JP3594486B2 - Moisture exchange element - Google Patents
Moisture exchange element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3594486B2 JP3594486B2 JP18837998A JP18837998A JP3594486B2 JP 3594486 B2 JP3594486 B2 JP 3594486B2 JP 18837998 A JP18837998 A JP 18837998A JP 18837998 A JP18837998 A JP 18837998A JP 3594486 B2 JP3594486 B2 JP 3594486B2
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- Prior art keywords
- moisture
- exchange element
- lithium chloride
- ion
- air
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- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940073577 lithium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003230 hygroscopic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000008842 sick building syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
- F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
- F24F3/1423—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with a moving bed of solid desiccants, e.g. a rotary wheel supporting solid desiccants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1032—Desiccant wheel
- F24F2203/1036—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1048—Geometric details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1068—Rotary wheel comprising one rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1084—Rotary wheel comprising two flow rotor segments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は冷暖房時に換気を行った際に失われる潜熱を回収したり除湿あるいは加湿に用いられる湿気交換素子に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の湿気交換素子として紙に塩化リチウム水溶液を含浸し塩化リチウムの潮解現象を利用して湿気を吸着させるものがあった。このような従来の湿気交換素子は、相対湿度が極めて高い環境下で長時間使用し吸・脱着を多く繰り返すと次第に塩化リチウムが湿気交換素子の片方に寄り、吸着性能が落ちたり、紙が塩化リチウムの再結晶によって崩れるというトラブルが発生した。
【0003】
このため、湿気交換素子を構成するシートに湿気の吸着を行なわせるためシリカゲル、活性炭、ゼオライト等の吸着型固体吸湿剤を固着するものが開発された。
【0004】
このような湿気交換素子を潜熱交換に用いる場合、たとえば夏季には高温多湿の外気を湿気交換素子の入気ゾーンに通してその温度および湿度を下げて冷房された室内に供給し、室内からの還気を湿気交換素子の還気ゾーンに通して高温多湿の外気より湿気交換素子に与えられた熱および湿気を還気に与え排気として室外に排出する。
【0005】
あるいは、湿気交換素子を加湿に使用する場合、湿気交換素子に外気に含まれる湿気を吸着させ、吸着された湿気を脱着し、その脱着された湿気を室内へ送ることによって加湿するようにしている。
【0006】
しかしながら、そのような従来の湿気交換素子の内で固体吸着剤を用いたものは湿気交換や加湿に際し、還気または外気に含まれている種々の臭気物質その他の有害ガス、その他の物質も湿気交換素子の吸着剤に吸着され漸次蓄積する。それが室内に送られ、室内における臭気発生の原因となり人間の嗅覚に感知されるに至るトラブルが発生した。
【0007】
湿気交換素子の湿気吸着剤は湿気の吸着が速くかつ脱着が容易でなければ湿気の室内への還流ができない。また加湿・除湿に用いる場合も湿気の吸着が速くかつ脱着が容易でなければ、加湿あるいは除湿効率が悪くなる。
【0008】
しかし、湿気の吸着が速くかつ脱着が容易な湿気吸着剤は一般的に水以外の活性物質も吸・脱着し易く、このために臭気成分も吸・脱着してしまい、臭気成分を室内へ戻してしまうという問題があった。
【0009】
このため湿気交換素子の臭気成分の移行を少なくする技術例えば、水の分子とほぼ同一のポアを有するゼオライトを湿気吸着剤として用いる技術等が例えば特許出願公開平成5年第87477号公報に見られるように種々提案された。
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記の従来の湿気交換素子は臭気成分の移行が少なくなったが十分ではなく、また微量の化学物質を吸着せず室内より排出するという点で必ずしも十分なものではなかった。
【0011】
つまり従来の湿気交換素子は湿気の吸着剤としてシリカゲルやゼオライトを用いており、これらの湿気の吸着原理は低湿度側では吸着剤と水の分子が水素結合で結合することによっている。従って、この原理のみで水の分子を吸着するのであれば基本的には水の分子のみを吸着するのであるが、同時に吸着剤に形成されたポアに毛細管現象によって水が入る現象も生じる。この場合は極性物質をも吸着してしまい、そのような物質は吸着剤からの脱着によって室内側に移行する。
【0012】
特に湿気交換素子を加湿器として利用する場合、湿気交換素子ロータを吸着ゾーンと再生ゾーンとに分割し、外気を吸着ゾーンに通して外気中の水分を湿気交換素子に吸着させ、再生ゾーンに高温の空気を通して湿気交換素子ロータに吸着された水分を放出させて室内へ供給するようにしている。
【0013】
このような使用の形態の場合、例えば吸着剤としてシリカゲルやゼオライトを用いたものは、アンモニアの移行率すなわち外気中に含まれるアンモニアが室内へ移行する率は90%を越える。
【0014】
また近年は室内に多くのガス状の化学物質が存在し、従来の湿気交換素子ではこれらの化学物質の移行を効果的に防止することが困難であった。
【0015】
つまり、家具や壁紙等に用いられる接着剤や防虫剤等に多くの化学物質が使用され、このため近年家庭やオフィス等の中から種々の微量な化学物質が発生し、このような化学物質が化学物質過敏症を引き起こすということが報告されている。
【0016】
本発明は上記の問題点に着目してなされたものであり、臭気成分や化学物質の移行を極めて少なくするとともに湿気の交換効率の極めて高い湿気交換素子を提供しようとするものである。
【0017】
【課題を解決するための手段】
イオン交換樹脂を湿気吸着剤として定着し、塩化リチウム溶液を浸透させたシートを透孔を有するよう積層成形するようにした。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の請求項1に記載の発明はイオン交換樹脂を湿気吸着剤として定着し塩化リチウム溶液を含浸させたシートを透孔を有するよう積層成形したものであり、空気中に含まれるガスが酸性ガスあるいは塩基性ガスであるか否かに係わらず種々な化学物質を吸着せず、イオン交換樹脂に接する塩化リチウム溶液の浸透圧とイオン交換樹脂の浸透圧との差によって湿気が速やかにイオン交換樹脂に吸着されるという作用を有する。
【0019】
【実施例】
分子内に化学結合した電離基を有するスチレン系イオン交換樹脂の粉末をパルプやアラミド繊維等の繊維及びバインダーとともに混合し、従来より公知の抄紙技術を用いて厚さ0.2mm程度の紙を作る。
【0020】
そして図1に示す如く抄紙された紙を波状に加工したコルゲートシート1と、抄紙されて平状のままのライナーシート2とを重ねてボス3上に捲き付ける。所定の厚さまで巻き付けた後、外周部に亜鉛メッキ鋼板等の外周板4を巻き付け湿気交換素子5を作成する。
【0021】
上記の分子内に化学結合した電離基を有するスチレン系イオン交換樹脂としてスチレン系中性イオン交換樹脂Na形を用いることができ、そのさらに具体的な材料として、三菱化学株式会社製の「DIAION SK 1B」やダウケミカル株式会社製の「ダウェックスイオンHCR−S」等を用いることができる。スチレン系中性イオン交換樹脂Na形の化学式の例を以下に示す。
【0022】
【化1】
【0023】
また、スチレン系中性イオン交換樹脂は製造された直後の状態は直径0.4〜0.6mmの球状であり、そのままでは粒径が大きいのでミルを使用して粉砕して使用する。
【0024】
作成された湿気交換素子5を濃度2%〜5%(重量パーセント)の塩化リチウム水溶液に浸漬する。するとスチレン系中性イオン交換樹脂Na形中のナトリウムイオンがリチウムイオンとイオン交換される。イオン交換が十分に行われた後で湿気交換素子5を塩化リチウム水溶液から引き上げる。
【0025】
これによって、図2に示すように紙の中に抄き込まれたイオン交換樹脂粉体6の回りを塩化リチウム水溶液の層7が覆った状態となる。ここで湿気を多く含んだ空気が来ると、塩化リチウム水溶液の層7が空気中の湿分を吸着してその濃度が低下する。
【0026】
すると、イオン交換樹脂粉体6の内部の浸透圧の方が塩化リチウム水溶液の層7の浸透圧より高くなる。従って、水分が塩化リチウム水溶液の層7からイオン交換樹脂粉体6の内部へ移行する。これによって塩化リチウム水溶液の層7の濃度は常に一定となる。
【0027】
次に湿気交換素子5に80℃〜120℃の温風を当てると、吸着された水分が脱着される。つまり、塩化リチウム水溶液の層7から水分が気化し溶液濃度が高くなる。すると上記の逆の現象が発生し浸透圧の差によってイオン交換樹脂粉体6の内部から水分が塩化リチウム水溶液の層7へ移行する。
【0028】
以上の構成の本発明の湿気交換素子5は、塩化リチウム水溶液とイオン交換樹脂を吸着剤として利用しており、従来の塩化リチウムのみを使用したものと比較して、塩化リチウム溶液濃度が水分の吸脱着によって殆ど変化せず、高い湿度の空気を処理する場合であっても塩化リチウム水溶液が飛散するようなことはない。
【0029】
また、従来の湿気交換素子のうち湿気吸着剤としてシリカゲルやゼオライトを用いたものは水分の吸着原理として、水の分子を水素結合や毛細管現象によって吸着している。これに対して本発明の湿気交換素子5は、湿気吸着剤は分子内に化学結合した電離基を有するスチレン系イオン交換樹脂であり水分の吸着原理がイオン交換基と水和して吸着されイオン交換不可能な物質例えば炭化水素の蒸気と水蒸気の混合ガスが接触した場合、水の分子のみ選択吸着する。
【0030】
またイオン交換可能な物質と水蒸気の混合ガスが接触した場合、水の分子とともにイオン交換によってイオン交換可能な物質のみ選択吸着する。そしてイオン交換可能な物質はイオン結合によって容易に脱着しない状態で吸着される。
【0031】
つまり、イオン交換樹脂は種々の物質を吸着し吸着した物質を脱着するためには化学当量的に多量の強酸や強アルカリ溶液で洗浄する必要がある。従って、常温の空気に触れた位では脱着することはなく、吸着剤に次第にイオン交換可能な物質が蓄積し、いずれ吸着能力いっぱいになるまで吸着する。するとその後は水の分子のみ吸着するようになる。
【0032】
このようにして湿気吸着剤であるイオン交換樹脂は水以外の物質を吸脱着せず、よって臭気物質や化学物質の移行が極めて小さくなる。塩化リチウム水溶液は低濃度の場合はアンモニアも吸着するが、上記のように湿気交換素子5に含浸した塩化リチウム水溶液の濃度は2%〜5%と薄く、よって従来の塩化リチウムを含浸した除湿ロータと比較して塩化リチウム水溶液層7の容量が小さく、これによるアンモニアの吸着量は無視できるほど小さい。さらに上記説明のとおり、塩化リチウム水溶液層7の濃度は高く維持されるため、アンモニアの吸着は起こりにくい。
【0033】
本発明の湿気交換素子5についてアンモニアの移行を次の方法で試験した。つまり、図3に湿気交換素子5を用いた除湿機のフロー図を示す。湿気交換素子5はモータ(図示せず)によって回転駆動され、室内の空気が処理空気SAとしてブロア8によって湿気交換素子5へ送られる。また、ヒーター9によって90℃に加熱された温風を再生空気RAとして湿気交換素子5の再生ゾーンへ送られ、再生出口空気WAとしてブロア10によって排出される。
【0034】
処理空気SAに35ppm濃度のアンモニアを入れてロータに通し、再生出口空気WAへの移行量を調べた。
【0035】
空気条件は処理空気SAの温度を27℃に固定し、相対湿度を50%から70%まで変化させ、再生空気RAの温度を90℃に固定した。湿気交換素子5の前面風速は処理空気SAおよび再生空気RAとも2m/sとし、湿気交換素子回転数は6RPMとした。この結果図4に示すようにアンモニアの移行率は22%〜36%と極めて小さいものであった。
【0036】
また以上の実施例ではスチレン系中性イオン交換樹脂Na形微粉末を湿気吸着剤として用いたが、スチレン系イオン交換樹脂H形、スチレン系イオン交換樹脂Li形微粉末、スチレン系イオン交換樹脂K形微粉末あるいはスチレン系イオン交換樹脂Ca形微粉末を用いることができる。
【0037】
さらに以上の実施例では塩化リチウムの水溶液を用いる例を示したが、エチルアルコールその他極性を有する溶剤の溶液を使用することもできる。
【0038】
以上の各種イオン交換樹脂は、湿気交換素子5の用いられる雰囲気にあわせて、つまり空気中に含有されているガスに応じて適宜選択することができる。そして各種イオン交換樹脂を単一種ではなく複数種混合して用いることにより、空気中に含有するガスが複数種であっても対応することができる。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明の湿気交換素子は以上の説明のとおり、イオン交換樹脂を湿気吸着剤として定着し、塩化リチウム水溶液を含浸させたシートを透孔を有するよう積層成形するようにしたものであり、湿気吸着剤が水の分子のみ選択吸着するため、臭気物質や化学物質の移行が極めて少なくなる。また塩化リチウム溶液の量が少ないため、塩化リチウム水溶液への化学物質の吸収は少ない。
このため、湿気交換素子を通過した空気が臭うことがなく、湿気交換素子を機能させることによって室内に化学物質が発生しても室外へ排出することができ、シックハウス症候群や化学物質過敏症を予防することができる。
また高湿度の空気を処理しても塩化リチウム水溶液が流れ出したり飛散することはない。さらに、湿分の吸着吸収原理として塩化リチウムの吸湿効果を使用し、湿分を吸着しても塩化リチウム水溶液濃度が低下しないために吸着が強力である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の湿気交換素子の斜視図である。
【図2】本発明の湿気交換素子に使用される吸着シートの拡大断面図である。
【図3】本発明の湿気交換素子を用いた除湿機の原理を示すフロー図である。
【図4】本発明の湿気交換素子の臭気物質の移行を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
1 コルゲートシート
2 ライナーシート
3 ボス
4 外周板
5 湿気交換素子
6 イオン交換樹脂粉体
7 塩化リチウム溶液の層
8 ブロア
9 ヒーター
10 ブロア[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a moisture exchange element used for recovering latent heat lost when ventilation is performed during cooling and heating, and for dehumidifying or humidifying.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional moisture exchange element, there is an element in which a paper is impregnated with a lithium chloride aqueous solution and moisture is adsorbed by utilizing the deliquescence of lithium chloride. Such a conventional moisture exchange element is used for a long time in an environment where the relative humidity is extremely high, and after repeated absorption and desorption, lithium chloride gradually approaches one of the moisture exchange elements, causing the adsorption performance to drop and the paper to become chlorinated. There was a problem of collapse due to recrystallization of lithium.
[0003]
For this reason, a device has been developed in which an adsorption-type solid hygroscopic agent such as silica gel, activated carbon, zeolite, or the like is fixed in order to cause the sheet constituting the moisture exchange element to adsorb moisture.
[0004]
When such a moisture exchange element is used for latent heat exchange, for example, in summer, high-temperature and high-humidity outside air is passed through an air-intake zone of the moisture exchange element to reduce its temperature and humidity and supply it to a cooled room. The return air is passed through the return air zone of the moisture exchange element, and the heat and humidity given to the moisture exchange element from the high-temperature and high-humidity outside air are supplied to the return air and exhausted outside as exhaust.
[0005]
Alternatively, when the moisture exchange element is used for humidification, moisture contained in the outside air is adsorbed to the moisture exchange element, the adsorbed moisture is desorbed, and the desorbed moisture is sent to the room to humidify. .
[0006]
However, among such conventional moisture exchange elements using a solid adsorbent, various odorous substances and other harmful gases and other substances contained in the return air or the outside air during moisture exchange and humidification are also wet. It is adsorbed by the adsorbent of the exchange element and accumulates gradually. It was sent indoors, causing odors in the room and causing a problem that was perceived by human smell.
[0007]
The moisture adsorbent of the moisture exchange element cannot return moisture to the room unless moisture is quickly adsorbed and easily desorbed. Also, when used for humidification and dehumidification, the efficiency of humidification or dehumidification is deteriorated unless moisture adsorption is fast and desorption is not easy.
[0008]
However, moisture adsorbents that absorb moisture quickly and are easy to desorb are generally easy to absorb and desorb active substances other than water, and therefore also absorb and desorb odor components, returning the odor components to the room. There was a problem that would.
[0009]
For this reason, a technique for reducing the transfer of the odor component of the moisture exchange element, for example, a technique using a zeolite having pores substantially the same as water molecules as a moisture adsorbent can be found in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 874777/1993. Various proposals have been made.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned conventional moisture exchange element has reduced the transfer of odor components, but is not sufficient, and is not always sufficient in that a small amount of chemical substance is discharged from the room without being adsorbed.
[0011]
That is, the conventional moisture exchange element uses silica gel or zeolite as a moisture adsorbent, and the principle of adsorption of these moistures is based on the fact that the adsorbent and water molecules are bonded by hydrogen bonds on the low humidity side. Therefore, if water molecules are adsorbed only by this principle, basically only water molecules are adsorbed, but at the same time, a phenomenon that water enters the pores formed in the adsorbent by capillary action also occurs. In this case, polar substances are also adsorbed, and such substances move to the indoor side by desorption from the adsorbent.
[0012]
In particular, when the moisture exchange element is used as a humidifier, the moisture exchange element rotor is divided into an adsorption zone and a regeneration zone, and the outside air is passed through the adsorption zone to adsorb moisture in the outside air to the moisture exchange element. The moisture adsorbed by the moisture exchange element rotor is released through the air to supply the air to the room.
[0013]
In the case of such a use form, for example, when silica gel or zeolite is used as the adsorbent, the transfer rate of ammonia, that is, the transfer rate of ammonia contained in the outside air to the room exceeds 90%.
[0014]
In recent years, many gaseous chemical substances are present in a room, and it has been difficult for a conventional moisture exchange element to effectively prevent the transfer of these chemical substances.
[0015]
In other words, many chemical substances are used for adhesives, insect repellents, etc. used for furniture, wallpaper, etc., and thus, in recent years, various trace chemical substances are generated from homes, offices, etc., and such chemical substances are used. It has been reported to cause chemical sensitivity.
[0016]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a moisture exchange element having extremely low moisture exchange efficiency while minimizing the transfer of odor components and chemical substances.
[0017]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The ion-exchange resin was fixed as a moisture adsorbent, and the sheet impregnated with the lithium chloride solution was laminated and formed so as to have through holes.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is obtained by laminating a sheet impregnated with an ion-exchange resin as a moisture adsorbent and impregnated with a lithium chloride solution so as to have pores, and the gas contained in the air is acidic. It does not adsorb various chemicals regardless of whether it is a gas or a basic gas, and moisture quickly exchanges ions due to the difference between the osmotic pressure of the lithium chloride solution in contact with the ion exchange resin and the osmotic pressure of the ion exchange resin. Has the effect of being adsorbed by the resin.
[0019]
【Example】
A powder of a styrene-based ion exchange resin having an ionizing group chemically bonded in a molecule is mixed with a fiber such as pulp or aramid fiber and a binder, and a paper having a thickness of about 0.2 mm is made using a conventionally known papermaking technique. .
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1, a corrugated sheet 1 obtained by processing paper-made paper into a corrugated shape and a liner sheet 2 made of paper and remaining flat are superposed and wound on a boss 3. After winding to a predetermined thickness, an outer peripheral plate 4 such as a galvanized steel plate is wound around the outer peripheral portion to create a
[0021]
As the styrene-based ion-exchange resin having an ionizing group chemically bonded in the molecule, a styrene-based neutral ion-exchange resin Na form can be used, and as a more specific material, "DIAION SK" manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation can be used. 1B "or" Dowex Ion HCR-S "manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd. can be used. Examples of the chemical formula of the styrene-based neutral ion exchange resin Na form are shown below.
[0022]
Embedded image
[0023]
The styrene-based neutral ion-exchange resin is in a spherical state having a diameter of 0.4 to 0.6 mm immediately after it is produced, and has a large particle size as it is, so that it is pulverized using a mill and used.
[0024]
The prepared
[0025]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the layer 7 of the aqueous solution of lithium chloride covers the periphery of the ion exchange resin powder 6 that is formed in the paper. Here, when air containing much humidity comes, the layer 7 of the aqueous solution of lithium chloride adsorbs moisture in the air, and its concentration decreases.
[0026]
Then, the osmotic pressure inside the ion exchange resin powder 6 becomes higher than the osmotic pressure of the layer 7 of the lithium chloride aqueous solution. Therefore, moisture moves from the layer 7 of the aqueous lithium chloride solution to the inside of the ion exchange resin powder 6. Thereby, the concentration of the layer 7 of the aqueous solution of lithium chloride is always constant.
[0027]
Next, when hot air of 80 ° C. to 120 ° C. is applied to the
[0028]
The
[0029]
Further, among the conventional moisture exchange elements, those using silica gel or zeolite as a moisture adsorbent adsorb water molecules by hydrogen bonding or capillary action as a principle of adsorbing moisture. On the other hand, in the
[0030]
Further, when a mixed gas of an ion-exchangeable substance and water vapor comes into contact, only a substance that can be ion-exchanged by ion exchange with water molecules is selectively adsorbed. Then, the ion-exchangeable substance is adsorbed by the ionic bond without being easily desorbed.
[0031]
That is, in order to adsorb various substances and desorb the adsorbed substances, it is necessary to wash the ion exchange resin with a chemically equivalent large amount of a strong acid or strong alkaline solution. Therefore, it does not desorb when it comes into contact with air at room temperature, and the ion-exchangeable substance gradually accumulates in the adsorbent, and is adsorbed until the adsorbing capacity becomes full. Then, only the water molecules are adsorbed thereafter.
[0032]
In this way, the ion exchange resin, which is a moisture adsorbent, does not adsorb and desorb substances other than water, so that the transfer of odorous substances and chemical substances is extremely small. Although the aqueous solution of lithium chloride also adsorbs ammonia when the concentration is low, the concentration of the aqueous solution of lithium chloride impregnated in the
[0033]
The transfer of ammonia was tested on the
[0034]
Ammonia having a concentration of 35 ppm was put into the treated air SA and passed through a rotor, and the transfer amount to the regeneration outlet air WA was examined.
[0035]
The air condition was such that the temperature of the treated air SA was fixed at 27 ° C., the relative humidity was changed from 50% to 70%, and the temperature of the regenerated air RA was fixed at 90 ° C. The front wind speed of the
[0036]
In the above embodiments, the styrene-based neutral ion exchange resin Na type fine powder was used as the moisture adsorbent, but the styrene-based ion exchange resin H-type, styrene-based ion exchange resin Li-type fine powder, and styrene-based ion exchange resin K were used. Shaped fine powder or styrene-based ion exchange resin Ca-shaped fine powder can be used.
[0037]
Further, in the above embodiments, an example in which an aqueous solution of lithium chloride is used has been described. However, a solution of ethyl alcohol or a solvent having a polarity may be used.
[0038]
The above various ion exchange resins can be appropriately selected according to the atmosphere in which the
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the moisture exchange element of the present invention fixes the ion exchange resin as a moisture adsorbent, and laminate-molds a sheet impregnated with an aqueous solution of lithium chloride so as to have through-holes. Since the agent selectively adsorbs only water molecules, the transfer of odorous substances and chemical substances is extremely reduced. Further, since the amount of the lithium chloride solution is small, the absorption of the chemical substance into the lithium chloride aqueous solution is small.
As a result, air passing through the moisture exchange element does not smell, and even if a chemical substance is generated inside the room by operating the moisture exchange element, it can be discharged outside the room, preventing sick house syndrome and chemical sensitivity. can do.
Also, even if the high humidity air is treated, the aqueous lithium chloride solution does not flow out or scatter. Furthermore, the absorption effect of lithium chloride is used as the principle of adsorption and absorption of moisture, and even if moisture is adsorbed, the concentration of the aqueous solution of lithium chloride does not decrease, so that the adsorption is strong.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a moisture exchange element of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of an adsorption sheet used for the moisture exchange element of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the principle of a dehumidifier using the moisture exchange element of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the transfer of odorous substances in the moisture exchange element of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 corrugated sheet 2 liner sheet 3 boss 4 outer
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18837998A JP3594486B2 (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1998-07-03 | Moisture exchange element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18837998A JP3594486B2 (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1998-07-03 | Moisture exchange element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000015035A JP2000015035A (en) | 2000-01-18 |
| JP3594486B2 true JP3594486B2 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
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| JP18837998A Expired - Lifetime JP3594486B2 (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1998-07-03 | Moisture exchange element |
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| JP4830348B2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2011-12-07 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Humidification device and humidification method |
| CN103275568B (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-01-06 | 华南理工大学 | The preparation method of pipe box finned heat exchanger nonionic adsorption resin hygroscopic coatings |
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| JPS5649610B2 (en) * | 1974-03-01 | 1981-11-24 | ||
| JPS63319020A (en) * | 1987-06-19 | 1988-12-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing hygroscopic elements |
| JP2936127B2 (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1999-08-23 | 株式会社西部技研 | Hygroscopic element and dehumidifier |
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