JP3598557B2 - Rotary transmission in tiller - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a rotary transmission in a cultivator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a cultivator having a forward and reverse dual cultivation rotary, in which a cultivating shaft is constituted by an inner shaft and a cylindrical outer shaft which covers the cultivating shaft, is disclosed in JP-A-6-165604. And Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-197602, etc., and have been widely used as small cultivators for management. However, the rotary transmission means for tilling in this conventional cultivator has a structure in which both shafts are always reversed. For example, in the technical means for reversing the rotation, means for rotating both shafts in the same direction is used. Even if provided, this switching is merely an artificial switching.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned prior art, in order to tilling with the forward rotation claw and the reverse rotation claw, at the time when the initial large load occurs when the tilling claw abuts the ground of the field at the start of the tilling operation and deeply dive, Since the driving reaction forces work in opposite directions, the work starts in a smooth state, but once the work is started and progresses, in the forward tilling state and the reverse tilling state, the fine soil state of the topsoil on the tilled ground However, there is a problem in that the reverse tilling side becomes finer topsoil of the soil and a streak-like difference is generated, so that a growth cultivation easily occurs during plant cultivation.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention obtains a cultivator capable of slashing the soil by preventing all the tilling claws from rotating in the forward direction, while preventing dashing in which the working machine suddenly jumps out when starting work in a hard field. For this purpose , the following technical measures were taken. That is, the tilling rotary shaft is formed into a double shaft structure by the inner shaft 36 and the cylindrical outer shafts 40a and 40b inserted through the inner shaft 36, and the inner shaft 36 and the outer shafts 40a and 40b are respectively formed. In a cultivator equipped with a tilling claw 45, a forward rotation power transmission for rotating both shafts 40a, 40b, 36 together in the same rotation direction into a tilling transmission case 5 supporting an inner shaft 36 and outer shafts 40a, 40b. And a reverse power transmission system for rotating only the inner shaft 36 in the reverse direction with respect to the outer shafts 40a and 40b, and further, an automatic switching clutch for selectively switching between the forward power transmission system and the reverse power transmission system. A mechanism 19 is provided, and this automatic switching clutch mechanism 19 is configured to switch from the forward rotation power transmission system to the reverse rotation power transmission system when the tilling load by the tilling claw 45 mounted on the inner shaft 36 increases. Characteristic cultivator And a rotary transmission.
[0005]
【Example】
An example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The outline of the cultivator will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes an engine base, which is fixed to the front side of a traveling transmission case 2 and on which the engine 3 is mounted. Then, a belt is wound around a pulley attached to an input shaft protruding from the pulley attached to the output shaft of the engine 3 to the upper side surface of the traveling transmission case 2 and driven. Reference numeral 4 denotes a belt cover. On the upper side of the traveling transmission case 2, there is integrally formed an attachment frame 2a for mounting the upper side of the tilling transmission case 5. The tilling transmission case 5 is made of an iron plate in the embodiment in order to make the left and right width as narrow as possible.
[0006]
6 is a fuel tank. Reference numeral 7 denotes a control handle, 8 denotes a control panel frame, and 9 denotes a change lever. A chain case 10 is wound between a sprocket 11 attached to a drive shaft protruding laterally on the traveling transmission case 2 side and a sprocket 12 attached to an input shaft 14 on the tilling transmission case 5 side. The chain 13 is covered. Next, the transmission mechanism in the tilling transmission case 5 will be described.
[0007]
An input shaft 14 is driven from the engine side. Reference numeral 15 denotes a first counter shaft, which is configured as a spline shaft and driven by gears 16 and 17 from the input shaft 14 side. A driving sprocket 18 is attached to the first counter shaft 15. Reference numeral 19 denotes an automatic switching clutch mechanism, which is configured to automatically switch output between an inner shaft portion and an outer shaft portion by a transmission load. A specific example will be described later. The second counter shaft 20 driven via the automatic switching clutch mechanism 19 projects to the left and right sides, and is rotatably supported by bearings on the case 5 side.
[0008]
Reference numerals 21a and 21b denote gears fixed to the left and right sides of the second counter shaft 20. An example of the automatic switching clutch mechanism 19 will be described with reference to FIG. 3. A pin 22 is mounted on the second counter shaft 20, and a cam groove 23 through which the pin 22 penetrates is formed on a cylinder shaft 24 obliquely with respect to the axial direction. A switching multi-plate clutch body 27a, 27b is mounted on the cylindrical shaft 24 via a thrust bearing 26. A sprocket 28 is attached to the switching multiple disc clutch body 27a side, and a gear 29 is attached to the other switching multiple disc clutch body 27b side. A plurality of pins 30 are interposed between the clutch body 27a and the clutch 27b, and the two clutch bodies 27a and 27b move in the left-right direction via these pins 30 . Then, both the clutch bodies 27a and 27b are pressed together from the clutch body 27b side to the cylinder shaft 24 side by the spring 31 and attached to the inner peripheral surface of the clutch case 32 integrally attached to the second counter shaft 20 side. A clutch board 34 attached to the outer periphery of the switching multi-board clutch bodies 27a and 27b comes into contact with and separates from the clutch board 33, and the clutch is engaged and disengaged. Then, when the tilling operation is started by landing the tilling claw 45 on the inner shaft 36 and the outer shafts 40a and 40b rotating in the normal rotation state, especially when the field is hard, the tilling load is increased, so that the tilling load is increased. As a result, the cylinder shaft 24 and the clutch bodies 27a and 27b move leftward in the drawing of FIG. 3 , and only the clutch 27a is turned on, and the sprocket 28 is rotated. That is, when the tillage load increases, the cylinder shaft 24 moves to the left by the pin 22 fixed to the second counter shaft 20 and the cam groove 23 formed on the cylinder shaft 24, and the clutch body 27a is engaged. The sprocket 28 is rotated.
Conversely, when the tilling load is lowered, more cylindrical shaft 24 and the clutch member 27a to the spring 31, 27b is moved into the plane in the right direction in FIG. 3 only the clutch 27b side is "ON", and the gear 29 Rotated. In this manner, the clutch body 27a and the clutch body 27b are automatically switched and operated according to the magnitude of the tillage load immediately after the start of the tillage .
[0009]
Reference numeral 35 denotes a chain wound between the sprocket 18 and the sprocket 25. Reference numeral 36 denotes an inner shaft, which is rotatably supported by projecting from the lower end side of the tilling transmission case 5 to the left and right sides. The inner shaft 36 is transmitted by the chain 37 from the sprocket 28 side of the automatic switching clutch 19 side. A sprocket 38 and a gear 39 meshing with the gear 29 are attached.
[0010]
Reference numerals 40a and 40b denote outer shafts, which are on the left and right sides of the inner shaft 36 and have a cylindrical shaft shape inserted around the inner shaft. In the embodiment, the gears 41a and 41b mesh with the gears 21a and 21b. The boss 41b and the boss 41b are driven by a pin 42 and a projection 43 engaged with the pin 42. The outer shafts 40a and 40b are supported by a metal 44 fixed to the tilling transmission case 5 in a C-shape that opens outward when viewed from the rear.
[0011]
Reference numeral 45 denotes a tilling claw, which is attached to the inner shaft 36 and the outer shafts 40a and 40b. The inner shaft 36 is attached via a cover shaft 46 which is inserted therethrough and rotates integrally, and an extension shaft 48 which is fixed by bolts 47. 49 indicates a tillage cover. The operation of the above example will be described.
[0012]
Each part is driven by the engine 3 to start tilling work. At the beginning of the work, before each tilling claw 45 intervenes into the soil of the field, since no load is applied to the tilling claw 45, the automatic switching clutch mechanism 19 includes the clutch disc 34 and the clutch cable 34 of the clutch body 27b. The clutch disc 27 of the gear 32 is pressed against the clutch disc 33 and the clutch body 27b is rotated. Therefore, the gear 29 and the gear 39 are engaged with each other for transmission, and the inner shaft 36 is rotated forward. On the other hand, since the outer shafts 40a, 40b are always receiving normal rotation by the engagement of the gears 21a, 21b and the gears 41a, 41b from the shaft 20, the tilling claw 45 attached to the inner shaft 36 and the outer shafts 40a, 40b. Are both rotated forward.
[0013]
Next, when the tilling claw 45 tries to dive into the soil in a hard field, a large load is applied at a moment when the tilling claw 45 lands , so that the cylinder shaft 24 of the automatic switching clutch mechanism 19 resists the spring 31. As a result, the transmission on the clutch body 27b side is "disengaged", and the clutch board 34 of the clutch body 27a and the clutch board 33 of the clutch case 32 are pressed against each other and the clutch body 27a rotates. become. Accordingly, the sprocket 38 is engaged from the sprocket 28 side via the chain 37, and the inner shaft 36 is switched from normal rotation to reverse rotation, and the tilling claw 45 attached to the inner shaft 36 is attached to the outer shafts 40a, 40b. It will be inverted with the tillage claw 45 that was provided.
[0014]
Therefore, in the case where the initial tilling claw 45 for tilling the hard topsoil field is immersed in the soil, the tilling work is performed by the forward-rotating tilling claw 45 and the reverse-rotating tilling claw 45, Since the tilling claw 45 starts tilling in a state in which the driving reaction force by the tilling claw 45 is canceled, a smooth operation is started. Then, once the work is started to be in a stable state, the tilling load applied to the reversing tilling claw 45 becomes smaller than that at the start of the work, and therefore, the automatic switching clutch mechanism 19 that has been switched to the reverse rotation returns to the original state. , And all the tilling claws 45 are driven forward.
[0015]
As described above, only two types of tilling work, normal rotation and reverse rotation, are performed when a large load is applied to the tilling claw 45. In the initial state of tilling, a smooth operation without giving a sudden driving reaction force to the steering handle side. After the start, all the tilling claws 45 rotate in the normal forward direction to perform an ideal tilling operation.
FIG. 6 illustrates another mechanism for preventing dashing for reference, and does not include the automatic switching clutch mechanism as described above. The feature of this reference example is that the tilling claw 45 that rotates reversely is rotated slowly with respect to the tilling claw 45 that rotates forward. For this reason , a pair of bevel gears 50 and 51 rotate a drive shaft 52 for transmitting the tillage device, and the left and right ends of the drive shaft 52 are rotated in opposite directions by a pair of bevel gears 53 and 54. And the inner shaft 58 attached so that the tilling claw 45 is driven to rotate through the bevel gears 56 and 57 from the one longitudinal axis 55, while the small bevel gear is moved from the left and right longitudinal axes 55. The outer shafts 61a and 61b are configured to rotate in the opposite direction to the inner shaft 58 and rotate at a low speed via the 59 and the large bevel gear 60, and the tilling claw 45 driven by the outer shafts 61a and 61b is provided. .
[0016]
Therefore, according to the power transmission configuration of FIG. 6 , since the rotation speed of the tilling claw 45 that rotates in reverse is lower than that of the tilling claw 45 by the normal rotation as the normal tilling operation, the rapid advance of the tilling operation, that is, In addition to preventing dushing, which is a genus of the genus, the crushed soil by the reverse rotation rotor is superior to the forward rotation rotor in work, and becomes fine soil in the tilled state by the reverse rotation rotor. It is possible to prevent the difference from the side from becoming too clear, and it is possible to expect a tilling operation near a uniform state as a whole, and to reduce a tilling load due to reversal.
[0017]
Function and effect of the present invention
According to the present invention, in a hard field, immediately after the start of the tilling operation , at the moment when the tilling claw comes into contact with the ground of the field and a large tilling load is generated, the inner shaft 36 and the outer shaft 40a which have been rotating in the normal rotation state until then. , 40b, the cultivating claw 45 on the inner shaft 36 rotates in the reverse direction, so that abrupt advance of the machine body is prevented, and dangerous dushing can be prevented. Then, when the tilling claw 45 enters the ground and the tilling load is reduced, rotation in only the normal rotation direction is automatically given to the tilling claw, and the entire tilling width is almost uniformly and well tilled .
[Brief description of the drawings]
Figure 1 is a side view Figure 2 tilling unit back cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 is a plan view of a mechanical view of a main part 4 shows essential parts FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part 6 of Reference Example Principal part transmission mechanism diagram [Description of reference numerals]
19 Automatic switching clutch mechanism 36 Inner shaft 40a Outer shaft 40b Outer shaft

Claims (1)

The tilling rotary shaft has a double shaft structure formed by an inner shaft 36 and cylindrical outer shafts 40a and 40b inserted through the inner shaft 36. The cultivating claws are formed on the inner shaft 36 and the outer shafts 40a and 40b, respectively. In a cultivator equipped with the rotator 45, a forward power transmission system for rotating both the shafts 40a, 40b, 36 in the same rotation direction in a tilling transmission case 5 supporting the inner shaft 36 and the outer shafts 40a, 40b. A reverse power transmission system for rotating only the inner shaft 36 in the reverse direction with respect to the outer shafts 40a and 40b, and an automatic switching clutch mechanism 19 for selectively switching between the forward power transmission system and the reverse power transmission system. The automatic switching clutch mechanism 19 is configured to switch from the forward rotation power transmission system to the reverse rotation power transmission system when the tilling load by the tilling claw 45 mounted on the inner shaft 36 becomes large. In a rotating tiller Li transmission.

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