JP3609738B2 - Garbage drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage drying apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
If garbage is left untreated, it tends to rot in a short period of time, which may cause foul odors, cause environmental pollution such as water pollution in rivers, and cause pests such as flies and mosquitoes. Especially in food processing factories where a large amount of processing residue is generated as raw garbage every day, restaurants and restaurants where leftovers are left over, and grocery stores and supermarkets where unsold food waste is generated. It is a problem. Such so-called business-related garbage may be restricted from being collected by local governments, so each individual or multiple business establishments outsources composting or fodder processing to itself or a specialist. Is increasing. In addition, in addition to the food and animal food residue (leftover food and cooking waste) referred to in the Waste Disposal and Cleaning Act, the food waste here is discarded due to animal and vegetable food waste (expiration of expiration date, expiry date, etc.). Food and ingredients) and organic wastes.
[0003]
By the way, in order to smoothly perform the composting process of raw garbage, a feed process, etc., a moisture content may be reduced beforehand. As an example of the drying apparatus used in such a case, there are vertical internal circulation type drying apparatuses disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication Nos. 6-42722 and 6-46560. In these drying devices, steam or the like is formed between the inner and outer wall surfaces constituting the drying chamber while circulating and flowing the garbage in a cylindrical drying chamber in the vertical direction after being lifted by a helical screw and dropped by its own weight. The moisture content is reduced by evaporating moisture from the heated garbage with the inner wall surface as the heat transfer surface.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a drying apparatus, in order to shorten the drying time (the time required for reducing the moisture content of raw garbage), the cylindrical drying chamber is lengthened (increased) to widen the heat transfer area. There is a need. However, when the drying chamber is elongated, the weight of garbage is concentrated on the bottom of the drying chamber, which increases the pressing force that pushes the bottom, which hinders the collection of garbage at the lower end (starting end) of the helical screw ( Clogging) is likely to occur. In addition, if the drying chamber is elongated, a sturdy support structure is required to prevent the drying chamber from falling or tilting, which leads to an increase in the size of the apparatus.
[0005]
Therefore, the problem of the present invention is that the heat transfer area can be widened without increasing the overall length of the apparatus, and it is difficult for clogging to take up garbage at the beginning of the helical screw. It is an object of the present invention to provide a garbage drying apparatus capable of shortening the drying time by improving the above.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a drying apparatus for reducing the moisture content of garbage according to the present invention is as follows:
An outer cylinder extending vertically,
An inner cylinder part that is provided inside the outer cylinder part and divides the inside of the outer cylinder part into a rising space for garbage on the center side and a falling space for garbage on the outside;
A screw shaft disposed so as to extend vertically in the rising space inside the inner cylinder portion and a screw having a spiral blade portion formed on the screw shaft;
A screw drive for rotating the screw;
A garbage supply unit provided above an upper communication part for communicating the descending space and the ascending space on the upper side,
A bottom part for communicating the descending space and the ascending space on the lower side and receiving a load of the garbage;
A heating part provided as a heat source circulation part for circulating heating steam inside the outer cylinder part and inside the inner cylinder part ;
A heating and drying fluid formed inside the screw shaft and heated by a heating source common to the heating steam is supplied from the upper end portion through a supply pipe, and at least the lower end portion has a blowout opening for the heating and drying fluid. And a drying heat source distribution section provided with
While the garbage supplied from the supply unit descends by its own weight in the descending space, the garbage transferred to the bottom part rises in the ascending space by the rotation of the screw, and further, the descending space from the upper communication part. in the circulation moving back to, heated and dried to blow the the heating unit is flowing through the heating steam and drying based on contact with the outer cylindrical portion and the inner cylindrical portion, the dry heat source circulating unit through the outlet at the lower end portion Drying with a fluid is performed in the form of simultaneous progress, the garbage is heated, and the moisture content of the garbage is reduced by evaporation of moisture.
[0007]
That is, in the present invention, the drying space is divided into the falling space and the rising space of the garbage by the outer tube portion and the inner tube portion, and the heating portion is provided in at least one of the outer tube portion and the inner tube portion. Thus, the heat transfer area can be widened without increasing the overall length of the apparatus. In addition, since the apparatus does not have to be elongated, the pressing force pushing the bottom becomes relatively small, and clogging is less likely to occur when taking up garbage at the screw start end. Therefore, the drying time can be shortened by improving the drying efficiency and the operation rate. In addition, in order to prevent the apparatus from falling or tilting, a sturdy support structure is not required, and the apparatus can be prevented from being enlarged.
[0008]
And if the bottom part has the inclined inner wall which inclined in the taper shape and the stirring member which rotates coaxially integrally with the screw in the vicinity of the inclined inner wall is provided, the garbage is stirred by the inclined inner wall and the stirring member. Guided from the descending space to the ascending space. Accordingly, the garbage is smoothly taken into the starting end portion of the screw along the inclined inner wall, and clogging at this portion is less likely to occur.
[0009]
Furthermore, the heat source fluid is circulated through the inside of the outer cylinder part and / or the inside of the inner cylinder part, and not only drying by heating based on contact with the outer cylinder part and / or the inner cylinder part but also the inside of the screw shaft. Further, the drying of the garbage can be further promoted by blowing out the heating and drying fluid (dry heating air or the like) from the outlet at the lower end.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. This drying apparatus 1 has a vertical internal circulation type drying chamber 50. The garbage G is introduced into the drying chamber 50 from the upper supply unit 40, and the moisture content thereof is, for example, 80% to 50% from the initial 80%. After being reduced to the extent, it can be taken out from the opening / closing take-out part 60 at the lower end, and is used in a pre-process of composting treatment or feed conversion treatment.
[0011]
The drying apparatus 1 includes an outer cylinder portion 10 that extends in the vertical direction, an inner cylinder portion 20 provided inside the outer cylinder portion 10, and a top portion that is attached in such a manner as to close the openings at the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder portion 10 and the inner cylinder portion 20. 39 and the bottom 30. And by the inner cylinder part 20 provided inside the outer cylinder part 10, the inside of the outer cylinder part 10 (drying chamber 50) and the column-shaped rising space 53 of the garbage G located in the center side of the inner cylinder part 20 and And an annular descending space 51 of the garbage G located outside thereof.
[0012]
Among these, in the ascending space 53, the screw 24 having a screw shaft 23 and a spiral blade portion 23a formed on the outer periphery thereof is arranged so as to extend vertically. The tip of the blade portion 23 a of the screw 24 rotates so as to be close to the inner cylinder inner wall 21, and allows the garbage G to move up in the rising space 53. Further, the descending space 51 and the ascending space 53 communicate with each other through the upper communication portion 54 on the upper side and the lower communication portion 52 on the lower side. As a result, in the internal space of the outer cylinder portion 10 (drying chamber 50), a circulation path of the garbage G shown by the descending space 51 → the lower communicating portion 52 → the ascending space 53 → the upper communicating portion 54 → the descending space 51 is formed. Is done. In the descending space 51, the garbage G falls by its own weight.
[0013]
The garbage supply unit 40 is provided substantially horizontally so that the inlet opening 41 faces the tangential direction of the tip of the screw 24 (blade 23a) (see FIG. 2). In other words, the insertion port 42 that communicates with the inlet opening 41 and opens at the top of the inner cylinder inner wall 11 has a predetermined angle with respect to the radial direction of the inner cylinder part 20 and the outer cylinder part 10 along the rotational direction of the screw 24. Inclined and provided above the upper communication portion 54. Garbage G introduced from the supply unit 40 (input port 42) is discharged above the annular descending space 51 along the inner wall 11 of the outer cylinder, falls by its own weight, and joins the circulation path.
[0014]
Inside the bottom portion 30, the descending space 51 and the ascending space 53 are communicated, and a lower communicating portion 52 is formed in which the garbage G changes its direction from the descending side (the descending space 51) to the ascending side (the ascending space 53). . The bottom inner wall 31 of the bottom 30 receives the load of the garbage G in the drying chamber 50.
[0015]
A heating part 90 is provided inside the outer cylinder part 10, the inner cylinder part 20 and the bottom part 30. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the heating unit 90 includes an outer cylinder side heat source circulation unit 91 (heat source circulation unit) that circulates water vapor as a heat source fluid between the outer cylinder inner wall 11 and the outer cylinder outer wall 12. have. Outer cylinder side heat source inlet 91a (a plurality of (for example, 2 to 4)) heating steam (water vapor; heat source fluid) from a heat steam generator 81 including a once-through boiler of the heating source 80 is provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. 2) and flows out from a plurality of (for example, 2 to 4) outer cylinder side heat source outlets 91b provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction and returns to the thermal steam generator 81.
[0016]
The heating unit 90 includes an inner cylinder side heat source circulation section 92 (heat source circulation section) that circulates water vapor between the inner cylinder inner wall 21 and the inner cylinder outer wall 22. A plurality of (for example, 2 to 4) steam is supplied from the inner cylinder side heat source inlet 92a provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of (for example, 2 to 4) inner cylinder side heat sources provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. It flows out from the outlet 92b (see also FIG. 3). Furthermore, the heating unit 90 has a bottom side heat source circulation part 93 (heat source circulation part) for circulating water vapor between the bottom inner wall 31 and the bottom outer wall 32, and the water vapor is supplied from the bottom side heat source inlet 93a. It flows out from the bottom side heat source outlet 93b.
[0017]
Thus, by providing the heating part 90 inside the outer cylinder part 10, the inner cylinder part 20, and the bottom part 30, the heat transfer area can be increased without increasing the overall length of the apparatus. The pipes constituting the inner cylinder side heat source inlet 92a and the inner cylinder side heat source outlet 92b also have a function as a support stay for supporting and fixing the inner cylinder part 20 to the outer cylinder part 10, thereby providing a structure. Simplification. In FIG. 6, the outer cylinder side heat source circulation section 91, the inner cylinder side heat source circulation section 92, and the bottom side heat source circulation section 93 each form a separate heat source circulation loop. For example, the heat steam generator 81 → outside A continuous loop such as the cylinder side heat source circulation part 91 → the inner cylinder side heat source circulation part 92 → the bottom side heat source circulation part 93 → the thermal steam generator 81 may be formed. Can be shortened.
[0018]
Apart from the above, a part of the water vapor generated in the hot steam generator 81 is supplied to the heated air generator 82 and is, for example, 70 to 150 ° C., particularly 100 to 120 ° C. by a heat exchanger or the like in the heated air generator 82. The heated and dried air heated to is supplied to the upper end portion of the screw shaft 23 via the blower 83 and the supply pipe 84. The inside of the screw shaft 23 is a screw shaft side heat source circulation section 94 (drying heat source circulation section) that circulates heated and dried air heated by a common heat source with water vapor, and the heated and dried air is at the upper end of the screw shaft 23. Supplied from the screw shaft side heat source inlet 94a and ejected from a screw shaft side heat source outlet 94b (blower) at the lower end of the screw shaft 23.
[0019]
Thus, in the drying chamber 50, water vapor is circulated through the outer cylinder side heat source circulation part 91 and the inner cylinder side heat source circulation part 92, and drying is performed by heating based on contact with the outer cylinder part 10 or the inner cylinder part 20. And the drying by the heating dry air which blows off from the screw shaft side heat source exit 94b of the lower end part through the screw shaft side heat source circulation part 94 is performed in the form which advances simultaneously. Therefore, drying of the garbage G can be further promoted.
[0020]
The supply pipe 84 and the screw shaft side heat source inlet 94a are coupled to each other by a rotary joint 94c so as to be relatively rotatable. As a result, the supply of heated and dried air to the screw shaft side heat source circulation section 94 and the rotation of the screw 24 generate the product. The transfer of the waste G can be performed without any trouble between the inside and the outside of the screw shaft 23. The heated and dried air ejected from the screw shaft side heat source outlet 94 b also heats the garbage moving through the terminal end (lower end) of the descending space 51, the lower communication portion 52, or the starting end (lower end) of the ascending space 53. A drying effect can be exerted, and the drying efficiency of garbage can be increased. In addition, since the heated and dried air is heated by a common heat source (thermal steam generator 81) with water vapor, it is possible to simplify the heat piping system.
[0021]
Further, the heated and dried air that circulates inside the screw shaft 23 can also heat the raw garbage G that is moving up the ascending space 53 from its center side to promote the evaporation of moisture, thereby further improving the drying efficiency. And the drying time can be shortened. The evaporation of moisture from the garbage G may be further promoted by providing a radial outlet on the peripheral surface of the screw shaft 23 and blowing heated dry air therefrom.
[0022]
In the vicinity of the upper communication portion 54, a duct 70 for exhausting evaporated water from the garbage G is provided. In the upper communication portion 54 which is a position changing direction from the ascending space 53 to the descending space 51, the gap between the garbages G spreads and varies, so that the moisture easily evaporates. Will be lost.
[0023]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 denotes a screw drive device, which includes an electric motor with a speed reducer for driving the screw shaft 23, a transmission member such as a chain, and the like. In addition, 110 is a heat insulating material for covering and drying the drying chamber 50 from the outside, 111 is a support frame for supporting the drying chamber 50 from the outside, 112 is an inspection lid provided on the upper surface of the top 39, and 113 is the outer cylinder portion 10. This is an inspection cover provided on the outer peripheral surface.
[0024]
Next, the structure of the lower end portion and the bottom portion 30 of the screw shaft 23 will be described with reference to an enlarged view shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the bottom portion 30 has a tapered inner wall 31 and an outer wall 32 inclined in a tapered shape having substantially the same inclination (for example, 30 to 60 °), and is close to the inclined inner wall 31. A plurality of stirring rods 25 (stirring members) that rotate integrally with the screw shaft 23 are bent at one end or a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction so that the tip of the stirring rod 25 is bent in the direction orthogonal to the axis when drying. Book; see FIG. 4B). The garbage G is stirred by the inclined inner wall 31 and the stirring rod 25, and is scraped and guided from the descending space 51 to the ascending space 53 through the lower communication portion 52. Accordingly, the garbage G is smoothly taken into the start end portion of the screw 24 along the inclined inner wall 31, and even when the garbage G has a relatively large particle size, the stirring rod 25 does not impede the flow and clogging occurs. It becomes difficult.
[0025]
Further, the upper end of the stirring rod 25 is located above the starting end (lower end) of the screw 24 and the upper end of the inclined inner wall 31 . By setting the positional relationship as described above, the garbage G is smoothly taken in by the lower communicating portion 52 by the stirring rod 25.
[0026]
Furthermore, since the starting end (lower end) of the screw 24 is located below the upper end of the inclined inner wall 31, clogging of the garbage G at the starting end portion of the rising space 53 can be prevented.
[0027]
In FIG. 4B, reference numeral 26 denotes a reinforcing material that also serves to fix the stirring rod 25 to the screw shaft 23.
[0028]
FIG. 5 shows a modification of the stirring member. A stirring blade 25a (stirring member) that rotates integrally with the screw shaft 23 is provided close to the inclined inner wall 31, and the garbage G is lowered by the inclined inner wall 31 and the stirring blade 25a through the lower communication portion 52 while being stirred. Guided from the space 51 to the rising space 53 side. Therefore, the garbage G is smoothly taken into the starting end portion of the screw 24 along the inclined inner wall 31 also by the stirring blade 25a.
[0029]
Returning to FIG. 4A again, the bottom portion 30 is provided with an open / close extraction portion 60 for taking out the garbage G ′ after drying. The bottom lid 61 that closes the central opening 30a of the bottom portion 30 is locked by an air cylinder 62 (such as air closing) during operation (during drying). When taking out the garbage G ′ after drying, the upper end surface of the bottom lid 61 is positioned lower than the lower end surface of the bottom portion 30 via the air cylinder 62 (air release or the like). Next, the support arm 64 is rotated largely (preferably 90 to 180 °) around the support shaft 63 in the axial direction to open the central opening 30a. The dried garbage G ′ falling from the central opening 30a is received by a container box CB or the like, or conveyed by a belt conveyor, screw conveyor, air conveyance, etc., and transferred to an appropriate next process such as a composting process. To do. In addition, when taking out the garbage G ′ after drying, if the screw 24 is rotated in the direction opposite to that at the time of drying, the garbage G ′ after drying may be easily taken out.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.
3 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
4 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1 and a YY sectional view thereof.
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the stirring member.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of a heat source fluid.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drying apparatus 10 Outer cylinder part 20 Inner cylinder part 23 Screw shaft 23a Blade | wing part 24 Screw 25 Stirring rod (stirring member)
30 Bottom 31 Inclined inner wall 40 Supply unit 50 Drying chamber 51 Lowering space 52 Lower communication part 53 Ascending space 54 Upper communication part 60 Opening and closing extraction part 70 Duct 80 Heating source 90 Heating part (heat source circulation part)
94 Screw shaft side heat source circulation section (dry heat source circulation section)
94b Screw shaft side heat source outlet (air outlet)
100 Screw drive

Claims (4)

In a drying device that reduces the moisture content of raw garbage,
An outer cylinder extending vertically,
An inner cylinder part that is provided inside the outer cylinder part and divides the inside of the outer cylinder part into a rising space for garbage on the center side and a falling space for garbage on the outside;
A screw shaft disposed so as to extend vertically in the rising space inside the inner cylinder portion, and a screw having a spiral blade portion formed on the screw shaft;
A screw drive for rotating the screw;
A garbage supply unit provided above an upper communication part for communicating the descending space and the ascending space on the upper side,
A bottom portion for communicating the descending space and the ascending space on the lower side and receiving a load of the garbage;
A heating part provided as a heat source circulation part for circulating heating steam inside the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part ;
A heating and drying fluid formed inside the screw shaft and heated by a heating source common to the heating steam is supplied from an upper end portion via a supply pipe, and at least a lower end portion of the heating and drying fluid outlet And a drying heat source distribution section provided with
While the garbage supplied from the supply unit descends by its own weight in the descending space, the garbage that has moved to the bottom part ascends the ascending space by the rotation of the screw, and further from the upper communication part to the descending space. in the circulation moving back to, heated and dried to blow the the heating unit is flowing through the heating steam and drying based on contact with the outer cylindrical portion and the inner cylindrical portion, the dry heat source circulating unit through the outlet at the lower end portion A drying apparatus for garbage which is characterized in that drying with a fluid is performed in the form of simultaneous progress, the garbage is heated, and the moisture content of the garbage is reduced by evaporation of moisture. The bottom is provided with an open / close take-out part for taking out the garbage,
Garbage drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the garbage is rotated in the reverse direction is Eject that during drying the screw opening the closing extraction unit. The raw garbage supply unit is provided substantially horizontally so that its inlet opening faces the tangential direction of the screw tip above the upper communication part,
Wherein in the vicinity of the upper communication portion, garbage drying apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 duct for evacuating the evaporation water from the garbage is provided. The bottom portion has an inclined inner wall that is inclined in a tapered shape, and a stirring member that rotates integrally coaxially with the screw in the vicinity of the inclined inner wall has its upper end positioned above the upper end of the inclined inner wall. The garbage drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the garbage garbage is provided and guided from the descending space to the ascending space side while being stirred by the inclined inner wall and the stirring member .

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