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JP3603535B2 - Method for producing Nb3Al-based superconducting conductor - Google Patents
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JP3603535B2 - Method for producing Nb3Al-based superconducting conductor - Google Patents

Method for producing Nb3Al-based superconducting conductor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3603535B2
JP3603535B2 JP11107497A JP11107497A JP3603535B2 JP 3603535 B2 JP3603535 B2 JP 3603535B2 JP 11107497 A JP11107497 A JP 11107497A JP 11107497 A JP11107497 A JP 11107497A JP 3603535 B2 JP3603535 B2 JP 3603535B2
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superconducting
alloy
wire
conductor
solid solution
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JPH10302557A (en
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源三 岩城
州洋 福田
和彦 中川
英純 森合
勤 丹治
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Hitachi Cable Ltd
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Hitachi Cable Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E40/60Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、Nb3Al系超電導導体の製造方法に係り、特に、10T以上の高磁界中で使用されるNb3Al系超電導導体の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
高エネルギー粒子加速器におけるベンディング超電導マグネットには、Nb−Ti合金系超電導線材からなる素線を多数本撚り合わせた断面形状が平角の大電流容量撚線導体が用いられ、核融合実験炉における高磁界超電導マグネットには、Nb3Sn系化合物超電導線材を素線とした大電流容量平角撚線導体が用いられてきた。
【0003】
また、大断面積の単一導体(モノリス導体)を用いたNb−Ti合金系、或いはNb3Sn系化合物超電導導体が、大電流超電導導体として用いられてきた。
【0004】
大規模超電導マグネットシステムは、年々、発生磁界が高くなってきている。
Nb−Ti合金系超電導線材を素線とした撚線導体では、Nb−Ti合金系超電導体の臨界磁界が低いため、適用可能な磁界レベルは運転温度が4.2Kで7T程度、1.8Kで10T程度であり、このレベル以上の超電導マグネットシステムには適用不可能である。
【0005】
これに対して、Nb3Sn系化合物超電導線材を素線とした撚線導体では、臨界磁界が25Tと高いため、高磁界マグネット用導体として適用可能である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、一般的に、Nb3Sn系化合物超電導導体は、機械的歪みによる超電導特性、特に臨界電流特性の劣化が著しいという問題を有している。また、高磁界中で大電流を通電した場合、導体には巨大な電磁力が作用するため、この歪感受性により性能が劣化してしまうおそれがある。
【0007】
これを防ぐためには、補強材を組込む等の複雑な対策が必要であり、マグネット製作コストおよびマグネット自体の性能の問題となっている。
【0008】
また、大断面積のモノリス導体では、導体長に制約が生じるため、大量の導体を必要とする大規模超電導マグネットに適用する場合、必然的に接続部が多くなり、マグネットの不安定性を助長するおそれがある。さらに、上述した問題も加味される。
【0009】
そこで本発明は、上記課題を解決し、容易に、かつ、低コストで、高磁界中で大電流を安定して通電することが可能なNb3Al系超電導導体の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために請求項1の発明は、Nb/Al複合体を金属管内に挿入して多芯ビレットを形成し、その多芯ビレットに減面加工を施して線材を形成し、その線材に高温加熱・急冷処理を施してNb/Al複合体を体心立方構造のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体に変質させた後、その線材を複数本撚り合わせて撚線を形成し、その撚線に600〜800℃の熱処理を施すことによって、上記Nb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体からNb 3 Al系超電導化合物相を析出させる方法であって、上記体心立方構造のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体が、Nb或いはNb基合金とAl或いはAl基合金との組成比が略化学量論組成であるNb/Al複合体に高温加熱・急冷処理を施してなるものであることを特徴とする方法である。
【0011】
請求項2の発明は、上記高温加熱・急冷処理が、1,200℃以上の加熱および500℃/秒以上の冷却速度である請求項1記載のNb 3 Al系超電導導体の製造方法である。
【0012】
以上の構成によれば、高融点金属マトリックス中に複数本配置された体心立方構造のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメントから略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相を析出生成させてなる素線で構成されているため、容易に、かつ、低コストで、高磁界中で大電流を安定して通電することが可能なNb3Al系超電導導体を得ることができる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
【0014】
本発明のNb3Al系超電導導体は、高融点金属マトリックス中に複数本配置された体心立方構造のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメントから略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相を析出生成させてなる素線で構成されるものである。Nb−Al系過飽和固溶体フィラメントは、その前駆体であるNb/Al複合体フィラメントから形成されるものである。
【0015】
高融点金属マトリックスが占める断面積比は、素線の全断面積の10〜70%である。
【0016】
高融点金属マトリックスの材料としては、特に限定しないが、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、V、Ti、W、Fe、Ni、Cr、或いはこれらの金属を基とする合金が望ましい。
【0017】
Nb或いはNb基合金とAl或いはAl基合金からなるNb/Al複合体を形成する場合、両者間の変形抵抗差が非常に大きいため、Nb/Al複合体を健全に形成することが大きな課題となり、Nb/Al複合体に健全性が欠ける場合、Nb/Al系過飽和固溶体を生成させるための高温加熱・急冷処理を良好に行うことができない。
【0018】
Nb/Al複合体としては、健全に形成されたものであれば特に限定するものではなく、様々な種類のものが挙げられるが、例えば、Nb/Al積層複合体、Nb或いはNb基合金チューブにAl或いはAl基合金ロッドを挿入したもの、Nb或いはNb基合金とAl或いはAl基合金の冷間接合シート細片から形成されるもの等が挙げられる。
【0019】
Nb/Al積層複合体では、その形成母材として、薄肉(シート状)のNb或いはNb基合金材とAl或いはAl基合金材を用いることが可能であり、Nb−Al系過飽和固溶体を生成するに十分なNb/Al複合体(Nb/Al積層複合体)を低加工度で形成することができる。
【0020】
次に、本発明の方法を説明する。
【0021】
Nb3Al系超電導線材は、Nb3Al系超電導化合物相が略化学量論組成の場合、
Nb3Sn系化合物超電導線材以上の高磁界特性が得られるものの、化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相は、1,500℃以上の高温でのみ安定に存在することができる非平衡相である。このため、Nb3Sn系化合物超電導線材のように、1,000℃以下の拡散反応による化合物生成熱処理では、化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相は生成されないのが一般的である。
【0022】
本発明において、略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相を生成することができる理由を以下に説明する。
【0023】
先ず、金属管内に、Nb或いはNb基合金とAl或いはAl基合金との組成比が略化学量論組成になるように形成した複数本のNb/Al複合体フィラメントを束ねたものを挿入配置してビレットを形成する。
【0024】
次に、ビレットに押出加工と伸線加工を施して線材を形成すると共に、この線材に、1,200℃以上の加熱および500℃/秒以上の冷却速度からなる高温加熱・急冷処理を施す。
【0025】
この高温加熱・急冷処理により、Nb/Al複合体が体心立方構造を有するNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体に変態する。このようにして変態生成したNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体は延性を有するため、高温加熱・急冷処理後の成形加工および撚線加工が可能である。
【0026】
その後、線材に更に熱処理を施すことにより、Nb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメントから略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相が析出し、高磁界特性および耐歪特性に優れたNb3Al系超電導導体を得る。
【0027】
Nb−Al系過飽和固溶体から略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相を析出生成するための熱処理は、600〜800℃の実用的な温度域で十分である。
【0028】
すなわち、本発明のNb3Al系超電導導体においては、Nb/Al複合体に高温加熱・急冷処理を施してNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体に変態させ、このNb−Al系過飽和固溶体から略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相を析出生成させているため、600〜800℃の実用的な温度域の熱処理で、容易に、かつ、低コストで、高磁界中で大電流を安定して通電することが可能なNb3Al系超電導導体を得ることができる。
【0029】
次に、本発明の他の実施の形態を説明する。
【0030】
本発明のNb3Al系超電導導体は、素線単体からなるものであった。
【0031】
第1の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体の横断面図を図2に示す。
【0032】
図2に示すように、第1の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体11は、撚線導体を構成する各素線14が高融点金属マトリックス12中に複数本配置された体心立方構造のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメント13から略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相を析出生成させたものからなっている。
【0033】
第1の実施の形態のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメント13も、本発明のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメントと同様に、その前駆体であるNb/Al複合体フィラメントに高温加熱・急冷処理を施して形成されるものである。
【0034】
このようにして変態生成したNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体は延性を有するため、高温加熱・急冷処理後の素線の撚線加工および撚線導体の矩形断面成形加工が可能となる。ここで、Nb3Al系超電導導体11の断面形状を矩形としたのは、矩形断面とすることで、マグネット巻線断面内のNb3Al系超電導導体の充填率を高くすることが可能となるためである。
【0035】
本実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体においても、本発明と同様の作用効果を奏することは言うまでもない。
【0036】
第1の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体11では、超電導導体において一般的なCu等の安定化材の複合が、素線の作製過程における高温加熱・急冷処理のために困難である。
【0037】
本発明および第1の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体は、高磁界特性および高い臨界温度を有し、かつ、基本的には温度マージンが高いため、安定化材を複合しなくても超電導マグネットに適用可能であるが、大電流通電下で外部擾乱が発生した場合には、本発明および第1の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体においても熱暴走するおそれがある。
【0038】
そこで、第2の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体は、熱暴走防止のため、安定化金属線材を素線と共に撚線して撚線導体を形成するものである。
【0039】
第2の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体の横断面図を図3に示す。
【0040】
すなわち、図3に示すように、第2の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体21は、撚線導体が高融点金属マトリックス22中に複数本配置された体心立方構造のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメント23から略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相を析出生成させてなる複数本(図中では3本の)素線24と、複数本(図中では6本)の安定化金属線材25とで構成されたものである。
【0041】
安定化金属線材24が占める断面積比は、Nb3Al系超電導導体21の全断面積の70%以内である。
【0042】
安定化金属線材24の材料としては、特に限定しないが、導体自体の安定性マージンにより、残留抵抗比が25以上のCu、Al、Ag、或いはこれらの金属を基とする合金が望ましい。
【0043】
本実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体は、本発明および第1の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体と比較して特性はやや劣るものとなるが、安定性を大幅に向上させることができるという新たな作用効果を奏する。
【0044】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
Nb素線の横断面図を図1に示す。
【0045】
図1に示すように、工業用純Nb管内(図示せず)に、工業用純Nbロッド4の周りに、工業用純Nbシート(図示せず)と工業用純Alシート(図示せず)を密巻きして形成したNb/Al積層複合体(Nb/Al複合体;図示せず)を36本束ねて挿入してビレット(図示せず)を形成する。
【0046】
このビレットに押出加工と伸線加工を施して、直径0.5mmの線材(図示せず)を形成する。その後、この線材に高温加熱・急冷処理を施して、Nb/Al積層複合体のNb/Al層をNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体5に相変態させて、Nb素線(素線)1を作製する。
【0047】
Nbマトリックス素線1は、Nbマトリックス(高融点金属マトリックス)2中に、直径59μmのNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメント3が36本配置されてなるものである。この時、Nbマトリックス素線1におけるNbマトリックス2部の断面積比は50%である。
【0048】
このNbマトリックス素線1にツイスト方向がZ方向、ピッチ15mmのツイスト加工を施す。
【0049】
このツイスト加工を施したNbマトリックス素線1を9本束ねて撚り合わせて撚り方向がS方向、撚りピッチ20mmで成形撚線し、図2に示したような幅2.3mm、高さ0.9mmの横断面平角形状のNb3Al系超電導導体前駆体を形成する。このNb3Al系超電導導体前駆体に800℃×10hrの熱処理を施して、Nb3Al系超電導導体を作製する。
【0050】
(実施例2)
実施例1のNb管の代わりにTa管を用い、後は実施例1と同様にして、図2に示したような幅2.3mm、高さ0.9mmの横断面平角形状のNb3Al系超電導導体前駆体を形成する。このNb3Al系超電導導体前駆体に800℃×10hrの熱処理を施して、Nb3Al系超電導導体を作製する。
【0051】
(実施例3)
実施例1と同様にして作製した直径0.5mmのNbマトリックス素線を3本および同径の安定化銅線6本を束ねて撚り合わせて撚り方向がS方向、撚りピッチ20mmで成形撚線し、図3に示したような幅2.3mm、高さ0.9mmの横断面平角形状のNb3Al系超電導導体前駆体を含む撚線導体を形成する。この時、撚線導体における安定化銅線部の断面積比は66.7%である。その後、その撚線導体に800℃×10hrの熱処理を施して、Nb3Al系超電導導体前駆体をNb3Al系超電導導体に生成される。
【0052】
(比較例1)
Nb3Sn素線の横断面図を図4に、Nb3Sn系超電導導体の横断面図を図5に示す。
【0053】
図4に示すように、ブロンズ管内(図示せず)に、Nbロッド(図示せず)を挿入してシングルビレットを形成する。このシングルビレットに押出加工と伸線加工を施して、単芯線(図示せず)を形成する。
【0054】
この単芯線を6,631本束ねてNb管内(図示せず)に挿入した後、更に、Cu管内(図示せず)に挿入してマルチビレット(図示せず)を形成する。
【0055】
このマルチビレットに押出加工と伸線加工を施して、直径0.5mmのマルチ線(図示せず)を形成する。
【0056】
Nb3Sn素線31は、ブロンズマトリックス中に、直径3μmのフィラメントが6,631本配置されてなるブロンズフィラメント複合部32の外周に、Nb拡散バリア33および安定化銅34が形成されてなるものである。この時、Nb3Sn素線31における安定化銅部の断面積比は23%である。
【0057】
このNb3Sn撚線31を9本束ねて撚り合わせて撚り方向がS方向、撚りピッチ20mm、幅2.3mm、高さ0.9mmの横断面平角形状の撚線導体に形成し、その撚線導体に650℃×200hrの熱処理を施して、Nb3Sn系超電導導体51を作製する。
【0058】
実施例1〜3のNb3Al系超電導導体および比較例1のNb3Sn系超電導導体の諸元を表1に示す。
【0059】
◎【表1】

Figure 0003603535
【0060】
次に、実施例1〜3のNb3Al系超電導導体および比較例1のNb3Sn系超電導導体の臨界電流Icと、各超電導導体を構成する超電導素線の臨界電流Icとをそれぞれ測定した。
【0061】
超電導導体および超電導素線の臨界電流Icの測定には4端子法を用い、巻径40mm、巻ピッチ10mmのコイル状サンプルの2ターン間に電圧測定端子を取り付け、4.2Kにおいて各外部磁界(16T、17T、18T、19T、20T、および21T)での臨界電流Icを測定する。なお、各臨界電流Icは、0.1μV/cm基準での値である。
【0062】
各臨界電流Icの測定結果を表2に示す。
【0063】
◎【表2】
Figure 0003603535
【0064】
表2に示すように、実施例1および実施例2のNb3Al系超電導導体においては、いずれも超電導素線の臨界電流Icの約9倍の値が得られた。特に、外部磁界16Tで1,000Aを超える臨界電流Icが得られ、比較例1のNb3Sn系超電導導体と比較して、同じ外部磁界における臨界電流Icは約3倍であり、高磁界中で大電流容量通電が可能である。
【0065】
また、実施例3のNb3Al系超電導導体の臨界電流Icは、比較例1のNb3Sn系超電導導体の臨界電流Icと略同程度である。これは、実施例3のNb3Al系超電導導体においては、安定化銅線6本をNb撚線3本と共に束ねて撚線しており、超電導導体における安定化銅部の断面積比が67%と高めであることに起因している。
【0066】
比較例1のNb3Sn系超電導導体においては、超電導導体における安定化銅部の断面積比が23%であり、実施例3のNb3Al系超電導導体における断面積比67%の約1/3である。
【0067】
すなわち、本発明のNb3Al系超電導導体においては、安定化銅材の複合量を、従来の超電導導体であるNb3Sn系超電導導体における安定化銅材の複合量の3倍にしても、従来の超電導導体と同等の性能を達成することが可能であり、延いては、超電導体の安定性を大幅に改善することが可能となる。
【0068】
また、表2の結果からもわかるように、安定化銅線7本をNb撚線2本と共に束ねて撚線した場合、超電導導体における安定化銅部の断面積比が78%と規定範囲(70%以内)外となり、明らかに特性が比較例1以下となってしまうため、本発明には不適格となる。
【0069】
本発明のNb3Al系超電導導体は、高エネルギー粒子加速器、核融合炉、および物性研究用の大規模高磁界超電導マグネットに適用することが可能であり、また、本発明のNb3Al系超電導導体を適用することにより、それらの実現可能性を飛躍的に高めることができる。
【0070】
【発明の効果】
以上要するに本発明によれば、Nb/Al複合体に高温加熱・急冷処理を施してNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体に変態させ、このNb−Al系過飽和固溶体から略化学量論組成のNb3Al系超電導化合物相を析出生成させることで、600〜800℃の実用的な温度域の熱処理で、容易に、かつ、低コストで、高磁界中で大電流を安定して通電することが可能なNb3Al系超電導導体を得ることができるという優れた効果を発揮する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のNb3Al系超電導導体の横断面図である。
【図2】第1の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体の横断面図である。
【図3】第2の実施の形態のNb3Al系超電導導体の横断面図である。
【図4】Nb3Sn素線の横断面図である。
【図5】従来の超電導導体であるNb3Sn系超電導導体の横断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 Nbマトリックス素線(素線)
2,12,22 Nbマトリックス(高融点金属マトリックス)
3,13,23 Nb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体フィラメント
5 Nb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体
11,21 Nb3Al系超電導導体
14,24 素線
25 安定化金属線材[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a Nb 3 Al superconducting conductor, in particular, to a method for manufacturing a Nb 3 Al superconducting conductors used in 10T or more high magnetic field in.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The bending superconducting magnet in the high-energy particle accelerator uses a large current capacity stranded conductor with a rectangular cross section formed by twisting a number of strands of Nb-Ti alloy-based superconducting wire. As the superconducting magnet, a high-current-capacity flat-stranded stranded conductor made of an Nb 3 Sn-based compound superconducting wire has been used.
[0003]
Moreover, single conductor (monolithic conductor) Nb-Ti alloy system using a large cross sectional area, or Nb 3 Sn compound superconducting conductors have been used as large-current superconductor.
[0004]
A large-scale superconducting magnet system generates a higher magnetic field year by year.
In a stranded conductor using an Nb-Ti alloy-based superconducting wire as a strand, the critical magnetic field of the Nb-Ti alloy-based superconductor is low, so that the applicable magnetic field level is approximately 7T at an operating temperature of 4.2K and 1.8K. Is about 10T, which is not applicable to superconducting magnet systems of this level or higher.
[0005]
On the other hand, a stranded conductor made of an Nb 3 Sn-based compound superconducting wire as a strand has a high critical magnetic field of 25 T, so that it can be used as a conductor for a high magnetic field magnet.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in general, the Nb 3 Sn-based compound superconductor has a problem that the superconducting characteristics, particularly the critical current characteristics, are significantly deteriorated due to mechanical strain. Further, when a large current is applied in a high magnetic field, a huge electromagnetic force acts on the conductor, and the performance may be deteriorated due to the sensitivity to the distortion.
[0007]
In order to prevent this, complicated measures such as the incorporation of a reinforcing material are required, and this poses a problem in magnet manufacturing cost and performance of the magnet itself.
[0008]
In addition, since the conductor length is restricted in a monolithic conductor having a large cross-sectional area, when applied to a large-scale superconducting magnet that requires a large amount of conductors, the number of connection parts inevitably increases, which promotes the instability of the magnet. There is a risk. Further, the above-mentioned problem is taken into consideration.
[0009]
Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a method for producing an Nb 3 Al-based superconductor that can easily and stably conduct a large current in a high magnetic field at a low cost. is there.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the invention of claim 1 is to form a multifilament billet by inserting an Nb / Al composite into a metal tube, perform a surface reduction process on the multifilament billet, form a wire, After the wire is subjected to high-temperature heating / quenching treatment to transform the Nb / Al composite into a body-centered cubic Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution, a plurality of the wires are twisted to form a stranded wire, and the stranded wire is formed. by heat treatment of 600 to 800 ° C. in a line, a method of precipitating Nb 3 Al superconducting compound phase from the Nb-Al alloy system supersaturated solid solution, Nb-Al alloy system supersaturated solid solution of the body-centered cubic structure A high-temperature heating and quenching treatment of an Nb / Al composite having a substantially stoichiometric composition ratio of Nb or an Nb-based alloy to Al or an Al-based alloy. is there.
[0011]
The invention according to claim 2 is the method for producing an Nb 3 Al-based superconductor according to claim 1 , wherein the high-temperature heating / quenching treatment is performed at a heating rate of 1,200 ° C. or more and a cooling rate of 500 ° C./sec or more .
[0012]
According to the above configuration, a substantially stoichiometric Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase is precipitated and formed from a body-centered cubic Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution filament arranged in a plurality of refractory metal matrices. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor that can easily and stably supply a large current in a high magnetic field at a low cost.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0014]
Nb 3 Al superconducting conductor of the present invention, the Nb 3 Al superconducting compound phase substantially stoichiometric from Nb-Al alloy system supersaturated solid solution filaments plurality of arranged body-centered cubic structure in the high-melting point metal matrix It is composed of strands formed by precipitation. The Nb-Al-based supersaturated solid solution filament is formed from an Nb / Al composite filament which is a precursor thereof.
[0015]
The cross-sectional area ratio occupied by the refractory metal matrix is 10 to 70% of the total cross-sectional area of the strand.
[0016]
The material of the refractory metal matrix is not particularly limited, but Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, V, Ti, W, Fe, Ni, Cr, or an alloy based on these metals is desirable.
[0017]
When forming an Nb / Al composite composed of Nb or an Nb-based alloy and Al or an Al-based alloy, since the difference in deformation resistance between the two is very large, it is a major issue to form the Nb / Al composite soundly. When the Nb / Al composite lacks soundness, high-temperature heating / quenching treatment for producing an Nb / Al-based supersaturated solid solution cannot be performed satisfactorily.
[0018]
The Nb / Al composite is not particularly limited as long as it is a soundly formed one, and various types of Nb / Al composites may be used. For example, Nb / Al laminated composites, Nb or Nb-based alloy tubes may be used. Examples thereof include those in which Al or an Al-based alloy rod is inserted, and those formed from a cold-bonded sheet strip of Nb or an Nb-based alloy and Al or an Al-based alloy.
[0019]
In the Nb / Al laminated composite, it is possible to use a thin (sheet-shaped) Nb or Nb-based alloy material and Al or an Al-based alloy material as a base material for forming the Nb / Al-based supersaturated solid solution. Nb / Al composite (Nb / Al laminated composite) can be formed with a low degree of processing.
[0020]
Next, the method of the present invention will be described.
[0021]
The Nb 3 Al-based superconducting wire has a substantially stoichiometric composition in the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase.
Although a high magnetic field characteristic higher than that of the Nb 3 Sn-based compound superconducting wire can be obtained, the stoichiometric composition of the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase is a non-equilibrium phase that can exist stably only at a high temperature of 1,500 ° C. or higher. It is. For this reason, in the case of a compound forming heat treatment by a diffusion reaction at 1,000 ° C. or less, such as an Nb 3 Sn-based compound superconducting wire, an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase having a stoichiometric composition is generally not generated.
[0022]
In the present invention, the reason why an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase having a substantially stoichiometric composition can be generated will be described below.
[0023]
First, a bundle of a plurality of Nb / Al composite filaments formed so that the composition ratio between Nb or Nb-based alloy and Al or Al-based alloy becomes substantially stoichiometric is inserted and arranged in a metal tube. To form a billet.
[0024]
Next, the billet is extruded and drawn to form a wire, and the wire is subjected to a high-temperature heating / quenching treatment at a heating rate of 1200 ° C. or more and a cooling rate of 500 ° C./sec or more.
[0025]
By this high-temperature heating / quenching treatment, the Nb / Al complex is transformed into an Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution having a body-centered cubic structure. Since the Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution transformed in this way has ductility, it can be formed after high-temperature heating and quenching, and can be subjected to twisting.
[0026]
Then, by performing further thermal treatment to the wire, Nb-Al alloy system Nb 3 Al superconducting compound phase substantially stoichiometric from a supersaturated solid solution filaments are precipitated, high field properties and strain resistant properties superior Nb 3 Al A superconducting conductor is obtained.
[0027]
The heat treatment for precipitating and forming the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase having a substantially stoichiometric composition from the Nb-Al-based supersaturated solid solution is sufficient in a practical temperature range of 600 to 800 ° C.
[0028]
That is, in the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor of the present invention, the Nb / Al composite is subjected to a high-temperature heating / quenching treatment to transform it into an Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution, and from the Nb-Al-based supersaturated solid solution to a substantially stoichiometric amount. Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase of stoichiometric composition is precipitated and generated, and it is easy and at low cost to stabilize a large current in a high magnetic field by heat treatment in a practical temperature range of 600 to 800 ° C. To obtain an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor which can be energized.
[0029]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0030]
The Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor of the present invention consisted of a single element wire.
[0031]
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the Nb 3 Al-based superconductor according to the first embodiment.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 2, the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor 11 of the first embodiment has a body-centered cubic structure in which a plurality of strands 14 constituting a stranded conductor are arranged in a refractory metal matrix 12. has an Nb 3 Al superconducting compound phase substantially stoichiometric from those precipitated product from the Nb-Al alloy system supersaturated solid solution filaments 13.
[0033]
Similarly to the Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution filament of the present invention, the Nb / Al composite-based supersaturated solid solution filament 13 of the first embodiment is also subjected to high-temperature heating / quenching treatment of the precursor Nb / Al composite filament. Is formed.
[0034]
Since the Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution transformed in this way has ductility, it becomes possible to carry out stranded wire processing of the strand after high-temperature heating / quenching treatment and rectangular section forming processing of the stranded wire conductor. Here, the reason why the cross-sectional shape of the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor 11 is rectangular is that the filling rate of the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor in the cross section of the magnet winding can be increased by making the cross section rectangular. That's why.
[0035]
It goes without saying that the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor of the present embodiment also has the same function and effect as the present invention.
[0036]
In the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor 11 of the first embodiment, it is difficult to combine a general stabilizing material such as Cu in the superconducting conductor due to the high-temperature heating / quenching treatment in the process of producing the strand.
[0037]
The Nb 3 Al-based superconductor of the present invention and the first embodiment has high magnetic field characteristics and a high critical temperature, and basically has a high temperature margin. Although it can be applied to a superconducting magnet, when an external disturbance occurs under the application of a large current, the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor of the present invention and the first embodiment may run out of heat.
[0038]
Therefore, in order to prevent thermal runaway, the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor of the second embodiment forms a stranded conductor by twisting a stabilized metal wire together with a strand.
[0039]
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the Nb 3 Al-based superconductor according to the second embodiment.
[0040]
That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor 21 of the second embodiment is a Nb-Al alloy having a body-centered cubic structure in which a plurality of stranded wire conductors are arranged in a refractory metal matrix 22. (Three in the figure) and a plurality of (six in the figure) wires 24 formed by precipitating and generating an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase having a substantially stoichiometric composition from the system-based supersaturated solid solution filament 23. The stabilizing metal wire 25 is used.
[0041]
The cross-sectional area ratio occupied by the stabilizing metal wire 24 is within 70% of the total cross-sectional area of the Nb 3 Al-based superconductor 21.
[0042]
The material of the stabilizing metal wire 24 is not particularly limited, but is preferably Cu, Al, Ag or an alloy based on these metals having a residual resistance ratio of 25 or more due to the stability margin of the conductor itself.
[0043]
Nb 3 Al superconducting conductor of the present embodiment, properties compared to Nb 3 Al superconducting conductor of the present invention and the first embodiment is becomes slightly inferior, be significantly improved stability A new function and effect is achieved.
[0044]
【Example】
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the Nb strand.
[0045]
As shown in FIG. 1, an industrial pure Nb sheet (not shown) and an industrial pure Al sheet (not shown) are provided around an industrial pure Nb rod 4 in an industrial pure Nb pipe (not shown). Are tightly wound to form a billet (not shown) by bundling and inserting 36 Nb / Al composites (Nb / Al complex; not shown).
[0046]
The billet is extruded and drawn to form a wire (not shown) having a diameter of 0.5 mm. Thereafter, the wire is subjected to a high-temperature heating / quenching treatment to transform the Nb / Al layer of the Nb / Al laminated composite into a Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution 5 to produce an Nb wire (wire) 1. I do.
[0047]
The Nb matrix element wire 1 is composed of Nb matrix (high melting point metal matrix) 2 and 36 Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution filaments 3 having a diameter of 59 μm. At this time, the cross-sectional area ratio of the Nb matrix 2 in the Nb matrix element wire 1 is 50%.
[0048]
This Nb matrix element wire 1 is subjected to a twisting process with a twist direction of Z direction and a pitch of 15 mm.
[0049]
Nineteen twisted Nb matrix wires 1 are bundled and twisted to form a stranded wire with a twist direction of S direction and a twist pitch of 20 mm, and a width of 2.3 mm and a height of 0.3 mm as shown in FIG. A Nb 3 Al-based superconductor precursor having a rectangular cross section of 9 mm is formed. This Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor precursor is subjected to a heat treatment at 800 ° C. × 10 hr to produce an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor.
[0050]
(Example 2)
A Ta tube was used in place of the Nb tube of the first embodiment, and thereafter, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, Nb 3 Al having a rectangular cross section of 2.3 mm in width and 0.9 mm in height as shown in FIG. A superconducting precursor is formed. This Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor precursor is subjected to a heat treatment at 800 ° C. × 10 hr to produce an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor.
[0051]
(Example 3)
Three Nb matrix strands having a diameter of 0.5 mm produced in the same manner as in Example 1 and three stabilized copper wires of the same diameter are bundled and twisted to form a twisted wire in the S direction and a twist pitch of 20 mm. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, a stranded conductor including a Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor precursor having a rectangular cross section having a width of 2.3 mm and a height of 0.9 mm is formed. At this time, the cross-sectional area ratio of the stabilized copper wire portion in the stranded conductor is 66.7%. Thereafter, the stranded conductor is subjected to a heat treatment at 800 ° C. for 10 hours to produce an Nb 3 Al-based superconductor precursor into an Nb 3 Al-based superconductor.
[0052]
(Comparative Example 1)
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the Nb 3 Sn strand, and FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the Nb 3 Sn superconductor.
[0053]
As shown in FIG. 4, an Nb rod (not shown) is inserted into a bronze tube (not shown) to form a single billet. The single billet is subjected to extrusion and wire drawing to form a single core wire (not shown).
[0054]
After bundling 6,631 single core wires and inserting them into an Nb tube (not shown), they are further inserted into a Cu tube (not shown) to form a multi billet (not shown).
[0055]
The multi billet is extruded and drawn to form a multi wire (not shown) having a diameter of 0.5 mm.
[0056]
The Nb 3 Sn strand 31 is formed by forming an Nb diffusion barrier 33 and a stabilized copper 34 on the outer periphery of a bronze filament composite portion 32 in which 6,631 filaments having a diameter of 3 μm are arranged in a bronze matrix. It is. At this time, the cross-sectional area ratio of the stabilized copper portion in the Nb 3 Sn strand 31 is 23%.
[0057]
Nine Nb 3 Sn stranded wires 31 are bundled and twisted to form a stranded conductor having a rectangular cross section with a twisting direction of S direction, a twist pitch of 20 mm, a width of 2.3 mm, and a height of 0.9 mm. The wire conductor is subjected to a heat treatment at 650 ° C. × 200 hr to produce an Nb 3 Sn-based superconducting conductor 51.
[0058]
Table 1 shows the specifications of the Nb 3 Al-based superconductor of Examples 1 to 3 and the Nb 3 Sn-based superconductor of Comparative Example 1.
[0059]
◎ [Table 1]
Figure 0003603535
[0060]
It was then measured and the critical current Ic of the Nb 3 Sn based superconducting conductor of Nb 3 Al superconducting conductor and Comparative Example 1 of Examples 1 to 3, and a critical current Ic of the superconducting wire constituting the respective superconducting conductors respectively .
[0061]
The critical current Ic of the superconducting conductor and the superconducting element wire is measured using a four-terminal method, and a voltage measuring terminal is attached between two turns of a coiled sample having a winding diameter of 40 mm and a winding pitch of 10 mm. The critical current Ic at 16T, 17T, 18T, 19T, 20T, and 21T) is measured. Each critical current Ic is a value based on 0.1 μV / cm.
[0062]
Table 2 shows the measurement results of each critical current Ic.
[0063]
◎ [Table 2]
Figure 0003603535
[0064]
As shown in Table 2, in each of the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductors of Example 1 and Example 2, a value approximately nine times the critical current Ic of the superconducting element wire was obtained. In particular, a critical current Ic exceeding 1,000 A was obtained at an external magnetic field of 16 T, and the critical current Ic at the same external magnetic field was about three times that of the Nb 3 Sn-based superconducting conductor of Comparative Example 1. With this, a large current capacity can be supplied.
[0065]
Further, the critical current Ic of the Nb 3 Al-based superconductor of Example 3 is substantially the same as the critical current Ic of the Nb 3 Sn-based superconductor of Comparative Example 1. This is because in the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor of Example 3, six stabilized copper wires were bundled together with three Nb stranded wires and twisted, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the stabilized copper portion in the superconducting conductor was 67%. This is due to the high percentage.
[0066]
In the Nb 3 Sn-based superconducting conductor of Comparative Example 1, the cross-sectional area ratio of the stabilized copper portion in the superconducting conductor is 23%, which is about 1/67 of the cross-sectional area ratio of 67% in the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor of Example 3. 3.
[0067]
That is, in the Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor of the present invention, even if the composite amount of the stabilized copper material is three times the composite amount of the stabilized copper material in the conventional superconducting Nb 3 Sn-based superconductor, It is possible to achieve the same performance as that of the conventional superconductor, and it is possible to greatly improve the stability of the superconductor.
[0068]
Also, as can be seen from the results in Table 2, when seven stabilized copper wires are bundled and twisted together with two Nb stranded wires, the cross-sectional area ratio of the stabilized copper portion in the superconducting conductor is 78%, which is a specified range ( (Within 70%), and the characteristics are clearly lower than Comparative Example 1, which is not suitable for the present invention.
[0069]
Nb 3 Al superconducting conductor of the present invention, high-energy particle accelerator, it is possible to apply to a large-scale high magnetic field superconducting magnet for a nuclear fusion reactor, and Physics Research, also, Nb 3 Al superconducting of the present invention By applying conductors, their feasibility can be dramatically increased.
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
In short, according to the present invention, the Nb / Al composite is subjected to high-temperature heating / quenching treatment to transform it into a Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution, and from this Nb-Al-based supersaturated solid solution, Nb 3 Al having a substantially stoichiometric composition. By precipitating and generating a system superconducting compound phase, it is possible to easily and at a low cost, stably conduct a large current in a high magnetic field with a heat treatment in a practical temperature range of 600 to 800 ° C. An excellent effect that an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor can be obtained is exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an Nb 3 Al-based superconductor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the Nb 3 Al-based superconductor according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an Nb 3 Al-based superconductor according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an Nb 3 Sn element wire.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an Nb 3 Sn-based superconductor, which is a conventional superconductor.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Nb matrix element wire (element wire)
2,12,22 Nb matrix (high melting point metal matrix)
3,13,23 Nb-Al alloy system supersaturated solid solution filament 5 Nb-Al alloy system supersaturated solid solution 11 and 21 Nb 3 Al superconducting conductor 14, 24 wire 25 stabilizing metal wire

Claims (2)

Nb/Al複合体を金属管内に挿入して多芯ビレットを形成し、その多芯ビレットに減面加工を施して線材を形成し、その線材に高温加熱・急冷処理を施してNb/Al複合体を体心立方構造のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体に変質させた後、その線材を複数本撚り合わせて撚線を形成し、その撚線に600〜800℃の熱処理を施すことによって、上記Nb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体からNb 3 Al系超電導化合物相を析出させる方法であって、上記体心立方構造のNb−Al合金系過飽和固溶体が、Nb或いはNb基合金とAl或いはAl基合金との組成比が略化学量論組成であるNb/Al複合体に高温加熱・急冷処理を施してなるものであることを特徴とするNb3Al系超電導導体の製造方法 The Nb / Al composite is inserted into a metal tube to form a multifilament billet, the multifilament billet is subjected to surface reduction processing to form a wire, and the wire is subjected to high-temperature heating / quenching treatment to form an Nb / Al composite. After transforming the body into an Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution having a body-centered cubic structure, a plurality of the wires are twisted to form a stranded wire, and the stranded wire is subjected to a heat treatment at 600 to 800 ° C. A method for precipitating an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting compound phase from an Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution , wherein the body-centered cubic Nb-Al alloy-based supersaturated solid solution is composed of Nb or an Nb-based alloy and Al or an Al-based alloy. A method for producing an Nb 3 Al-based superconducting conductor , comprising subjecting an Nb / Al composite having a substantially stoichiometric composition to high-temperature heating and quenching . 上記高温加熱・急冷処理が、1,200℃以上の加熱および500℃/秒以上の冷却速度である請求項1記載のNb3Al系超電導導体の製造方法 The high-temperature heat-quenching treatment, Nb 3 Al superconducting conductor manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the heating and 500 ° C. / sec or more cooling rate of more than 1,200 ° C..
JP11107497A 1997-04-28 1997-04-28 Method for producing Nb3Al-based superconducting conductor Expired - Fee Related JP3603535B2 (en)

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