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JP3604522B2 - Heat treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents
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JP3604522B2 - Heat treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Heat treatment method and apparatus Download PDF

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JP3604522B2
JP3604522B2 JP33036596A JP33036596A JP3604522B2 JP 3604522 B2 JP3604522 B2 JP 3604522B2 JP 33036596 A JP33036596 A JP 33036596A JP 33036596 A JP33036596 A JP 33036596A JP 3604522 B2 JP3604522 B2 JP 3604522B2
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substrate
mounting table
wafer
heat treatment
processed
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JPH1083965A (en
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治憲 牛川
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Tokyo Electron Ltd
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Tokyo Electron Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱処理方法及びその装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
半導体ウエハ(以下「ウエハ」という)の製造プロセス中にCVD処理や酸化処理等の熱処理があり、この処理に用いられる従来の枚葉式CVD装置は例えば図9に示すように構成されている。この装置は、処理室11内に、抵抗発熱線12を例えば図10に示すようなパタ−ンで配線してなるセラミックヒ−タにより構成された載置台13と、これに対向するようにガス供給部14とを配置し、ゲ−トバルブ15を介して図示しない搬送ア−ムにより搬入したウエハWを、予め載置台13から突出させておいた図示しないプッシュピンに受け渡し、このプッシュピンを降下させることにより、ウエハWを載置台13上に載置するように構成されている。
【0003】
このような装置では、ウエハWを載置台13上に載置した状態でセラミックヒ−タからの熱伝導により所定温度に加熱し、処理室11内を排気管16により真空排気して所定の圧力に維持しながら、処理ガスをガス供給部14から供給してCVD処理を行ない、ウエハWの表面に所定の薄膜を形成していた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとしている課題】
しかしながら上述の装置では、載置台13はセラミックヒ−タにより構成され、抵抗発熱線12の配線パタ−ンに応じた温度分布がセラミック体により緩和されるとはいっても載置面上には多少の温度分布が生じる。そしてウエハWは載置台13上に載置されて載置面と面接触していることから載置面上の温度分布パタ−ンがウエハWに転写されてしまい、このためウエハ面内の温度のばらつきが大きくなる。この結果膜厚の面内均一性が悪下してしまい、今後パタ−ンの微細化に伴って膜厚についてもより一層の面内均一性が要求されることから、歩留まりの低下を招くおそれがある。
【0005】
またウエハWを載置台13に載置した状態でCVD処理を行なうと、ウエハWの外周縁部と載置面との接触部分にも薄膜が形成されてしまうため、CVD処理後ウエハWを載置台13からプッシュピンにて押し上げる際、ウエハWと載置台13とに亘って連続して形成された薄膜が剥がれて、パ−ティクルの原因になるという問題もあった。
【0006】
一方載置面の温度分布のウエハへの影響を緩和すると共に、パ−ティクルの発生を抑えるために、プッシュピンによりウエハWを搬送ア−ムから受け取った後、そのままウエハWを載置面から浮上させて載置台13からの輻射熱により処理温度まで加熱して、CVD処理を行なうことも考えられるが、このようにするとウエハWが搬送ア−ムによる受け渡しに必要な間隔だけ載置面から浮いているので、ヒ−タの消費電力が大きくなる上、昇温スピ−ドが遅くなり、処理効率が悪くなってしまう。
【0007】
またポリシリコン膜の上に他の膜を付ける場合、一般的に成膜前にフッ酸(HF)溶液により洗浄を行えば、自然酸化膜の除去を行なうことができるなどの利点があるが、枚葉処理装置によりSiO膜の上にポリシリコン膜を形成した場合にはHF洗浄が困難であった。即ちウエハWの裏面側においては、載置台とウエハWとの隙間から入り込んだ成膜ガスにより成膜されることになるが、前記隙間から入り込める成膜ガスの量は非常に少ないため、ウエハWの裏面側全体にポリシリコン膜が形成されにくく、また形成されたとしてもウエハWの裏面側の中央部でのポリシリコン膜の膜厚は極めて薄いものとなる。
【0008】
このため裏面側のポリシリコン膜がフッ酸により破れてしまいSiO膜に接してしまう。SiO膜はフッ酸溶液に耐えられないため、SiO膜が破れて、その破れた隙間からフッ酸溶液が入り込む。そしてフッ酸がSiO膜とSiとの間に沿って表面側まで回り込み、これによりSiO膜がSiから引き剥がされ、この結果SiO膜がポリシリコン膜と共に裏面側から表面側に亘って剥がれてしまうことがある。
【0009】
本発明は、このような事情の下になされたものであり、その目的は、膜厚の面内均一性を向上させることのできる熱処理方法及びその装置を提供することにある。また本発明の他の目的は、被処理基板の裏面側にも薄膜を形成することができる熱処理方法及び装置を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、被処理基板を処理室内に搬入して抵抗発熱体を備えた載置台の載置面に載置し、前記抵抗発熱体により加熱する工程と、次いで前記被処理基板を前記抵抗発熱体により加熱する工程と、その後前記被処理基板を前記載置台から僅かに浮上させて載置台からの輻射熱により加熱しながら、処理ガスを処理室内に供給して当該被処理基板に対して熱処理を行なう工程とを備えたことを特徴とする。
【0011】
処理ガスを処理室内に供給して被処理基板に対して熱処理を行なう工程は例えば成膜ガスを処理室内に供給して当該被処理基板の表面及び裏面に例えばポリシリコンからなる薄膜を形成する工程である
【0012】
このような熱処理は、処理室内に設けられ、抵抗発熱体を備えた載置台と、この載置台の載置面から埋没した位置に待機し、被処理基板の裏面を保持して当該被処理基板を載置台上と載置台から浮上させた位置との間で昇降させる昇降部と、被処理基板を保持して処理室と外部との間を搬送し、前記昇降部との間で被処理基板の受け渡しを行う搬送手段とを備え、被処理基板を前記抵抗発熱体により加熱しながら、処理ガスにより処理する熱処理装置において実施される。
【0013】
前記昇降部は、前記搬送手段との間で被処理基板の受け渡しを行う第1の位置及び、この第1の位置と前記載置台の載置面との間の第2の位置にて停止できるように構成され、前記搬送手段から受け取った被処理基板を、載置台の載置面に載置して前記抵抗発熱体により加熱し、次いで当該被処理基板を載置台から第2の位置に浮上させて載置台からの輻射熱により加熱しながら熱処理が行われる。ここで昇降部を例えば複数の昇降ピンにより構成し、昇降ピンのうちの少なくとも1つに温度測定端子を設けた場合には、被処理基板を載置台から浮上させて熱処理を行なう場合であっても、被処理基板の温度を制御することができる。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施の形態について説明する。図1は本発明の熱処理方法を実施する熱処理装置の一形態を示す断面図である。図中2は気密構造の処理室であり、この処理室2の一側壁面には後述するロ−ドロック室との間を気密にシ−ルするゲ−トバルブ21、22が設けられると共に、処理室の底面には真空ポンプ24が介設された排気管23が接続されている。
【0015】
処理室2内の底面中央部には、例えば円柱状の載置台3が設けられており、この載置台3は、セラミック体の中に加熱部例えば抵抗発熱体31が内蔵されたセラミックヒ−タとして構成されている。またこの載置台3には、例えば夫々3本の昇降ピンからなる第1の昇降ピン4(41、42、43)と第2の昇降ピン5(51、52、53)の2組の昇降ピンが、例えば図2に示すように、載置台3の載置面を周方向に6等分する位置に、1つ置きに同じ組のピンが配置されるように設けられている。
【0016】
これら第1の昇降ピン4と第2の昇降ピン5とは昇降部をなすものであり、夫々制御部Cの制御信号に基づいて、昇降機構例えばエアシリンダ4a、5aにより独立に昇降するように構成される。即ち各組をなす3本の昇降ピン41、42、43(51、52、53)は同時にかつこれらの組の間では異なるタイミングで昇降する。そしてこれら第1及び第2の昇降ピン4、5は、通常は載置台3の載置面から埋没した位置に待機しているが、昇降ピンが上昇したときには、載置面から突出してウエハWの裏面を保持するように構成されている。
【0017】
また第1の昇降ピン4と第2の昇降ピン5とは、突出したときの先端部の位置が異なるように構成されており、第1の昇降ピン4は、後述する搬送ア−ムとの間でウエハWの受け渡しを行う位置である第1の位置まで突出し、第2の昇降ピン5はウエハWの熱処理を行う位置である第2の位置まで突出するように構成されている。ここで第2の位置は第1の位置と載置面との間に位置しており、例えば第1の位置は載置面から4〜5mm浮上した位置であり、第2の位置は載置面から1〜2mm浮上した位置である。
【0018】
処理室2の上部には、載置台3と対向するようにガス供給部6が設けられている。このガス供給部6は、多数のガス噴射孔61が形成されたガス拡散部60を備えており、例えばガス供給管62、63から夫々送られる処理ガスをガス噴射孔61から別々に処理室2内に供給するように構成されている。また処理室2の一側壁面には、ゲ−トバルブ21を介してロ−ドロック室7が接続されており、この内部にはウエハWの搬送手段をなす搬送ア−ム71が設けられている。図中72はロ−ドロック室7と大気中との間に介在するゲ−トバルブである。なお図1では便宜上省略したが、ゲ−トバルブ22側にも同様にロ−ドロック室が設けられている。
【0019】
次に上述の実施の形態の作用について、例えばSiO膜を形成したウエハに対して、例えばモノシランガス(SiH)及びフォスフィンガス(PH)を処理ガス(成膜ガス)として用いて、リンがド−プされたポリシリコン膜を成膜する場合を例にして述べる。先ず図3(a)に示すように、搬送ア−ム71によりロ−ドロック室7から処理室2内へウエハWを搬入した後、第1の昇降ピン4をエアシリンダ4aにより載置台3から突出させて、前記第1の位置にて第1の昇降ピン4にウエハWを受け渡す。
【0020】
次いで図3(b)に示すように、第1の昇降ピン4を下降させて、ウエハWを載置台3上に載置する(図3(c)参照)。こうしてウエハWは載置台3上の載置面に面接触し、載置台3(セラミックヒ−タ)からの熱伝導により例えば640℃程度に加熱される。この後図3(d)に示すように第2の昇降ピン5をエアシリンダ5aにより載置台3から突出させて、ウエハWを載置面から前記第2の位置まで浮上させ、この第2の位置で熱処理(成膜処理)を行う。
【0021】
即ち真空ポンプ24により処理室2内を真空排気して例えば10Torrの圧力に維持しながらガス供給管62、63よりガス供給部6を介して、夫々SiHガス及びPHガスを例えば流量200cc/分及び10cc/分で処理室2内に導入すると共に、載置台3からの輻射熱によりウエハWを処理温度この例では640℃に加熱しながら、ウエハW表面にリンがド−プされたポリシリコン膜を形成する。
【0022】
続いて図3(e)に示すように、第1の昇降ピン4を上昇させてウエハWを第2の昇降ピン5から第1の昇降ピン4へ受け渡し、ウエハWを前記第1の位置まで押し上げると共に第2の昇降ピン5を降下させ、第1の位置でウエハWを搬出側の搬送ア−ム73に受け渡す。そしてこの搬送ア−ム73によりウエハWを処理室2から図示しない搬出側のロ−ドロック室に搬出する。
【0023】
このような実施の形態によれば、ウエハWを処理室2内に搬入した後処理温度まで加熱する工程は、ウエハWを載置台3に載置して、つまり面接触して行なうので、ウエハWは載置台3からの熱伝導により加熱され、従ってウエハWは処理温度まで早いスピ−ドで昇温する。仮に既述したようにウエハWを載置台3に接触させないで加熱すると昇温スピ−ドが遅くなり、例えばウエハWを640℃程度に加熱する場合には、ウエハWを載置台3上で加熱する方が、第2の位置で加熱する場合に比べて約30秒速くなる。
【0024】
そしてウエハWの熱処理は、第1の昇降ピン4と搬送ア−ム71との間のウエハWの受け渡しの位置よりも低い、載置台3より僅かに浮上した位置にて載置台3とは接触させないで行うので、熱処理時はウエハWは載置台3からの輻射熱のみで加熱される。従ってウエハW側では、抵抗発熱体31の形状に対応して載置台3の載置面に形成される温度分布パタ−ンがなまされるため、載置台3に接触させて熱処理を行なった場合に比べて、前記温度分布の影響が緩和されるので、ウエハの面内温度均一性が高くなって、これにより膜厚について高い面内均一性が得られ、歩留まりが向上する。
【0025】
さらにウエハWを載置台3から浮上させて熱処理を行なうと、ウエハWの外周縁部と載置部3上面とに亘って連続した薄膜が形成されることがほとんど起らないため、ウエハWを載置台3から第1の昇降ピン4にて押し上げる際に、上述の連続した薄膜が剥がれることにより発生するパ−ティクルを極めて少なくすることができる。
【0026】
さらにまたウエハWを載置台3から浮上させて熱処理を行なうと、処理ガスがウエハWの外周縁部から裏面側に回り込み、ウエハWの表面側、外周縁部のみならず裏面側にもポリシリコンが成膜され、ウエハWの裏面側では周縁部よりは膜厚が薄いながら中央部にもある程度の厚さのポリシリコン膜が形成される。この様子を図4に示すと、熱処理によりウエハWのSiO膜の上にポリシリコン膜が形成され、ウエハWの表面全体がポリシリコン膜で覆われた状態となる。
【0027】
このようにウエハWの裏面側に所定の厚さでポリシリコン膜が形成されると、ゲッタリング効果を得ることができる。また次工程でフッ酸溶液による洗浄処理を行なう場合にも、ポリシリコン膜はある程度の厚さであればフッ酸溶液に耐えられるため、ウエハWの裏面側のポリシリコン膜がフッ酸溶液より侵されて破れてしまうことはなく、ポリシリコン膜で保護された状態でフッ酸溶液により自然酸化膜を除去することができる。
【0028】
ここで図5は上述の洗浄処理が実施される洗浄装置の一例を示す図であり、ウエハWは保持具94に搭載されて、例えば0.5%フッ酸溶液(HF)で満たされた洗浄槽91内に所定時間浸漬され、その後純水でリンスされる。なお図5中92は越流部、Pはポンプ、93は整流板である。
【0029】
上述の熱処理装置において、熱処理を行う位置はウエハWを載置台3の載置面から1〜2mm浮上させた位置であることが望ましい。あまり載置台3に近くなるとウエハWの外周縁部から載置台3の載置面に亘って薄膜が形成され、逆に載置台3から遠くなると熱処理時の昇温スピ−ドが遅くなり、また載置台3のヒ−タの消費電力を大きくしなければならなくなるからである。
【0030】
以上において、本実施の形態では、第1の昇降ピン4と第2の昇降ピン5との2組の昇降ピンにより、ウエハWが載置台3上の載置面と、前記第1の位置及び第2の位置をとり得るようにしたが、例えば3本からなる1組の昇降ピンをボ−ルネジ機構からなる昇降機構により昇降させ、前記第1の位置と第2の位置とで夫々停止させるように構成して昇降部としてもよい。
【0031】
次に図6に本発明の他の実施の形態の要部を示す。この実施の形態では昇降部は、昇降機構82により昇降され、その一部に搬送ア−ム71が進入するための切欠が形成された載置台3よりも一回り大きい昇降リング8に、その内方側に伸び出すように例えば4本の保持ア−ム81を設けて構成されている。そして載置台3上面には、前記保持ア−ム81に対応する位置に溝部32が形成されており、昇降リング8が降下したときには、保持ア−ム81が載置台3の溝部32に埋没するように構成されている。
【0032】
このような実施の形態では、通常は保持ア−ム81が載置台3の溝部32に埋没するように昇降リング8を配置しておき、搬送ア−ム71からウエハWを受け取る際には昇降リング8を前記第1の位置まで上昇させて、保持ア−ム81にてウエハWを保持する。そして昇降リング81を降下させてウエハWを載置台3上の載置面に載置して、所定温度まで加熱した後、再び昇降リング8を前記第2の位置まで上昇させてウエハWの熱処理を行う。また本実施の形態においては、昇降リング8に切欠を形成せず、載置台3の上面から図示しない昇降ピンを突出させる構成として、一旦搬送ア−ム71から昇降ピンにウエハWを受け渡した後に、ここから保持ア−ム81にウエハWを受け渡すようにしてもよい。
【0033】
ここで実際に、成膜処理を載置台からウエハWを浮上させて行った場合とウエハWを載置台に載置して行った場合とについて、ウエハWの裏面側のポリシリコン膜の膜厚を比較した。成膜処理は、処理室内を1000Paの圧力に維持しながら、SiH,PH,N,BNガスを例えば夫々400,32,568,500cc/分の流量で導入すると共に、ウエハWを例えば640℃に加熱して、ウエハW表面にリンがド−プされた厚さ1110オングストロームのポリシリコン膜を形成する処理とした。
【0034】
上述の成膜処理後、図7に示すように、ウエハWの裏面側の周縁部側の位置Aと中央部の位置Bとについてポリシリコン膜の膜厚を測定したところ、浮上させて行った場合には(図7(a)参照)、位置Aでは780オングストロ−ム、位置Bでは170オングストロ−ムであり、載置して行った場合(図7(b)参照)には、位置Aでは700オングストロ−ム、位置Bでは68オングストロ−ムであった。また浮上して成膜処理を行ったウエハWに対して0.5%フッ酸溶液で洗浄処理を行ったところ、ポリシリコン膜が剥がれることなく処理を行うことができた。
【0035】
続いて図8に本発明のさらに他の実施の形態の要部を示す。この実施の形態では、第2の昇降ピン5(51、52、53)の少なくとも1つに温度測定端子54が設けられている。温度測定端子54としては例えば熱電対が用いられ、この温度測定端子54は例えば第2の昇降ピン5の先端部に内蔵されている。
【0036】
このような実施の形態では、ウエハWを載置台3の載置面から浮上させて熱処理を行う際にもウエハWの温度を制御することができる。つまり熱処理を行う際にはウエハWは第2の昇降ピン5により第2の位置で支持されているが、この際この第2の昇降ピン5の先端部はウエハWの裏面側に接触しているので、ウエハWの温度が第2の昇降ピン5に内蔵された温度測定端子54により測定され、この値に基づいてウエハWの温度を制御することができる。
【0037】
またウエハWを載置台3の載置面に面接触させて所定温度に加熱する際にも、第2の昇降ピン5を載置台3の載置面から埋没した位置において、ウエハWの裏面側にその先端部が接触するように配置しておくことにより、ウエハWの温度を測定することができるので、この値に基づいてウエハWの温度を制御することができる。
【0038】
以上において本実施の形態では温度測定端子54を複数の昇降ピンに設けるようにしてもよい。また本実施の形態を上述の昇降リング8に適用し、保持ア−ム81に温度測定端子54を設けるようにしてもよい。そして前記温度測定端子54としては、光ファイバの先端部に温度に応じて発光強度が変化する蛍光物質を塗布した構成のものでもよく、この場合光ファイバから送られてきた光により蛍光物質が発光するが、その発光強度が温度に応じて変化するため、発光した光を光ファイバの基端側で受光して強度を検出することができる。
【0039】
なお本発明は、ウエハの裏面に成膜するにあたっては、抵抗発熱体自体を加熱体として直接この上にウエハを載せてもよいし、他の発熱体の上に直接または載置板を介してウエハを載せてもよい。載置板を用いた場合には発熱体と載置板とで加熱体が構成される。またウエハWを載置台3上に載置して処理温度まで昇温させる場合に限らず、処理温度に至る前に第2の位置に浮上させて、この第2の位置で処理温度まで加熱する場合も含むものである。
【0040】
以上において本発明では、上述の成膜プロセスに限らず例えばジクロルシラン(SiHCl)とアンモニア(NH)とを用いてシリコンナイトライド膜(Si)を生成するプロセスにも適用できる。また本発明における熱処理には上述のCVD処理の他、酸化処理やエッチング(裏面エッチングは除かれる)、アッシング等も含まれ、窒素ガスや水素ガスを流しながらアニ−ルを行う場合も含まれる。なお本発明を酸化処理に適用した場合には、酸化処理はウエハの表面温度に律速するので、ウエハの面内温度均一性を高めることにより、酸化膜の面内均一性を向上させることができるという利点が得られる。
【0041】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、被処理基板に対する載置台側の温度分布の影響を緩和して、膜厚について面内均一性の高い熱処理を行なうことができる。また例えばポリシリコン等の成膜処理を行う場合に、被処理基板の裏面側にも薄膜を形成することができる。さらに昇降部に温度測定端子を設けることにより、例えば被処理基板を載置台から浮上させて熱処理を行なう場合にも、被処理基板の温度を制御することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明方法を実施する熱処理装置の一形態を示す断面図である。
【図2】図1の実施の形態における要部を示す斜視図である。
【図3】本発明方法の作用を説明するための説明図である。
【図4】本発明方法によりポリシリコン膜を成膜した場合のウエハWを示す断面図である。
【図5】洗浄装置の一形態を示す断面図である。
【図6】本発明の他の実施の形態の要部を示す断面図である。
【図7】ウエハWの裏面側のポリシリコン膜の膜厚を示す説明図である。
【図8】本発明のさらに他の実施の形態の要部を示す断面図である。
【図9】従来の熱処理装置を示す断面図である。
【図10】載置台に設けられた抵抗発熱線の配線パタ−ンを示す平面図である。
【符号の説明】
2 処理室
3 載置台
31 抵抗発熱体
32 溝部
4 第1の昇降ピン
4a、5a エアシリンダ
5 第2の昇降ピン
54 温度測定端子
6 ガス供給部
7 ロ−ドロック室
71 搬送ア−ム
8 昇降リング
81 保持ア−ム
91 洗浄槽
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat treatment method and an apparatus therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A heat treatment such as a CVD process or an oxidation process is performed during a manufacturing process of a semiconductor wafer (hereinafter, referred to as a “wafer”). A conventional single-wafer CVD apparatus used for this process is configured, for example, as shown in FIG. In this apparatus, a mounting table 13 composed of a ceramic heater in which a resistance heating wire 12 is wired in a pattern as shown in FIG. The wafer W carried in by a transfer arm (not shown) via the gate valve 15 is transferred to a push pin (not shown) which has been projected from the mounting table 13 via the gate valve 15 and the push pin is lowered. Thereby, the wafer W is configured to be mounted on the mounting table 13.
[0003]
In such an apparatus, the wafer W is heated to a predetermined temperature by heat conduction from the ceramic heater in a state where the wafer W is mounted on the mounting table 13, and the inside of the processing chamber 11 is evacuated to a predetermined pressure by an exhaust pipe 16. While maintaining, the processing gas was supplied from the gas supply unit 14 to perform the CVD processing, and a predetermined thin film was formed on the surface of the wafer W.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described apparatus, the mounting table 13 is formed of a ceramic heater, and although the temperature distribution according to the wiring pattern of the resistance heating wire 12 is moderated by the ceramic body, the mounting table 13 has a small amount on the mounting surface. A temperature distribution occurs. Since the wafer W is mounted on the mounting table 13 and is in surface contact with the mounting surface, the temperature distribution pattern on the mounting surface is transferred to the wafer W. Becomes large. As a result, the in-plane uniformity of the film thickness is degraded, and further in-plane uniformity of the film thickness is required as the pattern becomes finer in the future, so that the yield may be reduced. There is.
[0005]
Further, if the CVD process is performed with the wafer W mounted on the mounting table 13, a thin film is also formed at the contact portion between the outer peripheral edge of the wafer W and the mounting surface. When pushing up from the mounting table 13 with a push pin, there is also a problem that a thin film formed continuously over the wafer W and the mounting table 13 is peeled off, which causes particles.
[0006]
On the other hand, in order to alleviate the influence of the temperature distribution on the mounting surface on the wafer and to suppress the generation of particles, after the wafer W is received from the transfer arm by a push pin, the wafer W is directly removed from the mounting surface. It is also conceivable to perform the CVD process by heating the wafer W to the processing temperature by radiating heat from the mounting table 13, but in this case, the wafer W is floated from the mounting surface by an interval necessary for delivery by the transfer arm. As a result, the power consumption of the heater is increased, and the heating speed is slowed down, thereby deteriorating the processing efficiency.
[0007]
In addition, when another film is formed on the polysilicon film, there is an advantage that a natural oxide film can be removed by performing a cleaning with a hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution before the film formation. HF cleaning was difficult when a polysilicon film was formed on a SiO 2 film by a single wafer processing apparatus. That is, on the back side of the wafer W, the film is formed by the film forming gas entering from the gap between the mounting table and the wafer W. However, since the amount of the film forming gas entering from the gap is extremely small, the wafer W It is difficult to form a polysilicon film on the entire back surface of the wafer W, and even if it is formed, the thickness of the polysilicon film at the central portion on the back surface of the wafer W is extremely small.
[0008]
For this reason, the polysilicon film on the back side is broken by hydrofluoric acid and comes into contact with the SiO 2 film. Since the SiO 2 film cannot withstand the hydrofluoric acid solution, the SiO 2 film is broken and the hydrofluoric acid solution enters through the broken gap. Then, the hydrofluoric acid flows around between the SiO 2 film and the Si to the surface side, whereby the SiO 2 film is peeled off from the Si, and as a result, the SiO 2 film and the polysilicon film extend from the back side to the front side. It may come off.
[0009]
The present invention has been made under such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment method and an apparatus therefor which can improve the in-plane uniformity of the film thickness. It is another object of the present invention to provide a heat treatment method and apparatus capable of forming a thin film on the back surface of a substrate to be processed.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes a step of carrying a substrate to be processed into a processing chamber, placing the substrate on a mounting surface of a mounting table provided with a resistance heating element, and heating the substrate with the resistance heating element. Heating by a body, and thereafter, while the substrate to be processed is slightly lifted from the mounting table and heated by radiant heat from the mounting table, a processing gas is supplied into the processing chamber to perform a heat treatment on the processing target substrate. And a step of performing.
[0011]
The step of supplying a processing gas into the processing chamber and performing a heat treatment on the substrate to be processed is, for example, a step of supplying a film forming gas into the processing chamber to form a thin film made of, for example, polysilicon on the front and back surfaces of the substrate to be processed. It is .
[0012]
Such a heat treatment is provided in a processing chamber, a mounting table provided with a resistance heating element, and a standby at a position buried from the mounting surface of the mounting table, and holding the back surface of the substrate to be processed, A lifting unit that raises and lowers the substrate between the mounting table and a position where the substrate is lifted from the mounting table, and holds the substrate to be processed, transports the substrate between the processing chamber and the outside, and processes the substrate between the processing unit and the lifting unit. And a transfer means for transferring the substrate. The heat treatment apparatus is configured to process the substrate with the processing gas while heating the substrate to be processed by the resistance heating element.
[0013]
The elevating unit can be stopped at a first position where the substrate to be processed is transferred to and from the transfer unit and at a second position between the first position and the mounting surface of the mounting table. configured to, floating the target substrate received from said conveying means, said heated by resistance heating element mounted on the mounting surface of the mounting table, and then to the second position from the mounting table the target substrate Then, the heat treatment is performed while heating by radiant heat from the mounting table. Here, for example, when the elevating unit is configured by a plurality of elevating pins and at least one of the elevating pins is provided with a temperature measurement terminal, the heat treatment is performed by floating the substrate to be processed from the mounting table. Also, the temperature of the substrate to be processed can be controlled.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a heat treatment apparatus for performing the heat treatment method of the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 2 denotes a processing chamber having an airtight structure. Gate valves 21 and 22 for sealing the space between the processing chamber 2 and a load lock chamber described later are provided on one side wall surface of the processing chamber 2. An exhaust pipe 23 provided with a vacuum pump 24 is connected to the bottom of the chamber.
[0015]
At the center of the bottom surface in the processing chamber 2, for example, a columnar mounting table 3 is provided. The mounting table 3 is a ceramic heater in which a heating unit, for example, a resistance heating element 31 is built in a ceramic body. It is configured. Further, the mounting table 3 has two sets of elevating pins, for example, a first elevating pin 4 (41, 42, 43) and a second elevating pin 5 (51, 52, 53) each composed of three elevating pins. However, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the same set of pins is provided at every other position in the circumferential direction of the mounting surface of the mounting table 3.
[0016]
The first up / down pins 4 and the second up / down pins 5 constitute an up / down unit, and are independently raised / lowered by an up / down mechanism, for example, air cylinders 4a, 5a, based on a control signal of the control unit C. Be composed. That is, the three elevating pins 41, 42, 43 (51, 52, 53) forming each set move up and down at the same time and at different timings between these sets. Normally, the first and second lifting pins 4 and 5 are waiting at a position where they are buried from the mounting surface of the mounting table 3, but when the lifting pins are raised, they protrude from the mounting surface and protrude from the wafer W. Is held.
[0017]
Further, the first lifting pins 4 and the second lifting pins 5 are configured so that the positions of the tips when they protrude are different, and the first lifting pins 4 are connected to a transport arm, which will be described later. The second elevating pins 5 are configured to protrude to a first position, which is a position where the wafer W is transferred, and the second elevating pins 5 are protruded to a second position, which is a position where the heat treatment of the wafer W is performed. Here, the second position is located between the first position and the mounting surface. For example, the first position is a position floating 4 to 5 mm from the mounting surface, and the second position is the mounting position. This is a position floating by 1 to 2 mm from the surface.
[0018]
A gas supply unit 6 is provided at an upper portion of the processing chamber 2 so as to face the mounting table 3. The gas supply unit 6 includes a gas diffusion unit 60 in which a large number of gas injection holes 61 are formed. For example, processing gases sent from gas supply pipes 62 and 63 are separately supplied from the gas injection holes 61 to the processing chamber 2. It is configured to be supplied into. A load lock chamber 7 is connected to one side wall surface of the processing chamber 2 via a gate valve 21, and a transfer arm 71 serving as a means for transferring the wafer W is provided inside the load lock chamber 7. . In the figure, reference numeral 72 denotes a gate valve interposed between the load lock chamber 7 and the atmosphere. Although not shown in FIG. 1 for convenience, a load lock chamber is also provided on the gate valve 22 side.
[0019]
Next, regarding the operation of the above embodiment, for example, a monosilane gas (SiH 4 ) and a phosphine gas (PH 3 ) are used as a processing gas (film forming gas) for a wafer on which an SiO 2 film is formed, for example. An example in which a doped polysilicon film is formed will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, a wafer W is loaded into the processing chamber 2 from the load lock chamber 7 by the transfer arm 71, and then the first lifting pins 4 are moved from the mounting table 3 by the air cylinder 4a. The wafer W is protruded and delivered to the first lifting pins 4 at the first position.
[0020]
Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the first lifting pins 4 are lowered, and the wafer W is mounted on the mounting table 3 (see FIG. 3C). Thus, the wafer W comes into surface contact with the mounting surface on the mounting table 3 and is heated to, for example, about 640 ° C. by heat conduction from the mounting table 3 (ceramic heater). Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3D, the second lifting pins 5 are protruded from the mounting table 3 by the air cylinder 5a to float the wafer W from the mounting surface to the second position. Heat treatment (film formation processing) is performed at the position.
[0021]
That the process chamber 2 by the vacuum pump 24 through the gas supply unit 6 from the gas supply pipe 62, 63 while maintaining evacuated example to a pressure of 10 Torr, flow rate of each SiH 4 gas and PH 3 gas, for example, 200 cc / At a rate of 10 cc / min, and irradiating the wafer W with the radiant heat from the mounting table 3 to a processing temperature, in this example, 640 ° C., while the surface of the wafer W is doped with polysilicon. Form a film.
[0022]
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3E, the first elevating pins 4 are raised to transfer the wafer W from the second elevating pins 5 to the first elevating pins 4, and the wafer W is moved to the first position. At the same time, the wafer W is transferred to the transfer arm 73 on the unloading side at the first position. The transfer arm 73 unloads the wafer W from the processing chamber 2 to a load lock chamber (not shown) on the unloading side.
[0023]
According to such an embodiment, the process of heating the wafer W to the processing temperature after loading the wafer W into the processing chamber 2 is performed by mounting the wafer W on the mounting table 3, that is, by performing surface contact. W is heated by the heat conduction from the mounting table 3, so that the temperature of the wafer W rises quickly to the processing temperature. As described above, if the wafer W is heated without being brought into contact with the mounting table 3, the heating speed becomes slow. For example, when the wafer W is heated to about 640 ° C., the wafer W is heated on the mounting table 3. This is about 30 seconds faster than heating at the second position.
[0024]
In the heat treatment of the wafer W, the wafer W is contacted with the mounting table 3 at a position slightly lower than the position where the wafer W is transferred between the first lifting pins 4 and the transfer arm 71 and slightly higher than the mounting table 3. Since the heat treatment is not performed, the wafer W is heated only by the radiant heat from the mounting table 3 during the heat treatment. Therefore, on the wafer W side, the temperature distribution pattern formed on the mounting surface of the mounting table 3 corresponding to the shape of the resistance heating element 31 is moderated. Since the influence of the temperature distribution is reduced as compared with the above, the in-plane temperature uniformity of the wafer is increased, whereby a high in-plane uniformity of the film thickness is obtained, and the yield is improved.
[0025]
Further, when the wafer W is floated from the mounting table 3 and subjected to the heat treatment, a continuous thin film is hardly formed over the outer peripheral portion of the wafer W and the upper surface of the mounting portion 3. When pushing up from the mounting table 3 with the first lifting pins 4, particles generated by peeling of the continuous thin film can be extremely reduced.
[0026]
Further, when the wafer W is floated from the mounting table 3 and heat treatment is performed, the processing gas flows from the outer peripheral edge of the wafer W to the back side, and the polysilicon is deposited not only on the front side and the outer peripheral side but also on the rear side of the wafer W. On the back side of the wafer W, a polysilicon film having a certain thickness is formed also at the center while having a smaller thickness than the peripheral portion. As shown in FIG. 4, the polysilicon film is formed on the SiO 2 film of the wafer W by the heat treatment, and the entire surface of the wafer W is covered with the polysilicon film.
[0027]
When the polysilicon film is formed with a predetermined thickness on the back surface of the wafer W, a gettering effect can be obtained. Also, in the case of performing a cleaning process using a hydrofluoric acid solution in the next step, if the polysilicon film has a certain thickness, it can withstand the hydrofluoric acid solution. The natural oxide film can be removed with a hydrofluoric acid solution while being protected by the polysilicon film without being damaged.
[0028]
Here, FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a cleaning apparatus in which the above-described cleaning processing is performed. The cleaning is performed by mounting the wafer W on the holder 94 and filling it with, for example, a 0.5% hydrofluoric acid solution (HF). It is immersed in the tank 91 for a predetermined time, and then rinsed with pure water. In FIG. 5, 92 is an overflow section, P is a pump, and 93 is a current plate.
[0029]
In the above-described heat treatment apparatus, it is preferable that the position where the heat treatment is performed is a position where the wafer W is floated by 1 to 2 mm from the mounting surface of the mounting table 3. When the wafer W is too close to the mounting table 3, a thin film is formed from the outer peripheral edge of the wafer W to the mounting surface of the mounting table 3. Conversely, when the wafer W is far from the mounting table 3, the heating speed during the heat treatment becomes slow, and This is because the power consumption of the heater of the mounting table 3 must be increased.
[0030]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the wafer W is placed on the mounting surface on the mounting table 3 by the two sets of the raising / lowering pins of the first raising / lowering pins 4 and the second raising / lowering pins 5, and the first position and The second position can be taken. For example, a set of three elevating pins is moved up and down by an elevating mechanism comprising a ball screw mechanism, and stopped at the first position and the second position, respectively. Such a configuration may be used as the elevating unit.
[0031]
Next, FIG. 6 shows a main part of another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the elevating unit is moved up and down by an elevating mechanism 82, and a lift ring 8 which is slightly larger than the mounting table 3 in which a notch for entering the transport arm 71 is formed in a part thereof is provided. For example, four holding arms 81 are provided so as to extend toward one side. A groove 32 is formed on the upper surface of the mounting table 3 at a position corresponding to the holding arm 81. When the lifting ring 8 is lowered, the holding arm 81 is buried in the groove 32 of the mounting table 3. It is configured as follows.
[0032]
In such an embodiment, usually, the elevating ring 8 is arranged so that the holding arm 81 is buried in the groove 32 of the mounting table 3, and when the wafer W is received from the transfer arm 71, the elevating ring 8 is moved up and down. The ring 8 is raised to the first position, and the holding arm 81 holds the wafer W. Then, the elevating ring 81 is lowered to place the wafer W on the mounting surface on the mounting table 3 and is heated to a predetermined temperature. Then, the elevating ring 8 is raised to the second position again to heat-treat the wafer W. I do. Further, in the present embodiment, notches are not formed in the elevating ring 8, and the elevating pins (not shown) are projected from the upper surface of the mounting table 3. Alternatively, the wafer W may be delivered to the holding arm 81 from here.
[0033]
Here, the film thickness of the polysilicon film on the back surface side of the wafer W is actually measured when the wafer W is floated from the mounting table and when the wafer W is mounted on the mounting table. Were compared. In the film forming process, SiH 4 , PH 3 , N 2 , and BN 2 gases are introduced at flow rates of, for example, 400, 32, 568, and 500 cc / min, respectively, while the pressure in the processing chamber is maintained at 1000 Pa, and the wafer W is loaded. For example, heating is performed at 640 ° C. to form a polysilicon film having a thickness of 1110 angstroms doped with phosphorus on the surface of the wafer W.
[0034]
After the above-described film forming process, as shown in FIG. 7, the film thickness of the polysilicon film was measured at a position A on the peripheral edge side on the back surface side of the wafer W and at a position B on the central portion. In the case (see FIG. 7A), the position A is 780 angstroms, and the position B is 170 angstroms. At position B, and 68 angstrom at position B. Further, when the wafer W subjected to the film forming process by floating was subjected to a cleaning process using a 0.5% hydrofluoric acid solution, the process could be performed without peeling the polysilicon film.
[0035]
Next, FIG. 8 shows a main part of still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a temperature measurement terminal 54 is provided on at least one of the second lifting pins 5 (51, 52, 53). For example, a thermocouple is used as the temperature measuring terminal 54, and the temperature measuring terminal 54 is built in, for example, a tip portion of the second lifting pin 5.
[0036]
In such an embodiment, the temperature of the wafer W can be controlled even when the wafer W is floated from the mounting surface of the mounting table 3 to perform the heat treatment. That is, when performing the heat treatment, the wafer W is supported at the second position by the second elevating pins 5, and at this time, the tip of the second elevating pins 5 contacts the back side of the wafer W. Therefore, the temperature of the wafer W is measured by the temperature measuring terminal 54 built in the second elevating pin 5, and the temperature of the wafer W can be controlled based on this value.
[0037]
Also, when the wafer W is brought into surface contact with the mounting surface of the mounting table 3 and is heated to a predetermined temperature, the second lifting pin 5 is buried from the mounting surface of the mounting table 3 at the back side of the wafer W. Since the temperature of the wafer W can be measured by arranging the tip of the wafer W such that the tip of the wafer W comes into contact, the temperature of the wafer W can be controlled based on this value.
[0038]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the temperature measurement terminal 54 may be provided on a plurality of lifting pins. Further, the present embodiment may be applied to the above-described elevating ring 8, and the temperature measuring terminal 54 may be provided on the holding arm 81. The temperature measuring terminal 54 may have a configuration in which a fluorescent substance whose emission intensity changes according to the temperature is applied to the tip of the optical fiber. In this case, the fluorescent substance emits light by the light sent from the optical fiber. However, since the emission intensity changes according to the temperature, the emitted light can be received at the base end side of the optical fiber and the intensity can be detected.
[0039]
In the present invention, when forming a film on the back surface of the wafer, the wafer may be directly mounted on the resistance heating element itself as a heating element, or directly on another heating element or via a mounting plate. A wafer may be placed. When the mounting plate is used, a heating element is constituted by the heating element and the mounting plate. In addition to the case where the wafer W is mounted on the mounting table 3 and heated to the processing temperature, the wafer W is floated to the second position before reaching the processing temperature and heated to the processing temperature at the second position. The case is also included.
[0040]
As described above, the present invention can be applied not only to the above-described film forming process but also to a process of forming a silicon nitride film (Si 3 N 4 ) using, for example, dichlorosilane (SiH 2 Cl 2 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ). . In addition, the heat treatment in the present invention includes, in addition to the above-described CVD treatment, oxidation treatment, etching (excluding back surface etching), ashing, and the like, and also includes the case where annealing is performed while flowing a nitrogen gas or a hydrogen gas. When the present invention is applied to the oxidation treatment, the oxidation treatment is rate-determined by the surface temperature of the wafer. Therefore, the in-plane uniformity of the oxide film can be improved by increasing the in-plane temperature uniformity of the wafer. The advantage is obtained.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the influence of the temperature distribution on the mounting table side on the substrate to be processed, and to perform the heat treatment with high in-plane uniformity in film thickness. For example, when performing a film forming process of polysilicon or the like, a thin film can be formed also on the back surface side of the substrate to be processed. Further, by providing a temperature measurement terminal in the elevating section, the temperature of the substrate to be processed can be controlled, for example, even when the substrate to be processed is floated from the mounting table and heat treatment is performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a heat treatment apparatus for performing a method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a main part in the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a wafer W when a polysilicon film is formed by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating one embodiment of a cleaning device.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a main part of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the thickness of a polysilicon film on the back surface side of a wafer W.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a main part of still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional heat treatment apparatus.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a wiring pattern of a resistance heating wire provided on a mounting table.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Processing chamber 3 Mounting table 31 Resistance heating element 32 Groove 4 First lifting pin 4a, 5a Air cylinder 5 Second lifting pin 54 Temperature measuring terminal 6 Gas supply unit 7 Load lock chamber 71 Transport arm 8 Lifting ring 81 Holding arm 91 Cleaning tank

Claims (6)

被処理基板を処理室内に搬入して抵抗発熱体を備えた載置台の載置面に載置し、前記抵抗発熱体により加熱する工程と、
その後前記被処理基板を前記載置台から僅かに浮上させて載置台からの輻射熱により加熱しながら、処理ガスを処理室内に供給して当該被処理基板に対して熱処理を行なう工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とする熱処理方法。
Loading the substrate to be processed into the processing chamber, placing the substrate on the mounting surface of the mounting table provided with a resistance heating element, and heating by the resistance heating element;
Then, while the substrate to be processed is slightly raised from the mounting table and heated by radiant heat from the mounting table, a processing gas is supplied into the processing chamber to perform a heat treatment on the substrate to be processed,
A heat treatment method comprising:
処理ガスを処理室内に供給して被処理基板に対して熱処理を行なう工程は、成膜ガスを処理室内に供給して当該被処理基板の表面及び裏面に薄膜を形成する工程であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の熱処理方法。 Step of supplying a process gas into the process chamber performing heat treatment on the substrate to be processed, characterized in that by supplying a deposition gas into the processing chamber is a step of forming a thin film on the surface and the back surface of the substrate to be processed The heat treatment method according to claim 1, wherein 薄膜はポリシリコンであることを特徴とする請求項2記載の熱処理方法。3. The heat treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the thin film is polysilicon. 処理室内に設けられ、抵抗発熱体を備えた載置台と、この載置台の載置面から埋没した位置に待機し、被処理基板の裏面を保持して当該被処理基板を載置台上と載置台から浮上させた位置との間で昇降させる昇降部と、被処理基板を保持して処理室と外部との間を搬送し、前記昇降部との間で被処理基板の受け渡しを行う搬送手段とを備え、被処理基板を前記抵抗発熱体により加熱しながら、処理ガスにより処理する熱処理装置において、
前記昇降部は、前記搬送手段との間で被処理基板の受け渡しを行う第1の位置及び、この第1の位置と前記載置台の載置面との間の第2の位置にて停止できるように構成され、前記搬送手段から受け取った被処理基板を、載置台の載置面に載置して前記抵抗発熱体により加熱し、次いで当該被処理基板を載置台から第2の位置に浮上させて載置台からの輻射熱により加熱しながら熱処理を行うことを特徴とする熱処理装置。
A mounting table provided in the processing chamber and provided with a resistance heating element, and standing by at a position buried from the mounting surface of the mounting table, holding the back surface of the processing target substrate, and mounting the processing target substrate on the mounting table; An elevating unit for elevating and lowering the substrate to and from a position floated from the mounting table, and a transport unit for holding the substrate to be processed, transporting the substrate between the processing chamber and the outside, and transferring the substrate to and from the elevating unit In a heat treatment apparatus for processing with a processing gas while heating the substrate to be processed by the resistance heating element,
The elevating unit can be stopped at a first position where the substrate to be processed is transferred to and from the transfer unit and at a second position between the first position and the mounting surface of the mounting table. configured to, floating the target substrate received from said conveying means, said heated by resistance heating element mounted on the mounting surface of the mounting table, and then to the second position from the mounting table the target substrate A heat treatment apparatus wherein the heat treatment is performed while heating by radiant heat from the mounting table.
前記昇降部に、前記被処理基板の温度を測定するための温度測定端子を設けたことを特徴とする請求項4記載の熱処理装置。The heat treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a temperature measuring terminal for measuring a temperature of the substrate to be processed is provided in the elevating unit. 前記昇降部は複数の昇降ピンであり、これら昇降ピンのうちの少なくとも1つに前記被処理基板の温度を測定するための温度測定端子を設けたことを特徴とする請求項4記載の熱処理装置。5. The heat treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the lifting unit includes a plurality of lifting pins, and at least one of the lifting pins is provided with a temperature measurement terminal for measuring a temperature of the substrate to be processed. 6. .
JP33036596A 1995-11-28 1996-11-26 Heat treatment method and apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP3604522B2 (en)

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JP2001242014A (en) 2000-02-29 2001-09-07 Tokyo Electron Ltd Substrate temperature measuring method and processing method
JP2002313781A (en) * 2001-04-11 2002-10-25 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Substrate processing equipment
US6858085B1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2005-02-22 Tegal Corporation Two-compartment chamber for sequential processing
JP4656808B2 (en) * 2002-11-27 2011-03-23 株式会社アルバック Vacuum apparatus and heat treatment apparatus
JP4655461B2 (en) * 2003-09-05 2011-03-23 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Manufacturing method of electro-optical device
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JP2009260041A (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-11-05 Fuji Electric Device Technology Co Ltd Method of manufacturing semiconductor device, and film formation device
JP5694885B2 (en) * 2011-08-30 2015-04-01 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ Z stage apparatus and charged particle beam apparatus
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