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JP3594997B2 - Monitor device - Google Patents
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JP3594997B2 - Monitor device - Google Patents

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JP3594997B2
JP3594997B2 JP20178194A JP20178194A JP3594997B2 JP 3594997 B2 JP3594997 B2 JP 3594997B2 JP 20178194 A JP20178194 A JP 20178194A JP 20178194 A JP20178194 A JP 20178194A JP 3594997 B2 JP3594997 B2 JP 3594997B2
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Prior art keywords
collision
gas pressure
section
charged particles
particles
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JP20178194A
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JPH0867982A (en
Inventor
高志 田上
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Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
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Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は真空容器の所望領域内における荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突頻度をモニタするモニタ装置に関し、特に荷電粒子と中性粒子との多重散乱確率をモニタ可能なモニタ装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば真空容器内でイオン(荷電粒子)を基板に突させることによって基板上にイオンによる成膜を行うイオンを用いた各種成膜方法においては、真空容器の所望領域内で荷電粒子が中性粒子に衝突する頻度をモニタすることが成膜条件や品質等を決定する上で重要である。
【0003】
ところで、均一な電位空間内を荷電粒子が中性粒子と衝突を繰り返しながら飛行するとき、荷電粒子の質量が中性粒子の質量に比べて充分に大きく、衝突後も衝突前と同じ方向に飛行すると仮定できる場合には、長さDの区間でN回衝突する確率は、次の数式1のポアッソン分布で与えられることが知られている。
【0004】
【数1】

Figure 0003594997
【0005】
ここで、荷電粒子の平均自由行程Lは、中性粒子の密度nと、荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突断面積σから、次の数式2で表わされる。
【0006】
【数2】
Figure 0003594997
【0007】
この中性粒子の密度nは、所望領域内の中性粒子のガス圧力Pを測定することによって求められ、衝突断面積σは、衝突後も変化しないとして定数として扱われる。
【0008】
そこで、従来のモニタ装置においては、ガス圧力Pと衝突断面積σから数式1を用いて衝突確率を算出することによって、真空容器の所望領域内における荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突頻度(衝突確率)をモニタするようにしている。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した従来のモニタ装置にあっては、荷電粒子が均一な電位空間内を飛行することを前提として、衝突断面積σを定数として扱っているので、荷電粒子が不均一電位空間を飛行するとき、すなわち衝突断面積σが変化したときには、数式1が成り立たなくなるため、衝突確率を正確に算出することができないという課題がある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため本発明は、所望領域内のガス圧力を測定するガス圧力測定手段と、前記所望領域内の電位分布を測定する電位分布測定手段と、予め前記荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突断面積の既知データを格納した格納手段と、前記ガス圧力測定手段の測定結果、電位分布測定手段の測定結果及び格納手段に格納された衝突断面積の既知データに基づいて前記所望領域内の衝突頻度を算出する衝突頻度算出手段とを備えた。
【0011】
【作用】
衝突断面積が場所xに依存する際において、ガス圧力測定手段で所望領域内のガス圧力Pを測定し、電位分布測定手段で所望領域内の電位分布V(x)を測定し、衝突頻度算出手段によって、これらの各測定結果と格納手段に格納された加速エネルギーeVでの衝突断面積σ(eV)の既知データとに基づいて、所望領域内の荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突頻度を算出する。
【0012】
すなわち、衝突断面積が場所xで変化する際、一般的には、衝突係数κ(x)が場所xで変化すると考えると、距離Dの区間でN回衝突する確率Pは、次の数式3で与えられる。
【0013】
【数3】
Figure 0003594997
【0014】
この数式3を場所xに依存する衝突断面積σ(x)を用いて書き直すと、数式4となる。
【0015】
【数4】
Figure 0003594997
【0016】
すなわち、距離Dの区間でN回衝突する確率Pは、数式4から、場所xでの平均自由行程L、場所xでの衝突断面積σ、場所xでの衝突断面積σ(x)によって求めることができる。
ここで、荷電粒子として一イオンを例にすると、場所xでの加速エネルギーが電位分布V(x)からeV(x)と表わされるので、加速エネルギーeVでの衝突断面積σ(eV)と電位分布V(x)を与えると、衝突断面積σ(x)がσ(eV(x))として場所xの関数で表わされる。
また、場所xでの平均自由行程Lは、中性粒子の密度nと場所xでの衝突断面積σから、数式5で表わされる。なお、中性粒子の密度nは、前記のように所望領域内の中性粒子のガス圧力Pを測定することから求められる。
【0017】
【数5】
Figure 0003594997
【0018】
したがって、ガス圧力測定手段で所望領域内のガス圧力Pを測定し、電位分布測定手段で所望領域内の電位分布V(x)を測定することによって、これらの各測定結果と格納手段に格納された加速エネルギーeVでの衝突断面積σ(eV)の既知データとに基づいて所望領域内の荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突頻度を算出することができる。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下に本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図1は本発明に係るモニタ装置で真空容器内の荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突頻度をモニタする場合の模式的構成図である。
【0020】
真空容器1内には試料台2を配置して試料3を設置し、イオンビーム発生装置4から試料3に対して正イオン(荷電粒子)5を射出する場合に、真空容器1の所望領域内での正イオン5と中性粒子6との衝突頻度をモニタするために、真空容器1の所望領域内のガス圧力Pを測定するガス圧力測定手段としてのガス圧力計7と、真空容器1の所望領域内の電位分布V(x)を測定する電位分布測定手段としてイオンビーム発生装置4のイオンビームの電位を測定する電位計8、及び電源9から試料台2に印加する電位を測定する電位計10と、加速エネルギーeVでの衝突断面積σ(eV)の既知データを格納した格納手段であるメモリ11と、これらのガス圧力計7の測定結果、電位計8,10の測定結果及びメモリ11に格納した加速エネルギーeVでの衝突断面積σ(eV)の既知データとに基づいて、前記数式4を用いて衝突頻度を算出する衝突頻度算出手段である演算器12とを備えると共に、演算器12の演算結果を表示する表示装置13を設けている。
【0021】
ここで、イオンビーム発生装置4で発生した正イオン5が試料3まで飛行する区間の距離をDとして、この距離Dは予め演算器12に与えている。また、イオンビーム発生装置4のイオンビームの電位を測定する電位計8の測定結果と、試料台2に印加する電位を測定する電位計10の測定結果との差、すなわち電位差は区間の距離Dに比例して発生している。
【0022】
以上のように構成したモニタ装置を用いて真空容器1の所望領域内での荷電粒子である正イオン5と中性粒子6との衝突頻度をモニタした。このときのモニタ条件は、数式4の積分部分式である数式6の算出値が、0.5で、D/Lが1の場合であった。
【0023】
【数6】
Figure 0003594997
【0024】
この結果、1回散乱確率P、2回散乱確率P、3回散乱確率Pについての表示装置13の表示値は、P=0.303、P=0.076、P=0.013であった。
【0025】
これに対して、従来の数式1によって算出した散乱確率は、P=0.368、P=0.184、P=0.061となり、上記モニタ装置によるモニタ結果と大幅に異なり、この傾向は、衝突断面積の加速エネルギー依存性が大きくなるに従って顕著になる。
【0026】
このように、このモニタ装置によれば、不均一電位空間内を飛行する荷電粒子が中性粒子に衝突して多重散乱される際の衝突頻度、多重散乱確率を正確にモニタすることができ、特に衝突断面積の加速エネルギー依存性が大きくなるほどその効果は大きくなる。
【0027】
なお、上記実施例では、一イオンを例にして説明したが、多イオンではその加速エネルギーに応じた衝突断面積のデータを用いることによって、多重散乱確率をモニタすることができる。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、真空容器の所望領域のガス圧力及び電位分布の測定結果と衝突断面積の既知データに基づいて荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突頻度をモニタするので、荷電粒子が不均一電位空間内で中性粒子と何回衝突したかをモニタすることができ、荷電粒子による成膜等の品質を向上することが可能になる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係るモニタ装置で真空容器内の荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突頻度をモニタする場合の模式的構成図
【符号の説明】
1…真空容器、2…試料台、3…試料、4…イオンビーム発生装置、5…正オン、6…中性粒子、7…ガス圧力計、8,10…電位計、11…メモリ(格納手段)、12…演算器(衝突頻度算出手段)、13…表示装置。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a monitor that monitors the frequency of collision between charged particles and neutral particles in a desired region of a vacuum vessel, and more particularly to a monitor that can monitor the multiple scattering probability of charged particles and neutral particles.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in various film deposition method using an ion for forming a film by ion on a substrate by the collision of the ions (charged particles) onto a substrate in a vacuum chamber, the charged particles in a desired region of the vacuum vessel is neutral It is important to monitor the frequency of collision with particles in determining film forming conditions, quality, and the like.
[0003]
By the way, when a charged particle flies repeatedly in a uniform potential space while colliding with a neutral particle, the mass of the charged particle is sufficiently larger than the mass of the neutral particle, and after the collision, it flies in the same direction as before the collision. If so, it is known that the probability of colliding N times in a section of length D is given by the Poisson distribution of the following Equation 1.
[0004]
(Equation 1)
Figure 0003594997
[0005]
Here, the mean free path L of the charged particles is expressed by the following formula 2 from the density n of the neutral particles and the collision cross section σ between the charged particles and the neutral particles.
[0006]
(Equation 2)
Figure 0003594997
[0007]
The density n of the neutral particles is obtained by measuring the gas pressure P of the neutral particles in the desired region , and the collision cross-sectional area σ is treated as a constant because it does not change after the collision.
[0008]
Therefore, in the conventional monitoring device, the collision frequency between the charged particles and the neutral particles in the desired region of the vacuum vessel (the collision frequency) is calculated by calculating the collision probability from the gas pressure P and the collision cross section σ using Expression 1. Probability) is monitored.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described conventional monitoring device, the collision cross section σ is treated as a constant on the assumption that the charged particles fly in a uniform potential space, so that the charged particles fly in a non-uniform potential space. That is, when the collision cross-sectional area σ changes, Equation 1 does not hold, so that there is a problem that the collision probability cannot be accurately calculated.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a gas pressure measuring means for measuring a gas pressure in a desired area, a potential distribution measuring means for measuring a potential distribution in the desired area, and the charged particles and neutral particles in advance. Storage means for storing known data of the collision cross-section area, and the measurement result of the gas pressure measurement means, the measurement result of the potential distribution measurement means and the known data of the collision cross-section area stored in the storage means. And a collision frequency calculating means for calculating the collision frequency.
[0011]
[Action]
When the collision cross section depends on the location x, the gas pressure measuring means measures the gas pressure P in the desired area, the potential distribution measuring means measures the potential distribution V (x) in the desired area, and calculates the collision frequency. The collision frequency between the charged particles and the neutral particles in the desired region is determined by the means based on each of these measurement results and the known data of the collision cross section σ (eV) at the acceleration energy eV stored in the storage means. calculate.
[0012]
That is, when it is considered that the collision coefficient κ (x) generally changes at the location x when the collision cross section changes at the location x, the probability P N of colliding N times in the section of the distance D is expressed by the following equation. Given by 3.
[0013]
(Equation 3)
Figure 0003594997
[0014]
Rewriting Equation 3 using the collision cross section σ (x) depending on the location x gives Equation 4.
[0015]
(Equation 4)
Figure 0003594997
[0016]
That is, the distance the probability P N of collision N times in the interval from D, Equation 4, the mean free path at locations x 0 L, collision cross section sigma 0 at location x 0, the collision cross section at the place x sigma ( x).
Here, as an example the monovalent ions as charged particles, since the acceleration energy of the place x represented the potential distribution V (x) and eV (x), the collision cross section of an acceleration energy eV sigma and (eV) Given the potential distribution V (x), the collision cross section σ (x) is represented as σ (eV (x)) as a function of location x.
Further, the mean free path L in place x 0 from collision cross section sigma 0 at a density n and location x 0 neutral particles, represented by Equation 5. In addition, the density n of the neutral particles is determined by measuring the gas pressure P of the neutral particles in the desired region as described above.
[0017]
(Equation 5)
Figure 0003594997
[0018]
Therefore, the gas pressure P in the desired area is measured by the gas pressure measuring means, and the potential distribution V (x) in the desired area is measured by the potential distribution measuring means. The collision frequency between the charged particles and the neutral particles in the desired region can be calculated based on the known data of the collision cross section σ (eV) at the acceleration energy eV.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram when the frequency of collision between charged particles and neutral particles in a vacuum vessel is monitored by the monitor device according to the present invention.
[0020]
A sample table 2 is placed in a vacuum vessel 1, a sample 3 is placed, and when positive ions (charged particles) 5 are emitted from the ion beam generator 4 to the sample 3, the sample 3 is placed in a desired region of the vacuum vessel 1. In order to monitor the frequency of collision between the positive ions 5 and the neutral particles 6 in the vacuum vessel 1, a gas pressure gauge 7 as a gas pressure measuring means for measuring a gas pressure P in a desired region of the vacuum vessel 1; A potential meter 8 for measuring the potential of the ion beam of the ion beam generator 4 as a potential distribution measuring means for measuring a potential distribution V (x) in a desired region, and a potential for measuring a potential applied to the sample stage 2 from a power supply 9 10, a memory 11 as storage means for storing known data of a collision cross section σ (eV) at an acceleration energy eV, a measurement result of the gas pressure gauge 7, a measurement result of the electrometers 8 and 10, and a memory Acceleration energy stored in 11 A computing unit 12 which is a collision frequency calculating means for calculating the collision frequency by using the above formula 4 based on the known data of the collision cross-sectional area σ (eV) at the rugged eV. Is displayed.
[0021]
Here, assuming that the distance of a section where the positive ions 5 generated by the ion beam generator 4 flies to the sample 3 is D, the distance D is given to the calculator 12 in advance. Also, the difference between the measurement result of the electrometer 8 for measuring the potential of the ion beam of the ion beam generator 4 and the measurement result of the electrometer 10 for measuring the potential applied to the sample stage 2, that is, the potential difference is the distance D of the section. Occur in proportion to
[0022]
The collision frequency between the positive ions 5 as charged particles and the neutral particles 6 in the desired region of the vacuum vessel 1 was monitored using the monitoring device configured as described above. The monitoring condition at this time was a case where the calculated value S of Expression 6 which is an integral sub-expression of Expression 4 was 0.5 and D / L was 1.
[0023]
(Equation 6)
Figure 0003594997
[0024]
As a result, the display values of the display device 13 for the one-time scattering probability P 1 , the two-time scattering probability P 2 , and the three-time scattering probability P 3 are P 1 = 0.303, P 2 = 0.076, and P 3 = It was 0.013.
[0025]
On the other hand, the scattering probabilities calculated by the conventional formula 1 are P 1 = 0.368, P 2 = 0.184, and P 3 = 0.061, which are significantly different from the results of monitoring by the above-mentioned monitoring device. The tendency becomes remarkable as the acceleration energy dependence of the collision cross section increases.
[0026]
Thus, according to this monitoring device, it is possible to accurately monitor the collision frequency and the multiple scattering probability when the charged particles flying in the non-uniform electric potential space collide with the neutral particles and are multiply scattered, In particular, the effect increases as the acceleration energy dependence of the collision cross section increases.
[0027]
In the above embodiment has been described with the monovalent ions in examples of the polyhydric ions by using data collision cross sections in accordance with the acceleration energy, it is possible to monitor the multiple scattering probability.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the collision frequency between the charged particles and the neutral particles is monitored based on the measurement result of the gas pressure and the potential distribution in the desired region of the vacuum vessel and the known data of the collision cross section, The number of times the charged particles collide with the neutral particles in the non-uniform potential space can be monitored, and the quality of film formation by the charged particles can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram in a case where the frequency of collision between charged particles and neutral particles in a vacuum vessel is monitored by a monitor device according to the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vacuum container, 2 ... Sample table, 3 ... Sample, 4 ... Ion beam generator, 5 ... Positive ON, 6 ... Neutral particles, 7 ... Gas pressure gauge, 8, 10 ... Electrometer, 11 ... Memory (storage) Means), 12 ... Calculator (collision frequency calculating means), 13 ... Display device.

Claims (1)

真空容器の所望領域内における荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突頻度をモニタするモニタ装置において、前記所望領域内のガス圧力を測定するガス圧力測定手段と、前記所望領域内の電位分布を測定する電位分布測定手段と、予め前記荷電粒子と中性粒子との衝突断面積の既知データを格納した格納手段と、前記ガス圧力測定手段の測定結果、電位分布測定手段の測定結果及び格納手段に格納された衝突断面積の既知データに基づいて前記衝突頻度を算出する衝突頻度算出手段とを備えたことを特徴とするモニタ装置。A monitoring device for monitoring the frequency of collision between charged particles and neutral particles in a desired region of a vacuum vessel, wherein a gas pressure measuring means for measuring a gas pressure in the desired region and a potential distribution in the desired region are measured. Potential distribution measuring means, storing means which previously stores known data of the cross-sectional area of collision between the charged particles and neutral particles, measurement results of the gas pressure measuring means, measurement results of the potential distribution measuring means and stored in the storing means And a collision frequency calculating means for calculating the collision frequency based on the obtained known data of the collision cross-sectional area.
JP20178194A 1994-08-26 1994-08-26 Monitor device Expired - Fee Related JP3594997B2 (en)

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