 133. Thereby, the data writing unit 133 ends the writing of the second data (step S303: YES, S304).
After the end of the writing of the second data, or when it is determined that the specific behavior has not occurred (step S301: NO), the process returns to the general behavior measurement process again.
[0034]
When a specific behavior occurs, it may be important to analyze the situation of the measurement data before and after the specific behavior. Therefore, the writable capacity of the buffer 13b is a capacity that can sufficiently secure measurement data before and after the occurrence of the specific behavior.
As described above, since the measurement data is developed endlessly in the buffer 13b, the latest data always remains in the buffer 13b. After the occurrence of the specific behavior, usually only the measurement data after the occurrence is written from the buffer 13b to the second recording area of the memory card 20 as the second data. If there is measurement data that conforms to the general behavior before the occurrence of the specific behavior, it is written in the first recording area of the memory card 20 as the first data, so it is not possible to analyze the causal relationship with the specific behavior. Easy. However, since the measurement data before the occurrence of the specific behavior remains in the buffer 13b as it is, it is also possible to transfer and write all the measurement data to the second recording area of the memory card 20 by setting. In this case, it is convenient to add identification data that can identify all data in the buffer 13b.
[0035]
4. Operation status analysis
To analyze the operation status, the driver removes the memory card 20 from the data recorder 10 and mounts the memory card 20 on the medium mounting mechanism of the operation management support device 30.
The operation management support device 30 reads the first data and the second data written in the memory card 20, and performs a required statistical process on the first data, and then displays the driver's operation tendency recorded in the memory card 20. Perform analysis processing to understand.
For the second data, an analysis process for elucidating the cause of the specific behavior and grasping the situation, and an analysis process for what kind of behavior was performed.
The analysis results are displayed on a display device and printed out from a printer as necessary.
The above analysis reveals that the accelerator, brake operation, steering wheel operation, centrifugal force, lateral acceleration, roll angle, vehicle speed, vehicle speed, general behavior and occurrence position (latitude, longitude) and occurrence time of specific behavior during vehicle turning Or duration.
[0036]
<Setting of various conditions>
In the operation management system, how to set the contents of the various conditions described above is extremely important for appropriately performing the operation status analysis.
Therefore, various conditions that can be set in the present embodiment will be described in detail below.
[0037]
[First data write start condition: for general behavior]
This condition is whether or not the characteristic of the general behavior for fixed point observation is satisfied, or whether or not the driver's operation factor for the vehicle is a predetermined one or a predetermined time. Measurement data that satisfies this condition is first data, and is at least one of acceleration data, angular velocity data, and data representing velocity, which are generated when the vehicle starts, stops, turns, accelerates, and decelerates, or a predetermined combination thereof. It becomes.
[0038]
(1-1) First threshold or more
The case where the acceleration during the normal driving operation is equal to or more than the first threshold value (dotted line in the figure) is defined as the condition for starting writing. For example, in FIG. 6 showing an example of the data analysis result of the accelerator and the brake, a point P1 indicated by an arrow is a timing to start writing as the first data. In this case, a portion exceeding the first threshold value among the data of the acceleration at the time of acceleration and braking obtained from the accelerometer and the angular velocity of the turn measured from the gyro is written in the first recording area of the memory card 20 as the first data. It is. This makes it possible for the operation management support apparatus 30 to analyze the driving operation tendency with a focus on the general behavior that triggered the writing.
If the value exceeds a second threshold value (not shown), the data becomes second data.
[0039]
(1-2) Conditions in Consideration of Relationship between Driving Operation and Vehicle Behavior
A relationship between a driving operation and a behavior of the vehicle at that time, such as a brake operation for stopping the vehicle and a steering wheel operation at a high speed running, is set. The meaning of this condition will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a change in the traveling speed (km / h) of the vehicle at the time of the brake operation (by a vehicle speed pulse and GPS), and FIG. 7B is an acceleration (G) at the same brake operation. FIG. 6 is a diagram (by an accelerometer) showing a change in the value. Although the speed and the acceleration are given as examples, even if the acceleration is generated by the same brake operation, there is a danger in the case of 0.2 G at a low speed running of 40 km / h and 0.2 G at a high speed running of 100 km / h. This is because it is completely different from the viewpoint of the degree.
In the case of a brake operation, normally, a condition at which the traveling speed is 10 km / h or less and an acceleration of 0.2 G or more is generated is set as a condition for starting writing. Points P2 in FIG. 7A and point P3 in FIG. 7B satisfy this condition.
[0040]
(1-3) Condition 1 for capturing composite behavior (brake / accelerator)
It is possible to set conditions based on a combination of complex behaviors as well as conditions focusing on single behaviors such as the running speed and acceleration of the vehicle.
For example, the acceleration at the time of a brake / accelerator operation at a certain traveling speed is quantified, and based on the magnitude of the brake at the time of stopping and the traveling speed, "when the vehicle stops and decelerates, the acceleration at what speed is obtained. Is the brake applied? "
[0041]
Specifically, the traveling speed of the vehicle is V, the forward acceleration is ax, and the azimuth angular speed is ω. By calculating Pvx = V × ax, the forward acceleration at the time of operating the brake / accelerator at a certain traveling speed is calculated. Can be quantified. Further, by calculating V × ω, the lateral acceleration (centrifugal force) ay generated during the turning operation can be quantified. Further, by calculating Pvxy = V × (ax * ax + ay * ay) to the power of 乗 (route calculation), a value obtained by quantifying the relationship with speed including centrifugal force generated at the time of turning is used. be able to. The half power of (ax * ax + ay * ay) is a vector component obtained by combining the acceleration / brake and the acceleration at the time of turning, and quantifies all the accelerations applied to the vehicle.
The case where the values Pvx, Pvxy quantified in this way are each equal to or larger than a predetermined value can be set as the write start condition. When verifying with actual numerical values, for example, when running at 100 km / h, when a condition of 0.1 G or more is regarded as a general behavior, 100 × 0.1 = 10.0, that is, when Pvx is 10.0 or more, , The condition for starting writing as the first data.
[0042]
(1-4) Condition 2 for capturing complex behavior (curve running at intersection)
A detection point of a curve running at which the vehicle makes a right or left turn at an intersection can be used as a condition for starting writing.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the determination process in this case. First, the angular velocity is measured by the gyro of the sensor unit 11 (Step S401). After the DC component (DC component) is cut by a high-pass filter with a time constant of about 100 seconds (step S402), the measured data is integrated (integrated) as a signal from which behavior can be extracted, and the angle is calculated ( Step S403). If the calculated angle is in the range of 60 ° <angle <100 °, it is determined that the vehicle is traveling on a curve at an intersection, and the measurement data (first data) at this time is written to the first recording area of the memory card 20. (Step S404: YES, S405). If the angle is not in the range of 60 ° <angle <100, the process returns to step S401 (step S404: NO, S401).
When the vehicle recognizes that the vehicle is traveling on a curve, it is desirable that the measurement data be written to the memory card 20 at the beginning of the curve traveling, that is, at a low angular velocity of, for example, 10 ° / sec or more. This is possible because the measurement data is recorded in the buffer 13b.
[0043]
In this way, by patterning a plurality of behaviors that occur in the time series of the vehicle, the characteristics of the behaviors can be uniform regardless of the difference between the driver and the vehicle. This means that driving at an intersection behaves in a manner that does not depend much on the difference between the city and the region and the time of the rush hour, and that the environment for oncoming vehicles and pedestrians is the same regardless of the city or the region. by. Therefore, it is easy to compare with other drivers, and even if the same driver is used, differences due to the passage of time, for example, differences in conditions between 9:00 am and 5:00 pm, differences in conditions depending on the day of the week, etc. It is useful for estimating the fatigue level. Since 70% of traffic accidents occur at intersections, and since this is a complex behavior, the advantages of the analysis method according to the present invention are remarkable.
[0044]
(1-5) Condition 3 for capturing composite behavior (entry speed to intersection)
A combination pattern of an accelerator operation and a steering wheel operation at the time of turning at an intersection and a longitudinal acceleration and an angular velocity at that time can be used as a condition for starting writing.
FIG. 9 shows an example of the measurement data at this time in a normal state. As shown in FIG. 9, the turning operation at the intersection is performed in the order of deceleration in front of the intersection → change of the traveling direction at the intersection by turning the steering wheel (turning) → acceleration.
On the other hand, FIG. 10 shows a state in which the rush speed to the intersection is increasing due to insufficient deceleration before the intersection. Due to the high entry speed to the intersection, the brake and accelerator are operated while turning the curve. Quantification of these states is as follows.
The following relational expression is obtained with the longitudinal acceleration as ax and the azimuth angular velocity as ω.
Px = ax × ω
[0045]
FIG. 11 shows a pattern 1 (solid line) obtained by quantifying the operation state at the time of turning shown in FIG. 9 using the above relational expression, and a value Px quantifying the operation state at the time of turning shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an actual measurement diagram when is a pattern 2 (chain line).
As is clear from the comparison between pattern 1 and pattern 2, the value of Px becomes smaller when the operations of deceleration, turning, and acceleration are performed normally. In the case of the pattern 2, since the operation is performed after entering the intersection, the value of Px becomes larger than that of the pattern 1.
[0046]
As described above, the combination behavior at the intersection can be quantified using Px, and the fact that the value at this time has become equal to or greater than the set value can be used as a condition for starting writing. For example, when the longitudinal acceleration is 0.1 G and the acceleration is 10 ° / sec, the condition for capturing the composite behavior is 0.1 × 10 = 1.0, that is, when the value of Px becomes 1.0 or more. The time when the composite behavior occurs is defined, and the measured data at that time is written to the memory card 20 and used for analyzing the characteristics of the driving.
[0047]
In addition, vector synthesis of the longitudinal acceleration (ax) and the lateral acceleration (ay) and the value Pxy (= ω × (ax * ax + ay * ay) of the half power) representing the relationship with the azimuth angular velocity ω are calculated. However, the magnitude of the value Pxy may be used as a condition for starting writing. Since this value Pxy includes a speed element during turning, not only acceleration / deceleration during turning but also the traveling speed during turning is reflected in the value. For example, when turning at high speed, the value Pxy becomes a large numerical value.
[0048]
(1-6) Condition 4 for capturing composite behavior (restart after stop)
A state in which the vehicle has restarted from a stopped state can be used as a condition for starting writing. FIG. 12 is a processing procedure diagram in this case.
In FIG. 12, first, after the stop of the vehicle is recognized by the stop determination (step S501), writing is started on condition that an acceleration of 0.1 G or more is detected (step S502: YES, S503). If the acceleration is less than 0.1 G, the writing is not performed, and the process returns to step S501 (step S502: NO, S501).
In addition, the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-132849 by the present applicant can be used to determine whether the vehicle has stopped.
[0049]
(1-7) Combination of driver's operation factors for vehicle
The generation of a signal generated at the time of operation of the brake, the back, the turn signal, or the input of various switches, or a combination of the generation of such a signal and the above-described conditions can be used as the write start condition.
For example, the writing of the measurement data is started in response to the input of the brake ON signal generated at the time of the brake operation. In addition, by combining the traveling speed and various accelerations, it is possible to grasp the relationship between the traveling state of the vehicle and the brake operation, the relationship between the operation timing of the turn signal and the operation speed, the relationship between the brake operation and the operation timing of the turn signal, and the like. become.
When a switch input is used as a trigger, for example, during education of a beginner driver, it is useful to recognize a dangerous driving tendency, start recording this driving tendency with a switch, and analyze it later.
A plurality of times at which writing is started are set, and when that time is reached, all measurement data having a value exceeding the first threshold is written to the first recording area of the memory card 20. Writing may be automatically started every minute or every two minutes.
The above-mentioned conditions for starting writing may be each independently, or may be determined by an AND condition or an OR condition.
For example, a plurality of conditions may be set, such as "write once every minute when a brake is recognized at a specific time". In order to identify the operation of the brake, the back, the turn signal, and the inputs of various switches, it is a desirable embodiment to add a signal for identifying each of them to the measurement data (first data).
[0050]
[General termination condition]
The general end condition of the first data writing process is set, for example, as follows.
It should be noted that when the writable capacity of the first recording area of the memory card 20 is reached, or when the power is turned off, the writing is naturally terminated.
[0051]
(2-1) Elapsed time
After a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of writing, the process is automatically terminated.
As shown in FIG. 11, the writing process of the first data is automatically terminated by setting the elapsed time. In the illustrated example, the writing of the first data is completed 10 seconds after the start of the writing.
[0052]
(2-2) Switch operation
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 16, the writing of the first data started by turning on the switch for the specific operation is ended by turning off the switch. The switch for the specific operation is, for example, a switch in accordance with the operation of a back range (R-range), a back lamp, a brake, and a brake lamp in a blinker or an automatic car. That is, the writing of the measurement data here is performed in response to a switch signal indicating a specific operation received from the vehicle.
[0053]
(2-3) Conditions for composite behavior
For example, when the measurement data (first data) at the time of running on a curve is being written, the writing is terminated on condition that it is detected that the steady running has been started after finishing the curve running.
FIG. 13 shows a state in which the vehicle that has entered the intersection travels on a curve 10A, makes a right turn, and then reaches a straight-line steady traveling 10B. FIG. 14 shows a change in angular velocity during traveling of the vehicle. On the other hand, when the vehicle travels straight ahead, the angular velocity becomes extremely small. Therefore, the fact that the vehicle has reached the straight traveling steady state is detected from the value of the angular velocity, and the writing is terminated. In this example, only the measurement data from the start of the curve running to the steady straight running is written in the memory card 20. The same applies to other composite behaviors.
The general termination conditions listed above can be applied alone or in a combination thereof.
[0054]
[Write start condition of specific behavior: condition to be second data]
This is a condition for determining whether or not the characteristic of the specific behavior deviating from the general behavior is met. The measurement data satisfying this condition is the second data.
[0055]
(3-1) Range over of sensor during normal measurement
While the vehicle is running, the acceleration measured by the accelerometer is about ± 10.0 G during normal running, but usually exceeds ± 10.0 G when an accident occurs. Therefore, when an accident occurs, the range of the sensor intended for measurement during normal running greatly exceeds the range. Thus, a second threshold is set, and writing is started on condition that the second threshold is exceeded. Incidentally, the range of the sensor normally used is up to about ± 2.0 G, so that the value may be set as the second threshold value.
[0056]
(3-2) Accident occurrence pattern
For example, FIG. 15 shows a change in the lateral acceleration (G) when the light vehicle is impacted sideways at a running speed of 50 km / h, and FIG. 16 shows a change in front and rear G when the small car is head-on impacted at a running speed of 50 km / h. . In each case, the horizontal axis is time (ms), sampled at 600 Hz. FIG. 17 is a graph in which these accidents are patterned irrespective of the type of vehicle. The vertical axis represents acceleration (G), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds).
As shown in the figure, in the event of an accident, a range over impact occurs continuously or intermittently during a time period of about 0.2 seconds, and then a discontinuous acceleration of 0.1 G or more occurs in about 0.3 seconds. It has occurred. That is, it is possible to read the rise of the acceleration in about 0.2 seconds and the remainder of the acceleration after the collision. The occurrence of an accident is recognized based on whether or not it conforms to such a pattern, changes in acceleration and angular velocity (differential values) are detected, and whether or not the accident has occurred is determined based on whether the detected value exceeds a threshold value.
In addition, a condition for determining a brake operation in the case of a panic brake involving a sudden brake operation by a pattern may be set. Further, the condition of the occurrence of an accident may be set by patterning a combination of signals output from an ABS (Anti-Lock Break System). When the ABS is activated, the ABS lamp is normally turned on, so that the lamp signal is input and used as a trigger for determining the presence or absence of an accident.
[0057]
(3-3) Wheel slip pattern
The slip of the wheel can be determined by using a deviation amount between the vehicle speed pulse and the measurement data of the accelerometer as a condition. The vehicle speed pulse is obtained by inputting a wheel rotation signal as a pulse, so that the traveling speed and the moving distance can be measured from the number of pulses. If the wheels are locked by a sudden brake, the vehicle speed pulse becomes 0, but the longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle increases, and a large "shift" occurs. FIG. 18 shows this. FIG. 18A shows a state where the vehicle speed 0 is measured by locking the wheels at point P4 (vertical axis: speed), and FIG. 18B shows that the acceleration calculated from the vehicle speed pulse is extremely high due to the locking of the wheels. FIG. 18 (c) shows a state where the value becomes large (vertical axis: acceleration), and FIG. 18 (c) shows a state where the acceleration measured by the accelerometer mounted on the vehicle is smaller than the change in acceleration shown in FIG. 18 (b) (vertical axis: acceleration). Is shown.
In this case, "acceleration from vehicle speed pulse> acceleration by accelerometer" is set, and if the difference exceeds a certain threshold value as a specific behavior condition, the locked state of the wheel, the idling state, and the like can be captured. it can.
[0058]
(3-4) Vehicle skidding pattern
When the centrifugal force generated when traveling on a curve is Gc, the vehicle speed is V, and the angular speed is ω, the relationship is Gc = V × ω. In a state where no side slip occurs, Gy measured by a lateral accelerometer mounted on the vehicle and measuring a lateral acceleration is equal (Gy = Gc). However, when skidding occurs, lateral acceleration other than centrifugal force occurs, and the above relationship does not hold. That is, assuming that the acceleration generated by the side slip is Gs, Gy = Gc + Gs.
Therefore, by setting the value of Gs as the second threshold value and setting a condition other than Gy = Gc as the specific behavior condition, it is possible to capture the state of the vehicle skidding.
Similarly, it is possible to pattern another plurality of behavior features and set this as a specific behavior condition.
[0059]
[Specific termination condition]
The specific end condition is set for the purpose of writing the second data to the memory card 20 as much as possible. Note that when the writable capacity of the second recording area of the memory card 20 has been reached, or when the power has been cut off, the writing is naturally terminated.
[0060]
(4-1) Elapsed time
After the start of the writing of the second data, the lapse of a certain time is defined as a specific end condition.
FIG. 19 shows the contents of the measurement data developed in the buffer 13b before and after the occurrence of the accident. In the figure, the time T0 on the left side is data before the accident and the time T1 on the right side is data after the accident, with the time point of occurrence of the accident as a boundary line. What is written as the second data is the latter data. The former measurement data is usually written in the first recording area of the memory card 20 as first data. However, as described above, the former measurement data can be forcibly taken into the memory card 20 by setting.
[0061]
(4-2) Stop conditions after an accident occurs
For example, as shown in FIG. 20 (a), when the state where the vehicle has stopped after the occurrence of the accident is detected, or as shown in FIG. 20 (b), the state where the vehicle has stopped due to the occurrence of the accident is detected. Thereafter, the writing is terminated on condition that T0 seconds have elapsed.
[0062]
(4-3) Other
An input of a specific operation input switch or the like, and elapse of a predetermined time after the input of the specific operation, are defined as specific end conditions. These conditions are appropriately set alone or in combination.
[0063]
<Other element processing>
The outline of the operation management system is as described above. In the present embodiment, the following element processing is performed in order to make the analysis contents by the operation management system accurate.
[0064]
[Noise cancellation processing 1]
When a rapidly changing acceleration or angular velocity is measured by the sensor unit 11 including an accelerometer or a gyro, the signal component and the noise cannot be distinguished, and the noise may be erroneously determined as the signal component. This situation often occurs when noise of a magnitude almost at the limit of the dynamic range of each instrument is instantaneously generated. Therefore, it is important to appropriately detect noise and cancel it in order to increase the reliability of the measurement data, especially the measurement data written as the second data.
The power supply noise can be considered as a cause of the rapid change of the acceleration and the angular velocity. Therefore, the control unit 13a constantly monitors the fluctuation of the power supply, determines whether there is power supply noise, and if the power supply noise is present, cancels the power supply noise before developing the data.
[0065]
FIG. 21 is a functional configuration diagram in this case. In the figure, three sensors # 1 to # 3 are various measuring devices shown in FIG. 1, namely, gyros 111x, 111y, 111z, accelerometers 112x, 112y, 112z, GPS receiver 113, and pulse acquisition. The mechanism 114 is shown in a simplified manner for convenience. The power supply monitoring IC 14 is usually provided in the recorder 13.
The power supply monitoring IC 14 constantly monitors the voltage level supplied from the power supply, and when detecting that the voltage level has become a voltage outside the predetermined range, notifies the control unit 13a of the fact. The control unit 13a determines whether or not the power supply has “staggered” based on the measurement data sent from the sensors # 1 to # 3 and the notification data from the power supply monitoring IC 14, that is, the power supply that can be measured by each of the sensors # 1 to # 3. It monitors whether the measurement is performed with the power supply voltage within the conditions, and monitors the reliability of the measurement data. Only the data whose reliability is within the normal range are developed as measurement data, and the other data are canceled as power supply noise.
[0066]
[Noise cancellation processing 2]
Noise can also be canceled using the measurement results of a plurality of instruments.
For example, FIG. 22 shows the magnitude of the impact generated at the time of the accident. 22A is a front and rear view G of the frontal collision, FIG. 22B is a side view G of the frontal collision, FIG. 22C is a front and rear view of the side collision G, and FIG. (E) shows the front and rear G of the oblique collision, and FIG. 22 (f) shows the lateral G of the oblique collision. When an accident such as a frontal collision, a side collision, or an oblique collision occurs, a plurality of instruments do not output the same rapid measurement data at the same time. However, noise due to a voltage drop or a mechanical problem occurs simultaneously as shown in FIGS. 23 (a) to 23 (c). FIG. 23A is a graph showing the change of the front and rear G at this time, FIG. 23B is a graph showing the change of the lateral G, and FIG. In such a case, the control unit 13a treats a signal that has become excessively large in a plurality of instruments at the same time as noise, and cancels the signal before data development.
[0067]
[Primary statistical processing]
The occurrence probability of the specific behavior is lower than the occurrence probability of the general behavior, and when normal operation is performed, most of the data recorded on the memory card 20 is the first data. On the other hand, when analyzing general behavior, detailed measurement data (raw data) is not always used. This is because, even if raw data is collected, statistical processing is generally performed when analysis is performed later using the raw data.
Therefore, a second buffer (a certain data recording area) is prepared in the data writing unit 133, the measurement data is accumulated in the second buffer, the first statistical processing is performed, and the first data is stored in the first buffer. It is reasonable to write in the memory card 20 as
The data resulting from the primary statistical processing includes the maximum acceleration (maximum accelerator and brake), the maximum angular velocity (maximum steering wheel operation amount), and the maximum traveling speed during a certain time interval, for example, one minute (which can be changed at any time). , The measured position of GPS at that time, the running direction measured by azimuth angular velocity, average acceleration (average of accelerator and brake), average angular velocity (average operation amount of steering wheel), average running speed, standard deviation of acceleration, standard deviation of speed, The standard deviation of the angular velocity, the stop location, the time, and the like are given.
[0068]
[Processing to suppress expansion of measurement data during stoppage]
When the vehicle is stopped with the power supply of the vehicle turned on, the data recorder 10 continues to operate, so that the data is loaded into the buffer 13b (data with almost no change). Therefore, in order to prevent a situation in which measurement data that is not required for statistical processing is written to the memory card 20, expansion of the measurement data in the stop state is suppressed. FIG. 24 shows this state. The upper part of the figure shows the measurement results of the traveling speed, and the lower part of the figure shows the data development timing. The horizontal axis of the figure represents time. In the example shown in the figure, data development is suspended for stopped measurement data, and data development is resumed by detecting the operation restarted.
[0069]
[Sampling control]
In the case of the general behavior (first data) and the specific behavior (second data), the sampling frequency of the measurement data when the data is developed in the buffer 13b is changed. That is, the first data is set to the maximum cycle required for analysis, for example, a sampling frequency of about 10 Hz, and is sampled at 600 Hz upon detection of a specific behavior. As a result, the measurement data (second data) reflecting the characteristic of the specific behavior in more detail is developed in the buffer 13b. By writing this into the memory card 20, more detailed content analysis becomes possible. .
[0070]
[Memory card capacity check]
The control unit 13a is configured to always check the remaining capacity of the writable area in the memory card 20 and to issue an alarm when it is likely to hinder data writing. The remaining capacity is detected as “total capacity L−current capacity G”. It is possible to issue an alarm when the remaining capacity is only enough for writing data for one day, and to urge the user to replace the card. By performing the capacity check of the memory card 20 in this manner, it is possible to avoid a situation in which necessary measurement data cannot be written.
[0071]
[Encryption processing]
The control unit 13a has a function of encrypting the measurement data when writing the measurement data developed in the buffer 13b to the memory card 20, thereby enhancing protection. At the time of the encryption process, a scramble code corresponding to the card number written in the management area of the memory card 20 is generated, and encryption is performed based on the scramble code.
When the encrypted data is decrypted by the operation management support device 30, a process that is the reverse of the above-described encryption process is performed.
For example, if a card number of "15643" (3 DIB in hex) is set in a specific area of the memory card 20, the sum of the lower byte and the upper byte (= 3D + 1B = 58) of the card number is calculated. Then, a random code corresponding to the operation result is read from a predetermined random table to be a scramble code, encrypted with the scramble code to generate encrypted data, and the encrypted data is written to the memory card 20. In this way, by encrypting the measurement data, it is possible to prevent an unauthorized act such as falsification of the measurement data in the memory card 20 after an accident occurs.
[0072]
<Effects of this embodiment>
As described above, in the operation management system according to the present embodiment, the measurement data indicating the operation status of the vehicle is endlessly developed in the buffer 13b of the data recorder 10, and the condition set arbitrarily according to the purpose is included therein. Is written in the memory card 20, it is possible for the operation management support device 30 to perform fine operation management. For example, in addition to being able to analyze the details of traffic accident situations and dangerous behavior of vehicles in detail, it is also possible to analyze data representing the characteristics of general behavior for fixed point observation, expanding the application range of data recorders compared to the past. Can be.
[0073]
<Modification>
[Other memory card]
Instead of the memory card 20 of the PCMCIA standard, an IC chip-mounted card on which a semiconductor memory and an IC chip are mounted can be used. In this case, a first recording area, a second recording area, and a management area are formed in the semiconductor memory similarly to the memory card 20, and the remaining recording capacity of the first recording area or the second recording area is formed in the IC chip. Has a function to automatically output an alarm when the value exceeds a certain value. By using such an IC chip-mounted card, the remaining memory can be managed by the card itself, so that the configuration of the data recorder 10 can be simplified.
[0074]
[Sensor part]
A CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) camera, which is an example of an imaging unit, is added to the sensor unit 11 of the data recorder 10, and image data captured by the CCD camera is stored in a memory card 20 (or an IC chip mounted) together with the measurement data. Card).
FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the sensor unit 11A in this case.
The CCD camera 115 is attached to the vehicle such that the image is an image that can be seen by a driver through a windshield of the vehicle. Like the measurement data, the image data may be always buffered, or may be taken from the CCD when writing to the memory card 20. When writing to the memory card 20, image data and measurement data (first / second data) are linked on the time axis. In this way, the operation management support device 30 can perform the analysis process while associating the image data with the measurement data on the time axis. In addition, as shown in FIG. 26, it is possible to simultaneously display the video based on the image data and the measurement data on the operation management support device 30 during the analysis processing.
[0075]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, data necessary for analyzing the operating tendency of the moving object can be written to the recording medium according to the condition arbitrarily set according to the purpose. Detailed operation management becomes possible using the collected data.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an operation management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining pointers in a ring buffer.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a procedure for explaining pointer processing when developing measurement data.
FIG. 4 is a procedure explanatory diagram for describing a process of writing measurement data relating to general behavior in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a procedure explanatory diagram for explaining a process of writing measurement data relating to a specific behavior in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of data analysis results of an accelerator and a brake in the embodiment.
FIG. 7A is a graph showing a brake operation measured by a vehicle speed pulse and GPS, and FIG. 7B is a graph showing a brake operation measured by an acceleration clock.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a procedure for explaining a determination process for triggering power running when the vehicle makes a right turn.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing how an accelerator (front-back acceleration) and a steering wheel (angular velocity) are operated at an intersection.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing how the accelerator and the steering wheel are operated when the entry speed to the intersection is high.
11 is a graph showing Px in the operating state during turning shown in FIG. 9 by a solid line, and Px in the operating state during turning shown in FIG. 10 by a chain line.
FIG. 12 is a procedure explanatory diagram for explaining a determination process in which a case in which a vehicle starts from a stop is a writing condition.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an outline of an intersection and how a vehicle goes straight after turning right.
FIG. 14 is a graph showing angular velocities during traveling of a vehicle in an intersection.
FIG. 15 is a graph showing measurement data when a mini vehicle collides sideways.
FIG. 16 is a graph showing measurement data when a small passenger car collides head-on;
FIG. 17 is a graph when the measurement data is modeled for pattern recognition.
18A and 18B are measurement data when a wheel slips, FIG. 18A is speed data measured by a vehicle speed pulse, FIG. 18B is acceleration data calculated from the vehicle speed pulse, and FIG. The graph which showed the acceleration data measured by the meter.
FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a writing process when an accident occurs.
FIG. 20A is a diagram for explaining a writing process with vehicle stop recognition as an end condition, and FIG. 20B is a diagram with a vehicle stop recognition as an end condition in addition to a set time. FIG. 9 is a view for explaining processing.
FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a main part configuration for removing power supply noise in the data recorder.
22A is a front and rear view G of a frontal collision, FIG. 22B is a side view of a frontal collision G, FIG. 22C is a front and rear view of a side collision G, FIG. (e) is a graph showing the G before and after the oblique collision, and (f) is a graph showing the lateral G of the oblique collision.
23A is a graph showing front and rear G, FIG. 23B is a graph showing horizontal G, and FIG. 23C is a graph showing azimuth angular velocity.
FIG. 24 is a view for explaining an outline of a process of deleting behavior data when the vehicle stops.
FIG. 25 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a sensor unit according to a modification.
FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of video and measurement data displayed on the operation management support device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 operation management system
10 Data recorder
11, 11A sensor unit
12 Card storage mechanism
13 Recorder section
13a control unit
13b buffer
20 memory card
30 Operation management support device
111x, 111y, 111z gyro
112x, 112y, 112z accelerometer
113 GPS receiver
114 Vehicle speed pulse acquisition mechanism
115 CCD camera
131 Data development part
132 Judgment unit
133 Data Writer

Claims (14)

Attach a data recorder having a sensor, a buffer, and a non-volatile recording medium for measuring the operation state of the moving object to the moving object to be managed,
Along with moving the measurement data output from the sensor with the movement of the moving body to the buffer endlessly,
Writing first data, which meets predetermined first behavior characteristics of the moving body, of the measurement data developed in the buffer into a first recording area of the recording medium until a predetermined end condition is satisfied; The process of writing second data that is different from the behavior characteristic of the moving object and that conforms to the second behavior characteristic of the moving object into the second recording area of the recording medium until a predetermined end condition is satisfied is permitted to be written to the recording medium. It repeats in a range, thereby analyzing the behavior of the moving body during operation using the data written on the recording medium,
Operation management method for mobile objects. The first data is acceleration data and angular velocity data that are suitable for general behavior characteristics set arbitrarily according to the analysis purpose among measurement data generated when the moving body starts, stops, turns, accelerates, or decelerates. , At least one of data representing velocity, or a predetermined combination thereof, wherein the second data is acceleration data, angular velocity data, velocity that matches dangerous behavior characteristics that deviate from general behavior characteristics among the measurement data. At least one of the data representing or a predetermined combination thereof,
The operation management method according to claim 1. Instead of the presence / absence of compatibility with the general behavior feature and the specific behavior feature, or together with the presence / absence of compatibility with each feature, at least one of a predetermined operation factor and time information of the moving body is used to determine whether the writing is started and ended. Characterized by conditions
The operation management method according to claim 2. A sensor for measuring the operation status of the moving object to be managed, a buffer, a medium mounting mechanism for detachably mounting a predetermined nonvolatile recording medium, and a recording mounted on the sensor, the buffer and the medium mounting mechanism A control device for controlling the operation of the medium,
The control device includes:
Data development means for developing the measurement data output from the sensor with the movement of the moving body endlessly in the buffer,
Comparing the general behavior condition representing the general behavior characteristic arbitrarily set according to the analysis purpose and the specific behavior condition representing the specific behavior characteristic deviating from the general behavior with the measurement data developed in the buffer; Determining means for outputting measurement data satisfying a condition as first data, measurement data satisfying the specific behavior condition as second data, and determining whether a predetermined end condition is satisfied;
Data writing means for writing the first data in a first recording area of the recording medium until the end condition is satisfied, and writing the second data in a second recording area of the recording medium until the end condition is satisfied. Characterized by the fact that
Data recorder. The buffer is a ring buffer in which the pointer indicating the write position of the measurement data returns to the first position after the final position,
The data recorder according to claim 4. The mounted recording medium is an IC-equipped card having a recording remaining amount detecting function, and is configured to output an alarm when the recording remaining amount in the first recording area or the second recording area exceeds a certain value. ing,
The data recorder according to claim 4. The determination means prepares at least one of the general behavior characteristic and the specific behavior characteristic as a time-series change pattern of predetermined data, and compares the measured data developed in the buffer with the change pattern in a time-series manner. It is configured to determine whether or not the condition for writing to the recording medium is satisfied,
The data recorder according to claim 4. The data expanding unit samples measurement data corresponding to the first data at a first frequency and expands the sampled data in the buffer. For measurement data corresponding to the second data, a second data having a frequency higher than the first frequency is used. Configured to sample at two frequencies and develop into the buffer;
The data recorder according to claim 4. The data writing unit is configured to encrypt the measurement data developed in the buffer with key information unique to a recording medium to be written, and to write the encrypted data to the recording medium.
The data recorder according to claim 4. An image capturing device configured to capture an operation state of the moving object, wherein the data writing unit converts the image data captured by the image capturing device into the first data or the second data when the first data or the second data is written. It is configured to link and write data on the time axis,
A data recorder according to any one of claims 4 to 9 . A recording medium detachably mounted on the medium mounting mechanism of the data recorder according to any one of claims 4 to 10 ,
A first recording area, a second recording area, and a semiconductor memory in which conditions for writing data measured by the data recorder are recorded, and information that can specify a moving body to which the data recorder is attached and an operator thereof. Characterized by being individualized by
recoding media. A memory card having a shape and a mechanism according to the PCMCIA standard;
The recording medium according to claim 11 . A recording medium which is freely mounted disengaged medium loading mechanism of data recorder according to any one claim of claims 4 to 10, the first recording area, measured in the second recording area and the data recorder data A semiconductor memory in which conditions for writing the data are recorded, and an IC chip having a data recording remaining amount detection function mounted on a card medium,
The IC chip outputs an alarm when the remaining recording capacity of the first recording area or the second recording area exceeds a certain value.
Characterized in that it is individualized by information capable of specifying a moving body to which the data recorder is attached and an operator thereof.
recoding media. A data recorder according to any one of claims 4 to 10 , a recording medium according to any one of claims 11 to 13 , and a medium mounting mechanism for detachably mounting the recording medium. And an operation management support device having
The operation management support device,
The data recorded in the first recording area and the second recording area of the recording medium by the data recorder is read, and the contents of the general behavior and the contents of the specific behavior of the moving object are determined based on the read data. Data analysis means for identifying
Output means for outputting the contents of the behavior specified by the data analysis means in a visible form.
Operation management system.

Images