JP3606256B2 - Keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a keyboard instrument, and more particularly to a keyboard instrument that can perceive the same sound as when played in a classical stone church even when played in a dry structure building space.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Pipe organs placed in churches and halls have been known for a long time. This pipe organ is provided with a pipe group consisting of a large number of pipes corresponding to each key of the keyboard, and air is sent into the pipe corresponding to the key by a key operation to generate a desired sound.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the pipe organ is played in a dry-type building space in Japan, the reverberation effect of the sound is lower than when played in a classical stone church found in Europe. For this reason, there is an inconvenience that the rich sound of the pipe organ cannot be fully perceived by the audience.
[0004]
In order to solve such inconvenience, the building space where the pipe organ will be installed should be similar to the structure of a classic stone church, but in this case, a major renovation of an existing church or hall is required. It causes another inconvenience that construction or reinforcement work is necessary.
[0005]
Therefore, the present inventor conducted various experiments and examinations. As a result, the sound generated by the pipe group having the maximum length of 16 feet provided in the existing pipe organ and the maximum length of 32 feet not existing in the existing pipe organ. By simultaneously generating the sound generated by the virtual pipe group of the pipe organ, even when the pipe organ is played in a dry structure building space, the richness of the pipe organ is the same as when playing in a classical stone church etc. I found out that it was possible to make the audience perceive a simple sound.
[0006]
However, if a pipe group having a maximum length of 32 feet is actually provided, a pipe longer than the pipes of the existing pipe group is required, and the pipe organ becomes larger and the manufacturing cost increases. Invite
[0007]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been devised on the basis of the above-mentioned knowledge and disadvantages of the inventor, and its purpose is not to increase the overall size, but also to the interior of a classical stone church or the like in a dry structure building space. It is an object to provide a keyboard instrument that allows the audience to perceive the same sound as when performing at the same time.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a pipe group whose maximum length is set to 16 feet and gradually shortens as the scale rises, and air is sent to the pipe corresponding to the key by key operation of the keyboard. In a keyboard instrument that can generate a predetermined sound,
When the key of the lowest range is operated at least , the maximum length is reduced by simultaneously sending air to any pipe of the pipe group that generates the actual sound corresponding to the key and generating a differential sound. make generate the same sound and sound generated from the virtual pipe group to be set to 32Feet, adopts a configuration that. According to such a configuration, the pipe group whose maximum length is set to 16 feet can generate a sound similar to the sound generated from the virtual pipe group whose maximum length is set to 32 feet. There is no need to install longer pipes, and even if you do not increase the size of the keyboard instrument, when you play the keyboard instrument in a dry-type building space, the sound is the same as when playing in a classical stone church. You can expect the audience to perceive.
[0009]
In addition, the present invention is provided with a pipe group whose maximum length is set to 16 feet and gradually shortens as the scale rises, and air is sent to the pipe corresponding to the key by the key operation of the keyboard to generate a predetermined sound. Possible keyboard instruments,
At least when operating the bottom range of the key, see write sends simultaneously air and pipe for generating a sound on the 5 degrees of the a pipe for generating actual sound corresponding to the key actual sound, the actual sound and the actual sound by generating the difference frequency between 5 degrees on the sound, the maximum length to generate the same sound and sound generated from the virtual pipe group to be set to 32Feet, that it is also possible to employ a configuration. According to such a configuration, the difference sound between the real sound and the sound that is five degrees above the real sound allows the audience to perceive the sound under the octave of the real sound, and a virtual length whose maximum length is set to 32 feet. The auditory range expansion effect that approximates the perception of sound generated from a pipe group can be expected.
[0010]
In the present specification, the numerical value indicating the length of the pipe means the length when an open pipe is applied, and the pipe having the numerical value has an opening set to that length. In addition to the pipe in the pipe state, a pipe in the closed pipe state that can generate the same sound, that is, a pipe in the closed pipe state that is set to about half the length of the numerical value is included.
[0011]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view schematically showing a pipe organ as a keyboard device, and FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a main part in which a part of FIG. 1 is omitted. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. In these drawings, the pipe organ 10 includes a keyboard 11 having a large number of keys K, and a sound generator 12 that generates a desired sound by key operation of the keyboard 11.
[0013]
The sound generator 12 includes a blower 14 located on the lower side in FIG. 1, an air accommodating portion 15 having a box shape of two upper and lower stages to which air is supplied from the blower 14, and an upper portion of the air accommodating portion 15. A pipe group P that is capable of generating a predetermined sound when air is sent into the interior from the air accommodating part 15 side, and a wind guide disposed between the pipe group P and the air accommodating part 15 A plate-like slider 19 provided so as to be slidable in the plane direction between the air accommodating portion 15 and the air guide tube 17 by operation of a stop knob (not shown), and a cover 20 for accommodating the air guide tube 17 It is configured with.
[0014]
The air accommodating portion 15 includes an upper wind box 22 and a lower pallet box 23.
[0015]
The wind box 22 includes a large number of air chambers 24 partitioned by a partition wall extending in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. These air chambers 24 are composed of a real sound chamber 26 for generating a real sound and a sound range expansion chamber 27 for generating a sound one octave below the real sound while being located next to the real sound chamber 26. . As shown in FIG. 5, each of the real sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27 is provided for each key K of the keyboard 11, and in this embodiment, the real sound room 26 and the sound range expansion range are provided. Enlargement chambers 27 are alternately provided along the left-right direction in FIG. Here, the real sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27 located on the leftmost side in the figure correspond to the key K (C key) for generating the lowest sound in the keyboard 11, and the other The real sound room 26 and the sound range expansion room 27 are arranged so as to correspond to the order of the keys K in the high sound direction toward the right side in FIG.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the pallet box 23 includes an internal space 29 communicating with lower through holes 26 </ b> A and 27 </ b> A formed in the bottom walls of the real sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27, and a keyboard. The pallet valve 31 is provided so that the lower through-holes 26A and 27A can be opened and closed by 11 key operations. Here, air is constantly fed into the internal space 29 from the blower 14. Further, the pallet valve 31 is always present at the closed position shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and when a predetermined key K of the keyboard 11 is pressed, only a pallet valve 31 corresponding to the key K is pressed by a lowering mechanism (not shown). It comes to descend. Therefore, in this case, air is introduced from the internal space 29 into the real sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27 corresponding to the pressed key K through the lower through holes 26A and 27A. .
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 1, the pipe group P includes a large number of main pipes M provided for each key so as to generate real sounds corresponding to the keys of the keyboard 11, and the main pipe M in FIG. It consists of 12 auxiliary pipes H provided on the front side. The auxiliary pipes H are provided corresponding to the keys of the lowest sound range, that is, the 12 keys of the lowest sound side from the C key to the B key (see FIG. 5). In this embodiment, the length of the longest main pipe M corresponding to the C key is provided at 16 feet, while the length of the longest auxiliary pipe H corresponding to the C key is 5 degrees higher than the C key. The main pipe M is provided with a length corresponding to the main pipe M, that is, 10 feet + 2/3 feet. The main pipe M and the auxiliary pipe H are proportionally shorter in length from the C key side toward the high-pitched sound side. Numbers 1, 2, 3,... N are added in order from the longest. Thus, for example, the longest main pipe M and auxiliary pipe H are represented as main pipe M1 and auxiliary pipe H1, and the main pipe M that generates sound on one octave of the main pipe M1 is represented as main pipe M13. .
[0018]
The air guide pipe 17 is provided to send air from the wind box 22 to each pipe group P, and as shown in FIG. 5, the lowest sound range located on the left end side in FIG. The pipe structure is different in the sound range except the lowest sound range. That is, for example, in the case of the C key on the left end side in FIG. 5, the air guide pipe 17 in the lowermost sound range includes the first pipe line 33 that connects the actual sound chamber 26 corresponding to the C key and the main pipe M1, and C The second pipe 34 connects the sound range expanding chamber 27 corresponding to the key and the auxiliary pipe H1, and the third pipe 35 connects the sound range expanding chamber 27 and the first pipe 33. In the middle of the first and third pipes 33 and 35, check valves 37 and 38 for preventing the backflow of air toward the real sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27 are provided. Therefore, when air is introduced into the real sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27 corresponding to the C key by opening the pallet valve 31, the air can be sent to the first to third pipe lines 33 to 35 ( In this case, sound is generated simultaneously from the main pipe M1 and the auxiliary pipe H1. Note that the same piping configuration is adopted for the other keys K in the lowest sound range. When a predetermined key K is operated, sound is simultaneously generated from the main pipe Mn and the auxiliary pipe Hn corresponding to the key K. Is supposed to occur.
[0019]
On the other hand, in the case of the c0 key at the boundary with the lowest sound range, the wind guide pipe 17 in the sound range excluding the lowest sound range is, for example, a fourth pipe that connects between the actual sound chamber 26 corresponding to the c0 key and the main pipe M13. The passage 42 is composed of a fifth pipe 43 connecting the sound range expansion chamber 27 corresponding to the c0 key and the main pipe M1 corresponding to the C key one octave lower. These fourth and fifth pipes 42 and 43 are also provided with check valves 45 and 46 for preventing the backflow of air to the actual sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27. Therefore, when air is introduced into the real sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27 corresponding to the c0 key by opening the pallet valve 31, the air can be sent to the fourth and fifth pipelines 42 and 43 ( In this case, an actual sound corresponding to the c0 key is generated from the main pipe M13, and a sound one octave lower than the actual sound is generated from the main pipe M1. A similar piping configuration is also adopted for the other keys K for the sound range except the lowest sound range, and when a predetermined key K is operated, the main pipe Mn corresponding to the key K and the main key K Sound is generated simultaneously from the main pipe M (n-12) that generates sound one octave lower than the pipe Mn.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 2, the slider 19 is disposed on the depth side in the figure, and the actual sound slider 48 that allows or blocks the flow of air from each real sound chamber 26 to the air guide pipe 17. It is composed of a sound range expansion slider 49 which is disposed on the front side of the middle and allows or blocks the flow of air from each sound range expansion chamber 27 to the air guide tube 17.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the actual sound slider 48 includes through holes 51 formed at predetermined pitches, and the through holes 51 are respectively formed on the top wall of the actual sound chamber 26. It is provided corresponding to the upper through hole 26B. Since the upper through hole 26B is formed at a position opposite to the lower end side of the first and fourth pipelines 33 and 42, as shown in FIGS. In the stop-on state, the upper through hole 26 </ b> B and the through hole 51 are in communication with each other, and air can be fed into the first and fourth pipe lines 33 and 42 from the actual sound chamber 26 side. On the other hand, when the stop knob is operated to change from the state of FIG. 6 (A) to the stop-off state shown in FIG. 6 (B), the through hole 51 of the slider 48 is shifted to the sound range expansion chamber 27 side. Then, it becomes impossible to send air into the pipes 33 and 42.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the sound range expansion slider 49 also includes through holes 52 formed at predetermined pitches, and the through holes 52 are respectively formed on the top walls of the sound range expansion chambers 27. It is provided corresponding to the formed upper through hole 27B. Since the upper through hole 27B is formed at a position opposite to the lower end side of the second, third and fifth pipes 34, 35, 43, the stop shown in FIG. In the on state, air can be sent into the second, third and fifth conduits 34, 35, 43 from the sound range expanding chamber 27, while in the stop-off state, the respective conduits 34, 35, Air feeding into 42 is stopped.
[0023]
Generation of sound by the pipe organ 10 configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0024]
First, when each of the sliders 48 and 49 is in a stop-on state and a key K for a sound range other than the lowest sound range is pressed, a pallet provided in the real sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27 corresponding to the key K. The valves 31 and 31 are opened, and the air supplied from the blower 14 into the pallet box 23 is introduced into the actual sound chamber 26 and the sound range expansion chamber 27 corresponding to the pressed key K. Then, the actual sound corresponding to the key K pressed by the air in the actual sound chamber 26 being sent through the fourth pipeline 42 into the corresponding main pipe M is generated. At the same time, the air in the sound range enlarging chamber 27 passes through the fifth pipe 43 and generates a sound one octave below the actual sound, that is, in the main pipe M that generates a sound having a frequency that is about half of the actual sound. A sound one octave below the key K that has been sent and pressed is simultaneously generated.
[0025]
On the other hand, when each of the sliders 48 and 49 is in a stop-on state and the key K for generating the sound in the lowest range is pressed, the pallet valves 31 and 31 corresponding to the key K are opened, and the actual sound chamber 26 and the range are obtained. Air is introduced into the expansion chamber 27. The air in the actual sound chamber 26 is sent to the corresponding main pipe M through the first pipe 33 and the actual sound corresponding to the pressed key K is generated. At the same time, the air in the sound range enlarging chamber 27 passes through the second and third pipes 34 and 35, and corresponds to the inside of the main pipe M that generates the actual sound and the pipe 5 degrees above the main pipe M. It is simultaneously supplied into the length of the auxiliary pipe H. Therefore, sounds having different frequencies are generated from the main pipe M and the auxiliary pipe H, and as a result, a difference sound is generated. At this time, since the auxiliary pipe H substantially corresponds to the pipe M that is five degrees above the main pipe M where the real sound is generated, if the frequency of the real sound generated by the main pipe M is f1, the auxiliary pipe that is five degrees above that. The frequency f2 of H is 3/2 × f1. Therefore, the difference sound f0 due to the generation of sounds of these frequencies f1 and f2 is
f0 = f2-f1 = (3 / 2-1) f1 = 1/2 * f1.
In other words, when sound is generated simultaneously from the main pipe M that generates the real sound and the auxiliary pipe H corresponding to the pipe M that is five degrees above the main pipe M, a difference sound having a frequency that is about half of the actual sound is generated. In this case as well, a sound one octave below the pressed key K is substantially generated.
[0026]
Note that when the range-enlarging slider 49 is in the stop-off state, only the actual sound is generated from the main pipe M corresponding to the operated key K in the entire range as in the conventional case.
[0027]
Therefore, according to such an embodiment, the pipe group P whose maximum length is set to 16 feet generates the same sound as the virtual pipe group whose maximum length is set to 32 feet. It is possible to make the audience perceive the rich sound of the pipe organ 10 that is similar to the performance in a classical stone building space when played in a dry structure building space.
[0028]
In addition, the generation of a sound one octave below the lowest sound range is caused by the simultaneous sounding of the main pipe M where the real sound is generated and the auxiliary pipe H corresponding to the main pipe M five degrees above the main pipe M. Because the sound is used, there is no need to provide a pipe longer than 16 feet, such as a 32 feet pipe that emits an octave lower than the main pipe H1 (16 feet) corresponding to the C key, and the pipe organ 10 is enlarged. The above-mentioned effects can be obtained without doing so.
[0029]
The configuration of each part of the apparatus in the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example, and the maximum length is set to 32 feet using any pipe of the pipe group P in which the maximum length is set to 16 feet. Various changes are possible as long as the same sound as that generated from the virtual pipe group can be generated. For example, sound is generated simultaneously from the main pipe M corresponding to the operated key K and the main pipe M five degrees above the main pipe M without providing the 12 auxiliary pipes H provided for the lowest sound range. It is good also as a structure. Moreover, it is also possible to employ the same structure as the piping structure of the air guide pipe 17 in the lowest sound range in the above-described embodiment in the entire sound range.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, similar to the sound generated from the virtual pipe group having the maximum length set to 32 feet using any pipe of the pipe group having the maximum length set to 16 feet. The sound is similar to that played in a classical stone church when a keyboard instrument is played in a dry-type building space without increasing the size of the device. It can be expected to perceive.
[0031]
In addition, since the actual sound corresponding to the key and the sound 5 degrees above the actual sound can be generated simultaneously by one key operation on the keyboard, the audience can perceive the sound below the actual octave, It is possible to obtain the same effect as when a sound generated from a virtual pipe group whose length is set to 32 feet is perceived.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pipe organ in the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a main part of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a piping configuration diagram of a part of the pipe organ.
FIG. 6A is an enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining a state in which the slider is stopped on, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining a state in which the slider is stopped off.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 ... pipe organ (keyboard instrument), 11 ... keyboard, H ... auxiliary pipe, K ... key, M ... main pipe, P ... pipe group

Claims (2)

In a keyboard instrument that has a pipe group that is set to a maximum length of 16 feet and gradually shortens as the scale rises, and air can be sent to a pipe corresponding to the key by a key operation of the keyboard to generate a predetermined sound.
When the key of the lowest range is operated at least , the maximum length is reduced by simultaneously sending air to any pipe of the pipe group that generates the actual sound corresponding to the key and generating a differential sound. keyboard instrument, characterized in that makes generating the same sound and sound generated from the virtual pipe group to be set to 32Feet. In a keyboard instrument that has a pipe group that is set to a maximum length of 16 feet and gradually shortens as the scale rises, and air can be sent to a pipe corresponding to the key by a key operation of the keyboard to generate a predetermined sound.
At least when operating the bottom range of the key, see write sends simultaneously air and pipe for generating a sound on the 5 degrees of the a pipe for generating actual sound corresponding to the key actual sound, the actual sound and the actual sound A keyboard instrument characterized by generating a sound similar to a sound generated from a virtual pipe group whose maximum length is set to 32 feet by generating a difference sound from a sound that is five degrees above.

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