JP3603630B2 - Method for producing optically active 1,2-diols - Google Patents
Method for producing optically active 1,2-diols Download PDFInfo
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- JP3603630B2 JP3603630B2 JP36656498A JP36656498A JP3603630B2 JP 3603630 B2 JP3603630 B2 JP 3603630B2 JP 36656498 A JP36656498 A JP 36656498A JP 36656498 A JP36656498 A JP 36656498A JP 3603630 B2 JP3603630 B2 JP 3603630B2
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- 150000000180 1,2-diols Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 thiocarbamoyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000852 hydrogen donor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003441 thioacyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PFURGBBHAOXLIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1O PFURGBBHAOXLIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diacetyl Chemical group CC(=O)C(C)=O QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pristane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- LAXRNWSASWOFOT-UHFFFAOYSA-J (cymene)ruthenium dichloride dimer Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+2].[Ru+2].CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 LAXRNWSASWOFOT-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- JQPFYXFVUKHERX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one Natural products OC1=CCCCC1=O JQPFYXFVUKHERX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- OILAIQUEIWYQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1=O OILAIQUEIWYQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011982 enantioselective catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRKODOZNUZCUBN-CCAGOZQPSA-N (1z,3z)-cycloocta-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CC\C=C/C=C\C1 RRKODOZNUZCUBN-CCAGOZQPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PONXTPCRRASWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)C(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 PONXTPCRRASWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 description 1
- JOIYVFNZNMJXDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-[2-(methylamino)-1,2-diphenylethyl]benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(NC)C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 JOIYVFNZNMJXDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 CNC(*)C(*)N* Chemical compound CNC(*)C(*)N* 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical group C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGXMUPKIEHNBNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J benzene;ruthenium(2+);tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ru]Cl.Cl[Ru]Cl.C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1 YGXMUPKIEHNBNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N binaphthyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;methylsulfanylmethane Chemical compound [B].CSC MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JYHHJVKGDCZCCL-UHFFFAOYSA-J carbon monoxide;dichlororuthenium Chemical compound [O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].Cl[Ru]Cl.Cl[Ru]Cl JYHHJVKGDCZCCL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VDCSGNNYCFPWFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylsilane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[SiH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 VDCSGNNYCFPWFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- YUWFEBAXEOLKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C YUWFEBAXEOLKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium methoxide Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- NVCTWTUCFNBXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-methyl-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(NC)C(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 NVCTWTUCFNBXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKZMDBZZLTWSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl)-2,4,6-tripropylbenzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CCCC1=CC(CCC)=CC(CCC)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 KKZMDBZZLTWSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOPFIWYXBIHPIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 UOPFIWYXBIHPIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002097 pentamethylcyclopentadienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;propan-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)[O-] WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005147 toluenesulfonyl group Chemical group C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)*)C 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、光学活性1,2−ジオールの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
光学活性1,2−ジオール類は、例えば医薬品や農業化学品の合成中間体として、あるいは触媒の配位子として重要な化合物である。
光学活性1,2−ジオールを合成するにあたっては、分子内に二つの隣接するカルボニル基を有する化合物、すなわちジケトンを立体選択的に還元する方法が一般的である。この場合、生ずる1,2−ジオールは二つの不斉点を有するため、全部で4種のジアステレオマーを生ずることになり、この中の1種を選択的に合成することが求められる。また、例えば(1)式においてR1 とR2 が互いに同一である場合には、生ずるジアステレオマーのうち2種はアキラルであるメソ体となり、反応の選択性は、ジオール全体のなかでのメソ体の割合(メソ選択性)と、残りの異性体(キラル体と称する)のなかでのエナンチオマー過剰率(ee)により評価される。
【0003】
ジケトンを原料とする従来の光学活性1,2−ジオールの合成法としては、イーストを利用する方法など生物化学的方法が主であった(J.Org.Chem.,54(13),3221(1989) 等)。また不斉触媒の存在下に過剰のジフェニルシラン(Tetrahedron Lett.,36(29),5239(1995) )やボラン・ジメチルスルフィド(J.Org.Chem.,1996,61,3888)を還元剤として反応させ、光学活性1,2−ジオールを得る方法が報告されているが、これらの還元剤は取り扱いが困難であり、より一般的方法として水素または水素移動反応による不斉還元法が求められてきた。
不斉アルカロイドで修飾した不均一白金触媒の存在下、ジアセチルの不斉接触水素化により光学活性2,3−ブタンジオールを得る方法が最近報告されたが(Chem.Commun.,1053(1998) )、メソ選択性が50%と低く、eeも40−60%程度であった。
【0004】
また従来から不斉ビナフチル配位子を有するRu触媒が官能基含有ケトンの不斉還元に利用されてきたが、ジアセチルなどの脂肪族ジケトンに関しては、eeは100%と高いものの、メソ選択性が70%程度と低く実用的ではなかった(J.Am.Chem.Soc.,110,629(1988))。
光学活性1,2−シクロヘキサンジオールは不斉触媒配位子として重要な原料であるが、従来の光学活性1,2−シクロヘキサンジオールの合成法としては、光学活性ジアミンによる分割(Chem.Lett.,(5),763(1991))、菌による分割(Tetrahedron Lett.,35(2),331(1994) )、酵素による分割(J.Org.Chem.,56(26),7251(1991) )等の方法が知られているのみであり、1,2−シクロヘキサンジオンの不斉還元による方法は知られていなかった。
【0005】
一方、特開平9−157196号にはアセトフェノン等のモノケトンを、遷移金属錯体、塩基及び光学活性含窒素化合物から成る不斉触媒の存在下、水素供与性化合物による水素移動型不斉還元により、光学活性モノアルコールを製造する方法が提案されているが、ジケトンへの適用については不明であった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はかかる事情に鑑み、従来技術に比し、より簡便で選択性の高い光学活性1,2−ジオール類の製造法を提供することを課題とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記課題を達成すべく検討した結果、特定の配位子を用いた金属触媒による不斉水素移動還元により、高選択率で目的化合物が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
すなわち本発明の要旨は下記一般式(1)
【0008】
【化6】
【0009】
(式中、R1及びR2の一方は、反応に不活性な置換基を有していても良い芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基または脂肪族炭化水素基を示し、他方は、反応に不活性な置換基を有していても良い脂肪族炭化水素基を示す。また、R1とR2は互いに結合し又は縮合して環を形成しても良い。)
で表されるジケトンを、周期律表第8族金属化合物と、下記一般式(2)
【0010】
【化7】
【0011】
(式中、R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していても良いアルキル基、アリール基又は芳香族複素環基を示す。また、R3とR4は互いに結合し又は縮合して環を形成しても良い。R5及びR6はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、低級アルキル基、アシル基、カルバモイル基、チオアシル基、チオカルバモイル基及びアルキル又はハロゲン原子及び低級アルコキシ基より成る群から選ばれたもので置換されていてもよいアリールスルホニル基より成る群から選ばれたものを示す。)で示される不斉配位子とを組み合わせた触媒の存在下、水素供与体で不斉還元することを特徴とする下記一般式(3)
【0012】
【化8】
【0013】
(式中、R1 及びR2 は、(1)式と同一の意義を有し、*は不斉炭素を表す。)で示される光学活性1,2−ジオール類の製造方法に存する。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の原料である1,2−ジケトンは前記一般式(1)で表される。一般式(1)に於いて、R1 、R2 は置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基または脂肪族炭化水素基を示す。また、R1 とR2 は互いに結合し又は縮合して環を形成しても良い。ただしR1 とR2 は同時に芳香族炭化水素基及び/又は芳香族複素環基ではない。
芳香族炭化水素基として具体的にはフェニル基、ナフチル基が挙げられ、芳香族複素環基として具体的にはピリジル基、フリル基、チエニル基が挙げられる。脂肪族炭化水素基はそれぞれ芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基で置換されていてもよいアルキル基、アルケニル基及びアルキニル基を表す。アルキル基としてはメチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、ヘキシル、ベンジル基等の炭素数1〜20のアルキル基が例示される。アルケニル基としてはビニル基、2−メチルビニル基等の炭素数2〜20のアルケニル基が例示される。アルキニル基としてはアセチレニル基、メチルアセチレニル基、フェニルアセチレニル基等の炭素数2〜20のアルキニル基が例示される。これらの芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基または脂肪族炭化水素基に結合する置換基としては典型元素および遷移金属元素を含有する置換基が挙げられる。典型元素を含有する置換基として具体的にはフッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素等のハロゲン原子及びハロゲン原子含有置換基、ヒドロキシル基、アルコキシ基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、カルボキシル基等の酸素原子含有置換基、アミノ基、アルキルアミノ基、ニトロ基等の窒素原子含有置換基、トリメチルシリル基、ヒドロシリル基等のケイ素含有置換基、メルカプト基、アルキルチオ基、2,6−ジチアシクロヘキシル基等の硫黄原子含有置換基、ホスホリル基、トリフェニルホスフィニル基等のリン原子含有置換基等が例示される。遷移金属元素を含有する置換基として具体的にはフェロセニル基等の鉄含有置換基が例示される。また、R1 とR2 は互いに結合し、例えば、トリメチレン基、テトラメチレン基等となり縮合して環を形成しても良い。一般式(1)のジケトンの具体例としては表1に示した化合物が例示され、特に適用性が高いものとしてはジアセチル(表1の1)および1,2−シクロヘキサンジオン(表1の11)である。
【0015】
【表1】
【0016】
本発明に使用される触媒を構成する不斉配位子は、下記一般式(2)で表されるジアミン誘導体である。
【0017】
【化9】
【0018】
(式中、R3 およびR4 はそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していても良いアルキル基、アリール基又は芳香族複素環基を示す。また、R3 とR4 は互いに結合し又は縮合して環を形成しても良い。R5 及びR6 はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、低級アルキル基、アシル基、カルバモイル基、チオアシル基、チオカルバモイル基及びアルキル又はアリールスルホニル基を示す。)
一般式(2)においてR3 、R4 で示されるアルキル基としてはメチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、テトラエチレン基(シクロヘキサン環をなす)などが挙げられる。R3 、R4 で示されるアリール基としてはフェニル基、4−メチルフェニル基、3,5−ジメチルフェニル基、4−メトキシフェニル基などがあげられる。R3 、R4 で示される芳香族複素環基としてはフリル基、ピリジル基等が挙げられる。R5 、R6 が低級アルキル基を示す場合、炭素数1〜4の直鎖もしくは分岐鎖アルキル基を示す。以下、本明細書に於いて、低級とは炭素数1〜4を意味する。R5 、R6 がアシル基を示す場合、例えば、アセチル基、プロピオニル基、ベンゾイル基等が例示され、カルバモイル基を示す場合はN−メチルカルバモイル基、N−フェニルカルバモイル基等が例示される。
【0019】
R5 、R6 がチオアシル基を示す場合は、例えばチオアセチル基、チオプロピオニル基、チオベンゾイル基等が例示され、チオカルバモイル基を示す場合はN−メチルチオカルバモイル基、N−フェニルチオカルバモイル基等が例示される。
R5 、R6 がアルキル又はアリールスルホニル基を示す場合は、炭素数1〜20のアルキル又はアリールスルホニル基が例示され、例えばメタンスルホニル基、エタンスルホニル基、ベンゼンスルホニル基、トルエンスルホニル基、2,4,6−メシチルスルホニル基、2,4,6−トリイソプロピルベンゼンスルホニル基、4−メトキシベンゼンスルホニル基、4−クロロベンゼンスルホニル基等が挙げられる。
一般式(2)で示される不斉配位子の中、好ましくは、下記一般式(4)
【0020】
【化10】
【0021】
(式中、R7 は置換基を有していても良いアルキル基又はアリール基を示し、R8 は水素原子又は低級アルキル基を示す。R9 及びR10は、それぞれ独立して、置換基を有していても良いアルキル基、フェニル基又は芳香族複素環基を示す。)で表されるジアミン誘導体である。
更に好ましい不斉配位子は下記一般式(5)
【0022】
【化11】
【0023】
(式中、R12は水素原子又は低級アルキル基を示し、R11、R13及びR14は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、低級アルキル基、ハロゲン原子、低級アルコキシ基を示す。l、m、nはそれぞれ独立して1〜5の整数を示す。)で示されるジアミン誘導体である。なお、一般式(2)〜(5)において*は不斉炭素を表す。
一般式(4)、(5)のアルキル基、アリール基、ハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基としては前記と同様のものが挙げられる。具体的な配位子としては1,2−ジフェニルエチレンジアミン、N−メチル−1,2−ジフェニルエチレンジアミン、N−トシル−1,2−ジフェニルエチレンジアミン、N−メチル−N’−トシル−1,2−ジフェニルエチレンジアミン、N−p−メトキシフェニルスルホニル−1,2−ジフェニルエチレンジアミン、N−p−クロロフェニルスルホニル−1,2−ジフェニルエチレンジアミン、N−p−メシチルスルホニル−1,2−ジフェニルエチレンジアミン、N−(2,4,6−トリ−i−プロピル)フェニルスルホニル−1,2−ジフェニルエチレンジアミン等が挙げられる。
これらの不斉配位子と組み合わせて用いられる周期律表第8族金属化合物の金属種としては、ルテニウム、ロジウム、イリジウム、コバルトが例示される。化合物としてはRuCl3−3H2O、[RuCl2(p−cymene)]2、[RuCl2(benzene)]2 、 [RuCl2(mesytilene)]2、[RuCl2(hexamethylbenzene)]2 、RuCl2(PPh3)3、[RuCl2(cod)]n 、[RuCl2(CO)3]2 、[Rh(cod)Cl]2,[RhCl2(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)]2、[Ir(cod)Cl]2、CoCl2 などが例示され、好ましくは[RuCl2(p−cymene)]2である。
【0024】
なお、上記化合物のPhはフェニル基、codはシクロオクタジエンを表す。
不斉配位子と金属化合物からの触媒生成はJ.Am.Chem.Soc. 1995, 117, p7562 などにおいて開示されている公知の方法が使用できる。例えばイソプロパノールなどの溶媒中、トリエチルアミンなどの塩基存在下、還流加熱することにより金属原子に不斉配位子が配位した錯体が得られる。これをそのまま用いてもよく、ここからAngew.Chem.Int.Ed.Engl. 1997, 36, p285に記載のように錯体を結晶として単離してもよい。
【0025】
本発明の不斉還元反応は触媒存在下に原料ジケトンを水素供与体と接触させて行われる。水素供与体としてはアルコールおよびギ酸が例示される。アルコールとしてはメタノール、エタノール、n−プロパノール、イソプロパノール、n−ブタノール、sec−ブタノール等の水素原子をα−位に有する低級アルコールが用いられ、好適なアルコールはイソプロパノールである。
反応は塩基不存在下で実施することもできるが、好ましくは塩基存在下で実施される。塩基が存在すると触媒が安定化し、また不純物による活性低下等が防止できる。塩基としては水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなどのアルカリ金属水酸化物、リチウムメトキシド、ナトリウムメトキシド、カリウムイソプロポキシドなどのアルカリ金属アルコキシド、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリイソプロピルアミンなどの有機アミン類が例示される。塩基を使用する場合は、触媒に対して過剰量、例えばモル比で1〜1000モル倍を用いるのが好ましい。一般にアルコールを水素供与体に用いる場合は水酸化カリウムを1〜10モル倍、ギ酸を水素供与体に用いる場合はトリエチルアミンを触媒に対して大過剰、例えば1〜1000モル倍用いて行われる。
【0026】
好適な水素供与体との組み合わせとしてはイソプロパノール/水酸化カリウムおよびギ酸/トリエチルアミンが挙げられ、最も好適なものはギ酸/トリエチルアミンである。
ギ酸とアミンを組み合わせて用いる場合には、あらかじめギ酸とアミンの共沸混合物を調整して用いると、これらの原料中の不純物による影響が抑えられるので好ましい。ギ酸とトリエチルアミンの場合、共沸混合物のモル比はギ酸:トリエチルアミン=5:2なので、ギ酸ないしトリエチルアミンをさらに添加して最適なギ酸/アミン比にすることが好ましい。
通常は水素供与体自体を反応溶媒として利用するが、原料を溶解させるために、トルエン、テトラヒドロフラン、アセトニトリル、ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、ジメチルスルホキシドなどの非水素供与性溶媒を助溶媒として使用することも可能である。
【0027】
原料に対する触媒量は通常原料に対するルテニウム原子のモル比として1/10から1/1, 000, 000、好ましくは1/100から1/1, 000である。
原料に対する水素供与体量は通常1モル倍から大過剰(通常1000モル倍)の範囲までで、一般にアルコールを水素供与体に用いる場合は溶媒を兼ねて大過剰に用い、ギ酸を水素供与体に用いる場合は1モル倍から20モル倍の範囲である。
反応温度は−70℃から100℃、好ましくは0℃から70℃の範囲から選ばれる。
反応圧力は特に限定されず、通常0.5気圧〜2気圧、好ましくは1気圧のもとで行われる。
反応の進行により、水素供与体から生じた化合物、すなわちイソプロパノールなどの2級アルコールを水素供与体に用いた場合にはアセトンなどのケトンが、またギ酸を水素供与体に用いた場合には二酸化炭素が生成する。反応の効率的な進行のためにはこれらの生成物の効率的な除去が有効である。特にイソプロパノールを水素供与体に用いた場合のアセトンの除去は反応の進行に特に有効である。
反応時間は1時間から200時間、通常は5時間から72時間である。
反応後は、一般に知られる蒸留、抽出、クロマトグラフィー、再結晶などの操作により反応液から生成した光学活性な1,2−ジオールを分離、精製することができる。
【0028】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明の実施態様を更に具体的に示すが、本発明はその要旨を越えない限り実施例の範囲に限定されるものではない。
【0029】
実施例1
光学活性ルテニウム錯体(SS−TsDPEN−Ru)の合成
[RuCl2 (p−cymene)]2 7.66gと(S,S)−N−p−トルエンスルホニルジフェニルエチレンジアミン9.16gに2−プロパノール150mlとトリエチルアミン7mlを加え、窒素下80℃で1時間撹拌した。氷冷して析出した結晶を濾過し、2−プロパノールとヘキサンの1:1混合液で洗浄した。さらに水で洗浄し減圧乾燥してオレンジ色の結晶(SS−TsDPEN−Ru)12.6g(収率79%)を得た。
20ml三つ口フラスコ中で、ギ酸0.94mlとトリエチルアミン3.4mlを混合した溶液にDMF4mlを加え、さらに1,2−シクロヘキサンジオン1.12g(10mM)を加えた。窒素置換したのち、上記で得たSS−TsDPEN−Ru32mg(50μM)をDMF0.5mlに溶かして反応液に加えたところ、直ちに発泡が始まった。室温にて48時間反応させた。反応液を光学活性ガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、転化率99%、キラル体:メソ体=59:41、キラル体のエナンチオマー過剰率(ee)68%であった。反応終了後、希塩酸で中和し、ジクロロメタン40mlで抽出した。さらに油層を1N塩酸40ml、飽和食塩水20mlで洗浄した。油層に無水硫酸マグネシウムを加え脱水した後、濾過により塩を除いた。濾液を濃縮し、2.91gの粗オイルを得た。NMRにより分析したところ、オイルは78%のDMFと22%の1,2−シクロヘキサンジオール(キラル体:メソ体=62:38、ee=68%)であった。
【0030】
実施例2
ギ酸とトリエチルアミンの共沸混合物(ギ酸:トリエチルアミン=5:2)11mlにトリエチルアミン3.7mlを冷却しながら混合し、ここにアセトニトリル5ml、2,3−ブタンジオン4.3g(50mM)を加えた。実施例1で得られたSS−TsDPEN−Ru159mg(250μM)を加え、40℃にて24時間反応を行った。反応液を光学活性ガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、転化率99%、キラル体:メソ体=72:28、キラル体のeeは78%であった。反応混合物を減圧下で蒸留し、4.39gの無色透明オイルを得た。NMRおよび光学活性ガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、このオイルは67wt%の2,3−ブタンジオール、21wt%のトリエチルアミン、12wt%のギ酸からなり、2,3−ブタンジオール中のキラル体:メソ体=69:31、キラル体のeeは79%であった。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば、1,2−ジケトンを不斉還元して、光学活性な脂肪族1,2−ジオールを高転化率、高エナンチオマー過剰率(高ee)で得ることができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing an optically active 1,2-diol.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Optically active 1,2-diols are important compounds, for example, as synthetic intermediates for pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, or as ligands for catalysts.
In synthesizing an optically active 1,2-diol, a method of stereoselectively reducing a compound having two adjacent carbonyl groups in a molecule, that is, a diketone, is generally used. In this case, since the resulting 1,2-diol has two asymmetry points, a total of four diastereomers are generated, and it is required to selectively synthesize one of these diastereomers. Further, for example, when R 1 and R 2 are the same as each other in the formula (1), two of the resulting diastereomers are meso-forms which are achiral, and the selectivity of the reaction depends on the total diol. It is evaluated by the proportion of the meso form (meso selectivity) and the enantiomeric excess (ee) among the remaining isomers (referred to as chiral form).
[0003]
As a conventional method for synthesizing an optically active 1,2-diol using a diketone as a raw material, a biochemical method such as a method using yeast has been mainly used (J. Org. Chem., 54 (13), 3221 ( 1989)). In the presence of an asymmetric catalyst, an excess of diphenylsilane (Tetrahedron Lett., 36 (29), 5239 (1995)) or borane dimethyl sulfide (J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 3888) is used as a reducing agent. A method for obtaining an optically active 1,2-diol by reaction has been reported. However, these reducing agents are difficult to handle, and an asymmetric reduction method using hydrogen or a hydrogen transfer reaction has been required as a more general method. Was.
A method for obtaining optically active 2,3-butanediol by asymmetric catalytic hydrogenation of diacetyl in the presence of a heterogeneous platinum catalyst modified with an asymmetric alkaloid has recently been reported (Chem. Commun., 1053 (1998)). , The meso selectivity was as low as 50%, and the ee was also about 40-60%.
[0004]
Also, Ru catalysts having an asymmetric binaphthyl ligand have been conventionally used for asymmetric reduction of functional group-containing ketones. For aliphatic diketones such as diacetyl, the ee is as high as 100%, but the mesoselectivity is low. As low as about 70%, it was not practical (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 629 (1988)).
Optically active 1,2-cyclohexanediol is an important raw material as an asymmetric catalyst ligand, and a conventional method for synthesizing optically active 1,2-cyclohexanediol is a resolution using an optically active diamine (Chem. Lett., (5), 763 (1991)), division by bacteria (Tetrahedron Lett., 35 (2), 331 (1994)), division by enzymes (J. Org. Chem., 56 (26), 7251 (1991)). And the like, and a method by asymmetric reduction of 1,2-cyclohexanedione was not known.
[0005]
On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-157196 discloses that a monoketone such as acetophenone is subjected to optical transfer asymmetric reduction with a hydrogen-donating compound in the presence of an asymmetric catalyst comprising a transition metal complex, a base and an optically active nitrogen-containing compound. A method for producing active monoalcohol has been proposed, but its application to diketones was unknown.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing optically active 1,2-diols which is simpler and more selective than conventional techniques.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have studied to achieve the above object, and found that the target compound can be obtained with high selectivity by asymmetric hydrogen transfer reduction using a metal catalyst using a specific ligand, and completed the present invention. did.
That is, the gist of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (1)
[0008]
Embedded image
[0009]
(In the formula, one of R 1 and R 2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent inert to the reaction, and the other is It represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent inert to the reaction, and R 1 and R 2 may be bonded to each other or condensed to form a ring.)
A diketone represented by the following general formula (2):
[0010]
Embedded image
[0011]
(Wherein, R 3 and R 4 each independently represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. In addition, R 3 and R 4 are bonded to each other or R 5 and R 6 may be each independently a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an acyl group, a carbamoyl group, a thioacyl group, a thiocarbamoyl group and an alkyl or halogen atom and a lower alkoxy group A hydrogen donor in the presence of a catalyst in combination with an asymmetric ligand represented by the group consisting of an arylsulfonyl group which may be substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of: General formula (3) characterized by asymmetric reduction with
[0012]
Embedded image
[0013]
(Wherein, R 1 and R 2 have the same meaning as in the formula (1), and * represents an asymmetric carbon).
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The 1,2-diketone, which is a raw material of the present invention, is represented by the general formula (1). In the general formula (1), R 1 and R 2 represent an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent. Further, R 1 and R 2 may be bonded to each other or condensed to form a ring. However, R 1 and R 2 are not simultaneously an aromatic hydrocarbon group and / or an aromatic heterocyclic group.
Specific examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group, and specific examples of the aromatic heterocyclic group include a pyridyl group, a furyl group, and a thienyl group. The aliphatic hydrocarbon group represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group and an alkynyl group which may be substituted with an aromatic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic heterocyclic group, respectively. Examples of the alkyl group include a C1 to C20 alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a hexyl group, and a benzyl group. Examples of the alkenyl group include alkenyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a vinyl group and a 2-methylvinyl group. Examples of the alkynyl group include an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as an acetylenyl group, a methylacetylenyl group, and a phenylacetylenyl group. Examples of the substituent bonded to the aromatic hydrocarbon group, aromatic heterocyclic group or aliphatic hydrocarbon group include a substituent containing a typical element and a transition metal element. Specific examples of the substituent containing a typical element include halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, and halogen atom-containing substituents, hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups, acyl groups, alkoxycarbonyl groups, and oxygen atom-containing groups such as carboxyl groups. Substituents, nitrogen-containing substituents such as amino group, alkylamino group and nitro group, silicon-containing substituents such as trimethylsilyl group and hydrosilyl group, sulfur atoms such as mercapto group, alkylthio group and 2,6-dithiacyclohexyl group Examples include a phosphorus atom-containing substituent such as a substituent, a phosphoryl group, and a triphenylphosphinyl group. Specific examples of the substituent containing a transition metal element include iron-containing substituents such as a ferrocenyl group. Further, R 1 and R 2 may be bonded to each other to form, for example, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, or the like, and to form a ring. Specific examples of the diketone of the general formula (1) include the compounds shown in Table 1, and diacetyl (1 in Table 1) and 1,2-cyclohexanedione (11 in Table 1) are particularly applicable. It is.
[0015]
[Table 1]
[0016]
The asymmetric ligand constituting the catalyst used in the present invention is a diamine derivative represented by the following general formula (2).
[0017]
Embedded image
[0018]
(Wherein, R 3 and R 4 each independently represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. In addition, R 3 and R 4 are bonded to each other or R 5 and R 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an acyl group, a carbamoyl group, a thioacyl group, a thiocarbamoyl group, and an alkyl or arylsulfonyl group. )
Examples of the alkyl group represented by R 3 and R 4 in the general formula (2) include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, and a tetraethylene group (forming a cyclohexane ring). Examples of the aryl group represented by R 3 and R 4 include a phenyl group, a 4-methylphenyl group, a 3,5-dimethylphenyl group, and a 4-methoxyphenyl group. Examples of the aromatic heterocyclic group represented by R 3 and R 4 include a furyl group and a pyridyl group. When R 5 and R 6 represent a lower alkyl group, they represent a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Hereinafter, in this specification, lower means C1-4. When R 5 and R 6 represent an acyl group, examples thereof include an acetyl group, a propionyl group, and a benzoyl group. When R 5 and R 6 represent a carbamoyl group, an N-methylcarbamoyl group and an N-phenylcarbamoyl group are exemplified.
[0019]
When R 5 and R 6 each represent a thioacyl group, examples thereof include a thioacetyl group, a thiopropionyl group, and a thiobenzoyl group. Is exemplified.
When R 5 and R 6 represent an alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, examples thereof include an alkyl or arylsulfonyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as a methanesulfonyl group, an ethanesulfonyl group, a benzenesulfonyl group, a toluenesulfonyl group, Examples thereof include a 4,6-mesitylsulfonyl group, a 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl group, a 4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl group, and a 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group.
Among the asymmetric ligands represented by the general formula (2), preferably, the following general formula (4)
[0020]
Embedded image
[0021]
(Wherein, R 7 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group which may have a substituent, R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group. R 9 and R 10 each independently represent a substituent A diamine derivative represented by an alkyl group, a phenyl group or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a).
More preferred asymmetric ligands are represented by the following general formula (5)
[0022]
Embedded image
[0023]
(Wherein, R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and R 11 , R 13 and R 14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a halogen atom, or a lower alkoxy group. L, m , N each independently represent an integer of 1 to 5). In the general formulas (2) to (5), * represents an asymmetric carbon.
Examples of the alkyl group, the aryl group, the halogen atom, and the alkoxy group in the general formulas (4) and (5) include the same as described above. Specific ligands include 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, N-methyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, N-tosyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, N-methyl-N′-tosyl-1,2- Diphenylethylenediamine, Np-methoxyphenylsulfonyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, Np-chlorophenylsulfonyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, Np-mesitylsulfonyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, N- ( (2,4,6-tri-i-propyl) phenylsulfonyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine and the like.
Examples of the metal species of the Group VIII metal compound used in combination with these asymmetric ligands include ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, and cobalt. Examples of the compound include RuCl 3 -3H 2 O, [RuCl 2 (p-cymene)] 2 , [RuCl 2 (benzene)] 2 , [RuCl 2 (mesityline)] 2 , [RuCl 2 (hexamethylbenzene)] 2 , RuCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 3 , [RuCl 2 (cod)] n, [RuCl 2 (CO) 3 ] 2 , [Rh (cod) Cl] 2 , [RhCl 2 (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)] 2 , [Ir (cod) Cl] 2 , CoCl 2 and the like, and preferably [RuCl 2 (p-cymene)] 2 .
[0024]
In the above compounds, Ph represents a phenyl group, and cod represents cyclooctadiene.
Catalyst formation from an asymmetric ligand and a metal compound is described in J. Am. Am. Chem. Soc. Known methods disclosed in 1995, 117, p7562 and the like can be used. For example, a complex in which an asymmetric ligand is coordinated to a metal atom can be obtained by heating under reflux in a solvent such as isopropanol in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. This may be used as it is, and Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. Complexes may be isolated as crystals as described in 1997, 36, p285.
[0025]
The asymmetric reduction reaction of the present invention is carried out by bringing the starting diketone into contact with a hydrogen donor in the presence of a catalyst. Examples of the hydrogen donor include alcohol and formic acid. As the alcohol, a lower alcohol having a hydrogen atom at the α-position such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and sec-butanol is used, and a preferable alcohol is isopropanol.
The reaction can be carried out in the absence of a base, but is preferably carried out in the presence of a base. The presence of the base stabilizes the catalyst, and can prevent a decrease in activity due to impurities. Examples of the base include alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide; alkali metal alkoxides such as lithium methoxide, sodium methoxide, and potassium isopropoxide; and organic compounds such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, and triisopropylamine. Amines are exemplified. When a base is used, it is preferable to use an excess amount relative to the catalyst, for example, a molar ratio of 1 to 1000 times. In general, when alcohol is used as a hydrogen donor, potassium hydroxide is used at 1 to 10 mole times, and when formic acid is used as a hydrogen donor, triethylamine is used in a large excess, for example, 1 to 1000 mole times with respect to the catalyst.
[0026]
Suitable combinations with hydrogen donors include isopropanol / potassium hydroxide and formic acid / triethylamine, the most preferred being formic acid / triethylamine.
When formic acid and an amine are used in combination, it is preferable to use an azeotropic mixture of formic acid and an amine in advance, because the influence of impurities in these raw materials can be suppressed. In the case of formic acid and triethylamine, since the molar ratio of the azeotropic mixture is formic acid: triethylamine = 5: 2, it is preferable to further add formic acid or triethylamine to obtain an optimal formic acid / amine ratio.
Normally, the hydrogen donor itself is used as the reaction solvent, but a non-hydrogen donor solvent such as toluene, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide (DMF), or dimethyl sulfoxide may be used as a cosolvent to dissolve the raw materials. It is possible.
[0027]
The amount of the catalyst relative to the raw material is usually 1/10 to 1 / 1,000,000, preferably 1/100 to 1 / 1,000,000 as a molar ratio of ruthenium atoms to the raw material.
The amount of the hydrogen donor relative to the raw material is usually in the range of 1 mole to a large excess (usually 1000 moles). In general, when an alcohol is used as a hydrogen donor, a large excess is used also as a solvent, and formic acid is used as a hydrogen donor. When used, it is in the range of 1 to 20 times.
The reaction temperature is selected from the range of -70 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably 0 ° C to 70 ° C.
The reaction pressure is not particularly limited, and is usually 0.5 to 2 atm, preferably 1 atm.
Due to the progress of the reaction, ketones such as acetone are used when a secondary alcohol such as isopropanol is used as a hydrogen donor, and carbon dioxide is used when formic acid is used as a hydrogen donor. Is generated. For efficient progress of the reaction, efficient removal of these products is effective. In particular, the removal of acetone when isopropanol is used as a hydrogen donor is particularly effective for the progress of the reaction.
The reaction time is from 1 hour to 200 hours, usually from 5 hours to 72 hours.
After the reaction, the optically active 1,2-diol produced from the reaction solution can be separated and purified by generally known operations such as distillation, extraction, chromatography, and recrystallization.
[0028]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof.
[0029]
Example 1
The synthesis of optically active ruthenium complex (SS-TsDPEN-Ru) [ RuCl 2 (p-cymene)] 2 7.66g and (S, S) into -N-p-toluenesulfonyl-diphenyl ethylenediamine 9.16g and 2-propanol 150ml 7 ml of triethylamine was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. for 1 hour under nitrogen. After cooling with ice, the precipitated crystals were filtered and washed with a 1: 1 mixture of 2-propanol and hexane. Further washing with water and drying under reduced pressure gave 12.6 g (79% yield) of orange crystals (SS-TsDPEN-Ru).
In a 20 ml three-necked flask, 4 ml of DMF was added to a mixed solution of 0.94 ml of formic acid and 3.4 ml of triethylamine, and 1.12 g (10 mM) of 1,2-cyclohexanedione was further added. After the replacement with nitrogen, 32 mg (50 μM) of the above-obtained SS-TsDPEN-Ru was dissolved in 0.5 ml of DMF and added to the reaction solution, and foaming started immediately. The reaction was performed at room temperature for 48 hours. When the reaction solution was analyzed by optically active gas chromatography, the conversion was 99%, the chiral form: meso form was 59:41, and the enantiomeric excess (ee) of the chiral form was 68%. After the completion of the reaction, the mixture was neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid and extracted with 40 ml of dichloromethane. Further, the oil layer was washed with 40 ml of 1N hydrochloric acid and 20 ml of saturated saline. After anhydrous magnesium sulfate was added to the oil layer for dehydration, salts were removed by filtration. The filtrate was concentrated to give 2.91 g of a crude oil. When analyzed by NMR, the oil was 78% DMF and 22% 1,2-cyclohexanediol (chiral form: meso form = 62: 38, ee = 68%).
[0030]
Example 2
To 11 ml of an azeotrope of formic acid and triethylamine (formic acid: triethylamine = 5: 2), 3.7 ml of triethylamine was mixed while cooling, and 5 ml of acetonitrile and 4.3 g (50 mM) of 2,3-butanedione were added thereto. 159 mg (250 μM) of SS-TsDPEN-Ru obtained in Example 1 was added and reacted at 40 ° C. for 24 hours. When the reaction solution was analyzed by optically active gas chromatography, the conversion was 99%, the chiral form: meso form = 72: 28, and the ee of the chiral form was 78%. The reaction mixture was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 4.39 g of a colorless transparent oil. According to the analysis by NMR and optically active gas chromatography, the oil was composed of 67% by weight of 2,3-butanediol, 21% by weight of triethylamine, and 12% by weight of formic acid. = 69: 31, ee of the chiral compound was 79%.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, 1,2-diketone can be asymmetrically reduced to obtain an optically active aliphatic 1,2-diol with a high conversion and a high enantiomeric excess (high ee).
Claims (7)
(式中、R1及びR2の一方は、反応に不活性な置換基を有していても良い芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基または脂肪族炭化水素基を示し、他方は、反応に不活性な置換基を有していてもよい脂肪族炭化水素基を示す。また、R1とR2は互いに結合し又は縮合して環を形成しても良い。)
で表されるジケトンを、周期律表第8族金属化合物と下記一般式(2)
(式中、R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立して、置換基を有していても良いアルキル基、アリール基又は芳香族複素環基を示す。また、R3とR4は互いに結合し又は縮合して環を形成しても良い。R5及びR6はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、低級アルキル基、アシル基、カルバモイル基、チオアシル基、チオカルバモイル基及びアルキル又はハロゲン原子及び低級アルコキシ基より成る群から選ばれたもので置換されていてもよいアリールスルホニル基より成る群から選ばれたものを示す。)で示される不斉配位子とを組み合わせた触媒の存在下、水素供与体で不斉還元することを特徴とする下記一般式(3)
(式中、R1及びR2は、(1)式と同一の意義を有し、*は不斉炭素を表す。)
で示される光学活性1,2−ジオール類の製造方法The following general formula (1)
(In the formula, one of R 1 and R 2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent inert to the reaction, and the other is It represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent which is inert to the reaction, and R 1 and R 2 may be bonded to each other or condensed to form a ring.
Is converted to a group 8 metal compound of the periodic table by the following general formula (2)
(Wherein, R 3 and R 4 each independently represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. In addition, R 3 and R 4 are bonded to each other or R 5 and R 6 may be each independently a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an acyl group, a carbamoyl group, a thioacyl group, a thiocarbamoyl group and an alkyl or halogen atom and a lower alkoxy group A hydrogen donor in the presence of a catalyst in combination with an asymmetric ligand represented by the group consisting of an arylsulfonyl group which may be substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of: General formula (3) characterized by asymmetric reduction with
(In the formula, R 1 and R 2 have the same meaning as in formula (1), and * represents an asymmetric carbon.)
For producing optically active 1,2-diols represented by formula
ても良いアルキル基、アリール基又は芳香族複素環基を示す。)The method for producing an optically active 1,2-diol according to claim 1, wherein the asymmetric ligand has a structure represented by the following general formula (4).
ゲン原子もしくは低級アルコキシ基で置換されていてもよいフェニル基を示し、RA phenyl group which may be substituted with a gen atom or a lower alkoxy group; 99 及びas well as
RR 10Ten はそれぞれ独立してアルキル基、芳香族複素環基又は低級アルキル基、ハロゲン原子もしくは低級アルコキシ基で置換されていてもよいフェニル基を示すことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の光学活性1,2−ジオール類の製造方法。Each independently represents an alkyl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a lower alkyl group, a halogen atom or a lower alkoxy group. A method for producing 2-diols.
(式中、R 1 及びR 2 の一方は芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基または脂肪族炭化水素基を示し、他方は脂肪族炭化水素基を示す。なお、これらの基には、ハロゲン原子、ハロゲン原子含有置換基、酸素原子含有置換基、窒素原子含有置換基、ケイ素原子含有置換基、硫黄原子含有置換基及びリン原子含有置換基より成る群から選ばれた典型元素含有置換基、及び/又は遷移金属含有置換基が結合していてもよく、またR 1 とR 2 とは互いに結合し又は縮合して環を形成しても良い。)
で表されるジケトンを、周期律表第8族金属化合物と下記一般式(2)
(式中、R 3 およびR 4 はそれぞれ独立して、アルキル基、芳香族複素環基又は低級アルキル基、ハロゲン原子もしくは低級アルコキシ基で置換されていてもよいフェニル基を示す。また、R 3 とR 4 は互いに結合し又は縮合して環を形成しても良い。R 5 及びR 6 はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、低級アルキル基、アシル基、カルバモイル基、チオアシル基、チオカルバモイル基及びアルキル又はハロゲン原子及び低級アルコキシ基より成る群から選ばれたもので置換されていてもよいアリールスルホニル基より成る群から選ばれたものを示す。)で示される不斉配位子とを組み合せた触媒の存在下、水素供与体で不斉還元することを特徴とする下記一般式(3)
(式中、R 1 及びR 2 は、(1)式と同一の意義を有し、*は不斉炭素を表す。)
で示される光学活性1,2−ジオール類の製造方法。 The following general formula (1)
(In the formula, one of R 1 and R 2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and the other represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group. A typical element-containing substituent selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a halogen atom-containing substituent, an oxygen atom-containing substituent, a nitrogen atom-containing substituent, a silicon atom-containing substituent, a sulfur atom-containing substituent and a phosphorus atom-containing substituent And / or a transition metal-containing substituent may be bonded, and R 1 and R 2 may be bonded to each other or condensed to form a ring.)
Is converted to a group 8 metal compound of the periodic table by the following general formula (2)
(Wherein, R 3 and R 4 each independently represent an alkyl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group or a lower alkyl group, a phenyl group which may be substituted by a halogen atom or lower alkoxy group. Further, R 3 And R 4 may be bonded to each other or fused together to form a ring, and R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an acyl group, a carbamoyl group, a thioacyl group, a thiocarbamoyl group Selected from the group consisting of arylsulfonyl groups which may be substituted with those selected from the group consisting of alkyl or halogen atoms and lower alkoxy groups.) Asymmetric reduction with a hydrogen donor in the presence of a catalyst, represented by the following general formula (3):
(In the formula, R 1 and R 2 have the same meaning as in formula (1), and * represents an asymmetric carbon.)
A method for producing an optically active 1,2-diol represented by the formula:
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| CN116655454B (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2025-11-21 | 河南锐博医药科技有限公司 | Synthesis method of cis-1, 4-cyclohexanediol |
| CN119708081B (en) * | 2024-12-24 | 2025-10-17 | 郑州大学 | Cobalt complex and preparation method thereof, and preparation method of2, 4-tetramethyl-1, 3-cyclobutanediol |
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