JP3596754B2 - 3-axis roll crusher and its operation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a triaxial roll crusher mainly for breaking up waste materials such as concrete and asphalt, natural stones and the like into blocks of a predetermined size, and more particularly to a triaxial roll crusher for improving crushing efficiency.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A roll crusher is used as a crusher suitable for crushing concrete, asphalt, reinforced concrete, and the like. The roll crusher is generally one in which a two-axis roll is arranged and crushed. However, the present applicant has proposed a roll crusher having a three-axis roll (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-319593, Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 11-319593). No. 11-143936). The proposed three-axis roll crusher crushes at least two places at positions related to three rolls (Japanese Patent Application Nos. 10-138466 and 11-143936).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the proposed three-axis roll crusher, the input raw material (also referred to as a material to be crushed in the present invention) is preliminarily mixed with soil, silt, sand, gravel or the like having a small particle diameter, and is removed by sieving. There must be. For this reason, it is necessary to arrange a sieving device for sorting the objects to be crushed, and a space for arranging the sieving device is also required.
[0004]
The present invention has been made based on such a technical background, and achieves the following objects.
An object of the present invention is to provide a three-axis roll crusher that does not require sieving of a material to be crushed by particle size before crushing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a three-axis roll crusher that can be easily maintained.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a three-axis roll crusher provided with a feeder for transporting a crushed object, which can maintain the posture of the crushed object so that the crushed object can be easily crushed when the object is thrown into a roll. Is to provide.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The three-axis roll crusher according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a body, three rolls provided on the body and having a plurality of crushing teeth on the outer periphery and rotatably supported mutually in parallel with a drive shaft. The rolls include a first roll, a second roll and a third roll disposed below the first roll, and the first roll and the third roll are included in three relationships among the rolls. In a three-axis roll crusher in which crushing of an object to be crushed is performed in two relations of a first crushing portion between the first and second crushing portions between the second roll and the third roll,
A sieving function is provided for introducing the crushed material into the first crushing portion, and a shooter for sliding is disposed near the first crushing portion, and the crushed material sieved by the shooter is collected. For this purpose, the apparatus comprises a collecting chamber disposed at a lower position of the shooter, and a switching plate for changing a discharge direction of the crushed material dropped into the collecting chamber.
[0006]
A three-axis roll crusher according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a body, three rolls provided on the body and having a plurality of crushing teeth on the outer periphery and rotatably supported on a drive shaft in parallel with each other; The rolls include a first roll, a second roll and a third roll disposed below the first roll, and the first roll and the third roll are included in three relationships among the rolls. In a three-axis roll crusher in which crushing of an object to be crushed is performed in two relations of a first crushing portion between the first and second crushing portions between the second roll and the third roll,
The sieve has a sieving function for charging the object to be crushed into the first crushing part, and a shooter for sliding is arranged near the first crushing part, and one of both ends of the shooter can be swung. And two swing shafts respectively provided on the body at both ends in a detachable manner.
[0007]
The shooter may have a number of bars arranged in parallel. In order to improve the sieving effect, it is preferable that the shooter has two or more steps at the top and bottom. The shooter may have any structure such as a mesh structure and a hole structure as long as it has a sieving function. Further, a device having a vibration sieving function may be used.
[0008]
It is preferable that the endless belt of the belt conveyor for supplying the crushed material to the shooter has a sieving function. It is preferable to arrange alignment projections arranged on both sides of the feeder to contact the crushed object and change the direction of the crushed object on the endless belt. It is preferable to dispose a second hopper disposed near the second crushing section in order to throw the crushed object into the second crushing section.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[Embodiment 1]
Next, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a three-axis roll crusher according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the crushing chamber. FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. In the body 1, a three-axis roll crusher of a first roll 2, a second roll 3, and a third roll 4 is arranged. The machine base 1 is mounted on the common gantry 9 together with the hopper 35, the bar feeder 40, and the like.
[0011]
Both ends of the first shaft 5 of the first roll 2, the second shaft 6 of the second roll 3, and the third shaft 7 of the third roll 4 are rotatably arranged on the body 1 by bearings (see FIG. 3). I have. The first shaft 5, the second shaft 6, and the third shaft 7 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other. The first shaft 5 is arranged at the uppermost stage, and the second shaft 6 and the third shaft are located at the lower stage position. 7 are arranged with slightly different heights. The body 1 is fixed to upper ends of a plurality of support legs 8, and the support legs 8 support the body 1 on the installation ground.
[0012]
On the outer periphery of the first roll 2, first crushing teeth 10 are arranged and fixed at a constant angular position at an equal pitch angle. On the outer periphery of the second roll 3, second crushing teeth 11 are arranged and fixed at a constant angular interval at an equal pitch angle. On the outer periphery of the third roll 4, third crushing teeth 12 are arranged and fixed at regular angular intervals and at equal pitch angles. The second crushing teeth 11 and the third crushing teeth 12 are arranged and fixed at a pitch angle of twice the circumferential pitch angle of the first crushing teeth 10.
[0013]
The first roll 2, the second roll 3, and the third roll 4 have substantially the same structure except for the crushing teeth. For this reason, there is an advantage that any parts can be used for replacement. The outer periphery of the first roll 2 is provided with a crushing tooth clamp mechanism for fixing the first crushing teeth 10 and a fixing hole for inserting and fixing the insertion portion of the first crushing teeth 10. The tooth clamp mechanism is pulled out every other in the circumferential direction.
[0014]
The second crushing teeth 11 are detachably fixed to the second roll 3 by crushing tooth clamp mechanisms arranged in all the fixing holes. The first crushing teeth 10 of the first roll 2 are for crushing the raw material mainly by a wedge effect. Similarly, the third crushing teeth 12 are fixed to all the crushing tooth clamp mechanisms of the third roll 4. The first crushing teeth 10 of the first roll 2 and the second crushing teeth 11 of the second roll 3 are arranged at intervals so as not to interfere with each other. Strictly expressed mathematically, the cylindrical surface including the outermost rotation trajectory of the first crushing tooth 10 and the cylindrical surface including the outermost rotation trajectory of the second crushing tooth 11 do not overlap.
[0015]
Further, the first crushing teeth 10 of the first roll 2 and the second crushing teeth 11 of the second roll 3 are arranged so as to be alternate in the axial direction. The second crushing teeth 11 of the second roll 3 and the third crushing teeth 12 of the third roll 4 slightly overlap, but are arranged so as to be alternate in the axial direction so as not to interfere. . Strictly expressed mathematically, the cylindrical surface including the outermost rotation trajectory of the second crushing tooth 11 and the cylindrical surface including the outermost rotation trajectory of the third crushing tooth 12 overlap.
[0016]
The second crushing teeth 11 of the second roll 3 and the third crushing teeth 12 of the third roll 4 mainly compress and crush the raw materials. These can be reversed, but in normal crushing, the first roll 2 is rotated clockwise (on the illustration of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2), and the second roll 3 is rotated clockwise (FIG. 1 or FIG. 2). 3), and the third roll 4 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction (on the illustration of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2). At this time, after crushing roughly in the first crushing part 15 between the first roll 2 and the second roll 3, the second crushing part 16 between the second roll 3 and the third roll 4 performs It mainly crushes small pieces.
[0017]
A sprocket 20 is fixed to one end of the first shaft 5 of the first roll 2. A first roll drive motor 21 is arranged and fixed on the upper part of the body 1. A sprocket 22 is fixed to an output shaft of the first roll drive motor 21. A roller chain 23 extends between the sprocket 10 of the first shaft 5 and the sprocket 22 of the first roll drive motor 21. Therefore, the first roll 2 is driven to rotate by the first roll drive motor 21. A second roll drive motor 25 is arranged and fixed to the side of the body 1. A sprocket 26 is fixed to an output shaft of the second roll drive motor 25.
[0018]
A sprocket 27 is fixed to one end of the second shaft 6 of the second roll 3 at one end. A roller chain 28 extends between the sprocket 27 of the second shaft 6 and the sprocket 26 of the second roll drive motor 25. Therefore, the second roll 3 is driven to rotate by the second roll drive motor 25.
[0019]
A sprocket 31 is fixed to an output shaft of the third roll drive motor 30. A sprocket 32 is fixed to one end of the third shaft 7 of the third roll 4 at one end. A roller chain 33 extends between the sprocket 32 of the third shaft 7 and the sprocket 31 of the third roll drive motor 30. Therefore, the third roll 4 is driven to rotate by the third roll drive motor 30.
[0020]
A hopper 35 is disposed in front of the first roll 2, the second roll 3, and the third roll 4. The hopper 35 is disposed on the common gantry 9 and is open at the upper side to form a material inlet (see FIG. 3). Three side plates 36 are arranged in a pyramid shape without side plates in one direction among the side plates of the hopper 35. Therefore, the hopper 35 is capable of receiving raw materials such as asphalt and concrete (also referred to as crushed objects in the present invention) from the upper three directions.
[0021]
A bar feeder 40 is disposed below the hopper 35. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the bar feeder 40 is bridged over two endless chains 43 with a plate-shaped bar (or a bar) 39 with a gap therebetween. The small-diameter crushed object falls from this gap. That is, the bar feeder 40 is a type of a belt conveyor having a sieving function and transferring a conveyed object by an endless belt. It is a feeder. The bar feeder 40 includes a front and rear drive sprocket 41 and a driven sprocket 42 disposed at a lower position interlocked therewith via a chain, a shaft, and the like.
[0022]
The driving sprocket 41 is rotationally driven to be speed-controllable by a belt conveyor driving mechanism 42 including a chain, a motor, and an inverter for controlling the rotation of the motor. On the side plates 36 on both sides of the hopper 35, alignment projections 38 for contacting the raw material M as the object to be transferred and changing the posture of the object to be transferred are arranged on both sides of the side plate 36 alternately in the transfer direction. . As shown in FIG. 3, when the long raw material M mounted on the bar feeder 40 is mounted on the side plate 36, the raw material M may be transferred to the crushing unit in the same posture.
[0023]
The alignment protrusion 38 comes into contact with such a raw material M and positively changes the posture, so that the posture in the transport direction and the longitudinal direction of the raw material M are aligned like the raw material M ′. Even if the raw material M 'is transferred to the first crushing unit 15 in this posture, crushing becomes easy. Since the bar feeder 40 is a feeder with a sieving function, soil, silt, sand, gravel, and the like having a small particle diameter in the raw material fall and fall on the shooter 37 disposed below the bar hooder 40. The raw material having a small particle diameter that has fallen on the first shooter 37 slides on this, and falls on the ground.
[0024]
A second shooter 45 is disposed between the bar feeder 40 and the first crushing unit 15. The second shooter 45 is a shooter provided with a sieve (sieving) function including an upper bar 46 and a lower bar 47 arranged below the lower bar with a step. The second shooter 45 removes soil, silt, sand, gravel and the like having a small particle size by sieving.
[0025]
The upper bar 46 is a bar composed of a plurality of bars (or plates) arranged in parallel in a fork shape with a gap and supported by a support member 48. The gap between the bars is the eye of the sieve. The lower bar 47 has the same structure. A step is formed between the upper bar 46 and the lower bar 47. This step is to prevent the raw material from sliding on the upper bar 46 and then dropping onto the lower bar 47, thereby providing a sieving effect by this drop and preventing clogging and stagnation.
[0026]
A support member 48 that supports the upper bar 46 and the lower bar 47 is swingably provided on an upper swing shaft 49 disposed in the upper body 1. The support member 48 is swingably provided on a lower swing shaft 50 disposed on the lower body 1. When maintenance is required, such as when the crushing teeth of the first roll 2 and the third roll 4 are to be exchanged, the lower swing shaft 50 is pulled out of the machine body 1 to secure a work space.
[0027]
By pulling out the lower swing shaft 50, the lower part of the second shooter 45 becomes swingable, so that it is lifted to secure a work space and replace consumable parts and the like. When the raw material becomes clogged between the first roll 2 and the third roll 4 or when the steel wire is wound around and cannot be removed, the upper swing shaft 49 is pulled out. By pulling out the upper swing shaft 49, the upper part of the second shooter 45 becomes swingable, so that it is lowered to secure a work space and remove foreign matter and the like.
[0028]
Since the upper space is widened, foreign substances can be hooked and removed by a crane or the like, and there is an advantage that work can be easily performed. Of the raw materials sieved by the second shooter 45, those having a small particle diameter fall into the collection chamber 55. In the collection chamber 55, a switching plate 56 made of a plate material is arranged to switch the direction in which the raw material sieved by the second shooter 45 is carried out.
[0029]
The lower end of the switching plate 56 is swingably supported by a swing shaft 57. The swing shaft 57 is driven by driving a manual handle fixed to the swing shaft 57 or a handle fixed to the swing shaft 57 by a binder (not shown). When the raw material dropped from the second shooter 45 is separated from the raw material crushed by the crusher, one discharge port 59 of the collection chamber 55 is closed by the switching plate 56.
[0030]
When there is no need for separation, the other discharge port 58 of the collection chamber 55 is closed by the switching plate 56. The discharged raw material having a small particle diameter shoots on a discharge conveyor 60. As described above, if the first crushing portion 15 between the first roll 2 and the third roll 4 is roughly crushed, the second crushing portion between the second roll 3 and the third roll 4 can be obtained. Numeral 16 denotes shredding.
[0031]
Since the crushed object is opened below the crushing chamber 50, the crushed object falls from the discharge port 55 and is discharged. A discharge conveyor 60 is arranged below the common mount 9 and between the support legs 8. The discharge conveyor 60 is for discharging the object to be crushed that has fallen from the second shooter 45 and has been discharged from the discharge port 59 and the crushed material that has been crushed by the second crushing unit 16 and has been discharged from the discharge port 55 to the front.
[0032]
The discharge conveyor 60 is a belt conveyor that places and crushes objects to be crushed by a rubber endless belt 61, and includes a drive roller, a driven roller, a support roller, a motor that drives the drive roller, and the like in front and back. The structure and function of the discharge conveyor 60 are well known, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0033]
The raw material discharged from the discharge conveyor 60 is classified by particle size and material of the raw material crushed by a sieve (not shown) or the like. The material having a large particle size is conveyed to the supply conveyor 65 and transferred to the upper part of the body 1. A hopper 66 is disposed above the first roll 2 and the second roll 3. Raw materials selected according to particle size are supplied to the hopper 66 by the supply conveyor 65.
[0034]
In the hopper 66, a direction changing plate 67 is arranged. For this purpose, the raw material supplied to the hopper 66 is supplied between the first roll 2 and the second roll 3 in a fixed amount by adjusting the falling speed and the falling amount by the direction changing plate 67. However, since the gap between the first roll 2 and the second roll 3 is wide, it is not crushed during this time and passes through this gap. The raw material having passed through the gap enters a crushing space 16 between the second roll 3 and the third roll 4.
[0035]
Since the second crushing section 16 between the second roll 3 and the third roll 4 is fine crushing, the raw material is crushed once and the raw material is also finely crushed by crushing again in the second crushing section 16.
[0036]
[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing the second embodiment. In the above-described first embodiment, the first shooter 37 is disposed below the bar hood 40, and the small-particle-size raw material that has fallen on the first shooter 37 slides on the first shooter 37 and falls on the ground. FIG. 5 shows an arrangement in which a belt conveyor 70 is arranged below the bar feeder 40. The function and structure of the belt conveyor 70 are publicly known, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0037]
The small-particle-size raw material dropped from the bar feeder 40 falls on the belt conveyor 70 and is loaded thereon. The Bekoto conveyor 70 transports the dropped material to the collection chamber 55. In the collection chamber 55, a switching plate 71 is provided to be swingable manually or by a cylinder mechanism. When the switching valve 71 is opened, the raw material is discharged to the outlet 71. When the switching valve 71 is closed, the raw material is discharged to the outlet 73 and mixed with other raw materials.
[0038]
Further, the second shooter 74 of the second embodiment is a net-shaped shooter, which simultaneously slides and sieves the raw material for charging into the first crushing unit 15.
[0039]
[Other embodiments]
Although the second shooter 45 has different heights in the upper and lower stages, the second shooter 45 is not necessarily required to have two stages and may be configured in two or more stages. Further, the structure of the sieve is not limited to a bar sieve, and may be any type of mesh, hole structure, or the like. If there is a problem with the sieve function, a vibrating sieve may be used. In the first and second embodiments, the bar feeder 40 has a sieving function. However, the second shooter 45 is disposed between the bar feeder 40 and the first crushing unit 15 and has a sieving function. Therefore, it is not always necessary to arrange them.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
The three-axis roll crusher according to the present invention has an effect that a sieve function is provided for the shooter for charging the raw material into the crushing section, so that it is not necessary to sieve for charging the material to be crushed. In addition, since the shooter is swingably provided, maintenance and the like are easy. Further, since a feeder capable of changing the direction is provided so that the posture of the raw material can be easily crushed, clogging of the raw material at the time of charging is reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a three-axis roll crusher according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a crushing chamber.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing the second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Body 2 ... 1st roll 3 ... 2nd roll 4 ... 3rd roll 10 ... 1st crushing tooth 11 ... 2nd crushing tooth 12 ... 3rd crushing tooth 21 ... 1st roll drive motor 25 ... 2nd roll drive motor 30 third roll drive motor 40 bar feeder 38 first shooter 45 second shooter 50 crushing chamber

Claims (7)

The aircraft,
Three rolls provided on the body and provided with a plurality of crushing teeth on the outer periphery and rotatably supported with a drive shaft parallel to each other;
The three rolls include a first roll, a second roll and a third roll disposed below the first roll,
Of the three relationships between the rolls, two of a first crushing portion between the first roll and the third roll, and a second crushing portion between the second roll and the third roll In a three-axis roll crusher in which the crushed material is crushed,
A sieve function is provided for charging the object to be crushed into the first crushing part, and a shooter for sliding is arranged near the first crushing part ,
A collection chamber arranged at a lower position of the shooter to collect crushed materials sieved by the shooter,
A three-axis roll crusher, comprising: a switching plate for changing a discharge direction of the crushed material dropped into the repair chamber. The aircraft,
Three rolls provided on the body and provided with a plurality of crushing teeth on the outer periphery and rotatably supported with a drive shaft parallel to each other;
The three rolls include a first roll, a second roll and a third roll disposed below the first roll,
Of the three relationships between the rolls, two of a first crushing portion between the first roll and the third roll, and a second crushing portion between the second roll and the third roll In a three-axis roll crusher in which the crushed material is crushed,
A sieve function is provided for charging the object to be crushed into the first crushing part, and a shooter for sliding is arranged near the first crushing part ,
A three-axis roll crusher comprising two swing shafts provided on the body at both ends so as to be able to swing either one end of the shooter. The three-axis roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2 ,
3. The three-axis roll crusher according to claim 1, wherein the shooter includes a plurality of bars arranged in parallel. The three-axis roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2,
3. The three-axis roll crusher according to claim 1, wherein the shooter is provided with two or more steps vertically. The three-axis roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A three-axis roll crusher, wherein an endless belt of a belt conveyor that supplies the crushed material to the shooter has a sieving function. The three-axis roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A three-axis roll crusher, which is arranged on both sides of the feeder and comprises alignment projections for contacting the object to be crushed and changing the direction of the object to be crushed on the endless belt. The three-axis roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A three-axis roll crusher, comprising: a second hopper arranged near the second crushing section for introducing a material to be crushed into the second crushing section.

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