JP3604197B2

JP3604197B2 - Blow-out device for single-shaft combined power plant

Info

Publication number: JP3604197B2
Application number: JP17965895A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 裕有吉
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp
Priority date: 1995-06-23
Filing date: 1995-06-23
Publication date: 2004-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2019-12-22
Also published as: JPH0914596A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、一軸型コンバインドサイクル発電プラントの建設途上における機器や設備のブローイングアウトを行う一軸型コンバインド発電プラントのブローイングアウト装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一軸型コンバインド発電プラントは、一軸上にガスタービン、蒸気タービン、発電機の順に直結配置したパワートレインと、ガスタービンの排ガスで蒸気を発生させる排熱回収ボイラを有している。そして、蒸気タービンサイクル機器の据付完了段階において、機器や設備のブローイングアウトを行う。これによって、溶接棒やスパッタ等の設備内への混入異物の除去、及び錆等の設備内部発生の異物の除去を行う。
【０００３】
すなわち、このブローイングアウトは、据付完了した蒸気タービンサイクル機器の試運転の前段階で必要とする重要な作業の一つであり、通常、主蒸気配管や再熱蒸気配管の管内フラッシング（ブローイングアウト）を行い、大気への解放（フリーブロー）を実施している。具体的には、高圧主蒸気系統、中圧主蒸気系統、再熱蒸気系統、低圧主蒸気系統に蒸気を供給し、その蒸気により異物を吹き飛ばすようにしてブローイングアウトを行っている。
【０００４】
ここで、ブローイングアウト時に蒸気が管内の異物を吹き飛ばす力は、通常運転時の力と同等以上とすることが基本である。蒸気が管内に残存する異物を吹き払う力は次のように考えることができる。
【０００５】
いま、異物のある管路内の流体の流れについて考えてみる。異物をはさむこの管路の流れの間にはエネルギーの損失は極めて少なく、かつ流体を非圧縮として取り扱えばベルヌーイの定理より、単位体積の流体の有するエネルギーは一般的に（１）式で示される。
【０００６】
ｐ＋γＺ＋（γ／２ｇ）＊Ｖ２＝ｃｏｎｓｔ． …（１）
ここでｐ：一つの流線における圧力
γ：流体の比重量
Ｚ：基準水平面からの高さ
ｇ：重力の加速度
Ｖ：流速
いま、管路内を毎秒Ｑｍ３の流体が流れているとすれば、その流体の有する全エネルギーＰは上式の与えるエネルギーのＱ倍となる。
【０００７】
Ｐ＝Ｑ＊｛ｐ＋γＺ＋（γ／２ｇ）＊Ｖ２｝ …（２）
流体中の物体あるいは流体が充満して流れる管路などの流れにおいては、高さに基づく圧力γＺの項を無視して取扱い、あとでこの分の修正を行えばよい。実際には、気体中にある物体の周りの流れを取り扱う場合は、γＺの項を無視して差支えないから、動力学的作用のみを考えるときは次のように表される。
【０００８】
Ｐ＝Ｑ＊｛ｐ＋（γ／２ｇ）＊Ｖ２｝ …（３）
管路中にある異物の前後の静圧の変化は少ないので、ベルヌーイの定理より静圧を除いたこの気流より利用し得る動力Ｐ、即ち単位体積の気体の有する運動のエネルギーは、動圧（γ／２ｇ）＊Ｖ２にその流量を乗じたものとなるので、（４）式に示すようになる。
【０００９】
Ｐ＝Ｑ＊（γ／２ｇ）＊Ｖ２ …（４）
したがって、気体が管内に残存する異物を吹き払う力Ｆは次式で表される。
【００１０】
Ｆ＝（γ／２ｇ）＊Ａ＊Ｖ２ …（５）
または、
Ｆ＝（８Ａ／ｇ＊π＊Ｄ４）＊Ｗ２＊ｖ …（５）
ここで、Ａ：異物の流れをうける断面積
Ｄ：管の内径
Ｗ：気体の流量
ｖ：気体の比容積
したがって、通常運転時とブローイングアウト時の作用力を比較するにはγ＊Ｖ２又はＷ２＊ｖを比較すれば良いことになる。これらをクリーニングフォース（ＣＦ）と呼んでいる。また、これがブローイングアウト時の運転の目安となる。
【００１１】
次に、蒸気タービンプラントの場合のブローイングアウトについて説明する。図２は、ブローイングアウト時の仮設設備系統を蒸気タービンプラントに付設したものを示している。通常の発電状態では、燃焼ボイラ１で発生した蒸気は高圧主蒸気配管２及び高圧主塞止弁３を介して蒸気タービン４の高圧部４Ａに導かれ、熱エネルギーを機械エネルギーに変換し発電機５を回転させる。そして、高圧部４Ａで仕事を終えた蒸気は、低温再熱蒸気管６を通って再び燃焼ボイラ１に導かれ、再熱されて高温再熱蒸気管７及び再熱蒸気主塞止弁８を通って蒸気タービン４の中圧部４Ｂに導かれる。そして、中圧部４Ｂで仕事を終えた蒸気は蒸気タービン４の低圧部４Ｃに導かれ、復水器９で復水されプレボイラ系機器１０を介して燃焼ボイラ１に戻される。
【００１２】
このような蒸気タービンプラントにおいて、ブローイングアウトを行うにあたっては、点線で示すように仮設蒸気配管１１を取り付け、燃焼ボイラ１から各々の配管系統に蒸気を供給し、操作弁１２、判定用ターゲット１３及びサイレンサ１４を介してその蒸気を大気に放出するようにしている。
【００１３】
すなわち、高圧主蒸気配管２のブローイングアウトは、次にようにして行われる。燃焼ボイラ１で発生した蒸気は、高圧主蒸気管２を通り高圧主塞止弁３に導かれ、仮上蓋より仮設蒸気配管１１ａを通りブローイングアウト判定用ターゲット１２、サイレンサ１４を経て大気に解放される。ここで、ブローイングアウト用に使用される蒸気は復水器９に回収されないので常時補給が必要である。このため復水器９内は真空を保持し補給水内にある溶存酸素を脱気し、プレボイラ系機器１０を通り燃焼ボイラ１に給水される。
【００１４】
一方、高温再熱蒸気配管２のブローイングアウトは、次にようにして行われる。燃焼ボイラ１で発生した蒸気は、ボイラ燃焼器１内の再熱器、高温再熱蒸気管７を通り再熱蒸気主塞止弁８に導かれ、仮上蓋より仮設蒸気配管１１ｂを通りブローイングアウト判定用ターゲット１２、サイレンサー１４を経て大気に解放される。また、低温再熱蒸気管６は燃焼ボイラ１より通常の蒸気の流れと反対方向に蒸気が流れる。蒸気タービン４の高圧部４Ａと低温再熱蒸気管６との取り合い点は、蒸気タービン４の高圧部４Ａ内に蒸気を流さないようにするため止板１５が施工されている。したがって、蒸気は止板１５の上流より仮設蒸気配管１１を通り、ブローイングアウト判定用ターゲット１３、サイレンサー１４を通り大気に解放される。
【００１５】
この場合も、ブローイングアウト用に使用される蒸気は、復水器９に回収されないので常時補給が必要である。このため、復水器９内は真空を保持し補給水内の溶存酸素を脱気し、プレボイラ系機器１０を通り補給水を燃焼ボイラ１に給水する。
【００１６】
次に、一軸型コンバインドサイクル発電プラントの場合のブローイングアウトについて説明する。図３は、ブローイングアウト時の仮設設備系統を一軸型コンバインドサイクル発電プラントに付設したものを示している。通常の発電状態では、排熱回収ボイラ１６はガスタービン１７からの排熱で蒸気を発生し、高圧ドラム１８を通って、その蒸気は高圧主蒸気管２及び高圧蒸気主塞止弁３を介して蒸気タービン４の高圧部に導かれる。また、排熱回収ボイラ１６での低圧蒸気は、低圧ドラム２０を通って、低圧主蒸気管２１及び低圧蒸気主塞止弁２２を介して、蒸気タービン４の低圧部に導かれる。
【００１７】
ガスタービン１７、発電機５、蒸気タービン４は、一軸上に直結配置されパワートレンを形成しており、発電機５と蒸気タービン４との間はフレキシブルカップリング１９で結合されている。したがって、蒸気タービン４は発電機５を駆動し、仕事を終えた蒸気は復水器９で復水されプレボイラ系機器１０を介して排熱回収ボイラ１６に戻される。なお、２３は給水仮配管である。
【００１８】
このような一軸型コンバインドサイクル発電プラントにおいて、ブローイングアウトを行うにあたっては、点線で示すように仮設蒸気配管１１を取り付け、排熱回収ボイラ１６から各々の配管系統に蒸気を供給し、操作弁１２、判定用ターゲット１３及びサイレンサ１４を介してその蒸気を大気に放出するようにしている。
【００１９】
すなわち、高圧主蒸気配管２のブローイングアウトは、次にようにして行われる。フレキシブルカップリング１９で蒸気タービン４のみをパワートレンから切り離し、ガスタービン１７と発電機５とを直結した状態で、排熱回収ボイラ１６で蒸気を発生せしめるためにガスタービン１７を運転する。この場合、復水器９は真空保持して待機する。
【００２０】
また、ブローイングアウト用に使用される蒸気は復水器９には全量回収されないので、常時補給が必要である。このため、復水器９内で補給水内にある溶存酸素酸を脱気し、プレボイラ系機器１０を通り、排熱回収ボイラ１６の給水仮配管２３に給水することになる。
【００２１】
排熱回収ボイラ１６で発生した蒸気は、高圧主蒸気配管２を通り、高圧主塞止弁９に導かれ、仮上蓋より仮設蒸気配管１１ａを通り、ブローイングアウト判定用ターゲット、サイレンサーを経て大気に開放される。
【００２２】
一方、低圧主蒸気配管２１のブローイングアウトは、次にようにして行われる。高圧主蒸気配管２のブローイングアウトの場合と同様に、フレキシブルカップリング１９で蒸気タービン４のみをパワートレンから切り離し、ガスタービン１７と発電機５とを直結した状態で、排熱回収ボイラ１６で蒸気を発生せしめるためにガスタービン１７を運転する。この場合、復水器９は真空保持して待機する。また、ブローイングアウト用に使用される蒸気は復水器９には全量回収されないので、常時補給が必要である。このため、復水器９内で補給水内にある溶存酸素酸を脱気し、プレボイラ系機器１０を通り、排熱回収ボイラ１６の給水仮配管２３に給水することになる。
【００２３】
そして、排熱回収ボイラ１６で発生した低圧蒸気は、低圧主蒸気配管２１を通り、低圧蒸気主塞止弁２２に導かれ、仮上蓋より仮設蒸気配管１１ｂを通り、ブローイングアウト判定用ターゲット１３、サイレンサ１４を経て大気に開放される。
【００２４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、このようなブローイングアウトでは、ブローイングアウトの実施期間が着火直後と限定されることから、フレキシビリテイーのない工程となる。すなわち、フラッシング媒体としての蒸気は、熱源がなければ発生しないためブローイングアウトは必然的に着火以降の実施となる。蒸気タービン側からの要求としては、機器保護の観点から設備内に残存する異物は極力除去した後に運転することが望ましいので、ブローイングアウトの実施が着火以降になることは、その実施時期に対しフレキシビリテーに欠けることとなる。
【００２５】
また、高負荷運転と再アライメント設定が必要となる。基本的には、ブローイングアウト時に蒸気が管内の異物を吹き飛ばす力は、通常運転時の力よりも強くしなければならない。また、ガスタービン１７関連の調整をブローイングアウト開始前に終わらせなければならないが、すべてを終わらせることは困難である。しかし、この様な状態で排熱回収ボイラ１６で必要なクリーニングフォースを得る適切な蒸気条件を作り出すためには、ガスタービン１７の高負荷運転を行わなければならない。図３に示す一軸型コンバインドサイクル発電プラントの場合、ブローイングアウト終了後に、蒸気タービンをパワートレンに接続し、本来のパワートレンとしてのアライメント設定を再度行う必要がある。
【００２６】
さらに、また、ブローイングアウト用の熱平衡線図作成等の準備段階におけるエンジニアリングに多大な労力を要するし、蒸気を大気に解放するため大きな騒音が発生する。近年、環境保全に重点が置かれ建設期間中といえども騒音低減の要求が高まっている。
【００２７】
大気開放箇所には、サイレンサ１４を配置し騒音の低減を計っているが、燃焼ボイラ１を運転するため空気系統内設備も運転を行い、全ての運転機器に対し低騒音を満足するためには多大な費用の負担を要する。
【００２８】
本発明の目的は、ブローイングアウトの実施にフレキシビリテイーを持たせ、しかもアライメント再設定を行う必要がなくエンジニアリングにかかる労力も省力化することができる一軸型コンバインド発電プラントのブローイングアウト装置を得ることである。
【００２９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１の発明は、一軸型コンバインド発電プラントの高圧主蒸気系統、中圧主蒸気系統、再熱蒸気系統、低圧主蒸気系統をブローイングアウトするための圧縮空気を供給する圧縮空気供給設備と、高圧主蒸気系統に圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を供給し蓄圧するための仮設高圧系統配管設備と、中圧主蒸気系統に圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を供給し蓄圧するための仮設中圧系統配管設備と、再熱蒸気系統に圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を供給し蓄圧するための仮設再熱系統配管設備と、低圧主蒸気系統に圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を供給し蓄圧するための仮設低圧系統配管設備と、蓄圧された圧縮空気を大気に放出する圧縮空気放出設備とを備えている。
【００３０】
請求項２の発明は、請求項１の発明において、圧縮空気供給設備は、常設の空気圧縮機設備と、この空気圧縮機設備からの圧縮空気を第１の仮設空気配管を介して受けとるレシーバと、このレシーバからの圧縮空気を昇圧するための昇圧用空気圧縮器と、この昇圧用空気圧縮器からの圧縮空気を第２の仮設空気配管を介して仮設蒸気配管に供給するための供給操作弁とから構成したものである。
【００３１】
請求項３の発明は、請求項２の発明において、圧縮空気放出設備は、仮設蒸気配管の一端に設けられ、高圧主蒸気系統、中圧主蒸気系統、再熱蒸気系統、低圧主蒸気系統に蓄圧された圧縮空気を大気に放出するための操作弁と、ブローイングアウトの判定用ターゲットと、放出される圧縮空気をの騒音を低減させるためのサイレンサーとから構成したものである。
【００３２】
請求項４の発明は、請求項２又は請求項３の発明において、仮設高圧系統配管設備は、仮設蒸気配管から分岐して設けられた高圧系統操作弁から高圧主塞止弁の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管で構成したものである。
【００３３】
請求項５の発明は、請求項２乃至請求項４の発明において、仮設中圧系統配管設備は、仮設蒸気配管から分岐して設けられた中圧系統操作弁から中圧蒸気弁の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管で構成したものである。
【００３４】
請求項６の発明は、請求項２乃至請求項５の発明において、仮設再熱系統配管設備は、仮設蒸気配管から分岐して設けられた第１の再熱系統操作弁から再熱蒸気主塞止弁の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管と、仮設高圧系統配管設備の仮設蒸気配管から分岐した第２の再熱系統操作弁から蒸気タービンの中圧部の下流までの仮設蒸気配管とで構成したものである。
【００３５】
請求項７の発明は、請求項２乃至請求項６の発明において、仮設低圧系統配管設備は、仮設蒸気配管から分岐して設けられた低圧系統操作弁から低圧蒸気弁の上流までの仮設蒸気配管で構成したものである。
【００３６】
【作用】
請求項１の発明においては、ブローイングアウトを蒸気に代えて圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を使用する。まず、高圧主蒸気系統のブローイングアウトにあっては、圧縮空気供給設備から仮設高圧系統配管設備に圧縮空気を供給し、仮設高圧系統配管設備及び高圧主蒸気系統を蓄圧する。その後に、圧縮空気放出設備にて、仮設高圧系統配管設備及び高圧主蒸気系統に蓄圧された圧縮空気を大気に放出する。同様に、仮設中圧系統配管設備及び中圧主蒸気系統を圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気で蓄圧し、圧縮空気放出設備にて蓄圧された圧縮空気を大気に放出する。また、仮設再熱系統配管設備及び再熱蒸気系統を圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気で蓄圧し、圧縮空気放出設備にて蓄圧された圧縮空気を大気に放出する。さらにまた、仮設低圧系統配管設備及び低圧主蒸気系統を圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気で蓄圧し、圧縮空気放出設備にて蓄圧された圧縮空気を大気に放出する。
【００３７】
請求項２の発明においては、請求項１の発明の作用に加え、常設の空気圧縮機設備からの圧縮空気を第１の仮設空気配管を介してレシーバに供給し、このレシーバからの圧縮空気を昇圧用空気圧縮器で昇圧する。そして、昇圧用空気圧縮器からの圧縮空気を第２の仮設空気配管を介して仮設蒸気配管に供給する。仮設蒸気配管への圧縮空気の調整は供給操作弁で行う。
【００３８】
請求項３の発明においては、請求項２の発明の作用に加え、高圧主蒸気系統、中圧主蒸気系統、再熱蒸気系統、低圧主蒸気系統に蓄圧された圧縮空気を操作弁を開して、ブローイングアウトの判定用ターゲット及び放出される圧縮空気をの騒音を低減させるためのサイレンサーを通して、大気に放出する。
【００３９】
請求項４の発明においては、請求項２又は請求項３の発明の作用に加え、仮設蒸気配管から分岐して設けられた高圧系統操作弁から高圧主塞止弁の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管で構成された仮設高圧系統配管設備を介して、圧縮空気を高圧主蒸気系統に供給する。
【００４０】
請求項５の発明においては、請求項２乃至請求項４の発明の作用に加え、仮設蒸気配管から分岐して設けられた中圧系統操作弁から中圧蒸気弁の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管で構成された仮設中圧系統配管設備を介して、圧縮空気を中圧主蒸気系統に供給する。
【００４１】
請求項６の発明においては、請求項２乃至請求項５の発明の作用に加え、仮設蒸気配管から分岐して設けられた第１の再熱系統操作弁から再熱蒸気主塞止弁の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管と、仮設高圧系統配管設備の仮設蒸気配管から分岐した第２の再熱系統操作弁から蒸気タービンの中圧部の下流までの仮設蒸気配管とで構成された仮設再熱系統配管設備を介して、圧縮空気を再熱蒸気系統に供給する。
【００４２】
請求項７の発明においては、請求項２乃至請求項６の発明の作用に加え、仮設蒸気配管から分岐して設けられた低圧系統操作弁から低圧蒸気弁の上流までの仮設蒸気配管で構成された仮設低圧系統配管設備を介して、圧縮空気を低圧主蒸気系統に供給する。
【００４３】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を説明する。図１は、本発明の実施例のブロック構成図である。一軸型コンバインドサイクル発電プラントは、一軸上に、ガスタービン１７、蒸気タービン４、発電機５の順に直結配置したパワートレインと、ガスタービン１７の排ガスで蒸気を発生しその蒸気を蒸気タービン４に供給する排熱回収ボイラ１６とからなる。すなわち、排熱回収ボイラ１６からの高圧蒸気は高圧ドラム１８を通って、高圧主蒸気管２及び高圧蒸気主塞止弁３を介して、蒸気タービン４の高圧部４Ａに供給される。高圧部４Ａで仕事を終えた蒸気は低温再熱蒸気管６を通って排熱回収ボイラ１６に戻され、再度昇温された後、高温再熱蒸気管７及び再熱蒸気主塞止弁８を介して、蒸気タービン４の中圧部４Ｂに導かれ、ここで仕事を終えた蒸気は中圧タービン排気管２４を介して蒸気タービン４の低圧部４Ｃに導かれる。そして、復水器９で復水され復水ポンプ２５及び復水管２６を介して排熱回収ボイラ１６に戻される。
【００４４】
また、排熱回収ボイラ１６で発生した低圧蒸気は、低圧ドラム２０から低圧主蒸気管２７及び低圧蒸気弁２８を介して低温再熱蒸気管６からの蒸気と合流し、再度、排熱回収ボイラ１６に戻される。また、排熱回収ボイラ１６で発生した中圧蒸気は中圧ドラム２９から中圧主蒸気管３０及び中圧蒸気弁３１を通って、中圧タービン排気管２４からの蒸気と合流し、蒸気タービン４の低圧部４Ｃに導かれるようになっている。
【００４５】
このように構成された一軸型コンバインドサイクル発電設備において、本発明では、ブローイングアウトするための圧縮空気を供給する圧縮空気供給設備を設けている。圧縮空気供給設備は、常設の空気圧縮機設備３２と、この空気圧縮機設備３２からの圧縮空気を仮設空気配管３３ａを介して受けとるレシーバ３４と、このレシーバ３４からの圧縮空気を昇圧するための昇圧用空気圧縮器３５と、この昇圧用空気圧縮器３５からの圧縮空気を仮設空気配管３３ｂを介して仮設蒸気配管１１に供給するための供給操作弁３６とから構成されている。
【００４６】
一方、仮設高圧系統配管設備は、仮設蒸気配管１１から分岐した高圧系統操作弁３７から高圧主塞止弁３の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管１１ａで構成され、圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を高圧主蒸気系統に供給し蓄圧する場合に使用される。以下同様に、仮設中圧系統配管設備は、仮設蒸気配管１１から分岐した中圧系統操作弁３８から中圧蒸気弁３１の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管１１ｂで構成され、圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を中圧主蒸気系統に供給し蓄圧する場合に使用される。仮設再熱系統配管設備は、仮設蒸気配管１１から分岐した第１の再熱系統操作弁３９ａから再熱蒸気主塞止弁８の仮上蓋までの仮設蒸気配管１１ｃと、仮設蒸気配管１１ａから分岐した第２の再熱系統操作弁３９ｂから蒸気タービン４の中圧部４Ｂの下流までの仮設蒸気配管１１ｄとで構成され、圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を再熱蒸気系統に供給し蓄圧する場合に使用される。仮設低圧系統配管設備は、仮設蒸気配管１１から分岐した低圧系統操作弁４０から低圧蒸気弁２８の上流までの仮設蒸気配管１１ｄで構成され、圧縮空気供給設備からの圧縮空気を低圧主蒸気系統に供給し蓄圧する場合に使用される。
【００４７】
そして、仮設蒸気配管１１には圧縮空気放出設備が設けられている。この圧縮空気放出設備は、操作弁１２、判定用ターゲット１３、サイレンサー１４から構成され、高圧主蒸気系統、中圧主蒸気系統、再熱蒸気系統、低圧主蒸気系統に蓄圧された圧縮空気を操作弁１２を開することにより大気に放出する。ここで、煙突４１は、排熱回収ボイラ１６で仕事を終えたガスタービン１７の排ガスを放出するための煙突である。
【００４８】
次に、ブローイングアウトの実施について説明する。まず、ブローイングアウトを実施するためには、プラント側前提条件が成立していることが必要である。すなわち、プラント側前提条件として、冷却水（軸受け冷却水、海水）系統運転中であること、復水再循環運転中であること、補助蒸気系統運転中であること、復水器真空保持されていること、制御用空気系統すなわち圧縮空気供給設備が運転中であること、の各条件が満たされていることが必要である。このプラント側前提条件が成立している状態でブローイングアウトの実施を行う。
【００４９】
まず、高圧主蒸気系統のブローイングアウトについて説明する。圧縮空気供給設備の供給操作弁３６は閉にしておく。そして、圧縮空気放出設備の操作弁１２を閉、中圧系統操作弁３８を閉、第１の再熱系統操作弁３９ａ及び第２の再熱系統操作弁３９ｂを閉、低圧系統操作弁４０を閉し、高圧系統操作弁３７を開とする。この状態で、常設の空気圧縮機設備３２及び仮設の昇圧空気圧縮機３５を運転し、供給操作弁３６を開する。
【００５０】
そうすると、仮設空気配管３３を通り仮設蒸気配管１１に圧縮空気が供給される。この場合、仮設蒸気配管１１から分岐して設けられた高圧系統操作弁３７が開となっているので、高圧主蒸気系統の仮設蒸気配管１１ａに圧縮空気が供給され、高圧蒸気主塞止弁３の仮上蓋を通り高圧主蒸気系統の配管を昇圧し蓄圧することになる。つまり、高圧主蒸気系統は規定の圧力で保持され蓄圧された状態となる。この場合の蓄圧範囲は、高圧主蒸気系統として、高圧蒸発器及び高圧ドラム１８、高圧加熱器及び高圧主蒸気管２、高圧蒸気主塞止弁３までと、仮設蒸気配管１１ａとして、高圧蒸気主塞止弁３の仮上蓋を通り操作弁１２までである。そして、ブローイングアウトは操作弁１２を短時間で全閉から全開とし、高圧主蒸気系統に蓄圧された空気を一気に大気に排出する。この蓄圧操作及び放圧操作は、高圧主蒸気系統内部の異物がなくなるまで繰り返される。
【００５１】
次に、中圧主蒸気系統のブローイングアウトについて説明する。圧縮空気供給設備の供給操作弁３６は閉にしておく。そして、圧縮空気放出設備の操作弁１２を閉、高圧系統操作弁３７を閉、第１の再熱系統操作弁３９ａ及び第２の再熱系統操作弁３９ｂを閉、低圧系統操作弁４０を閉し、中圧系統操作弁３８を開とする。この状態で、常設の空気圧縮機設備３２及び仮設の昇圧空気圧縮機３５を運転し、供給操作弁３６を開する。
【００５２】
そうすると、仮設空気配管３３を通り仮設蒸気配管１１に圧縮空気が供給される。この場合、仮設蒸気配管１１から分岐して設けられた中圧系統操作弁３８が開となっているので、中圧主蒸気系統の仮設蒸気配管１１ｂに圧縮空気が供給され、中圧主蒸気系統の配管を昇圧し蓄圧することになる。つまり、中圧主蒸気系統は規定の圧力で保持され蓄圧された状態となる。この場合の蓄圧範囲は、中圧主蒸気系統として、中圧蒸発器及び中圧ドラム２９、中圧加熱器及び中圧主蒸気管３０、中圧蒸気弁３１までと、仮設蒸気配管１１ｂとして、中圧蒸気弁３１の上流より操作弁１２までである。そして、ブローイングアウトは操作弁１２を短時間で全閉から全開とし、中圧主蒸気系統に蓄圧された空気を一気に大気に排出する。この蓄圧操作及び放圧操作は、中圧主蒸気系統内部の異物がなくなるまで繰り返される。
【００５３】
また、再熱蒸気系統のブローイングアウトは、同様に以下のように行われる。まず、圧縮空気供給設備の供給操作弁３６は閉にしておく。そして、圧縮空気放出設備の操作弁１２を閉、高圧系統操作弁３７を閉、中圧系統操作弁３８を閉、低圧系統操作弁４０を閉し、第１の再熱系統操作弁３９ａ及び第２の再熱系統操作弁３９ｂを開とする。この状態で、常設の空気圧縮機設備３２及び仮設の昇圧空気圧縮機３５を運転し、供給操作弁３６を開する。
【００５４】
そうすると、仮設空気配管３３を通り仮設蒸気配管１１に圧縮空気が供給される。この場合、仮設蒸気配管１１から分岐して設けられた第１の再熱系統操作弁３９ａが開となっているので、再熱蒸気系統の仮設蒸気配管１１ｃに圧縮空気が供給され、再熱蒸気主塞止弁８の仮上蓋を通り再熱蒸気系統の配管を昇圧し蓄圧することになる。つまり、再熱蒸気系統は規定の圧力で保持され蓄圧された状態となる。この場合の蓄圧範囲は、仮設蒸気配管１１ｃから再熱蒸気主塞止弁８の仮上蓋を通り高温再熱蒸気配管７、再熱器及び低温再熱蒸気管６、高圧タービン４Ａのバイパス仮設配管１１ｄ、高圧蒸気主塞止弁３の仮上蓋を通り高圧主蒸気管２、高圧過熱器、高圧ドラム１８、高圧蒸発器までである。
【００５５】
そして、ブローイングアウトは操作弁１２を短時間で全閉から全開とし、再熱蒸気系統に蓄圧された空気を一気に大気に排出する。この蓄圧操作及び放圧操作は、再熱蒸気系統内部の異物がなくなるまで繰り返される。
【００５６】
次に、低圧主蒸気系統のブローイングアウトについて説明する。この場合も同様に、圧縮空気供給設備の供給操作弁３６は閉にしておく。そして、圧縮空気放出設備の操作弁１２を閉、高圧系統操作弁３７を閉、中圧系統操作弁３８を閉、第１の再熱系統操作弁３９ａ及び第２の再熱系統操作弁３９ｂを閉し、低圧系統操作弁４０を開とする。この状態で、常設の空気圧縮機設備３２及び仮設の昇圧空気圧縮機３５を運転し、供給操作弁３６を開する。
【００５７】
そうすると、仮設空気配管３３を通り仮設蒸気配管１１に圧縮空気が供給される。この場合、仮設蒸気配管１１から分岐して設けられた低圧系統操作弁４０は開しているので、再熱蒸気系統の仮設蒸気配管１１ｅに圧縮空気が供給され、低圧蒸気弁２８を通り低圧主蒸気系統の配管を昇圧し蓄圧することになる。つまり、低圧主蒸気系統は規定の圧力で保持され蓄圧された状態となる。この場合の蓄圧範囲は、低圧蒸発器及び低圧ドラム２０、低圧過熱器及び低圧主蒸気管２７、低圧蒸気弁２８までと、低圧蒸気弁２７上流より操作弁１２までである。そして、ブローイングアウトは操作弁１２を短時間で全閉から全開とし、低圧主蒸気系統に蓄圧された空気を一気に大気に排出する。この蓄圧操作及び放圧操作は、低圧主蒸気系統内部の異物がなくなるまで繰り返される。
【００５８】
このように、常設の圧縮空気機設備３２と仮設の昇圧用空気圧縮機３５を直列に配置し、フラッシングの媒体として蒸気の替わりに圧縮空気を使用するので、主要設備の調整工程に影響を与えることなく、据付け工事が終了次第ブローイングアウトの実施を可能ならしめる。これにより、工程にフレキシビリテイーを持たせることができる。
【００５９】
また、ガスタービン１７の運転を行わずにフリーブロー操作を行うことができるため、蒸気タービン４を切り離すが必要ない。したがって、ガスタービン１７による高負荷運転もパワートレンのアライメント再設定もフリーブロー運転の理由からは必要なくなる。
【００６０】
そして、ブローイングアウト用の熱平衡線図作成を要せず。また、実施にあたっては、補機の運転も最小限となり準備段階に置けるエンジニアリングにかかる労力は少ない。これにより、早期エンジニアリング段階における錯綜が生じることを防止できる。一方、騒音対策に関しては、基本的には、大気解放のサイレンサー１４により騒音の低減を計る。常設補機の運転は最小限となっているので、騒音の問題は生じない。
【００６１】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、据え付け完了後に主機であるガスタービンや蒸気タービンを運転しなくともブローイングアウトが可能となり、工程面でフレキシビリチイーの幅が拡がる。
【００６２】
また、ブローイングアウト時には、主機であるガスタービンや蒸気タービンを運転しないので、ブローイングアウト時に運転する補機の数が少なく、ブローイングアウトに要する作業量が少なくて済む。したがって、運転員に対する負担が軽減される。さらに、熱平衡線図の作成が不要となり、エンジニアリング量が少なくなり、早期エンジニアリング段階における検討の労力が少なくて済む。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例を示すブロック構成図。
【図２】従来の蒸気タービンプラントでのブローイングアウトの説明図。
【図３】従来の一軸型コンバインドサイクル発電プラントでのブローイングアウトの説明図。
【符号の説明】
１燃焼ボイラ
２高圧主蒸気配管
３高圧主塞止弁
４蒸気タービン
５発電機
６低温再熱蒸気管
７高温再熱蒸気管
８再熱蒸気主塞止弁
９復水器
１０プレボイラ系機器
１１仮設蒸気配管
１２操作弁
１３判定用ターゲット
１４サイレンサー
１５止板
１６排熱回収ボイラ
１７ガスタービン
１８高圧ドラム
１９フレキシブルカップリング
２０低圧ドラム
２１低圧主蒸気管
２２低圧蒸気主塞止弁
２３給水仮配管
２４中圧タービン排気管
２５復水ポンプ
２６復水管
２７低圧主蒸気管
２８低圧蒸気弁
２９中圧ドラム
３０中圧主蒸気管
３１中圧蒸気弁
３２空気圧縮機設備
３３仮設空気配管
３４レシーバ
３５昇圧用空気圧縮器
３６供給操作弁
３７高圧系統操作弁
３８中圧系統操作弁
３９再熱系統操作弁
４０低圧系統操作弁[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a blow-out device for a single-shaft combined power plant that blows out equipment and facilities during the construction of a single-shaft combined cycle power plant.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The single-shaft combined power generation plant has a power train that is directly connected to a gas turbine, a steam turbine, and a generator in this order, and an exhaust heat recovery boiler that generates steam using exhaust gas from the gas turbine. Then, at the stage of completing the installation of the steam turbine cycle equipment, the equipment and the equipment are blown out. As a result, foreign substances mixed into the equipment such as welding rods and spatters and rust and other foreign substances generated inside the equipment are removed.
[0003]
In other words, this blowing out is one of the important operations required before the commissioning of the installed steam turbine cycle equipment, and usually, flushing (blowing out) in the main steam pipe and the reheat steam pipe is performed. And release to the atmosphere (free blow). Specifically, steam is supplied to a high-pressure main steam system, a medium-pressure main steam system, a reheat steam system, and a low-pressure main steam system, and blowing-out is performed so that foreign substances are blown off by the steam.
[0004]
Here, it is fundamental that the force at which the steam blows off the foreign matter in the pipe at the time of blowing out is equal to or more than the force at the time of normal operation. The force by which the steam blows away the foreign matter remaining in the pipe can be considered as follows.
[0005]
Now, consider the flow of a fluid in a conduit with foreign matter. The energy loss is extremely small during the flow of the pipe containing foreign matter, and if the fluid is treated as incompressible, the energy of a unit volume of the fluid is generally expressed by equation (1) according to Bernoulli's theorem. .
[0006]
p + γZ + (γ / 2g) * V2 = const. … (1)
Where p: pressure in one streamline
γ: Specific weight of fluid
Z: Height from reference horizontal plane
g: acceleration of gravity
V: flow velocity
Now, assuming that a fluid of Qm3 flows per second in the pipeline, the total energy P of the fluid is Q times the energy given by the above equation.
[0007]
P = Q * {p + γZ + (γ / 2g) * V2} (2)
In a flow of an object in a fluid or a flow of a pipe filled with the fluid, the term of the pressure γZ based on the height may be ignored and the correction may be performed later. Actually, when dealing with the flow around an object in a gas, the term of γZ can be ignored, and therefore, when only the dynamic action is considered, it is expressed as follows.
[0008]
P = Q * {p + (γ / 2g) * V2} (3)
Since the change in the static pressure before and after the foreign matter in the pipe is small, the power P available from this air flow excluding the static pressure from Bernoulli's theorem, that is, the energy of the motion of a unit volume of gas is the dynamic pressure ( Since (γ / 2g) * V2 is multiplied by the flow rate, it becomes as shown in equation (4).
[0009]
P = Q * (γ / 2g) * V2 (4)
Therefore, the force F by which the gas blows away the foreign matter remaining in the pipe is expressed by the following equation.
[0010]
F = (γ / 2g) * A * V2 (5)
Or
F = (8A / g * π * D4) * W2 * v (5)
Here, A: cross-sectional area subject to foreign matter flow
D: Inner diameter of pipe
W: gas flow rate
v: Specific volume of gas
Therefore, it is sufficient to compare γ * V2 or W2 * v to compare the acting force at the time of normal operation and at the time of blowing out. These are called a cleaning force (CF). This is also a guide for driving during blowing out.
[0011]
Next, blowing out in the case of a steam turbine plant will be described. FIG. 2 shows a temporary facility system at the time of blowing out attached to a steam turbine plant. In a normal power generation state, the steam generated by the combustion boiler 1 is guided to the high-pressure section 4A of the steam turbine 4 via the high-pressure main steam pipe 2 and the high-pressure main closing valve 3, and converts heat energy into mechanical energy to generate electric power. Rotate 5 Then, the steam that has finished its work in the high-pressure section 4A passes through the low-temperature reheat steam pipe 6 and is guided again to the combustion boiler 1, where it is reheated, and the high-temperature reheat steam pipe 7 and the reheat steam main closing valve 8 are moved. The steam turbine 4 is guided to the intermediate pressure section 4B of the steam turbine 4. Then, the steam that has completed the work in the medium pressure section 4B is led to the low pressure section 4C of the steam turbine 4, is condensed in the condenser 9 and returned to the combustion boiler 1 via the pre-boiler system equipment 10.
[0012]
In such a steam turbine plant, when performing blowout, a temporary steam pipe 11 is attached as shown by a dotted line, steam is supplied from the combustion boiler 1 to each pipe system, and an operation valve 12, a determination target 13 and The vapor is released to the atmosphere via the silencer 14.
[0013]
That is, blowing out of the high-pressure main steam pipe 2 is performed as follows. The steam generated in the combustion boiler 1 is guided to the high-pressure main blocking valve 3 through the high-pressure main steam pipe 2, and is released from the temporary upper lid to the atmosphere through the temporary steam pipe 11a, the blowing-out determination target 12, and the silencer 14. You. Here, the steam used for blowing out is not recovered in the condenser 9 and must be constantly replenished. For this reason, the inside of the condenser 9 is maintained in a vacuum, and the dissolved oxygen in the makeup water is degassed. The water is supplied to the combustion boiler 1 through the pre-boiler system equipment 10.
[0014]
On the other hand, the blowing out of the high-temperature reheat steam pipe 2 is performed as follows. The steam generated in the combustion boiler 1 passes through the reheater in the boiler combustor 1 and the high-temperature reheat steam pipe 7 and is guided to the reheat steam main stop valve 8, and blows out from the temporary upper lid through the temporary steam pipe 11b. It is released to the atmosphere via the determination target 12 and the silencer 14. In the low-temperature reheat steam pipe 6, steam flows from the combustion boiler 1 in a direction opposite to a normal steam flow. A stop plate 15 is provided at a connection point between the high-pressure section 4A of the steam turbine 4 and the low-temperature reheat steam pipe 6 to prevent steam from flowing into the high-pressure section 4A of the steam turbine 4. Therefore, the steam is released from the upstream of the stop plate 15 through the temporary steam pipe 11, the blowing-out determination target 13, and the silencer 14 to the atmosphere.
[0015]
Also in this case, since the steam used for blowing out is not recovered in the condenser 9, it is necessary to constantly supply the steam. For this reason, the inside of the condenser 9 maintains a vacuum to deaerate dissolved oxygen in the makeup water, and supplies the makeup water to the combustion boiler 1 through the pre-boiler system device 10.
[0016]
Next, blow-out in the case of a single-shaft combined cycle power plant will be described. FIG. 3 shows a temporary facility system at the time of blowing out attached to a single-shaft combined cycle power plant. In a normal power generation state, the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 generates steam by exhaust heat from the gas turbine 17, passes through the high-pressure drum 18, and the steam passes through the high-pressure main steam pipe 2 and the high-pressure steam main blocking valve 3. To the high pressure section of the steam turbine 4. The low-pressure steam in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 passes through the low-pressure drum 20 and is guided to the low-pressure section of the steam turbine 4 via the low-pressure main steam pipe 21 and the low-pressure steam main closing valve 22.
[0017]
The gas turbine 17, the generator 5, and the steam turbine 4 are directly connected on one axis to form a power train, and the generator 5 and the steam turbine 4 are connected by a flexible coupling 19. Accordingly, the steam turbine 4 drives the generator 5, and the steam that has finished its work is condensed by the condenser 9 and returned to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 via the pre-boiler system device 10. In addition, 23 is a water supply temporary pipe.
[0018]
In such a single-shaft combined cycle power plant, when performing blow-out, a temporary steam pipe 11 is attached as shown by a dotted line, steam is supplied from an exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 to each pipe system, and an operation valve 12, The vapor is released to the atmosphere via the determination target 13 and the silencer 14.
[0019]
That is, blowing out of the high-pressure main steam pipe 2 is performed as follows. Only the steam turbine 4 is disconnected from the power train by the flexible coupling 19, and the gas turbine 17 is operated to generate steam in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 with the gas turbine 17 and the generator 5 directly connected. In this case, the condenser 9 stands by while holding the vacuum.
[0020]
In addition, since the entire amount of steam used for blowing out is not recovered in the condenser 9, it is necessary to constantly supply the steam. For this reason, the dissolved oxygen acid in the makeup water is degassed in the condenser 9, passes through the pre-boiler system equipment 10, and is supplied to the temporary water supply pipe 23 of the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16.
[0021]
The steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 passes through the high-pressure main steam pipe 2, is guided to the high-pressure main stop valve 9, passes through the temporary steam pipe 11 a from the temporary top lid, passes through a blowing-out determination target, a silencer, and then to the atmosphere. Be released.
[0022]
On the other hand, blowing out of the low-pressure main steam pipe 21 is performed as follows. As in the case of blowing out the high-pressure main steam pipe 2, only the steam turbine 4 is separated from the power train by the flexible coupling 19, and the steam turbine 17 is directly connected to the gas turbine 17 and the generator 5. The gas turbine 17 is operated in order to generate the pressure. In this case, the condenser 9 stands by while holding the vacuum. In addition, since the entire amount of steam used for blowing out is not recovered in the condenser 9, it is necessary to constantly supply the steam. For this reason, the dissolved oxygen acid in the makeup water is degassed in the condenser 9, passes through the pre-boiler system equipment 10, and is supplied to the temporary water supply pipe 23 of the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16.
[0023]
Then, the low-pressure steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 passes through the low-pressure main steam pipe 21 and is guided to the low-pressure steam main closing valve 22, passes through the temporary steam pipe 11 b from the temporary upper lid, and blow-out determination targets 13, The air is released to the atmosphere via the silencer 14.
[0024]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a blowing-out process is a process without flexibility, because the period for performing the blowing-out is limited to immediately after ignition. That is, since steam as a flushing medium is not generated without a heat source, blowing out is necessarily performed after ignition. As a request from the steam turbine side, from the viewpoint of equipment protection, it is desirable to operate after removing foreign matter remaining in the equipment as much as possible. You will be lacking in billiards.
[0025]
In addition, high load operation and realignment setting are required. Basically, the force at which the steam blows away foreign matter in the pipe during blowing out must be greater than the force during normal operation. Further, the adjustment related to the gas turbine 17 must be completed before the start of blowing out, but it is difficult to complete all the adjustments. However, in order to create appropriate steam conditions for obtaining the necessary cleaning force in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 in such a state, the gas turbine 17 must be operated at a high load. In the case of the single-shaft combined cycle power plant shown in FIG. 3, after the blowing out is completed, it is necessary to connect the steam turbine to the power train and set the alignment as the original power train again.
[0026]
In addition, a large amount of labor is required for engineering in a preparation stage such as the preparation of a thermal equilibrium diagram for blowing out, and loud noise is generated because the steam is released to the atmosphere. In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for noise reduction even during the construction period with an emphasis on environmental protection.
[0027]
The silencer 14 is placed in the open-to-atmosphere area to reduce noise. However, in order to operate the combustion boiler 1, the equipment in the air system is also operated, and in order to satisfy all the operating equipment with low noise. Requires a great deal of expense.
[0028]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a blowing-out apparatus for a single-shaft combined power generation plant that has flexibility in carrying out blowing-out, and does not require realignment and can save labor for engineering. It is.
[0029]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 provides a compressed air supply facility for supplying compressed air for blowing out a high-pressure main steam system, a medium-pressure main steam system, a reheat steam system, and a low-pressure main steam system of a single-shaft combined power plant, Temporary high-pressure system piping equipment for supplying compressed air from the compressed air supply facility to the high-pressure main steam system and accumulating pressure, and temporary construction for supplying compressed air from the compressed air supply facility to the medium-pressure main steam system and accumulating pressure Supplying compressed air from the compressed air supply system to the low-pressure main steam system, and a temporary reheat system piping system for supplying compressed air from the compressed air supply system to the reheat steam system and accumulating the pressure. A temporary low-pressure piping system for accumulating pressure and a compressed air discharging device for discharging the compressed air to the atmosphere are provided.
[0030]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the compressed air supply equipment includes a permanent air compressor equipment, and a receiver that receives compressed air from the air compressor equipment via a first temporary air pipe. A pressurizing air compressor for pressurizing the compressed air from the receiver, and a supply operation valve for supplying the compressed air from the pressurizing air compressor to a temporary steam pipe via a second temporary air pipe. It is composed of
[0031]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the compressed air discharging equipment is provided at one end of the temporary steam pipe, and is connected to a high-pressure main steam system, a medium-pressure main steam system, a reheat steam system, and a low-pressure main steam system. It is composed of an operation valve for discharging the accumulated compressed air to the atmosphere, a target for determining blowing out, and a silencer for reducing noise of the released compressed air.
[0032]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second or third aspect of the present invention, the temporary high-pressure system piping system includes a temporary high-pressure system operating valve provided from the temporary steam pipe and extending from the temporary high-pressure main closing valve to the temporary upper lid. It is composed of temporary steam piping.
[0033]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the second to fourth aspects of the present invention, the temporary intermediate-pressure piping system includes a medium-pressure system operation valve branched from the temporary steam pipe to a temporary upper lid of the medium-pressure steam valve. Of the temporary steam pipe.
[0034]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the second to fifth aspects of the present invention, the temporary reheating system piping equipment includes a first reheating system operating valve provided by branching from the temporary steam piping. A temporary steam pipe extending from the temporary steam pipe to the temporary upper lid of the stop valve and a temporary steam pipe extending from the second reheating system operation valve branched from the temporary steam pipe of the temporary high-pressure system piping equipment to the downstream of the intermediate pressure section of the steam turbine. Things.
[0035]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the second to sixth aspects, the temporary low-pressure system piping equipment is provided with a temporary steam pipe extending from a low-pressure system operation valve branched from the temporary steam pipe to an upstream of the low-pressure steam valve. It consists of.
[0036]
[Action]
In the invention of claim 1, compressed air from a compressed air supply facility is used in place of steam for blowing out. First, in the blowing out of the high-pressure main steam system, compressed air is supplied from the compressed air supply equipment to the temporary high-pressure system piping equipment to accumulate the pressure in the temporary high-pressure system piping equipment and the high-pressure main steam system. Thereafter, the compressed air discharged from the temporary high-pressure system piping system and the high-pressure main steam system is discharged to the atmosphere by the compressed air discharge facility. Similarly, the temporary intermediate-pressure piping system and the intermediate-pressure main steam system accumulate pressure with compressed air from the compressed air supply facility, and the compressed air accumulated in the compressed air discharge facility is released to the atmosphere. Further, the temporary reheating system piping system and the reheating steam system are pressurized by the compressed air from the compressed air supply device, and the compressed air stored by the compressed air discharging device is discharged to the atmosphere. Still further, the temporary low-pressure system piping system and the low-pressure main steam system are accumulated with compressed air from the compressed air supply system, and the compressed air accumulated in the compressed air discharge facility is released to the atmosphere.
[0037]
In the invention of claim 2, in addition to the operation of the invention of claim 1, compressed air from the permanent air compressor equipment is supplied to the receiver via the first temporary air pipe, and the compressed air from this receiver is supplied to the receiver. The pressure is increased by a pressure air compressor. Then, the compressed air from the booster air compressor is supplied to the temporary steam pipe via the second temporary air pipe. Adjustment of the compressed air to the temporary steam pipe is performed by the supply operation valve.
[0038]
According to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the operation of the second aspect of the invention, the operation valve is opened by opening the compressed air stored in the high-pressure main steam system, the medium-pressure main steam system, the reheat steam system, and the low-pressure main steam system. Then, the blow-out determination target and the released compressed air are discharged to the atmosphere through a silencer for reducing noise.
[0039]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the second or third aspect, a temporary steam pipe from a high-pressure system operation valve branched from a temporary steam pipe to a temporary upper lid of a high-pressure main closing valve is provided. Compressed air is supplied to the high-pressure main steam system through the temporary high-pressure system piping equipment configured as described above.
[0040]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the second to fourth aspects of the present invention, a temporary steam pipe from an intermediate pressure system operation valve branched from the temporary steam pipe to a temporary upper lid of the medium pressure steam valve is provided. Compressed air is supplied to the medium-pressure main steam system through the temporary medium-pressure system piping system configured as described above.
[0041]
According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the functions of the second to fifth aspects, the first reheat system operation valve branched from the temporary steam pipe is used to temporarily operate the reheat steam main closing valve. Temporary reheating composed of a temporary steam pipe to the top lid and a temporary steam pipe from the second reheat system operation valve branched from the temporary steam pipe of the temporary high pressure system piping equipment to the downstream of the middle pressure section of the steam turbine The compressed air is supplied to the reheat steam system through the system piping system.
[0042]
According to the seventh aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the second to sixth aspects of the present invention, a temporary steam pipe is provided from the low-pressure system operation valve branched from the temporary steam pipe to the upstream of the low-pressure steam valve. The compressed air is supplied to the low-pressure main steam system via the temporary low-pressure system piping system.
[0043]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. The single-shaft combined cycle power generation plant is configured such that a gas train 17, a steam turbine 4, and a power generator 5 are directly connected in this order on a single shaft, and a steam is generated from exhaust gas of the gas turbine 17 and the steam is supplied to the steam turbine 4. And a waste heat recovery boiler 16. That is, the high-pressure steam from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 is supplied to the high-pressure section 4 </ b> A of the steam turbine 4 through the high-pressure drum 18 and the high-pressure main steam pipe 2 and the high-pressure steam main closing valve 3. The steam that has finished its work in the high-pressure section 4A is returned to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 through the low-temperature reheat steam pipe 6, and after the temperature is raised again, the high-temperature reheat steam pipe 7 and the main valve of the reheat steam 8 are stopped. Through the intermediate pressure part 4B of the steam turbine 4, and the steam that has completed the work here is guided to the low pressure part 4C of the steam turbine 4 via the intermediate pressure turbine exhaust pipe 24. Then, the water is condensed by the condenser 9 and returned to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 via the condensate pump 25 and the condensate pipe 26.
[0044]
Further, the low-pressure steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 joins with the steam from the low-temperature reheat steam pipe 6 from the low-pressure drum 20 via the low-pressure main steam pipe 27 and the low-pressure steam valve 28, and again, the exhaust heat recovery boiler It is returned to 16. The medium-pressure steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 passes from the medium-pressure drum 29 through the medium-pressure main steam pipe 30 and the medium-pressure steam valve 31, and joins with the steam from the medium-pressure turbine exhaust pipe 24 to form a steam turbine. 4 is guided to the low-pressure section 4C.
[0045]
In the single-shaft combined cycle power generation facility configured as described above, in the present invention, a compressed air supply facility for supplying compressed air for blowing out is provided. The compressed air supply equipment includes a permanent air compressor equipment 32, a receiver 34 for receiving the compressed air from the air compressor equipment 32 through a temporary air pipe 33a, and a pressurized compressed air from the receiver 34. It is composed of a pressurizing air compressor 35 and a supply operation valve 36 for supplying the compressed air from the pressurizing air compressor 35 to the temporary steam pipe 11 via the temporary air pipe 33b.
[0046]
On the other hand, the temporary high-pressure system piping equipment is composed of a temporary steam pipe 11a from the high-pressure system operation valve 37 branched from the temporary steam pipe 11 to the temporary upper lid of the high-pressure main closing valve 3, and supplies compressed air from the compressed air supply equipment. Used to supply and accumulate pressure in the high-pressure main steam system. Similarly, the temporary intermediate pressure system piping equipment is composed of a temporary steam piping 11b from the medium pressure system operating valve 38 branched from the temporary steam piping 11 to a temporary upper lid of the medium pressure steam valve 31, and the temporary intermediate pressure piping from the compressed air supply equipment. It is used when compressed air is supplied to the medium-pressure main steam system to accumulate pressure. The temporary reheat system piping equipment includes a temporary steam pipe 11c from the first reheat system operation valve 39a branched from the temporary steam pipe 11 to a temporary top lid of the reheat steam main closing valve 8, and a branch from the temporary steam pipe 11a. And a temporary steam pipe 11d from the second reheat system operation valve 39b to the downstream of the intermediate pressure portion 4B of the steam turbine 4, and supplies compressed air from the compressed air supply equipment to the reheat steam system to accumulate pressure. Used in case. The temporary low-pressure system piping equipment is composed of a temporary steam pipe 11d from the low-pressure system operation valve 40 branched from the temporary steam pipe 11 to the upstream of the low-pressure steam valve 28, and the compressed air from the compressed air supply equipment is sent to the low-pressure main steam system. Used when supplying and accumulating pressure.
[0047]
The temporary steam pipe 11 is provided with a compressed air discharge facility. This compressed air discharging equipment is composed of an operation valve 12, a target 13 for determination, and a silencer 14, and operates compressed air stored in a high-pressure main steam system, a medium-pressure main steam system, a reheat steam system, and a low-pressure main steam system. When the valve 12 is opened, the air is released to the atmosphere. Here, the chimney 41 is a chimney for discharging the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 17 that has finished its work in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16.
[0048]
Next, the execution of blowing out will be described. First, in order to perform blowing-out, it is necessary that the plant-side preconditions are satisfied. That is, as the plant side preconditions, the cooling water (bearing cooling water, seawater) system operation, the condensate recirculation operation, the auxiliary steam system operation, the condenser vacuum And that the control air system, that is, the compressed air supply facility is operating, must be satisfied. Blowing out is performed in a state where the preconditions on the plant side are satisfied.
[0049]
First, the blowing out of the high-pressure main steam system will be described. The supply operation valve 36 of the compressed air supply equipment is kept closed. Then, the operation valve 12 of the compressed air discharge facility is closed, the intermediate pressure system operation valve 38 is closed, the first reheating system operation valve 39a and the second reheating system operation valve 39b are closed, and the low pressure system operation valve 40 is closed. Close and open the high-pressure system operation valve 37. In this state, the permanent air compressor equipment 32 and the temporary pressurized air compressor 35 are operated, and the supply operation valve 36 is opened.
[0050]
Then, compressed air is supplied to the temporary steam pipe 11 through the temporary air pipe 33. In this case, since the high-pressure system operation valve 37 branched from the temporary steam pipe 11 is open, compressed air is supplied to the temporary steam pipe 11a of the high-pressure main steam system, and the high-pressure steam main blocking valve 3 is opened. Then, the piping of the high-pressure main steam system passes through the temporary top lid and is pressurized and accumulated. That is, the high-pressure main steam system is maintained at a specified pressure and stored. In this case, the pressure accumulation range includes a high-pressure main steam system as a high-pressure evaporator and high-pressure drum 18, a high-pressure heater and high-pressure main steam pipe 2, a high-pressure steam main closing valve 3, and a temporary steam pipe 11a as a high-pressure main steam system. It extends to the operation valve 12 through the temporary upper lid of the closing valve 3. Then, in the blowing out, the operation valve 12 is completely closed to fully opened in a short time, and the air stored in the high-pressure main steam system is discharged to the atmosphere at a stretch. The pressure accumulating operation and the pressure releasing operation are repeated until there is no foreign matter in the high-pressure main steam system.
[0051]
Next, the blowing out of the medium pressure main steam system will be described. The supply operation valve 36 of the compressed air supply equipment is kept closed. Then, the operation valve 12 of the compressed air discharge facility is closed, the high-pressure system operation valve 37 is closed, the first reheating system operation valve 39a and the second reheating system operation valve 39b are closed, and the low-pressure system operation valve 40 is closed. Then, the intermediate pressure system operation valve 38 is opened. In this state, the permanent air compressor equipment 32 and the temporary pressurized air compressor 35 are operated, and the supply operation valve 36 is opened.
[0052]
Then, compressed air is supplied to the temporary steam pipe 11 through the temporary air pipe 33. In this case, since the intermediate-pressure system operation valve 38 provided branched from the temporary steam pipe 11 is open, compressed air is supplied to the temporary steam pipe 11b of the medium-pressure main steam system, and The pressure of the pipe is increased and accumulated. That is, the intermediate-pressure main steam system is maintained at a specified pressure and stored. The pressure accumulation range in this case is as follows: the medium-pressure main steam system, the medium-pressure evaporator and medium-pressure drum 29, the medium-pressure heater and medium-pressure main steam pipe 30, the medium-pressure steam valve 31, and the temporary steam pipe 11b. The range from the upstream of the medium-pressure steam valve 31 to the operation valve 12. Then, in the blowing out, the operation valve 12 is completely closed to fully opened in a short time, and the air stored in the intermediate-pressure main steam system is discharged to the atmosphere at a stretch. The pressure accumulating operation and the pressure releasing operation are repeated until there is no foreign matter in the medium-pressure main steam system.
[0053]
The blowing out of the reheat steam system is performed similarly as follows. First, the supply operation valve 36 of the compressed air supply equipment is closed. Then, the operation valve 12 of the compressed air discharge facility is closed, the high-pressure system operation valve 37 is closed, the medium-pressure system operation valve 38 is closed, the low-pressure system operation valve 40 is closed, and the first reheat system operation valve 39a and the The second reheating system operation valve 39b is opened. In this state, the permanent air compressor equipment 32 and the temporary pressurized air compressor 35 are operated, and the supply operation valve 36 is opened.
[0054]
Then, compressed air is supplied to the temporary steam pipe 11 through the temporary air pipe 33. In this case, since the first reheating system operation valve 39a branched from the temporary steam piping 11 is open, compressed air is supplied to the temporary steam piping 11c of the reheating steam system, and the reheating steam is supplied. The pressure of the pipe of the reheat steam system passes through the temporary upper lid of the main closing valve 8 and is accumulated. That is, the reheat steam system is maintained at the specified pressure and stored. In this case, the pressure accumulation range is as follows. 11d, through the temporary upper lid of the high-pressure steam main closing valve 3, the high-pressure main steam pipe 2, the high-pressure superheater, the high-pressure drum 18, and the high-pressure evaporator.
[0055]
Then, in the blowing out, the operation valve 12 is changed from the fully closed state to the fully opened state in a short time, and the air stored in the reheat steam system is discharged to the atmosphere at a stretch. The pressure accumulating operation and the pressure releasing operation are repeated until there is no foreign matter in the reheat steam system.
[0056]
Next, the blowing out of the low-pressure main steam system will be described. In this case as well, the supply operation valve 36 of the compressed air supply equipment is closed. Then, the operation valve 12 of the compressed air discharging equipment is closed, the high pressure system operation valve 37 is closed, the intermediate pressure system operation valve 38 is closed, and the first reheat system operation valve 39a and the second reheat system operation valve 39b are closed. Close and open the low pressure system operation valve 40. In this state, the permanent air compressor equipment 32 and the temporary pressurized air compressor 35 are operated, and the supply operation valve 36 is opened.
[0057]
Then, compressed air is supplied to the temporary steam pipe 11 through the temporary air pipe 33. In this case, since the low-pressure system operation valve 40 branched from the temporary steam pipe 11 is open, compressed air is supplied to the temporary steam pipe 11 e of the reheat steam system, The pressure in the steam system piping is increased and accumulated. That is, the low-pressure main steam system is maintained at the specified pressure and stored. In this case, the pressure accumulation range includes the low-pressure evaporator and low-pressure drum 20, the low-pressure superheater and low-pressure main steam pipe 27, the low-pressure steam valve 28, and the operation valve 12 from the upstream of the low-pressure steam valve 27. Then, in the blowing out, the operation valve 12 is completely closed to fully opened in a short time, and the air stored in the low-pressure main steam system is discharged to the atmosphere at a stretch. The pressure accumulating operation and the pressure releasing operation are repeated until there is no foreign matter in the low-pressure main steam system.
[0058]
As described above, since the permanent compressed air equipment 32 and the temporary pressurized air compressor 35 are arranged in series, and the compressed air is used instead of steam as a flushing medium, the adjustment process of the main equipment is affected. Without making installation work possible, blowout will be possible as soon as the installation work is completed. This allows the process to have flexibility.
[0059]
Further, since the free blow operation can be performed without operating the gas turbine 17, it is not necessary to disconnect the steam turbine 4. Therefore, neither the high load operation by the gas turbine 17 nor the resetting of the power train is necessary for the reason of the free blow operation.
[0060]
And no need to create a thermal equilibrium diagram for blowing out. In implementation, the operation of auxiliary equipment is minimized, and the engineering effort in the preparation stage is small. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of confusion in the early engineering stage. On the other hand, as for noise countermeasures, the noise is basically reduced by the silencer 14 which is open to the atmosphere. Since the operation of the permanent auxiliary equipment is minimized, there is no noise problem.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to blow out without operating the main gas turbine or steam turbine after the installation is completed, and the flexibility of the process is expanded.
[0062]
Further, since the main gas turbine and the steam turbine are not operated at the time of blowing out, the number of auxiliary machines to be operated at the time of blowing out is small, and the amount of work required for blowing out is small. Therefore, the burden on the operator is reduced. Further, it is not necessary to create a thermal equilibrium diagram, the amount of engineering is reduced, and the labor for study in the early engineering stage is reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of blowing out in a conventional steam turbine plant.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of blowing out in a conventional single-shaft combined cycle power plant.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Combustion boiler
2 High-pressure main steam piping
3 High pressure main stop valve
4 Steam turbine
5 Generator
6 Low temperature reheat steam pipe
7 High-temperature reheat steam pipe
8 Reheat steam main stop valve
9 condenser
10 Pre-boiler equipment
11 Temporary steam piping
12 Operating valve
13 Target for judgment
14 Silencer
15 Stop plate
16 Waste heat recovery boiler
17 Gas turbine
18 High pressure drum
19 Flexible coupling
20 Low pressure drum
21 Low-pressure main steam pipe
22 Low pressure steam main stop valve
23 Temporary water supply piping
24 Medium-pressure turbine exhaust pipe
25 Condensate pump
26 Condenser
27 Low-pressure main steam pipe
28 Low pressure steam valve
29 Medium pressure drum
30 Medium-pressure main steam pipe
31 Medium pressure steam valve
32 Air compressor equipment
33 Temporary air piping
34 receiver
35 Air compressor for boosting
36 Supply operation valve
37 High pressure system operation valve
38 Intermediate pressure system operation valve
39 Reheat system operation valve
40 Low pressure system operation valve

Claims

A high-pressure main steam system, a medium-pressure main steam system, a reheat steam system, and a compressed air supply system for supplying compressed air for blowing out a low-pressure main steam system of a single-shaft combined power plant; Temporary high-pressure system piping for supplying compressed air from the compressed air supply facility and accumulating pressure, and temporary medium-pressure system piping for supplying compressed air from the compressed air supply facility to the medium-pressure main steam system and accumulating pressure Equipment, a temporary reheat system piping system for supplying compressed air from the compressed air supply system to the reheat steam system and accumulating pressure, and supplying compressed air from the compressed air supply system to the low-pressure main steam system A single-shaft combined power generation plan, comprising: a temporary low-pressure system piping system for accumulating pressure and a compressed air discharging device for discharging the stored compressed air to the atmosphere. Blowing-out device.

The compressed air supply equipment includes a permanent air compressor equipment, a receiver that receives compressed air from the air compressor equipment via a first temporary air pipe, and a pressure booster that boosts the compressed air from the receiver. And a supply operation valve for supplying compressed air from the pressure air compressor to the temporary steam pipe via a second temporary air pipe. Blowing-out device for a single-shaft combined power plant according to Item 1.

The compressed air discharging equipment is provided at one end of the temporary steam pipe, and compresses compressed air stored in the high-pressure main steam system, the medium-pressure main steam system, the reheat steam system, and the low-pressure main steam system into the atmosphere. The single-shaft combined power generation according to claim 2, comprising: an operating valve for discharging, a target for determining blowing out, and a silencer for reducing noise of the released compressed air. Plant blowing out equipment.

The said temporary high pressure system piping installation is a temporary steam piping from the high pressure system operation valve provided by branching from the said temporary steam piping to the temporary upper lid of a high pressure main closing valve, The Claim 2 or Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. 4. The blowing-out device for a single-shaft combined power plant according to 3.

The said temporary intermediate-pressure system piping installation is temporary steam piping from the intermediate-pressure system operation valve branched from the said temporary steam piping to the temporary upper lid of a medium-pressure steam valve, The Claims 2 thru | or Claims characterized by the above-mentioned. Item 5. A blowing-out device for a single-shaft combined power plant according to Item 4.

The temporary reheating system piping equipment includes: a temporary steam piping from a first reheating system operating valve branched from the temporary steam piping to a temporary top lid of a reheating steam main closing valve; and the temporary high pressure system. The temporary steam pipe extending from the second reheat system operation valve 40 branched from the temporary steam pipe of the piping facility to a downstream of the intermediate pressure section of the steam turbine, according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein Blow-out equipment for single-shaft combined power plants.

The said temporary low pressure system piping equipment is a temporary steam piping from the low pressure system operation valve provided from the said temporary steam piping to the upstream of a low pressure steam valve, The Claims 2 thru | or 6 characterized by the above-mentioned. Blow-out device for single-shaft combined power plant.