JP3597722B2 - Gas filter device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gas filter device for treating high-temperature exhaust gas containing dust generated in a waste incinerator, an incineration ash melting furnace, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when collecting exhaust gas including dust generated from a waste incinerator, an incineration ash melting furnace, or the like, an electric dust collector or a bag filter has been mainly used. However, in recent years, problems such as re-synthesis of dioxin have been pointed out in electric dust collectors, and bag filters have been frequently used. However, when using this bag filter, it is necessary to reduce its temperature to about 150 ° C. to 200 ° C. before introducing the exhaust gas into the bag filter due to the limited heat resistance.
[0003]
By the way, in recent years, a porous ceramic filter having heat resistance has been developed as a filter applicable to high-temperature gas, and has been put to practical use. This ceramic filter is solid and has a through hole of 10 to 20 μm, through which exhaust gas is passed to remove dust in the exhaust gas. It is possible to do.
[0004]
FIG. 5 shows a schematic structure of a typical dust collector using a ceramic filter (the same structure as a conventional bag filter). As shown in the figure, in the dust collector 50, a rod-shaped or plate-shaped ceramic filter 51 is vertically suspended on a partition wall 53 provided at an upper portion of a casing 52, and a gas inlet 54 is provided at a lower portion of the casing 52. A gas outlet 55 is provided at an upper portion of the casing 52. Further, a pulse tube 56 is provided to remove dust adhering to the outer surface of the ceramic filter 51 and the inside of the pores. Here, the length of the ceramic filter 51 is about 1 to 2 m, which is relatively easy to handle and maintain.
[0005]
In the dust collector 50 configured as described above, the exhaust gas is introduced into the casing 52 from the gas inlet 54, and the dust is removed by passing through the pores of the ceramic filter 51, reaches the top of the casing 52, and is cleaned. The gas is discharged from the gas outlet 55 as gas. When the exhaust gas passes through the ceramic filter 51, dust adheres to the outer surface and the pores of the ceramic filter 51 to cause clogging. Therefore, the pulse tube 56 for removing dust periodically removes air. The dust is caused to flow backward in the pores of the ceramic filter 51 while giving a pulse, and the dust is dropped to the bottom of the casing 52. The dust accumulated at the bottom of the casing 52 is discharged by a conveyor 57 disposed at the bottom.
[0006]
However, in the dust collector 50 having the structure shown in FIG. 5, since the ceramic filter has a length of about 1 to 2 m, the amount of exhaust gas per ceramic filter is small, and the dust collection efficiency is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of ceramic filters. On the other hand, due to the design and installation area of the dust collector, the size of one dust collector, in other words, its exhaust gas treatment capacity is limited, and when performing large-capacity exhaust gas treatment, the number of dust collectors must be reduced. It is necessary to increase. That is, it is necessary to install a plurality of dust collection bases in parallel and to stack them vertically in order to save the installation area. Further, with the installation of a plurality of such dust collectors, a plurality of dust carrying devices are required.
[0007]
In order to cope with such a problem, it is conceivable to increase the length of one ceramic filter to, for example, about 3 to 5 m so as to increase the exhaust gas treatment capacity per dust collector. In this case, handling and maintenance of the ceramic filter become difficult. In other words, since the filter is fixed at the upper end, the ceramic filter is fixed when the filters come into contact with each other due to the gas flow or vibration at the time of removal, the filter is damaged, the dust collector is overhauled, or the ceramic filter is replaced. In addition to the fact that the part is inside the casing, the ceramic filter must be lifted vertically upward by the length of the ceramic filter, and the necessary working space must be secured at the top of the device. is there.
[0008]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the applicant of the present invention has disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-330568 a method in which a cylindrical inner cylinder is provided inside an outer cylinder having a cylindrical body, and a wall surface of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are provided. A cylindrical ceramic filter is radially and multi-tiered and fixed on the wall of the filter, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the internal space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and discharged from the inner space of the inner cylinder through the inside of the ceramic filter. A gas filter device is proposed.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this proposed gas filter device, the exhaust gas introduced into the inner space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder has a high temperature, and the clean gas passing through the inner space of the inner cylinder via the ceramic filter also has a high temperature. Therefore, the inner cylinder needs to be made of a material having high heat resistance, and there is a problem that the cost is increased.
[0010]
Further, since the clean gas passing through the internal space of the inner cylinder is recovered at a high temperature, it is necessary to provide a heat recovery facility on the downstream side of the gas filter device, and the necessary space must be secured. However, there is a problem that the cost increases.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gas filter device which can be formed of an inexpensive structural material and can simultaneously perform heat recovery of a clean gas. It is assumed that.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems and Functions / Effects]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a gas filter device according to the first invention is
Cylindrical or polygonal tubular and an outer cylinder of the body part through hole in the wall of the chromatic shiso is bored, cylindrical or polygonal cylinder gas passage is formed in the wall surface thereof provided inside the outer cylinder in this A casing having an inner cylindrical shape,
It is inserted into the through-hole of the outer cylinder, one end is fixed by a biasing force pressing the wall of the outer cylinder from the outside , the opening is closed, and the other end is fixed to the wall of the inner cylinder. A cylindrical ceramic filter whose opening is open to the internal space of the inner cylinder,
A gas inlet for introducing exhaust gas into the internal space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder,
A gas outlet for deriving clean gas after dust removal from the internal space of the inner cylinder,
One or more boiler water pipes through which cooling water flows are provided along the inner wall of the inner cylinder.
[0013]
In the first invention, exhaust gas containing dust is introduced from a gas inlet into an internal space surrounded by an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, and passes through the pores of a cylindrical ceramic filter disposed in the internal space to form the ceramic. The dust passes through the inside of the filter, is filtered and becomes a clean gas, and is introduced into the inner cylinder through the opening of the ceramic filter. The clean gas introduced into the inner cylinder is cooled to a low temperature by cooling water flowing in a boiler water pipe provided along the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and is discharged to the outside from the gas outlet. Note that dust accumulated on the outer surface and in the pores of the ceramic filter is backwashed as necessary.
[0014]
According to the first invention, the cooling water in the boiler water pipe disposed along the inner wall of the inner cylinder recovers the heat of the clean gas and also recovers the heat of the inner cylinder itself. And the inner cylinder can be formed with an inexpensive structural material. Therefore, there is an effect that the cost can be reduced. In addition, since the clean gas in the inner cylinder can be discharged from the gas outlet at a low temperature with a simple configuration, it is not necessary to install a heat recovery facility conventionally required downstream of the gas outlet. In addition, there is an effect that a space limitation can be eliminated and the entire apparatus can be downsized. Further, the cost can be reduced accordingly.
[0015]
Next, the gas filter device according to the second invention is
A rectangular tubular barrel Yu perilla outer cylinder in which a through hole is drilled in the wall of, it is formed by two plates which are arranged substantially parallel to the two surfaces facing each other of the outer tube of this to the wall surface A casing having an inner cylinder provided with a gas passage ,
The one end is inserted into the through hole of the outer cylinder, one end is fixed to the wall surface of the outer cylinder and the opening thereof is closed, and the other end is fixed by a biasing force that presses against the wall surface of the inner cylinder from the outside. A cylindrical ceramic filter whose opening is open to the internal space of the inner cylinder,
A gas inlet for introducing exhaust gas into the internal space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder,
A gas outlet for deriving clean gas after dust removal from the internal space of the inner cylinder,
One or more boiler water pipes through which cooling water flows are provided along the inner wall of the inner cylinder.
[0016]
In the second invention, similarly to the first invention, the exhaust gas containing dust is introduced from the gas inlet into the internal space surrounded by the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the cylindrical ceramic filter disposed in the internal space. The dust passes through the inside of the ceramic filter through the pores, and is filtered and becomes a clean gas, and is introduced into the inner cylinder through the opening of the ceramic filter. The clean gas introduced into the inner cylinder is cooled to a low temperature by cooling water flowing in a boiler water pipe provided along the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and is discharged to the outside from the gas outlet. Thus, the same effect as the first invention can be obtained.
[0017]
In each of the above aspects, it is preferable that the boiler water pipe is disposed so as to be at least partially embedded between openings of a gas passage formed in the inner cylinder. By doing so, the temperature of the clean gas can be reduced more reliably, and heat recovery of the inner cylinder can be performed.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, specific embodiments of the gas filter device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
FIG. 1 shows a horizontal sectional view (a), an outer shape (left half) and a vertical sectional view (right half) (b) of a gas filter device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2A shows a partially enlarged view (a) and FIG. 1B shows a partially enlarged view (P section enlarged view) (b).
[0020]
The gas filter device 1 of the present embodiment includes a casing 4 having an outer cylinder 2 having a cylindrical body and a cylindrical inner cylinder 3 provided concentrically inside the outer cylinder 2. The casing 4 is provided with a lid 5 at an upper portion and an annular hopper 6 having an inverted triangular cross section at a lower portion to define an internal space surrounded by the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3. A gas inlet 7 for introducing exhaust gas is formed in a part of the lid 5. Similarly, in order to define an internal space of the inner cylinder 3, a lid 8 is provided at a lower portion, and a gas outlet 9 for leading a clean gas is provided at an upper portion. Although not shown in the figure, a conveyor (for example, a screw conveyor) for carrying out dust is disposed below the annular hopper 6.
[0021]
A plurality of cylindrical (or square) ceramic filters 10 are arranged between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3. These ceramic filters 10 are arranged radially in the horizontal direction about the center axis of the inner cylinder 3 and in multiple stages in the vertical direction. In the case of the present embodiment, 18 ceramic filters 10 are arranged in 25 rows in the vertical direction, and a total of 450 ceramic filters 10 are stored.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ceramic filter 10 has one end (outer end) whose opening is closed by a plug 11 and only the other end (inner end) is opened. I have. In the fixing portion of the ceramic filter 10, a through hole 12 is formed in the wall surface of the outer cylinder 2, and a gas passage 13 having substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the ceramic filter 10 is formed in the wall surface of the inner cylinder 3. The outer end of the gas passage 13 has a slightly larger diameter, and the other end of the ceramic filter 10 is fitted and fixed to the larger diameter.
[0023]
Four stud bolts 14 are erected on the outer surface of the outer cylinder 2 at positions surrounding the through holes 12, and a plate-like body 15 is fixed to a tip end of the stud bolts 14 with a nut 16. A first compression coil spring 17 is stretched between the inner surface of the plate-like body 15 and the distal end of the plug 11, and the first compression coil spring 17 causes the ceramic filter 10 to pass through the plug 11. Is pressed against the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 3. In order to seal a gap formed between the ceramic filter 10 and the through hole 12, a sealing material 18 is packed in the gap from the outside, and the sealing material 18 is used to seal the second compression coil spring 19. The urging force causes the ceramic filter 10 to be pressed through the annular body 20 fitted on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
[0024]
When assembling the ceramic filter 10, the plug 11, the plate 15, the compression coil springs 17 and 19, and the annular body 20 are attached to one end of the ceramic filter 10, and the other end of the ceramic filter 10 is attached. The part is inserted into the through hole 12 of the outer cylinder 2, and a sealing member 18 is packed in a required part, and the other end of the ceramic filter 10 is pressed against the large diameter part of the gas passage 13 of the inner cylinder 3. Thereafter, the compression coil springs 17 and 19 are compressed, and the plate 15 is fixed to the stud bolt 14 with the nut 16. On the other hand, when removing the ceramic filter 10 for replacement, the nut 16 is loosened and the ceramic filter 10 is pulled out together with the plug 11, the plate-like body 15, the compression coil springs 17, 19 and the annular body 20 outward. Become.
[0025]
In this embodiment, pulse tubes 21 are provided in the inner space of the inner cylinder 3 so as to face the gas passages 13, and air for backwashing is supplied from the pulse tubes 21 to the individual ceramic filters 10. It has become. Thus, the dust adhering to the outer surface and the pores of the ceramic filter 10 is regularly backwashed. A plurality of boiler water pipes 22 are provided between the pulse pipes 21 and 21 arranged in the inner space of the inner cylinder 3, in other words, between the gas passages 13 and 13 and partially embedded in the inner wall of the inner cylinder 3. The cooling water flows through the boiler water pipe 22.
[0026]
In the gas filter device 1 configured as described above, when exhaust gas containing dust is introduced from the gas inlet 7 into the internal space surrounded by the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3, the exhaust gas passes through each ceramic filter. The dust enters the interior of the ceramic filter 10 through the pores 10 and is filtered to become a clean gas. The dust passes through the gas passage 13 from the inner end, which is the open end of the ceramic filter 10, and passes through the gas passage 13. Introduced into the interior space. Although the clean gas introduced into the inner cylinder 3 has a high temperature, the cooling water flowing in the boiler water pipe 22 recovers its heat, and the cooling water becomes hot water or steam, thereby lowering the temperature of the clean gas. This clean gas is discharged from the inside of the inner cylinder 3 through the gas outlet 9 to the outside of the system.
[0027]
Further, dust in the exhaust gas is accumulated on the outer surface and the pores of the ceramic filter 10 and is backwashed by air periodically sent from the pulse tube 21. The dust generated by the backwashing is collected in an annular hopper 6 disposed below the inner space between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 and is discharged out of the system by a dust carrying conveyor.
[0028]
According to the gas filter device 1 of the present embodiment, since the cooling water in the boiler water pipe 22 arranged along the inner wall of the inner cylinder 3 recovers the heat of the inner cylinder 3 itself, a high heat-resistant material is used for the inner cylinder 3. There is no need to use it, and the inner cylinder 3 can be formed with an inexpensive structural material. Therefore, there is an effect that the cost can be reduced.
[0029]
Further, according to the present embodiment, the clean gas in the inner cylinder 3 can be discharged from the gas outlet 9 to the outside of the system at a low temperature with a simple configuration in which the boiler water pipe 22 is installed in the gas filter device 1. Therefore, there is no need to install heat recovery equipment conventionally required on the downstream side of the gas outlet 9, so that there is an effect that space restrictions can be eliminated and the entire apparatus can be reduced in size. In addition, there is an effect that the cost can be reduced accordingly.
[0030]
In this embodiment, the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 are formed in a cylindrical shape. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer cylinder 2 'and the inner cylinder 3' may be formed in a square cylinder. good. In this case, the ceramic filters 10 are arranged horizontally and in parallel on opposing surfaces of the outer cylinder 2 'and the inner cylinder 3', and are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction. A boiler water pipe 22 is provided between the ceramic filters 10 so that a part of the boiler water pipe 22 is embedded in the inner wall of the inner cylinder 3 ′. Since there is basically no difference from the above-described embodiment in the configuration, operation, and the like, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the cross-sectional shapes of the outer cylinder 2 'and the inner cylinder 3' are square, but the cross-sectional shape may be rectangular. Further, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are not limited to square cylinders, and may be other polygonal cylinders.
[0031]
FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the outer cylinder 2 "is formed as a square cylinder, and the inner cylinder 3" is formed of two flat plates so as to penetrate two opposite surfaces of the outer cylinder 3 ". Numeral 10 is installed horizontally and in multiple stages on opposing surfaces of the outer cylinder 2 "and the inner cylinder 3". In addition, a part is embedded in the inner wall of the inner cylinder 3 "between the ceramic filters 10, 10. A boiler water pipe 22 is provided so as to be connected to the boiler. There is no difference in the configuration, operation, and the like other than those of the above-described embodiments. In the case of this embodiment, in order to increase the amount of exhaust gas to be treated per unit of the gas filter device, the number of stages of the ceramic filter 10 may be increased to increase the height, or the number of rows may be increased. You may do it.
[0032]
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the boiler water pipe 22 is installed so as to be partially embedded in the inner wall of the inner cylinder 3 (3 ′, 3 ″). , 3 ″) may be arranged so as to be in contact with the inner wall.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a gas filter device according to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a horizontal sectional view, and (b) is an outer shape and a vertical sectional view.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are partially enlarged views of FIGS. 1A and 1B, respectively.
FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of a gas filter device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of a gas filter device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional dust collector.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gas filter device 2, 2 ', 2 "Outer cylinder 3, 3', 3" Inner cylinder 4 Casing 5 Lid 6 Annular hopper 7 Gas inlet 8 Lid 9 Gas outlet 10 Ceramic filter 11 Plug 12 Through hole 13 gas passage 14 stud bolt 15 plate 16 nut 17 (first) compression coil spring 18 sealing material 19 (second) compression coil spring 20 annular body 21 pulse tube 22 boiler water tube

Claims (3)

Cylindrical or polygonal tubular and an outer cylinder of the body part through hole in the wall of the chromatic shiso is bored, cylindrical or polygonal cylinder gas passage is formed in the wall surface thereof provided inside the outer cylinder in this A casing having an inner cylindrical shape,
It is inserted into the through-hole of the outer cylinder, one end is fixed by a biasing force pressing the wall of the outer cylinder from the outside , the opening is closed, and the other end is fixed to the wall of the inner cylinder. A cylindrical ceramic filter whose opening is open to the internal space of the inner cylinder,
A gas inlet for introducing exhaust gas into the internal space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder,
A gas outlet for deriving clean gas after dust removal from the internal space of the inner cylinder,
A gas filter device, wherein one or a plurality of boiler water tubes through which cooling water flows are provided along the inner wall of the inner cylinder. A rectangular tubular barrel Yu perilla outer cylinder in which a through hole is drilled in the wall of, it is formed by two plates which are arranged substantially parallel to the two surfaces facing each other of the outer tube of this to the wall surface A casing having an inner cylinder provided with a gas passage ,
The one end is inserted into the through hole of the outer cylinder, one end is fixed to the wall surface of the outer cylinder and the opening thereof is closed, and the other end is fixed by a biasing force that presses against the wall surface of the inner cylinder from the outside. A cylindrical ceramic filter whose opening is open to the internal space of the inner cylinder,
A gas inlet for introducing exhaust gas into the internal space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder,
A gas outlet for deriving clean gas after dust removal from the internal space of the inner cylinder,
A gas filter device, wherein one or a plurality of boiler water tubes through which cooling water flows are provided along the inner wall of the inner cylinder. The gas filter device according to claim 1, wherein the boiler water pipe is disposed so as to be at least partially embedded between openings of a gas passage formed in the inner cylinder.

Images