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JP3606352B2 - Castable refractories - Google Patents
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JP3606352B2 - Castable refractories - Google Patents

Castable refractories Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3606352B2
JP3606352B2 JP30813397A JP30813397A JP3606352B2 JP 3606352 B2 JP3606352 B2 JP 3606352B2 JP 30813397 A JP30813397 A JP 30813397A JP 30813397 A JP30813397 A JP 30813397A JP 3606352 B2 JP3606352 B2 JP 3606352B2
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Prior art keywords
andalusite
castable refractory
kyanite
castable
immersion lance
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JP30813397A
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JPH11130549A (en
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幸治 齊藤
和昭 松尾
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東芝セラミックス株式会社
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303Inorganic additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3463Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、キャスタブル耐火物に関し、特に、浸漬ランスに適用するのに最適なキャスタブル耐火物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
浸漬ランスは、鋼製のランスパイプの外周をキャスタブル耐火物で被覆したものである。
【0003】
浸漬ランスは、溶銑や溶鋼の脱硫、脱燐、温度調整等の処理工程で、溶融金属中に浸漬され、不活性ガスや各種処理剤の吹き込みに使用される。浸漬ランスは無予熱で使用され、約1300〜1750℃の溶融金属に対し、浸漬と引上げが繰り返される。
【0004】
このため、外周部のキャスタブル耐火物は、急熱・急冷の熱衝撃を繰り返し受ける。さらに、ガス吹き込みによる溶融金属の撹拌に伴う機械的応力や処理剤からの化学的侵食も受ける。
【0005】
このような熱衝撃や侵食による損傷を防止するため、従来、浸漬ランス用キャスタブル耐火物としては、高アルミナ質の低セメント高強度キャスタブルが用いられている。これは、アルミナセメントを結合剤とし、シリカフラワー(ヒューズドシリカ)や仮焼アルミナ等の超微粉を配合して低水分で流動性を付与し、凝集による強度の発現を図ったキャスタブル耐火物である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の浸漬ランス用キャスタブル耐火物では、アルミナセメントに含まれるCaOが高温下においてゲーレナイト(2CaO・Al・SiO)等の低融点化合物を生成する。この低融点化合物は、液相を生成して組成の焼結を促進させ、急熱・急冷に起因した熱応力に対する緩和能力を急速に低下させる。このため、熱応力や機械的応力により亀裂が発生し易くなり、浸漬ランスの寿命が著しく低下する。
【0007】
また、シリカフラワーや仮焼アルミナ等の超微粉は、高温下において、アルミナセメントやFe、NaO、KO、MgO等の不純物と反応して液相を生成し、CaOと同様に組織の焼結を促進させる。このため、前述のように、亀裂が発生し易くなり、浸漬ランスの寿命がさらに低下してしまう。
【0008】
このような過焼結を防止するため、浸漬ランス用のキャスタブルにアンダリュサイトを添加する手法が知られている。
【0009】
アンダリュサイトは、1500℃での熱膨張率が1.5%と大きいため、昇温・降温により膨張・収縮を繰り返すと、組織にマイクロクラックを発生させ、これによって過焼結を防止する。
【0010】
しかしながら、アンダリュサイトを添加すると耐食性が低下することから、その添加量は必要最低限に抑えざるを得なかった。このため、従来は耐食性と耐スポーリング性を兼備したキャスタブル耐火物を得ることが難しかった。
【0011】
このような従来技術の問題点に鑑み、本発明は、耐食性を低下させることなく、耐スポーリング性を向上させ、浸漬用ランスの耐用寿命を大幅に向上することができる浸漬ランス用キャスタブル耐火物を提供することを目的としている。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明は、アルミナセメントを結合剤とするAl−SiO質低セメントキャスタブルに、カイヤナイトを1〜3wt%とアンダリュサイト2〜6wt%を配合し、両者の配合量の合計を3wt%以上としたことを特徴とするキャスタブル耐火物を要旨としている。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のキャスタブル耐火物は、アルミナセメントを結合剤とするAl−SiO質低セメントキャスタブルに、カイヤナイトを1〜3wt%とアンダリュサイト2〜6wt%を配合し、両者の配合量の合計を3wt%以上としたものである。
【0014】
カイヤナイトを1〜3wt%配合することにより、アンダリュサイトの配合量を2〜6wt%に抑えて、耐食性の低下を抑制すると共に、過焼結を防止することができる。
【0015】
カイヤナイトとアンダリュサイトの配合量の合計を3wt%以上とするのは、3wt%未満では過焼結の抑制効果が認められず、耐スポーリング性を向上できないからである。
【0016】
カイヤナイトとアンダリュサイトは熱膨張特性が異なるため、例えば浸漬用ランスの熱履歴に対して、異なる作用を行うものと考えられる。
【0017】
すなわち、浸漬用ランスの初期の熱履歴に対しては、アンダリュサイトより大きな熱膨張率を示すカイヤナイトが関与してマイクロクラックを発生させる。また、その後の熱履歴に対しては、アンダリュサイトの膨張・収縮がマイクロクラックを進展させ、組織の過焼結を抑制するものと考えられる。
【0018】
カイヤナイトの重量比1に対し、アンダリュサイトの重量比は1〜2とすることが好ましい。
【0019】
また、カイヤナイトの粒径は0.1〜1.0mm、アンダリュサイトの粒径は1〜5mmとすることが好ましい。
【0020】
このように、粒径が0.1〜1.0mmのカイヤナイトと、粒径が1〜5mmのアンダリュサイトを組み合わせ、両者の配合量を重量比で1:(1〜2)とすることにより、耐火物の過焼結を確実に抑制でき、しかも、アンダリュサイトの配合量をアンダリュサイト単体で過焼結を抑制する場合の約1/2の配合量に抑えることができるので、耐食性を低下させることなく耐スポーリング性を確実に向上することが可能となる。
【0021】
カイヤナイトの粒径を0.1〜1.0mmとしたのは、0.1mm未満ではマイクロクラック発生の効果が十分でなく、1.0mmを超えるとマイクロクラックではなく大きな亀裂が発生し易くなるからである。
【0022】
アンダリュサイトの粒径を1〜5mmとしたのは、1mm未満ではマイクロクラック発生効果より、耐食性の低下が著しくなり、5mmを超えると大きな亀裂が発生し易くなるからである。
【0023】
カイヤナイトとアンダリュサイトの重量比が1:1〜1:2から外れると、次のような不具合が生じる。例えば、重量比が2:1の場合には、浸漬用ランスに大きな亀裂が発生し易く、耐スポーリング性向上の効果が十分に得られない恐れがある。逆に、重量比が1:3の場合には、アンダリュサイトの添加量低減の効果が少なくなり、耐食性の低下が懸念される。
【0024】
本発明のキャスタブル耐火物は、浸漬ランス用のキャスタブル耐火物として用いるのに最適である。
【0025】
【実施例】
実施例1〜5
表1に示す粒径及び配合量でカイヤナイトとアンダリュサイトを配合して、実施例1〜5のキャスタブル耐火物を製造した。
【0026】
各々のキャスタブル耐火物を、直径34mmの鋼管ランスパイプの外周に、直径130mm、長さ300mmにわたって被覆し、模擬の浸漬ランス供試体を得た。
【0027】
各供試体のランスパイプ(鋼管)に4kg/cmの圧力で空気を供給しながら、1400℃に加熱した電気炉中に15分間挿入した。しかる後、電気炉から取り出し、空気の供給を停止して、大気中で30分間冷却した。以上の熱サイクルを20回繰り返し、各供試体に熱衝撃を加えた。
【0028】
試験後に、供試体を切断し、亀裂の発生状況を目視にて観察した。
【0029】
また、各供試体に侵食試験を行い、溶損指数を求めた。侵食試験は、40×40×160mmの供試体を、約1650℃で溶解されたSS400中に、1時間浸漬して行った。その後、供試体を切断し、溶損量(溶損された面積)を測定した。
【0030】
比較例1〜7
同様に、表2に示す粒径及び配合量でカイヤナイトとアンダリュサイトを配合して、比較例1〜7のキャスタブル耐火物を製造した。そして、実施例1〜5と同様にして、スポーリング試験と侵食試験を行った。
【0031】
比較例7、8はアンダリュサイトのみを配合した従来品である。
【0032】
各試験結果は、比較例8(アンダリュサイトを15wt%配合)の亀裂の発生状況及び溶損量を基準にして評価した。
【0033】
すなわち、スポーリング試験では、比較例7の亀裂発生状況を○とし、この基準より良好なものは◎、やや悪いものには△、悪いものは×で評価した。また、溶損試験では、比較例8の溶損指数を100とし、これより数字が大きければ耐食性が大きいことを表すようにした。
【0034】
表1及び表2から明らかなように、比較例では耐スポーリング性を向上すると耐食性が劣化したが、実施例1〜5では耐食性を低下させずに耐スポーリング性を向上することができた。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明のキャスタブル耐火物によれば、アンダリュサイトの配合量をアンダリュサイト単独で過焼結を抑制した場合の約1/2に抑えることができ、これにより耐食性を低下させることなく、耐スポーリング性を向上できる。それゆえ、本発明のキャスタブル耐火物を浸漬ランスに適用すれば、浸漬ランスの耐用を大幅に向上することが可能である。
【0036】
なお、本発明は前述の実施例に限定されない。本発明のカイヤナイトとアンダリュサイトの添加比及び添加量は、耐スポーリング性向上のためにアンダリュサイトを添加する浸漬ランス用以外のキャスタブル耐火物にも応用可能である。
【表1】

Figure 0003606352
【表2】
Figure 0003606352
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a castable refractory, and more particularly to a castable refractory that is optimal for application to an immersion lance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The immersion lance is obtained by coating the outer periphery of a steel lance pipe with a castable refractory.
[0003]
The immersion lance is immersed in the molten metal in processing steps such as desulfurization, dephosphorization, and temperature adjustment of hot metal and molten steel, and is used for blowing inert gas and various processing agents. The dipping lance is used without preheating, and dipping and pulling are repeated for a molten metal of about 1300 to 1750 ° C.
[0004]
For this reason, the castable refractory on the outer periphery is repeatedly subjected to rapid thermal and rapid thermal shock. Furthermore, it also receives mechanical stress accompanying chemical stirring from molten metal by gas blowing and chemical erosion from the processing agent.
[0005]
In order to prevent such damage due to thermal shock or erosion, a high-alumina, low-cement, high-strength castable is conventionally used as a castable refractory for an immersion lance. This is a castable refractory that uses alumina cement as a binder, blends ultrafine powders such as silica flour (fused silica) and calcined alumina, imparts fluidity with low moisture, and develops strength by agglomeration. is there.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a conventional castable refractory for an immersion lance, CaO contained in alumina cement generates a low melting point compound such as gehlenite (2CaO.Al 2 O 3 .SiO 2 ) at a high temperature. This low-melting-point compound generates a liquid phase to promote the sintering of the composition, and rapidly reduces the relaxation ability against thermal stress caused by rapid heating / cooling. For this reason, it becomes easy to generate | occur | produce a crack by a thermal stress and a mechanical stress, and the lifetime of an immersion lance falls remarkably.
[0007]
In addition, ultrafine powders such as silica flour and calcined alumina react with impurities such as alumina cement, Fe 2 O 3 , Na 2 O, K 2 O, and MgO at high temperatures to form a liquid phase, and CaO and Similarly, it promotes the sintering of the structure. For this reason, as described above, cracks are easily generated, and the life of the immersion lance is further reduced.
[0008]
In order to prevent such oversintering, a technique is known in which andalusite is added to a castable for an immersion lance.
[0009]
Since Andalusite has a large coefficient of thermal expansion at 1500 ° C. of 1.5%, repeated expansion and contraction due to temperature increase / decrease causes microcracks in the structure, thereby preventing oversintering.
[0010]
However, the addition of andalusite decreases the corrosion resistance, so the amount added must be kept to a minimum. For this reason, conventionally, it has been difficult to obtain a castable refractory material having both corrosion resistance and spalling resistance.
[0011]
In view of such problems of the prior art, the present invention improves the spalling resistance without reducing the corrosion resistance, and can greatly improve the service life of the immersion lance. The purpose is to provide.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, of Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 quality low cement castables to alumina cement binder, the kyanite blended 1 to 3 wt% and undershoot Ryu site 2~6Wt%, the sum of both the amount The gist of the castable refractory is characterized by being 3 wt% or more.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The castable refractory of the present invention is blended with Al 2 O 3 —SiO 2 quality low cement castable with alumina cement as a binder, 1-3 wt% of kayanite and 2-6 wt% of andalusite, The total amount is 3 wt% or more.
[0014]
By blending kyanite in an amount of 1 to 3 wt%, the blending amount of andalusite can be suppressed to 2 to 6 wt%, and a decrease in corrosion resistance can be suppressed, and oversintering can be prevented.
[0015]
The reason why the total amount of kyanite and andalusite is 3 wt% or more is that if it is less than 3 wt%, the effect of suppressing oversintering is not observed, and the spalling resistance cannot be improved.
[0016]
Since kyanite and andalusite have different thermal expansion characteristics, it is considered that they have different effects on the thermal history of the immersion lance, for example.
[0017]
That is, for the initial thermal history of the immersion lance, kyanite having a larger coefficient of thermal expansion than that of Andalusite is involved and microcracks are generated. In addition, with respect to the subsequent thermal history, it is considered that the expansion and contraction of Andalusite advances microcracks and suppresses oversintering of the structure.
[0018]
The weight ratio of andalusite is preferably 1 to 2 with respect to the weight ratio of kyanite.
[0019]
The particle size of kyanite is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm, and the particle size of andalusite is preferably 1 to 5 mm.
[0020]
In this way, kyanite having a particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 mm and andaludite having a particle size of 1 to 5 mm are combined, and the blending amount of both is set to 1: (1-2). Therefore, oversintering of the refractory can be surely suppressed, and the blending amount of andalusite can be suppressed to about 1/2 of the blending amount when suppressing oversintering with andalusite alone. It is possible to reliably improve the spalling resistance without reducing the corrosion resistance.
[0021]
The reason why the particle size of the kyanite is 0.1 to 1.0 mm is that the effect of generating microcracks is not sufficient if it is less than 0.1 mm, and large cracks are likely to occur instead of microcracks if it exceeds 1.0 mm. Because.
[0022]
The reason why the particle size of Andalusite is 1 to 5 mm is that if it is less than 1 mm, the corrosion resistance is significantly reduced due to the microcracking effect, and if it exceeds 5 mm, large cracks are likely to occur.
[0023]
When the weight ratio of kyanite and andalusite deviates from 1: 1 to 1: 2, the following problems occur. For example, when the weight ratio is 2: 1, a large crack is likely to occur in the immersion lance, and the effect of improving the spalling resistance may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when the weight ratio is 1: 3, the effect of reducing the addition amount of andalusite is reduced, and there is a concern that the corrosion resistance is lowered.
[0024]
The castable refractory of the present invention is optimal for use as a castable refractory for an immersion lance.
[0025]
【Example】
Examples 1-5
The castable refractories of Examples 1 to 5 were manufactured by blending kyanite and andalusite with the particle sizes and blending amounts shown in Table 1.
[0026]
Each castable refractory was coated on the outer periphery of a steel pipe lance pipe having a diameter of 34 mm over a diameter of 130 mm and a length of 300 mm to obtain a simulated immersion lance specimen.
[0027]
While supplying air at a pressure of 4 kg / cm 2 to the lance pipe (steel pipe) of each specimen, it was inserted into an electric furnace heated to 1400 ° C. for 15 minutes. Thereafter, it was taken out from the electric furnace, the supply of air was stopped, and it was cooled in the atmosphere for 30 minutes. The above thermal cycle was repeated 20 times, and a thermal shock was applied to each specimen.
[0028]
After the test, the specimen was cut and the occurrence of cracks was visually observed.
[0029]
In addition, an erosion test was performed on each specimen to obtain a erosion index. In the erosion test, a 40 × 40 × 160 mm specimen was immersed in SS400 dissolved at about 1650 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, the specimen was cut, and the amount of erosion (area damaged) was measured.
[0030]
Comparative Examples 1-7
Similarly, kyanite and andalusite were blended in the particle sizes and blending amounts shown in Table 2 to produce castable refractories of Comparative Examples 1-7. And the spalling test and the erosion test were done like Examples 1-5.
[0031]
Comparative Examples 7 and 8 are conventional products containing only Andalusite.
[0032]
Each test result was evaluated based on the occurrence of cracks and the amount of erosion in Comparative Example 8 (containing 15 wt% of Andalusite).
[0033]
That is, in the spalling test, the crack occurrence status of Comparative Example 7 was evaluated as ◯, the better than this criterion was evaluated as ◎, the slightly worse one was evaluated as Δ, and the worse one was evaluated as ×. Further, in the erosion test, the erosion index of Comparative Example 8 was set to 100, and a larger number represents a higher corrosion resistance.
[0034]
As is apparent from Tables 1 and 2, in the comparative examples, when the spalling resistance was improved, the corrosion resistance deteriorated, but in Examples 1 to 5, the spalling resistance could be improved without reducing the corrosion resistance. .
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the castable refractory of the present invention, the blending amount of andalusite can be suppressed to about 1/2 of the case where oversintering is suppressed by andalusite alone, thereby reducing the corrosion resistance without reducing the corrosion resistance. The spalling performance can be improved. Therefore, if the castable refractory of the present invention is applied to an immersion lance, the durability of the immersion lance can be greatly improved.
[0036]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example. The addition ratio and addition amount of the kyanite and andalusite of the present invention can also be applied to castable refractories other than those for immersion lances to which andalusite is added in order to improve the spalling resistance.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003606352
[Table 2]
Figure 0003606352

Claims (4)

アルミナセメントを結合剤とするAl−SiO質低セメントキャスタブルに、カイヤナイトを1〜3wt%とアンダリュサイト2〜6wt%を配合し、両者の配合量の合計を3wt%以上としたことを特徴とするキャスタブル耐火物。Al 2 O 3 —SiO 2 quality low cement castable using alumina cement as a binder, 1 to 3 wt% of kyanite and 2 to 6 wt% of andalusite are added, and the total amount of both is set to 3 wt% or more. Castable refractory characterized by カイヤナイトとアンダリュサイトの配合比を重量比で1:1〜1:2としたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のキャスタブル耐火物。The castable refractory according to claim 1, wherein the blending ratio of kyanite and andalusite is 1: 1 to 1: 2. カイヤナイトの粒径を0.1〜1.0mm、アンダリュサイトの粒径を1〜5mmとしたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のキャスタブル耐火物。The castable refractory according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of kyanite is 0.1 to 1.0 mm, and the particle size of andalusite is 1 to 5 mm. 浸漬ランス用のキャスタブル耐火物として用いられることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のキャスタブル耐火物。The castable refractory according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the castable refractory is used as a castable refractory for an immersion lance.
JP30813397A 1997-10-23 1997-10-23 Castable refractories Expired - Fee Related JP3606352B2 (en)

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