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JP3602702B2 - Manufacturing method of magnetic shielding material for oxide superconductor - Google Patents
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JP3602702B2 - Manufacturing method of magnetic shielding material for oxide superconductor - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of magnetic shielding material for oxide superconductor Download PDF

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JP3602702B2
JP3602702B2 JP29303097A JP29303097A JP3602702B2 JP 3602702 B2 JP3602702 B2 JP 3602702B2 JP 29303097 A JP29303097 A JP 29303097A JP 29303097 A JP29303097 A JP 29303097A JP 3602702 B2 JP3602702 B2 JP 3602702B2
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heat treatment
oxide superconductor
magnetic
magnetic shielding
film
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JPH11126927A (en
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正大 小嶋
忠彦 関川
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Dowa Holdings Co Ltd
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Dowa Holdings Co Ltd
Dowa Mining Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この出願の発明は、酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法に関するものである。さらに詳しくは、この出願の発明は、磁気共鳴断層撮影装置(MRI)、リニアモーターカー、超電導マグネット等の磁場を発生する機器、設備等において有用な酸化物超電導磁気シールド材を実現可能とする酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術とその課題】
従来、磁気シールド材として例えばパーマロイ、フェライトのような透磁率の高い強磁性材料を用いることは公知であるが、これらのシールド材は磁力による強い引力を発生するので、これを防ぐために全体の構造を強固かつ大がかりなものにしなければならないという問題があった。さらにこれらのシールド材では、100〜1000Gのような強い磁場をシールドするには、材料を積層して厚さを厚くする必要があり、その結果、全体重量がかなり重くなるという問題があった。
【0003】
一方、酸化物超電導材料を用いた磁気シールド材が検討されている。酸化物超電導材料はそれ自体が反磁性(マイスナー効果)を示す物質であるため、単独で磁気シールド材として用いることができるが、外部磁場強度がHc1(下部臨界磁場)以上になると、磁場は量子化した量子磁束となって酸化物超電導体中に侵入し、通過してしまう。したがって、数百Gの磁場中では磁気シールド材として使用することができない。臨界電流密度が十分高ければ、侵入しようとする磁束にうち勝ってシールド効果が得られるのだが、焼結法で作製されたYBaCuO系超電導体では約200A/cm 、BiPbSrCaCuO系超電導体では約1000A/cm (77K、0G)程度の臨界電流密度しか得られない酸化物超電導体では、100〜1000Gのような強い磁場をシールドすることは非常に難しい。
【0004】
溶融法で作製されるYBaCuO系超電導体では約数万A/cm の臨界電流密度が得られ、実際、100〜1000Gのような強い磁場を磁気シールド可能なことが確認されている。しかしながら、溶融法で得られる試料は実用化の際に最も重要である大型化において問題があり、最大でも30mm×30mmのサイズが限界であり、また、製造コストが焼結法に比べ極めて高いという問題がある。
【0005】
そこで、この出願の発明は、以上のような従来技術の問題点を解消し、酸化物超電導体の臨界電流密度を大きく向上させ、100〜1000Gの磁場に対しても磁気シールド効果を持ち、軽量化並びにコンパクト化も可能な、実用性に優れた酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材を実現可能とする酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法提供することを課題としている。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この出願の発明は、上記の課題を解決するために、Bi2 Sr2 Ca2 Cu3xもしくはBi2 PbSr2 Ca2 Cu3 xまたはその両方の系の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材を製造するにあたり、最終焼結工程の終了後に、810〜830℃の温度で熱処理し、熱処理前に結晶粒界に存在していた膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相を消滅させ、粒径1.0μm以下のCuO、Cu2 OおよびCa2 PbO4 のうちの少なくとも1種以上を粒界に析出させることを特徴とする酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法を提供する(請求項1)。
【0007】
また、この出願の発明は、Bi2 Sr2 Ca2 Cu3xもしくはBi2 PbSr2 Ca2 Cu3 xまたはその両方の系の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材を製造するにあたり、最終焼結工程での焼結温度保持工程が終了して炉内温度を下げる途中において、810〜830℃の温度で熱処理し、熱処理前に結晶粒界に存在していた膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相を消滅させ、粒径1.0μm以下のCuO、Cu2 OおよびCa2 PbO4 のうちの少なくとも1種以上を粒界に析出させることを特徴とする酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法を提供する(請求項2)。
【0008】
さらに、この出願の発明は、請求項1または2に係る発明に関し、熱処理は2〜50時間行うことを提供する(請求項3)。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
この出願の発明の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材が対象とする酸化物超電導体は、いわゆるBi系2223相(高Tc相)と呼ばれているものであり、標準的には、
Bi Sr Ca Cu系もしくはBi PbSr Ca Cu系またはその両者の混合系である。磁気シールド材として好ましい組成は、
Bi:1.75〜1.95
Pb:0.20〜0.50
Sr:1.85〜2.15
Ca:1.90〜2.25
Cu:2.90〜3.15
の範囲である。
【0010】
この出願の発明の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法では、Bi SrCa CuもしくはBiPbSr Ca Cuまたはその両方の系の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材を製造するにあたり、最終焼結工程の終了後に、810〜830℃の温度で熱処理するか、または最終焼結工程での焼結温度保持工程が終了して炉内温度を下げる途中において810〜830℃の温度で熱処理する。
【0011】
いずれの熱処理も2〜50時間行うのが好ましい。
以上の熱処理により臨界電流密度が熱処理前に比べ、たとえば3〜4倍に改善され、その結果、100〜1000Gの磁場中での磁気シールドに適した超電導磁気シールド材となる。温度が810℃未満および830℃を超えると、臨界電流密度が未処理のものに比べて低くなってしまう。また、時間が2時間未満および50時間を超えても同様の結果となる。
【0012】
超電導体の臨界電流密度が熱処理前に比べてたとえば3〜4倍に改善されるのは、結晶粒どうしが接触する界面(粒界)における電気的な結合状態が改善された結果である。
すなわち、熱処理前の結晶粒界には、主にBi、Pb、Sr、Ca、Cu、Oの組成で構成された膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相が部分的に形成している。この非超電導相によって電流の流れる実質的な面積が減少し、輸送電流が大幅に制限される。図1は、上記のことを模式的に示した概要図であり、実際には、後述するように、図10〜13によって確認される。
【0013】
上記熱処理を施すと、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相が固相反応的な結晶変態を起こして安定な超電導相へ変化し、その際過剰となった成分がCuO、Cu O、Ca PbO となって粒界に析出する。図2は、これを模式的に示した概要図である。そのような過剰成分の局所的析出は電気的な結合状態を阻害しない。実際には、後述するように、図14〜17によって明瞭に確認される。
前述の輸送電流の障害となる膜状物質がなるため、電流の流れる実質的な面積が増大し、臨界電流密度の大幅な向上につながる。
【0014】
以上のこの出願の発明の超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法は、また、溶融法に比べ、製造コスト、製品の安定性において大きな利点がある。溶融法では困難を極めている大型化についても合成粉を圧粉して焼成するだけの方法なので、大型化は可能である。
【0015】
以下、実施例を示し、さらに詳しくこの出願の発明の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法について説明する。
【0016】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
Bi1.85Pb0.35Sr1.90Ca2.05Cu3.05(Bi2223相)の酸化物超電導合成粉(粒径はメディアン径で2〜3μm)を直径20mmφの金型に充填し、一軸プレス機を用いて全圧6tonで成形した。成形体の厚さは1mmとした。この成形体を電気炉により850℃、50時間焼成した。この後、冷間静水圧プレス(CIP:Cold Isostatic Press) 装置を用いて3ton/cm の圧力で中間圧縮を行った。
【0017】
再度、電気炉により850℃、50時間焼成した。この後、CIP装置を用いて3ton/cm の圧力で二度目の中間圧縮を行った。最後に電気炉により850℃、50時間焼成した。こうして得られた酸化物超電導体を、800℃〜840℃、2〜60時間の様々な条件で熱処理を行い、臨界電流密度の測定結果を表1に、また、820℃での熱処理による臨界電流密度の測定結果を図3に示した。
【0018】
【表1】

Figure 0003602702
【0019】
臨界電流密度の測定は、直流4端子法を用い、77K、外部磁場0Gで行った。最も良好な条件は820℃、16時間の6400A/cm であり、未処理の標準品が1500A/cm であるので、約4倍以上の臨界電流密度の改善が確認される。また、表1より、810〜830℃の温度範囲で2〜48時間の熱処理を行うと、未処理の標準品の1500A/cm よりも高い値が得られることがわかる。
【0020】
(実施例2)
Bi1.85Pb0.35Sr1.90Ca2.05Cu3.05(Bi2213相)の酸化物超電導合成粉(粒径はメディアン径で2〜3μm)を直径60mmφの金型に充填し、一軸プレス機を用いて全圧10tonで成形した。成形体の厚さは1mmとした。この成形体を電気炉により850℃、50時間焼成した。この後、冷間静水圧プレス(CIP:Cold Isostatic Press) 装置を用いて3ton/cm の圧力で中間圧縮を行った。
【0021】
再度、電気炉により850℃、50時間焼成した。この後、CIP装置を用いて3ton/cm の圧力で二度目の中間圧縮を行った。最後に電気炉により850℃、50時間焼成した。こうして得られた超電導体を板状(40mm×40mm)に切断した。 Low Jc sampleは未処理の標準品で、Jcは1500A/cm である。High Jc sampleは820℃、16時間の熱処理を行ったものであり、Jcは6400A/cm である。
【0022】
以上2種類の試料の磁気シールド効果を測定した結果を図4および図5に示した。
外部磁場は試料表面に垂直方向にかけている。磁場の検出にはホール素子を用い、試料表面を横断させるように走査した。
図4および図5の対比から明らかなように、 Low Jc sampleはJcが低いため、侵入しようとする磁束にうち勝つことができず、20Gで早くも磁場の侵入が認められる。一方、High Jc sampleでは50Gをかけても、ほぼ理想的な磁気シールド効果を示し、その差は歴然としている。
【0023】
(実施例3)
Bi1.85Pb0.35Sr1.90Ca2.05Cu3.05(Bi2213相)の酸化物超電導合成粉(粒径はメディアン径で2〜3μm)を直径35mmφの金型に充填し、一軸プレス機を用いて全圧10tonで成形した。この時、充填量を変えて様々な厚さの成形体を作製した。成形体を電気炉により850℃、50時間焼成した。この後、冷間静水圧プレス(CIP:Cold Isostatic Press) 装置を用いて3ton/cm の圧力で中間圧縮を行った。
【0024】
再度、電気炉を用いて850℃、50時間焼成を行った。この後、CIP装置を用いて3ton/cm の圧力で二度目の中間圧縮を行った。最後に電気炉により850℃、50時間焼成した。
こうして得られた酸化物超電導体を板状(23mm×23mm)に切断した。厚さは1.00mm、1.87mm、2.75mm、4.40mmの4種類とした。これらは皆、820℃、16時間の熱処理を行い、Jcが6400A/cm2 のHigh Jc sampleとした。
【0025】
以上4種類の試料の磁気シールド効果を測定した結果を図6〜9に示した。
外部磁場は100G、150G、200G、300Gの4水準である。外部磁場は試料表面に垂直方向にかけた。磁場の検出にはホール素子を用い、試料表面を横断させるように走査した。
300Gをかけた場合、中心で50Gまで減衰させることが可能であった。また、磁気シールド効果は、試料の厚さが増加するにしたがって改善されるが、2.75mm以上にしても大幅な改善はされない。
また、1000Gの外部磁場をかけても、中心部で約500Gまで減衰させることが可能であった。
【0026】
(実施例4)
試料の粒界部分の透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)写真観察をおこなった。
試料1・・・通常焼成。
試料2・・・通常焼成後、820℃、16時間の熱処理を行った。
試料1の結晶粒界には主にBi、Pb、Sr、Ca、Cu、Oの組成で構成された、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相が部分的に形成されており、これによって輸送電流が大幅に制限されることがわかる(図10〜12)。
【0027】
図13は、図12中に示した膜状物質のEDSスペクトルを示したものであって、Bi、Pb、Sr、Ca、CuおよびO元素の全てのピークが検出されていることがわかる。ただ、超電導体の場合に比べてCuのピークが強く出ていることが確認される。
試料2においては、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相がみられず、その代わりに全体的に結晶粒が成長しており、CuO、CuO、CaPbO が結晶粒界に析出している(図14〜15)。
これらは過剰成分の析出物であり、粒径1.0μm以下のCuO、Cu O、Ca PbO は局所的な析出であり、電気的な結合状態を阻害しない。
【0028】
図16および図17は、図14および図15中に示した析出物のEDSスペクトルを示したものである。図16より、Cuのピークが弱く、Pbのピークが強いことから、析出物はCa PbOであると推定され、図17より、CuのピークとOのピークが強いことからCuOであると推定される。
臨界電流密度を測定したところ、試料1は約1500A/cm 、試料2は約6400A/cmであった。
【0029】
以上により、熱処理により臨界電流密度が大幅に改善されるのは、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相が超電導相へと変化することにより、結晶粒どうしが接触する界面(粒界)において電気的な結合状態が改善されるためであると確認される。いいかえると、熱処理により膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相がなくなった結果、電流の流れる実質的な面積が増大し、臨界電流密度が大幅に向上したといえる。その結果、100〜1000Gのような高い磁場中においても良好な磁気シールド特性が得られると思われる。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
以上詳しく説明したとおり、この出願の発明により、Bi2223系酸化物超電導体において、臨界電流密度が2000A/cm 程度若しくはそれ以上のものが得られ、100〜1000Gの磁場中での磁気シールドに適する酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材が製造可能となる。これにより、磁気シールドシステムの大幅な軽量化、コンパクト化が実現でき、実用化に大きく近づく。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】粒界における膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相の存在を示した模式図である。
【図2】粒界における超電導を阻害しない析出物の析出を示した模式図である。
【図3】実施例において820℃での熱処理の処理時間と臨界電流密度との関係を示した図である。
【図4】低Jc試料の磁気シールド効果を示した図である。
【図5】高Jc試料の磁気シールド効果を示した図である。
【図6】1mm厚の試料の磁気シールド効果を示した図である。
【図7】1.87mm厚の試料の磁気シールド効果を示した図である。
【図8】2.75mm厚の試料の磁気シールド効果を示した図である。
【図9】4.40mm厚の試料の磁気シールド効果を示した図である。
【図10】Aは、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相の存在を示した図面に代わる透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)写真であり、Bは、この写真の部位について説明した模式図である。
【図11】Aは、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相の存在を示した図面に代わる透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)写真であり、Bは、この写真の部位について説明した模式図である。
【図12】Aは、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相の存在を示した図面に代わる透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)写真であり、Bは、この写真の部位について説明した模式図である。
【図13】膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相のEDSスペクトルを例示した図である。
【図14】Aは、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相のない状態を示した図面に代わる透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)写真であり、Bは、この写真の部位について説明した模式図である。
【図15】Aは、膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相のない状態を示した図面に代わる透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)写真であり、Bは、この写真の部位について説明した模式図である。
【図16】析出物のEDSスペクトルを示した図である。
【図17】析出物の別のEDSスペクトルを示した図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a method for manufacturing an oxide superconductor magnetic shield material. More specifically, the invention of this application relates to an oxide that can realize an oxide superconducting magnetic shield material that is useful in equipment and facilities that generate a magnetic field such as a magnetic resonance tomography apparatus (MRI), a linear motor car, and a superconducting magnet. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a magnetic shielding material of a superconductor.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Conventionally, it is known to use a ferromagnetic material having a high magnetic permeability such as permalloy or ferrite as a magnetic shield material.However, these shield materials generate a strong attractive force due to magnetic force. Has to be made strong and massive. Furthermore, in these shield materials, in order to shield a strong magnetic field such as 100 to 1000 G, it is necessary to stack the materials to increase the thickness, and as a result, there is a problem that the whole weight becomes considerably heavy.
[0003]
On the other hand, a magnetic shielding material using an oxide superconducting material has been studied. Since the oxide superconducting material itself is a substance exhibiting diamagnetism (Meissner effect), it can be used alone as a magnetic shielding material. However, when the external magnetic field strength becomes higher than H c1 (lower critical magnetic field), the magnetic field becomes It becomes a quantized quantum magnetic flux, penetrates and passes through the oxide superconductor. Therefore, it cannot be used as a magnetic shielding material in a magnetic field of several hundred G. If the critical current density is sufficiently high, the shielding effect can be obtained by overcoming the magnetic flux to penetrate. However, about 200 A / cm 2 for the YBaCuO-based superconductor produced by the sintering method and about 1000 A for the BiPbSrCaCuO-based superconductor It is very difficult to shield a strong magnetic field such as 100 to 1000 G with an oxide superconductor that can only obtain a critical current density of about / cm 2 (77 K, 0 G).
[0004]
A critical current density of about tens of thousands of A / cm 2 is obtained with a YBaCuO-based superconductor produced by a melting method, and it has been confirmed that a magnetic field as strong as 100 to 1000 G can be actually shielded. However, the sample obtained by the melting method has a problem in the upsizing which is the most important in practical use, the maximum size is 30 mm × 30 mm, and the production cost is extremely high compared to the sintering method. There's a problem.
[0005]
Therefore, the invention of this application solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, greatly improves the critical current density of the oxide superconductor, has a magnetic shielding effect even with a magnetic field of 100 to 1000 G, and is lightweight. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing an oxide superconductor magnetic shield material capable of realizing an oxide superconductor magnetic shield material excellent in practical use that can be made compact and compact.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of this application provides an oxide superconductor magnetic shielding material based on Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x or Bi 2 PbSr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x or both. In the production, after the final sintering step, heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 810 to 830 ° C. to eliminate the film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase existing at the crystal grain boundaries before the heat treatment, and to reduce the particle size to 1.0. A method for producing an oxide superconductor magnetic shield material, characterized in that at least one of CuO, Cu 2 O and Ca 2 PbO 4 of μm or less is precipitated at a grain boundary (claim 1). .
[0007]
In addition, the invention of this application relates to a final sintering process for producing an oxide superconductor magnetic shield material based on Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x or Bi 2 PbSr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x or both. In the process of lowering the furnace temperature after the sintering temperature holding step in the process is completed, a heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 810 to 830 ° C., and a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase existing at the crystal grain boundary before the heat treatment is removed. A method for producing an oxide superconductor magnetic shield material, comprising: extinguishing and depositing at least one of CuO, Cu 2 O, and Ca 2 PbO 4 having a particle size of 1.0 μm or less at a grain boundary. Is provided (claim 2).
[0008]
Furthermore, the invention of this application relates to the invention according to claim 1 or 2, and provides that the heat treatment is performed for 2 to 50 hours (claim 3).
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The oxide superconductor targeted by the oxide superconductor magnetic shield material of the invention of this application is a so-called Bi-based 2223 phase (high Tc phase), and is typically
A Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x system or Bi 2 PbSr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x system or mixed system of the two. The preferred composition for the magnetic shield material is
Bi: 1.75 to 1.95
Pb: 0.20 to 0.50
Sr: 1.85 to 2.15
Ca: 1.90 to 2.25
Cu: 2.90 to 3.15
Range.
[0010]
The method of manufacturing an oxide superconductor magnetic shielding material of the invention of this application, Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x or Bi 2 PbSr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x or the oxide superconductor magnetic shielding of both systems In manufacturing the material, heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 810 to 830 ° C. after the final sintering step, or 810 to 810 in the course of lowering the furnace temperature after the sintering temperature holding step in the final sintering step is completed. Heat treatment at a temperature of 830 ° C.
[0011]
Each heat treatment is preferably performed for 2 to 50 hours.
By the above heat treatment, the critical current density is improved, for example, by 3 to 4 times as compared with that before the heat treatment, and as a result, a superconducting magnetic shield material suitable for a magnetic shield in a magnetic field of 100 to 1000 G is obtained. When the temperature is lower than 810 ° C. or higher than 830 ° C., the critical current density becomes lower than that of the untreated one. Similar results are obtained when the time is less than 2 hours and more than 50 hours.
[0012]
The reason why the critical current density of the superconductor is improved, for example, by 3 to 4 times as compared with that before the heat treatment is a result of an improved electric coupling state at an interface (grain boundary) where crystal grains contact each other.
That is, a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase mainly composed of a composition of Bi, Pb, Sr, Ca, Cu, and O is partially formed at the crystal grain boundary before the heat treatment. This non-superconducting phase reduces the substantial area through which the current flows and greatly limits the transport current. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the above, and is actually confirmed by FIGS. 10 to 13 as described later.
[0013]
When the above heat treatment is performed, the film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase undergoes a solid-phase-reactive crystal transformation and changes to a stable superconducting phase, and the excess component is CuO, Cu 2 O, Ca 2 PbO. It becomes 4 and precipitates at the grain boundary. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram schematically showing this. Such local deposition of excess components does not hinder the electrical coupling state. In practice, as will be described later, this is clearly confirmed by FIGS.
Since the above-mentioned film-like substance which becomes an obstacle to the transport current is formed, a substantial area through which the current flows is increased, and the critical current density is greatly improved.
[0014]
The above-described method of manufacturing a superconductor magnetic shield material of the present invention has significant advantages in manufacturing cost and product stability as compared with the melting method. In the case of the enlargement, which is extremely difficult with the melting method, the method is only a method of compacting and firing the synthetic powder, so that the enlargement is possible.
[0015]
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, examples will be shown, and a method of manufacturing the oxide superconductor magnetic shield material of the present invention will be described in more detail.
[0016]
【Example】
(Example 1)
Bi 1.85 Pb 0.35 Sr 1.90 Ca 2.05 Cu 3.05 O x (Bi2223 phase) oxide superconducting synthetic powder (with a median diameter of 2-3 μm) was placed in a mold having a diameter of 20 mmφ. It was filled and molded at a total pressure of 6 ton using a uniaxial press. The thickness of the molded body was 1 mm. This compact was fired at 850 ° C. for 50 hours in an electric furnace. Thereafter, intermediate compression was performed at a pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 using a cold isostatic press (CIP) device.
[0017]
It was fired again at 850 ° C. for 50 hours in an electric furnace. Thereafter, a second intermediate compression was performed at a pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 using a CIP device. Finally, firing was performed at 850 ° C. for 50 hours using an electric furnace. The oxide superconductor thus obtained was subjected to heat treatment under various conditions of 800 ° C. to 840 ° C. for 2 to 60 hours, and the critical current density measurement results are shown in Table 1, and the critical current by the heat treatment at 820 ° C. The measurement results of the density are shown in FIG.
[0018]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003602702
[0019]
The measurement of the critical current density was performed at 77 K and an external magnetic field of 0 G using a DC four-terminal method. The best conditions are 6400 A / cm 2 for 16 hours at 820 ° C., and the untreated standard is 1500 A / cm 2 , so that an improvement of the critical current density of about 4 times or more is confirmed. Further, from Table 1, it can be seen that when the heat treatment is performed in the temperature range of 810 to 830 ° C. for 2 to 48 hours, a value higher than 1500 A / cm 2 of the untreated standard product is obtained.
[0020]
(Example 2)
Bi 1.85 Pb 0.35 Sr 1.90 Ca 2.05 Cu 3.05 O x (Bi 2213 phase) oxide superconducting synthetic powder (particle diameter is 2-3 μm in median diameter) is put into a mold having a diameter of 60 mmφ. It was filled and molded at a total pressure of 10 ton using a uniaxial press. The thickness of the molded body was 1 mm. This compact was fired at 850 ° C. for 50 hours in an electric furnace. Thereafter, intermediate compression was performed at a pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 using a cold isostatic press (CIP) device.
[0021]
It was fired again at 850 ° C. for 50 hours in an electric furnace. Thereafter, a second intermediate compression was performed at a pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 using a CIP device. Finally, firing was performed at 850 ° C. for 50 hours using an electric furnace. The superconductor thus obtained was cut into a plate shape (40 mm × 40 mm). Low Jc sample is an untreated standard product, and Jc is 1500 A / cm 2 . High Jc sample was obtained by heat treatment at 820 ° C. for 16 hours, and Jc was 6400 A / cm 2 .
[0022]
The results of measuring the magnetic shielding effect of the above two types of samples are shown in FIGS.
The external magnetic field is applied in a direction perpendicular to the sample surface. The Hall element was used for detecting the magnetic field, and scanning was performed so as to cross the sample surface.
As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, since Low Jc sample has a low Jc, it cannot overcome the magnetic flux to be penetrated, and the magnetic field penetrates as early as 20 G. On the other hand, the High Jc sample shows almost ideal magnetic shield effect even when 50 G is applied, and the difference is obvious.
[0023]
(Example 3)
Bi 1.85 Pb 0.35 Sr 1.90 Ca 2.05 Cu 3.05 O x (Bi2213 phase) oxide superconducting synthetic powder (with a median diameter of 2 to 3 μm) is placed in a mold having a diameter of 35 mmφ. It was filled and molded at a total pressure of 10 ton using a uniaxial press. At this time, molded bodies of various thicknesses were produced by changing the filling amount. The molded body was fired in an electric furnace at 850 ° C. for 50 hours. Thereafter, intermediate compression was performed at a pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 using a cold isostatic press (CIP) device.
[0024]
Again, firing was performed at 850 ° C. for 50 hours using an electric furnace. Thereafter, a second intermediate compression was performed at a pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 using a CIP device. Finally, firing was performed at 850 ° C. for 50 hours using an electric furnace.
The oxide superconductor thus obtained was cut into a plate shape (23 mm × 23 mm). There were four thicknesses, 1.00 mm, 1.87 mm, 2.75 mm, and 4.40 mm. All of them were subjected to a heat treatment at 820 ° C. for 16 hours to obtain a High Jc sample having a Jc of 6400 A / cm 2.
[0025]
6 to 9 show the results of measuring the magnetic shielding effect of the above four types of samples.
The external magnetic field has four levels of 100G, 150G, 200G, and 300G. An external magnetic field was applied perpendicular to the sample surface. The Hall element was used for detecting the magnetic field, and scanning was performed so as to cross the sample surface.
When 300G was applied, it was possible to attenuate to 50G at the center. The magnetic shielding effect is improved as the thickness of the sample is increased, but is not significantly improved even when the thickness is 2.75 mm or more.
In addition, even when an external magnetic field of 1000 G was applied, it was possible to attenuate to about 500 G at the center.
[0026]
(Example 4)
A transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph of a grain boundary portion of the sample was observed.
Sample 1: Normal firing.
Sample 2: After normal firing, heat treatment was performed at 820 ° C. for 16 hours.
A film-shaped amorphous non-superconducting phase mainly composed of a composition of Bi, Pb, Sr, Ca, Cu, and O is partially formed at the crystal grain boundary of Sample 1, whereby the transport current is reduced. It can be seen that it is significantly restricted (FIGS. 10-12).
[0027]
FIG. 13 shows an EDS spectrum of the film-like substance shown in FIG. 12, and it can be seen that all peaks of Bi, Pb, Sr, Ca, Cu and O elements are detected. However, it is confirmed that the peak of Cu is stronger than that of the superconductor.
In Sample 2, no film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase was observed, and instead, crystal grains were growing as a whole, and CuO, Cu 2 O, and CaPbO 4 were precipitated at crystal grain boundaries ( 14-14).
These are precipitates of excess components, and CuO, Cu 2 O, and Ca 2 PbO 4 having a particle size of 1.0 μm or less are local precipitates and do not hinder the electrical coupling state.
[0028]
FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 show EDS spectra of the precipitates shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. From FIG. 16, it is estimated that the precipitate is Ca 2 PbO 4 because the peak of Cu is weak and the peak of Pb is strong, and from FIG. 17, it is CuO because the peak of Cu and the peak of O are strong. Presumed.
When the critical current density was measured, Sample 1 was about 1500 A / cm 2 and Sample 2 was about 6400 A / cm 2 .
[0029]
As described above, the critical current density is greatly improved by the heat treatment because the film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase changes to the superconducting phase, and the electric current is generated at the interface (grain boundary) where the crystal grains contact each other. It is confirmed that the bonding state is improved. In other words, it can be said that as a result of the removal of the film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase due to the heat treatment, the substantial area through which current flows is increased, and the critical current density is greatly improved. As a result, it is considered that good magnetic shield characteristics can be obtained even in a high magnetic field such as 100 to 1000 G.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the invention of this application, a Bi2223-based oxide superconductor having a critical current density of about 2000 A / cm 2 or more is obtained, and is suitable for a magnetic shield in a magnetic field of 100 to 1000 G. An oxide superconductor magnetic shield material can be manufactured. As a result, the weight and size of the magnetic shield system can be significantly reduced and the magnetic shield system is brought closer to practical use.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the presence of a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase at a grain boundary.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing precipitation of a precipitate that does not hinder superconductivity at a grain boundary.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a processing time of a heat treatment at 820 ° C. and a critical current density in Examples.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a magnetic shielding effect of a low Jc sample.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a magnetic shielding effect of a high Jc sample.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a magnetic shielding effect of a sample having a thickness of 1 mm.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a magnetic shielding effect of a sample having a thickness of 1.87 mm.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a magnetic shielding effect of a sample having a thickness of 2.75 mm.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a magnetic shielding effect of a sample having a thickness of 4.40 mm.
FIG. 10A is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph instead of a drawing showing the presence of a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase, and FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram illustrating the parts of this photograph.
11A is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph instead of a drawing showing the presence of a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase, and FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram illustrating the parts of this photograph.
12A is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph instead of a drawing showing the presence of a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase, and FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram illustrating the parts of this photograph.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an EDS spectrum of a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase.
FIG. 14A is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph instead of a drawing showing a state without a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase, and FIG.
FIG. 15A is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph instead of a drawing showing a state without a film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase, and FIG.
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an EDS spectrum of a precipitate.
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another EDS spectrum of a precipitate.

Claims (3)

Bi2 Sr2 Ca2 Cu3xもしくはBi2 PbSr2 Ca2 Cu3 xまたはその両方の系の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材を製造するにあたり、最終焼結工程の終了後に、810〜830℃の温度で熱処理し、熱処理前に結晶粒界に存在していた膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相を消滅させ、粒径1.0μm以下のCuO、Cu2 OおよびCa2 PbO4 のうちの少なくとも1種以上を粒界に析出させることを特徴とする酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法。In producing the Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x or Bi 2 PbSr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x or an oxide superconductor magnetic shielding material of both systems, after the final sintering step is completed, 810-830 ° C. to eliminate the film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase that was present at the crystal grain boundaries before the heat treatment, and to remove CuO, Cu 2 O and Ca 2 PbO 4 having a particle size of 1.0 μm or less. A method for producing an oxide superconductor magnetic shield material, wherein at least one or more of them is precipitated at a grain boundary. Bi2 Sr2 Ca2 Cu3xもしくはBi2 PbSr2 Ca2 Cu3 xまたはその両方の系の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材を製造するにあたり、最終焼結工程での焼結温度保持工程が終了して炉内温度を下げる途中において、810〜830℃の温度で熱処理し、熱処理前に結晶粒界に存在していた膜状のアモルファスな非超電導相を消滅させ、粒径1.0μm以下のCuO、Cu2 OおよびCa2 PbO4 のうちの少なくとも1種以上を粒界に析出させることを特徴とする酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法。In manufacturing a magnetic shielding material of Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x and / or Bi 2 PbSr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x , a sintering temperature holding step in a final sintering step Is completed and heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 810 to 830 ° C. in the course of lowering the furnace temperature to eliminate the film-like amorphous non-superconducting phase existing at the crystal grain boundaries before the heat treatment, and to reduce the particle size to 1.0. A method for producing an oxide superconductor magnetic shield material, comprising depositing at least one of CuO, Cu 2 O, and Ca 2 PbO 4 having a particle size of μm or less at a grain boundary. 熱処理は2〜50時間行う請求項1または2記載の酸化物超電導体磁気シールド材の製造方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is performed for 2 to 50 hours.
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