JP3608020B2 - Aiming and ranging optics - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a standard distance measuring optical system used in an aiming distance measuring apparatus that measures a distance to a target and aims at the target.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an aiming and ranging optical system according to the prior art, there is one disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-23832. Here, the aiming and ranging optical system according to the prior art will be described with reference to FIG. The aiming and ranging optical system shown in FIG. 6 is used, for example, when a gunner on a tank or the like aims at the target T. The aiming and ranging optical system includes an aiming eyeglass system 13 for the gunner to observe the target T, a laser beam applied to the target T, and a phase difference between the laser beam and the laser beam returned by the target T. And a reticle projection optical system 10 for displaying where the laser light is irradiated in the field of view observed through the aiming eyeglass system 13 (ranging aiming display). Etc.
[0003]
The above-mentioned aiming and ranging optical system is further provided with a double-sided reflection mirror 9. This double-sided reflective mirror 9 is formed by forming different reflective films on both sides of a plane-parallel plate, and one surface (the surface facing the laser projector / receiver 8) 9a is a dichroic reflective surface. The laser beam b5 emitted from the light projecting / receiving device 8 or the laser beam b6 reflected and returned by the target T is reflected almost 100%, while visible light can be almost transmitted. Further, the other surface 9b (surface toward the reticle projection optical system 10) 9b is a semi-transparent mirror for visible light, and the aiming reticle image beam b7 emitted from the reticle projection optical system 10 is aimed. Guide to the eyeglass system 13.
[0004]
The double-sided reflection mirror 9 can swing about an axis perpendicular to the paper surface. Due to the swinging of the double-sided reflection mirror 9, the laser beam b5 is emitted from the reticle projection optical system 10 at the same time as the direction of the laser beam b5 emitted from the laser light projecting / receiving device 8 and reflected by the reflection surface 9a of the double-sided reflection mirror 9 is changed. The direction of the aiming reticle image beam b7 reflected by the reflecting surface 9b of the double-sided reflection mirror 9 is changed, thereby moving the position of the reticle image formed as an optical image within the field of view of the aiming eyeglass system 13 (double-sided reflection mirror 9). And the laser beam and the aiming reticle image beams b5 ′ and b7 ′ are shown by broken lines). As described above, the double-sided reflection mirror 9 is formed on a plane-parallel plate, and the ranging beam b5 (b5 ') and the aiming reticle image beam b7 reflected by the respective surfaces of the double-sided reflection mirror 9 are used. It is always parallel to (b7 ′). As a result, the aiming reticle image I (I ′) can indicate where the laser beam emitted from the laser light projecting / receiving device is irradiated in the field of view observed by the eyeglass system 13.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned aiming and ranging optical system, in addition to the above-described aiming reticle image I, a reference reticle fixed with respect to the field of the aiming eyeglass system 13 needs to be displayed in the field of the aiming eyeglass system 13 at the same time. . When the reference reticle is to be displayed by the above-mentioned aiming and ranging optical system, either (1) the reference reticle is placed at the focal position of the objective lens 13a of the aiming eyeglass system 13 (the imaging position of the aiming reticle image I), or 2) It is necessary to provide a reference reticle projection optical system and synthesize a reference reticle image within the field of view of the aiming eyeglass system 13 by a half mirror or the like.
[0006]
Further, in the above-mentioned aiming and ranging optical system, the gunner may not observe the aiming eyeglass system 13 directly and observe it on the monitor screen via an imaging device such as a CCD. Needs to match the position of the aiming reticle image I with the imaging surface of the CCD. However, in the case of (1), the reference reticle cannot be set on the image pickup surface of the CCD covered with the protective glass. On the other hand, it is conceivable that an image corresponding to the reference reticle image is electrically superimposed and displayed on the monitor screen. However, when the aiming eyeglass system 13 has a variable magnification optical system, or the objective lens 13a. Can be changed to one having a different focal length, the reference position where the reference reticle image is to be formed varies with the zooming operation of the aiming eyeglass system or the replacement of the objective lens 13a. In some cases, the position where the reference reticle image is formed becomes inaccurate.
[0007]
In the case of (2), when the sighting spectacle system 13 has a variable magnification optical system, or when the objective lens 13a can be changed to one having a different focal length, the reference reticle image is sighting spectacle optical. It is necessary to arrange a half mirror for guiding it to the optical path of the system 13 between the double-sided reflection mirror 9 and the objective lens 13a, and it is very difficult to arrange the half mirror in a limited space. . On the other hand, it is conceivable to arrange a half mirror between the objective lens 13a and the imaging position of the aiming reticle image I and project the reference reticle image on the aiming reticle image I. A structure in which the optical system for projecting the reference reticle and the objective lens 13a have to be provided integrally, and the magnifying operation of the aiming eyeglass system 13 and the replacement work of the objective lens 13a are difficult.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide an aiming and ranging optical system that can be applied to a type in which an aiming eyeglass system is visually observed, an object having an imaging device, or an object that can be changed or replaced with an aiming eyeglass system. There is to do.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 showing an embodiment.
(1) The invention according to claim 1 is a light projecting means L for emitting a distance measuring beam; and a light receiving device that receives reflected light reflected by the target T when the target T is irradiated with the distance measuring beam. Means S; marker beam projecting means 1h, 1g for emitting a marker beam indicating the irradiation direction of the distance measuring beam; and the distance measuring light beam, the marker beam and the reflected light from the target T on the coaxial optical path P1 Optical path guiding means 1b, 1c, 1d for guiding; deflecting means 2 disposed on the coaxial optical path P1 and capable of adjusting the direction of light traveling on the coaxial optical path P1, and disposed on the optical path P2 deflected by the deflecting means 2 A dichroic reflecting surface 3dc that reflects and guides the distance measuring beam and reflected light from the target T in a predetermined direction and transmits external light incident from the marker beam and the target T side; c, and a half mirror surface 3hm that semi-transmits the marker beam and the external light transmitted through the dichroic reflecting surface 3dc; and is disposed on the optical path P4 of the marker beam that proceeds semi-transmitted through the half mirror surface 3hm. A projection lens 4 having a positive focal length; and a reflection surface 5r which is disposed at the focal position of the projection lens 4 and reflects a light beam emitted from the projection lens 4 so as to re-enter the projection lens 4. A reflective reticle member 5 provided with a reference reticle 5p through a part of the surface 5r; and an illuminating means 6 for emitting illumination light toward the projection lens 4 from the rear of the reflective reticle member 5; The member 5 is further formed with a refracting surface 5m on the surface facing the reflecting surface 5r. When the marker beam reciprocates through the refracting surface 5m, the refracting surface 5m By the folding action, a predetermined declination is given to the principal ray of the marker beam, and the illumination light transmitted through the reticle portion of the reflective reticle member 5 is reflected by the half mirror surface 3hm via the projection lens 4 and thereby described above. To achieve the goal.
(2) According to the second aspect of the present invention, the imaging optical system or the observation optical system 7 disposed on the optical path P5 of the marker beam that reciprocates through the projection lens 4 and is reflected and guided by the half mirror surface 3hm is provided. Further, the declination angle is set so that the marker beam that reciprocates through the refractive surface 5m of the reflective reticle member 5 enters the entrance pupil of the imaging optical system or the observation optical system 7.
[0010]
In the section of the means for solving the above-described problems for explaining the configuration of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the invention are used for easy understanding of the present invention. It is not limited.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an aiming and ranging optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention. This aiming and ranging optical system guides the light projection beam emitted from the aiming and ranging unit 1 to the target T via the deflecting device 2 and the double-sided reflection mirror 3, and the received light beam is reflected by the target T so that the double-sided reflection mirror 3. The distance to the target T is measured by the time difference (phase difference between the light projection beam and the light reception beam) until it returns to the aiming distance measurement unit via the deflecting device 2. At this time, an aiming marker beam indicating the irradiation direction (sighting) of the projection beam is emitted from the aiming and ranging unit 1 coaxially with the above-described projection beam. Then, the aiming marker is superimposed and displayed on the display monitor M on which the field of view on the target T side that is transmitted through the double-sided reflection mirror 3 and captured by the imaging device 7 is displayed. On the display monitor M, a reference reticle for indicating the center of the field of view captured by the imaging device 7 is displayed in a superimposed manner by a method described later. While observing the display monitor M, the gunner adjusts the irradiation direction of the distance measuring laser beam by adjusting the deflection angle of the deflecting device 2 by an instruction device (not shown). This makes it possible to measure the distance while aiming at a target in the field of view.
[0012]
The details of the aiming and ranging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A laser beam (projection beam) emitted from a laser oscillator L disposed inside the aiming and ranging unit 1 is expanded to a predetermined beam diameter via an inverse Galileo beam expander 1a, and then a light receiving lens 1c. It is guided along the optical path P1 through the mirror 1b attached to the lens. Subsequently, the light projection beam is guided along the optical path P2 by a movable mirror 2a incorporated in the deflecting device 2 (details of the deflecting device 2 will be described later), and a double-sided reflecting mirror in which thin films are formed on both surfaces of parallel plane glass. 3 reaches the target T by being guided along the optical path P3 by the dichroic reflecting surface (DC surface) 3dc. The double-sided reflection mirror 3 is a fixed mirror. The DC surface 3dc reflects only light in the wavelength band of the laser beam and transmits light of other wavelengths. That is, external light from the target T side toward the imaging device 7 (described later) can be transmitted without being reflected.
[0013]
The laser beam (light receiving beam) reflected by the target T is guided along the optical paths P3, P2, and P1, collected by the light receiving lens 1c, and received through the beam splitter 1d, the field stop 1e, and the collimating lens 1f. Guided to element S. At this time, the distance measuring circuit (not shown) detects the phase difference between the light projection beam emitted from the laser oscillator L and the light reception beam reflected by the target T and incident on the light receiving element S, and based on this, the target T is detected. The distance is calculated. The field stop 1e guides only the light parallel to the optical path P1 out of the reflected light from the target T to the light receiving element S. The center of the field stop 1e is disposed on the optical axis of the light receiving lens 1c.
[0014]
The aiming distance measuring unit 1 includes an aiming reticle 1h in addition to the laser oscillator L, the beam expander 1a, the mirror 1b, the light receiving lens 1c, the beam splitter 1d, the field stop 1e, the collimating lens 1f, and the light receiving element S described above. The light of the lamp 1g transmitted through the aiming reticle 1h is guided along the optical path P1 as an aiming marker beam through the beam splitter 1d and the light receiving lens 1c. The position of the aiming reticle 1h is coincident with the focal plane of the light receiving lens 1c, and at the same time, the center position of the aiming reticle 1h is coincident with the optical axis of the light receiving lens 1c. The light beams emitted from the aiming distance measuring unit 1 configured as described above or incident on the aiming distance measuring unit 1 are all coaxial and parallel. As a result, it is possible to loosen the accuracy when the aiming distance measuring unit 1 is assembled to the aiming distance measuring optical system, and workability is improved. Further, it becomes easy to replace the aiming and ranging unit 1 with the aiming and ranging optical system mounted on a tank or the like, and maintenance is improved.
[0015]
The laser beam splitter 1d is preferably a dichroic beam splitter that reflects almost 100% of the light in the wavelength band of the laser beam and transmits light in the wavelength band of the aiming marker beam.
[0016]
The path of the aiming marker beam guided along the optical path P1 will be described. The aiming marker beam is guided along the optical path P2 by the deflecting device 2 together with the above-described projection beam. Further, the aiming marker beam has a wavelength band different from that of the laser beam described above, and therefore passes through the DC surface 3dc of the double-sided reflection mirror 3.
[0017]
A half mirror surface (HM surface) 3hm is formed on the surface of the double-sided reflective mirror 3 facing the DC surface 3dc. As a result, the aiming marker beam guided along the optical path P2 and transmitted through the DC surface 3dc of the double-sided reflection mirror 3 passes through the HM surface 3hm and travels along the optical path P4. A projection lens 4 is disposed on the optical path P4, and a reference reticle lens 5 is disposed behind the projection lens 4. The reflecting surface 5r of the reference reticle lens 5 and the focal plane of the projection lens 4 are arranged so as to coincide with each other, and the parallel beam of the aiming marker beam traveling straight along the optical path P4 passes through the projection lens 4 and passes through the reference reticle lens 5. Condensed on the reflecting surface 5r. Then, the light is reflected by the reflecting surface 5r and travels again toward the projection lens 4, collimated by the projection lens 4, and becomes a parallel light beam again. Then, the light travels straight along the optical path P4 toward the HM surface 3hm, and a part of the light beam is reflected by the HM surface 3hm and travels along the optical path P5. The aiming marker beam is picked up by the image pickup device 7 together with the external light incident through the DC surface 3dc and the HM surface 3hm from the target T side, so that the aiming marker beam and the external scene are displayed on the display monitor M. Are displayed in a superimposed state. Then, the aiming marker can be displayed corresponding to the laser beam irradiation position in the field of view of the imaging device 7 displayed on the display monitor M by the action described later. The reflecting surface 5r is a flat surface, on which aluminum or silver is deposited as a reflecting film. In addition, a refracting surface 5m is provided on the surface facing the reflecting surface 5r. The operation of the refracting surface 5m will be described later.
[0018]
By the way, on the display monitor M, a reference reticle is displayed in addition to the above-described field of view of the target T and the aiming marker beam. This reference reticle is a reference line indicating the center of the field of view obtained by the imaging device 7 and is fixedly displayed on the display screen of the display monitor M. Here, a method for displaying the reference reticle on the display monitor M will be described. A reference reticle pattern 5p is provided through the reflective film deposited on the reflective surface 5r of the reference reticle lens 5. The reference reticle pattern 5p is provided so that the central portion of the reference reticle pattern 5p and the optical axis of the reference reticle lens 5 coincide. A lamp 6 is disposed behind the reference reticle lens 5, and light emitted from the lamp 6 and transmitted through the reference reticle pattern 5p is collimated by the projection lens 4 to become a reference marker beam. Then, the light is guided to the imaging device 7 via the HM surface 3hm of the double-sided reflection mirror 3 and displayed on the display monitor M. The projection lens 4, the reference reticle lens 5 and the lamp 6 are integrally formed as an optical unit 20, and the light incident on the optical unit 20 or the light emitted from the optical unit 20 is parallel light. Similar to the distance unit 1 (FIG. 1), when assembling the optical unit 20 to the aiming distance measuring optical system, it is only necessary to pay attention to the inclination with respect to the optical axis P4, and it is excellent in assembling workability and maintenance of the aiming distance measuring optical system. .
[0019]
The deflection device 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views schematically showing the aiming and ranging optical system shown in FIG. 1. The deflecting device 2 is provided with a movable mirror (movable mirror 2a, In FIG. 3, only the movable mirrors 2a and 2b) are shown. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component as FIG. 1, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In FIG. 2, the movable mirror 2a is configured to be swingable along the rotation axis x and is driven by a stepping motor (not shown). Thereby, the laser beam and the aiming marker beam emitted from the aiming and ranging unit 1 can be deflected in a one-dimensional direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, two movable mirrors 2a and 2b may be used, and these movable mirrors may be configured to be swingable along rotation axes x and y facing each other at right angles. At this time, the movable mirrors 2a and 2b are independently driven by a stepping motor (not shown) so that the laser beam and the aiming marker beam emitted from the aiming and ranging unit 1 are two-dimensionally oriented, that is, the target T (FIG. 1). Can be deflected in the vertical and horizontal directions.
[0020]
The optical paths of the light projecting beam, the light receiving beam, the aiming marker beam, and the reference marker beam in the aiming and ranging optical system configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part of the configuration of the aiming and ranging optical system shown in FIG. 1, and the same components as those in FIG. In FIG. 4, a light projecting beam b1, a light receiving beam b2, and an aiming marker beam b3 are shown when the movable mirror 2a of the deflecting device 2 is in the neutral position, and these optical paths are shown by solid lines. On the other hand, the light projection beam b1 ′, the light reception beam b2 ′, and the aiming marker beam b3 ′ are those when the movable mirror 2b is swung by a predetermined angle, and these optical paths are indicated by broken lines. The reference marker beam b4 is always guided to the imaging device 7 through a fixed optical path regardless of the angular position of the movable mirror 2a. In order to simplify the description, in the following description with reference to FIG. 4, the description will be made ignoring the refracting action of the refracting surface 5m of the reference reticle lens 5, and the action of the refracting surface 5m will be described later. explain.
[0021]
In FIG. 4, when the movable mirror 2a is in the neutral position, the projection beam b1 out of the projection beam b1 and the aiming marker beam b3 emitted through the deflecting device 2 is the DC surface 3dc of the double-sided reflection mirror 3 as described above. On the other hand, the aiming marker beam b <b> 3 passes through the double-sided reflection mirror 3, travels straight in parallel to the optical axis of the projection lens 4, and enters the projection lens 4. Due to the refractive action of the projection lens 4, the aiming marker beam b 3 is directed toward the focal point of the projection lens 4, reflected by the reflecting surface 5 r of the reference reticle lens 5, and transmitted again through the projection lens 4, with respect to the optical axis of the projection lens 4. And proceed in parallel. Thereafter, the aiming marker beam b3 is reflected by the HM surface 3hm of the double-sided reflection mirror 3 and enters the imaging device 7. The glass substrate of the double-sided reflection mirror 3 is a plane parallel plate as described above, and is reflected by the HM surface 3hm and reflected by the aiming marker beam b3 directed toward the imaging device 7 and reflected by the DC surface and directed toward the target T. It becomes parallel to the beam b1.
[0022]
Next, the optical path when the movable mirror 2a is swung by a predetermined angle will be described with reference to FIG. Of the projected beam b1 ′ and the aiming marker beam b3 ′ emitted through the deflecting device 2, the projected beam b1 ′ is reflected by the DC surface 3dc of the double-sided reflection mirror 3 and travels toward the target T, while the aiming marker beam b3 ′. Passes through the double-sided reflection mirror 3, travels straight along the optical path P <b> 10, and is reflected by the reflection surface 5 r of the reference reticle lens 5 through the projection lens 4. Then, after passing through the projection lens 4 again, it travels straight along the optical path P <b> 11, is reflected by the HM surface 3 hm of the double-sided reflection mirror 3, and enters the imaging device 7. At this time, as described above, the aiming marker beam b3 ′ traveling along the optical path P10 and the aiming marker traveling along the optical path P11 due to the coincidence of the focal plane of the projection lens 4 and the reflecting surface 5r of the reference reticle lens 5 The beam b3 ′ is parallel to the beam b3 ′. Therefore, the aiming marker beam b3 ′ reflected by the HM plane 3hm and directed to the imaging device 7 is reflected in parallel with the projection beam b1 ′ reflected by the DC plane 3dc and directed to the target T. Become.
[0023]
As described above, the projecting beam b1 (b1 ′) reflected from the DC surface 3dc and traveling toward the target T and the aiming marker traveling back and forth through the projection lens 4 and reflected by the HM surface 3hm and traveling toward the imaging device 7 A parallel relationship with the beam b3 (b3 ′) is always maintained. Thereby, the irradiation position of the projection beam b1 (b1 ′) is displayed on the image of the field of view of the imaging device 7 displayed on the display monitor M by the aiming marker.
[0024]
The operation of the refractive surface 5m of the reference reticle lens 5 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a part of the aiming and ranging optical system shown in FIG. 1, and an optical path of the aiming marker beam b3 ′ superimposed thereon. A case where the reference reticle lens 5 does not have a refracting surface 5m is shown in (a), and a case where there is a refracting surface 5m is shown in (b).
[0025]
FIG. 5A shows a case where the aiming marker beam b3 ′ transmitted through the double-sided reflection mirror 3 is incident on the projection lens 4 at a relatively high incident height. In this case, the aiming marker beam b3 ′ reflected by the reflecting surface 5r of the reference reticle lens 5, retransmitted through the projection lens 4 and reflected by the HM surface 3hm travels along the optical path P20. As the distance from the double-sided reflection mirror 3 increases, the distance from the optical axis ax of the optical system of the imaging device 7 also increases. Therefore, when the entrance pupil 7i of the optical system of the imaging device 7 is present at the position shown in FIG. 5A, the imaging device 7 cannot capture the aiming marker beam b3 ′ traveling along the optical path P20.
[0026]
On the other hand, when the reference reticle lens 5 has the refracting surface 5m, the aiming marker beam b3 ′ reciprocally transmitted through the projection lens 4 travels along the optical path P22 parallel to the optical path P21. Then, the light is reflected by the HM surface 3hm, travels along the optical path P23, and enters the entrance pupil 7i of the optical system of the imaging device 7. As a result, the imaging device 7 can capture the aiming marker beam b3 ′ and display the aiming marker on the display monitor M (FIG. 1). By determining the shape of the refractive surface 5m of the reference reticle lens 5 in this way, the aiming marker beam b3 ′ can be guided to the imaging device 7 in accordance with the position and size of the entrance pupil 7i of the optical system of the imaging device 7. it can. The refracting surface 5m may be a flat surface or a convex lens surface depending on the position and size of the entrance pupil of the optical system of the imaging device 7.
[0027]
In the description of the above embodiment, the DC surface 3dc and the HM surface 3hm are formed on both surfaces of a parallel plane glass plate. For example, two pellicle mirrors are stretched in parallel, and each of them is DC A surface or an HM surface may be formed.
[0028]
In the correspondence between the embodiment of the present invention and the claims, the laser oscillator L is the light projecting means, the light receiving element S is the light receiving means, the aiming reticle 1h and the lamp 1g are the marker beam projecting means, the mirror 1b, the beam The splitter 1d constitutes an optical path guiding means, the deflecting device 2 constitutes a deflecting means, the reference reticle lens 5 constitutes a reflective reticle member, and the lamp 6 constitutes an illuminating means.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the aiming reference position displayed superimposed on the image obtained by the imaging device is moved from the correct position by changing or replacing the optical system such as the imaging device or the observation device. Absent. In addition, the projection beam, the light receiving beam, the aiming marker beam, and the reference marker beam are synthesized before being guided to an optical system such as an imaging device, so that the mounting accuracy of the imaging device and the observation device can be loosened, and assembly is performed. Excellent workability and maintenance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an aiming and ranging optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining the operation of a deflection apparatus built in the aiming and ranging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another example of a deflection device built in the aiming and ranging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a principal optical path diagram of the aiming and ranging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the action of the refractive surface 5m of the reference reticle lens 5 of the aiming and ranging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an aiming and ranging optical system according to a conventional technique.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sighting and ranging unit 1b Mirror 1c Light receiving lens 1d Beam splitter 1h Aiming reticle 2 Deflector 2a Movable mirror 3 Double-sided reflective mirror 3dc Dichroic reflective surface 3hm Half mirror surface 4 Projection lens 5 Reference reticle lens 5m Refractive surface 5r Reflective surface 5p Reticle pattern 6 Lamp 7 Imaging device L Laser oscillator M Display monitor S Light receiving element T Target

Claims (2)

A light projecting means for emitting a ranging beam;
A light receiving means for receiving reflected light reflected by the target when the target is irradiated with the ranging beam;
Marker beam projecting means for emitting a marker beam indicating the irradiation direction of the distance measuring beam;
An optical path guiding means for guiding the distance measuring light beam, the marker beam, and the reflected light onto a coaxial optical path;
Deflecting means disposed on the coaxial optical path and capable of adjusting the direction of light traveling on the coaxial optical path;
A dichroic disposed on the optical path deflected by the deflecting means, which reflects and guides the distance measuring beam and the reflected light in a predetermined direction, and transmits the marker beam and external light incident from the target side. A reflective surface;
A marker mirror beam that is provided in parallel with the dichroic reflection surface, and a half mirror surface that semi-transmits the external light, and the marker beam that has passed through the dichroic reflection surface;
A projection lens having a positive focal length disposed on an optical path of the marker beam that travels semi-transparently through the half mirror surface;
A reflective surface is provided at the focal position of the projection lens, reflects a light beam emitted from the projection lens and re-enters the projection lens, and a reference reticle is provided through a part of the reflective surface. A reflected reticle member,
Illuminating means for emitting illumination light from the back of the reflective reticle member toward the projection lens;
The reflective reticle member further includes a refracting surface formed on a surface facing the reflecting surface, and when the marker beam reciprocates through the refracting surface, the refraction action of the refracting surface causes the principal ray of the marker beam. Is given a predetermined declination,
The aiming and ranging optical system according to claim 1, wherein the illumination light transmitted through the reticle part of the reflective reticle member is reflected by the half mirror surface through the projection lens. In the aiming and ranging optical system according to claim 1,
Further comprising an imaging optical system or an observation optical system disposed on an optical path of a marker beam that reciprocates through the projection lens and is reflected and guided by the half mirror surface,
The aiming and ranging optical system, wherein the declination angle is set so that the marker beam that has reciprocally transmitted through the refractive surface of the reflective reticle member enters the entrance pupil of the imaging optical system or the observation optical system system.

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