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JP3613813B2 - Manufacturing method of ceramic composite structure - Google Patents
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JP3613813B2 - Manufacturing method of ceramic composite structure - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of ceramic composite structure Download PDF

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JP3613813B2
JP3613813B2 JP19892694A JP19892694A JP3613813B2 JP 3613813 B2 JP3613813 B2 JP 3613813B2 JP 19892694 A JP19892694 A JP 19892694A JP 19892694 A JP19892694 A JP 19892694A JP 3613813 B2 JP3613813 B2 JP 3613813B2
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slurry
composite structure
ceramic
ceramic composite
reinforcing body
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JP19892694A
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JPH0840779A (en
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英紀 北
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Description

【0001】
発明の属する技術分野
この発明は,低熱伝導率を有するセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来,ケイ素Siに,チタンTi,ムライトAl6 Si2 1 3 ,チタン酸アルミニウムAl2 TiO5 ,Y2 3 等の重元素化合物を添加して反応焼結により低熱伝導性と高い寸法精度を持つ材料を作製することが試みられている。しかしがら,このような材料は,強度が十分でなく,例えば,遮熱型エンジンの部品として,高い強度と信頼性を要求される材料としては使用できないのが現状である。
【0003】
また,特開平4−37667号公報には軽量高剛性セラミックス及びその用途が開示されている。該軽量高剛性セラミックスは,気孔率40vol%以下の反応焼結セラミックスマトリックス中に,3次元連続網目状構造体が形成されているものである。
【0004】
また,特開昭62−260778号公報には超耐熱熱防御構造用強化セラミックス複合材が開示されている。該強化セラミックス複合材は,セラミックス繊維の三次元織物に適当なセラミックスの前駆物質を含浸したプリプレグを焼成したものである。
【0005】
また,特開昭64−28282号公報にはじん性と耐壊食性に優れた高強度複合セラミックス焼結体及びその製造方法が開示されている。該高強度複合セラミックス焼結体は,作業面となる表面に単体のセラミックス層を有し,内部にセラミックスと適切な物質を分散させた複合層を有し,分散させた物質がセラミックス,金属の単体,金属の炭化物,金属の窒化物,金属の珪化物及び金属の硼化物から選ばれた一種以上の粒子と,ウィスカー及びファイバーの一種以上の少なくともそのいずれかを含んでいるものである。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前掲特開平4−37667号公報に開示された軽量高剛性セラミックスは,反応焼結セラミックスであるが,焼成時の1%程度の収縮が起きるため,内包されている構造体との間に僅かな隙間が生じ,両者が一体化されず,高強度のセラミックスを得ることができない。また,前掲特開昭62−260778号公報に開示された超耐熱熱防御構造用強化セラミックス複合材は,構成上について反応焼結セラミックスと前駆物質とは異なっているものであり,前駆物質は高価な材料であり,エンジン部品には不適切な材料である。更に,前掲特開昭64−28282号公報に開示されているじん性と耐壊食性に優れた高強度複合セラミックス焼結体は,対象が粒子,ウィスカー,ファイバーであって格子状の補強体を用いたものではない。
【0007】
の発明の目的は,上記の課題を解決することであり,低熱伝導材を得ると共に,強度を増強すると共に強度についての信頼性を向上させることであり,高強度の緻密質セラミックス製のハニカム状の骨格即ち補強体を作製し,その空隙部にSiを主成分として酸化物,Tiを含むスラリーを充填し,該スラリーを積層した積層体のスラリーを反応焼結によって充填部を多孔質セラミックスに転化させ,焼時に充填部が収縮をしないようにして補強体と充填部とを密着結合し,強度を向上させると共に,充填部の低熱伝導材が格子の骨格で分割されているので,亀裂が発生しても瞬時に全体が破損することがないセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法を提供することである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は,S3 4 及びSi−Al−O−Nの少なくとも一種の緻密質セラミックスから成る格子状の補強体を作製し,Siを含むスラリーを作製し,前記補強体の空隙部に前記スラリーを充填して第1積層部を形成し,前記スラリーのみから成る第2積層部を前記第1積層部に積層し,次いで前記格子状の補強体の空隙部に前記スラリーを充填した第3積層部を前記第2積層部に積層して多重に積層体を作製し,前記積層体の前記スラリーを乾燥して窒素雰囲気中での反応焼によって前記Siを含む部分を多孔質セラミックスに転化させ積層された前記補強体と転化した前記多孔質セラミックスとを一体化させることを特徴とするセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法に関する。
【0009】
また,この発明は,Si 3 4 ,Al 2 3 及びY 2 3 から成る混合粉末に有機バインダーを加えてスラリーを作製し,前記スラリーを金型から二次元的に回転させながら押し出し積み重ねて紐状の成形体を形成し,前記成形体を脱脂し焼成してヌードル状セラミックスの補強体を作製し,前記補強体に形成されている空間部にSiを含むスラリーを充填し,次いで,前記Siを含むスラリーを反応焼結させて多孔質セラミックスに転化させて前記多孔質セラミックスを前記補強体に接合して一体化させることを特徴とするセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法に関する。
【0010
また,このセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法において,前記Siを含むスラリーがSi,Al6 Si2 1 3 を含んでいる。或いは,前記Siを含むスラリーがSi,Al6 Si2 1 3 ,Tiを含んでいるものである。更に,窒素雰囲気での焼成後,大気中での加熱処理した焼成によって生成したTiNの一部或いは全部をTiOに転化させたものである。
【0011
のセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法は,Si3 4 又はSi−Al−O−Nの多孔質セラミックスから成る格子状の補強体の空隙部にSiを含むスラリーを充填しつつ前記補強体を順次積層し,前記スラリーを乾燥して窒素雰囲気中での反応焼成によって多孔質セラミックスに転化させ,積層された前記補強体と一体化したので,前記補強体の壁面と転化した多孔質セラミックスとは密着接合され,Tiを含んでいるので,焼成時に収縮することなく,良好な接合面を得ることができる。更に,窒素雰囲気での焼成後,大気中での加熱処理した焼成によって生成したTiNの一部或いは全部をTiOに転化させることによって,安定した多孔質セラミックスに転化させることができる。
【0012
発明の実施の形態
以下,図面を参照して,この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の実施例を説明する。図1はこのセラミックス複合構造体の一例を示す説明図,図2は図1の符号E部分を示す拡大図,図3はセラミックス複合構造体の表面を示し且つ図2の線A−Aにおける断面図,図4は図5の装置によって作製したセラミックス複合構造体と比較例のセラミックスとの時間経過に対する温度上昇を示すグラフ,図5はセラミックスの温度変化を測定する装置を示す説明図,及び図6は本発明品と比較品との強度を測定するための強度試験装置を示す説明図である。
【0013
このセラミックス複合構造体は,Si3 4 及びSi−Al−O−Nの少なくとも一種の緻密質セラミックスから成る格子状の骨組即ち補強体1,補強体1の格子の間隙の充填部3に気孔率10%以上であり且つ少なくともSi,O及びNの全ての元素を含む多孔質セラミックス2が充填されている。多孔質セラミックス2は,格子の壁面4に密着結合されている。充填部3の多孔質セラミックス2の熱伝導率は,7W/m・Kである。また,充填部3の多孔質セラミックス2には,Al6 Si2 1 3 が含まれていることが好ましいものである。特に,充填部3の多孔質セラミックス2は,Tiを含んでいるスラリーが反応によって転化したものである。補強体1は,図3に示すように,その表面5が露出していないものであり,多孔質セラミックス2の被覆層6が配置されている。補強体1の表面5を被覆層6で被覆することによって,セラミックス複合構造体全体として,多孔質セラミックス2で包まれる構造となり,低熱伝導材に構成することができる。
【0014
次に,この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の一実施例について説明する。このセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法において,Si,Al6 Si2 1 3 及びTiを70:20:10の割合で配合して混合粉末を含むスラリーを作製した。一方,Si3 4 の緻密質セラミックスによって壁厚が0.6mm,格子のサイズが5×5mm,厚さ15mm,外径が80mmとした格子状即ちハニカム状の円盤即ち補強体1を作製した。補強体1の格子の空隙で形成される充填部3に上記スラリーを充填した後,スラリーを乾燥させ,次いで,窒素雰囲気中において,1400℃で加熱し,反応焼結させてスラリーを多孔質セラミックスに転化させた。更に,セラミックス複合構造体は,図3に示すように,補強体1の表面5が露出しないように,多孔質セラミックス2の被覆層6が被覆されている。
【0015
のセラミックス複合構造体(本発明品8)は,上記のようにして作製でき,その熱伝導率を検出するため,図5に示すように,高周波加熱コイル10が配置された銅盤7の上に本発明品8を載置して押さえ部材9で固定し,本発明品8の中心部に熱電対11を設置した。高周波加熱コイル10に通電して銅盤7を650℃まで高周波加熱し,時間経過に伴って本発明品8の中心部の温度を測定した。その結果は,図4に示すような測定結果を得た。本発明品8を,比較品の緻密質Si3 4 セラミックスと比較するため,本発明品8と比較品とを置き換えて同様に温度測定を行ったところ,充分に時間が経過した後においても,本発明品8は比較品に比較して200℃程度低い温度であることが分かった。即ち,本発明品8は,十分に低熱伝導材として使用できることが分かった。
【0016
次に,本発明品8の強度を測定するため,同一の形状の試験片を用いると共に,比較品として多孔質セラミックスで試験片を作製した。強度測定の装置として,図6に示す試験機を用いた。本発明品8と比較品との外周部を支持体12で固定し,本発明品と比較品に対してそれらの中心部に上方から外径約30mmの金属棒13をそれぞれ押し付け,金属棒13に荷重2,4,6,8,10及び15トンをそれぞれ加えた。結果は,本発明品8と比較品とは,荷重2,4及び6トンまでは,いずれも割れは発生しなかった。そして,比較品は,8,10及び15トンでは破損した。これに対して,本発明品は,8トンの荷重では割れは発生しなかった。また,本発明品に対して,10トン及び15トンの荷重を付与した場合には,充填部3の多孔質セラミックス2に亀裂が発生していたが,それらの亀裂は全体に発生することなく,亀裂は補強体1の骨組で止まっており,本発明品8が全体的に破損することはなかった。
【0017
このセラミックス複合構造体は,例えば,図7に示すように,遮熱型のピストンに適用することができる。即ち,ピストンは,ピストンヘッド部30のみが示されており,該ピストンヘッド部30がピストンスカート部にメタルフロー等で固定されるものである。ピストンヘッド部30は,例えば,Si3 4 等の緻密質セラミックスで作製されたピストン本体31,及びピストン本体31の凹部32に配置されて接合されているセラミックス複合構造体33から構成されている。セラミックス複合構造体33は,上記のように,補強体1と多孔質セラミックス2から構成されたものであり,低熱伝導材であると共に,安定した十分な強度を有するものである。
【0018
更に,この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の別の実施例について図8を参照して説明する。この実施例では,Si3 4 によって壁厚が500μm,格子のサイズ即ち間隔が5×5mm,厚さ2mmの断面をハニカム状のプレート14を作製した。一方,Si,Si3 4 ,Al6 Si2 1 3 及びTiを50:20:25:5の割合で配合して混合粉末を含むスラリー16を作製した。プレート14の空間部15にスラリー16を充填して第1積層部20を形成した。該第1積層部20の上にスラリー16のみから成る第2積層部21を4mmの厚さで積層した。次いで,第2積層部21の上にプレート14の空間部15にスラリー16を充填した第3積層部22を積層し,多重の積層体を作製した。この積層体を反応焼結法によって窒素雰囲気中において1400℃で加熱して反応焼結し,第1積層部20,第2積層部21及び第3積層部22のスラリー16を多孔質セラミックスに転化させて一体化し,セラミックス複合構造体を作製した。
【0019
この実施例で作製したセラミックス複合構造体は,充填部3の多孔質セラミックス2がその分散相自が複数の相即ち第1積層部20,第2積層部21及び第3積層部22から成る複数の層で構成されているものである。そして,補強体1は,少なくとも表面近傍に配され,中間の第2積層部21では含まれておらず深さ方向に連続していないものである。このセラミックス複合構造体を加熱し,水中に投下して耐熱衝撃性を評価したところ,急冷温度差,400,500及び600℃の条件の下で,セラミックス複合構造体の表面にクラックの発生は生じなかった。
【0020
更に,この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の更に別の実施例について図9を参照して説明する。この実施例では,Si3 4 ,Al2 3 及びY2 3 から成る混合粉末に有機バインダーを加えて十分に混練したスラリーを作製し,該スラリーを成形原料として金型から二次元的に回転させながら,押し出し,それを重ねて行くことで,図9に示す紐状体を作製できる。即ち,直径φ0.8mmの孔が直線上で5mm程度の間隔で開けられた口金を持つ押出成形機のシリンダ内にスラリーを入れて二次元方向に円弧を描くように,押し出し成形を行い,これを積み重ねて行って成形体を作製した。次いで,成形体を脱脂し,焼成して図9に示す紐状体17から成るヌードル状セラミックスの補強体19を作製した。図9では,白色部がヌードル状の紐状体17であり,黒色部が空間部18である。次いで,補強体19の空間部18にスラリー16をスリップキャスティング法によって充填し,反応焼結法によってスラリー16を多孔質セラミックスに転化し,多孔質セラミックスを補強体19に接合して一体化した。この実施例で得たセラミックス複合構造体について,上記実施例の耐熱衝撃性の評価と同様の方法で耐熱衝撃性の評価を行った。この時,比較品として,Si3 4 の補強体を有していない多孔質セラミックスを用いた。
【0021
この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の本発明品と比較品との耐熱衝撃性の試験の結果を,表1に示す。表1から分かるように,補強体のない多孔質セラミックス即ち比較品では,急冷温度差がΔT=400℃,500℃及び600℃のいずれにも亀裂の発生が認められたのに対して,補強体19を内包させた図8及び図9に示す本発明品は,ΔT=400℃,500℃及び600℃のいずれの温度差でも亀裂の発生がなかった。
【表1】

Figure 0003613813
【0022
上記の実施例で作製したセラミックス複合構造体について,熱通過率及び破壊時の荷重即ち強度を測定した結果を表2に示す。熱通過率及び強度の測定にあたっては,いずれも外径80mm,補強体の体積率30%,補強体の太さ0.6mmの試料を使用して比較したデータであり,熱通過率及び強度は,格子状Si3 4 を備えたセラミックス複合構造体即ち試料Aの特性を1とし,それに対する比として示している。試料B及び試料Cは,強度はやや劣るが,熱の通過率の低減の効果が似止められ,これらはいずれも補強体が内部で連続していないことに起因していると考えられる。ここで,試料Aは図8に示す本発明品を示し,試料Bは図9に示す本発明品を示し,試料Cは図10に示す本発明品を示す。
【表2】
Figure 0003613813
【0023
次に,この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の他の実施例を,図10及び図11を参照して説明する。図10はこの発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の他の実施例を示す断面図,及び図11は図10の線B−Bにおける断面図である。この実施例では,直径約100μmのSi3 4 セラミックス製の繊維を二次元状に編んだものを繊維補強体25として,上記実施例に示したものと同様に,スラリー16を充填し,反応焼結法によってスラリー16を多孔質セラミックス26に転化させ,繊維補強体25と多孔質セラミックス26とを一体化させてセラミックス複合構造体を作製した。この実施例で作製したセラミックス複合構造体では,補強体はSi3 4 の繊維又はSi−Al−O−Nの繊維からなる繊維補強体25から構成されている。このセラミックス複合構造体について,上記実施例と同様に耐熱衝撃性の評価を行い,その結果を表1に示す。即ち,このセラミックス複合構造体を加熱し,水中に投下して耐熱衝撃性を評価したところ,急冷温度差400及び500℃の条件の下で,セラミックス複合構造体の表面にクラックの発生は生じなかった。しかしながら,このセラミックス複合構造体は,急冷温度差600℃の条件の下ではクラックが発生した。
【0024
次に,上記第1番目の実施例において,補強体1の材質として,Si3 4 に代えてサイアロンSi−Al−O−Nを使用し,以下同様な方法でセラミックス複合構造体を得た。サイアロンSi−Al−O−Nでは,固溶体の生成による非調和性が生じるために,その熱伝導率が16〜22W/m・Kとなり,一般のSi3 4 の2/3程度の熱伝導率になる。図5に示す装置を用いてセラミックス複合構造体の温度変化を測定したところ,Si3 4 の補強体1を用いた場合に比べて,飽和時の温度を更に27℃低減できることが分かった。
【0025
【発明の効果】
この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法は,上記のように構成されており,次のような効果を有する。即ち,この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法によって作製されたセラミックス複合構造体は,Si3 4 及び/又はSi−Al−O−Nから成る格子状の補強体の格子の間隙の充填部に気孔率10%以上であり且つ少なくともSi,O及びNの全ての元素を含むと共にTiを含んでいるスラリーの反応焼結によって作製した多孔質セラミックスを充填しているので,該多孔質セラミックスが焼成時に収縮が発生せず,前記格子の壁面に密着結合され,格子壁面と充填物質との間に隙間が発生することがなく,強固な接合面を提供できる。しかも,セラミックス複合構造体として低熱伝導率の材料となり,充填部の多孔質セラミックスに亀裂が発生しても瞬時に全体が破損することがなく,高強度のセラミックス複合構造体を提供できる。また,このセラミックス複合構造体は,軽量であり,熱伝導率の小さいセラミックスを作製することができ,従って,遮熱ピストン等の部品の遮熱部品に適用した場合に,低熱伝導材として機能すると共に,高強度の部品として好ましいものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】このセラミックス複合構造体の一例を示す説明図である。
【図2】図1の符号E部分を示す拡大図である。
【図3】図1のセラミックス複合構造体の表面を示し,図2の線A−Aにおける断面図である。
【図4】図5の装置によってこのセラミックス複合構造体と比較例のセラミックスとの時間経過に対する温度上昇を示すグラフである。
【図5】セラミックスの温度変化を測定する装置を示す説明図である。
【図6】本発明品と比較品との強度を測定するための強度試験装置を示す説明図である。
【図7】この発明による製造方法で作製したセラミックス複合構造体を適用した例を示す断面図である。
【図8】この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の実施例を示す説明図である。
【図9】この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の別の実施例を示す説明図である。
【図10】この発明によるセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法の更に別の実施例を示す説明図である。
【図11】図10の線B−Bにおける断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 補強体
2 多孔質セラミックス
3 充填部
4 格子の壁面
5 格子の表面
6 被覆層
14 補強体
15 空隙部
16 スラリー
17 Si3 4 の紐状体
18 空隙部(充填部)
19 補強体
20 第1積層部
21 第2積層部
22 第3積層部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a ceramic composite structure having a low thermal conductivity.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, low thermal conductivity and high dimensional accuracy are achieved by reactive sintering by adding heavy element compounds such as titanium Ti, mullite Al 6 Si 2 O 1 3 , aluminum titanate Al 2 TiO 5 and Y 2 O 3 to silicon Si Attempts have been made to produce materials having However Na grounds, such materials, the strength is not sufficient, for example, as part of the barrier thermal engine, as the material requiring high strength and reliability at present, can not be used.
[0003]
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-37667 discloses lightweight high-rigidity ceramics and their uses. The lightweight high-rigidity ceramic has a three-dimensional continuous network structure formed in a reaction sintered ceramic matrix having a porosity of 40 vol% or less.
[0004]
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 62-260778 discloses a reinforced ceramic composite material for a super heat-resistant thermal protection structure. The reinforced ceramic composite material is obtained by firing a prepreg impregnated with a suitable ceramic precursor in a three-dimensional woven fabric of ceramic fibers.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-28282 discloses a high-strength composite ceramic sintered body excellent in toughness and erosion resistance and a method for producing the same. The high-strength composite ceramic sintered body has a single ceramic layer on the working surface, a composite layer in which ceramic and an appropriate material are dispersed, and the dispersed material is made of ceramic or metal. One or more kinds of particles selected from a simple substance, a metal carbide, a metal nitride, a metal silicide and a metal boride, and at least one of whisker and fiber are included.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The lightweight high-rigidity ceramic disclosed in the above-mentioned JP-A-4-37667 is a reaction sintered ceramic, but shrinkage of about 1% at the time of firing occurs. A gap is formed, the two are not integrated, and high strength ceramics cannot be obtained. Further, the reinforced ceramic composite material for super heat-resistant thermal protection structure disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-260778 is different from the reaction sintered ceramic and the precursor in terms of structure, and the precursor is expensive. This material is unsuitable for engine parts. Furthermore, the high-strength composite ceramic sintered body excellent in toughness and erosion resistance disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-28282 is a target of particles, whiskers, fibers, and a lattice-like reinforcing body. Not used.
[0007]
The purpose of the invention this is to solve the above problems, with obtaining low thermal conductivity material, is to improve the reliability of the strength as well as enhancing the strength, dense ceramic honeycomb high strength A skeletal skeleton, ie, a reinforcing body, is prepared, and the void is filled with a slurry containing Si as a main component and an oxide and Ti, and the filled portion is made of porous ceramics by reactive sintering of the slurry of the laminated body. is converted to, during filling portion baked formed is to avoid shrinkage and reinforcement and the filler portion in close contact combination, it improves the strength, since the low thermal conductive material of the filling portion is divided by the skeleton of the grid, It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a ceramic composite structure that does not instantaneously break even if cracks occur.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention , a lattice-shaped reinforcing body made of at least one kind of dense ceramics of Si 3 N 4 and Si—Al—O—N is prepared, and a slurry containing Si is prepared. A first laminated portion is formed by filling the slurry, a second laminated portion made of only the slurry is laminated on the first laminated portion, and then the slurry is filled in the voids of the lattice-shaped reinforcing body. Three laminated parts are laminated on the second laminated part to produce a multiple laminated body, the slurry of the laminated body is dried, and the part containing Si is formed into porous ceramics by reactive sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere. method of producing a ceramic composite structure, characterized in that to integrate and are stacked is converted was converted to the reinforcing member wherein the porous ceramic related.
[0009]
In the present invention, a slurry is prepared by adding an organic binder to a mixed powder composed of Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3, and the slurry is extruded and stacked while rotating two-dimensionally from the mold. Forming a string-shaped molded body, degreasing and firing the molded body to produce a noodle-shaped ceramic reinforcing body, filling the space formed in the reinforcing body with a slurry containing Si, The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ceramic composite structure, characterized in that a slurry containing Si is reacted and sintered to be converted into porous ceramics, and the porous ceramics are joined and integrated with the reinforcing body.
[00 10 ]
In the method for producing a ceramic composite structure, the Si-containing slurry contains Si and Al 6 Si 2 O 1 3 . Alternatively, the slurry containing Si contains Si, Al 6 Si 2 O 1 3 , and Ti. Furthermore, after firing in a nitrogen atmosphere, part or all of TiN produced by heat treatment in the atmosphere is converted to TiO.
[00 11 ]
Method of producing a ceramic composite structure of this is the Si 3 N 4 or Si-Al-O-N the reinforcement in the gap portion of the lattice-shaped reinforcing member formed of a porous ceramic while filling a slurry containing Si Since the layers are sequentially laminated, the slurry is dried and converted into porous ceramics by reaction firing in a nitrogen atmosphere, and integrated with the laminated reinforcing bodies, the wall surfaces of the reinforcing bodies and the converted porous ceramics are Since it is tightly bonded and contains Ti, a good bonded surface can be obtained without shrinking during firing. Furthermore, after firing in a nitrogen atmosphere, by converting a part or all of TiN produced by heat treatment in the atmosphere to TiO, it can be converted into stable porous ceramics.
[00 12 ]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of a method of producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of the ceramic composite structure, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a portion E of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows the surface of the ceramic composite structure, and a cross section taken along line AA in FIG. FIGS. 4 and 4 are graphs showing the temperature rise of the ceramic composite structure produced by the apparatus of FIG. 5 and the ceramics of the comparative example over time, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an apparatus for measuring the temperature change of the ceramics, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a strength test apparatus for measuring the strength of the product of the present invention and the comparative product.
[00 13 ]
This ceramic composite structure has pores in the lattice-shaped frame made of at least one kind of dense ceramics of Si 3 N 4 and Si—Al—O—N, that is, the filler 1 in the lattice gap of the reinforcement 1 and the reinforcement 1. The porous ceramics 2 having a rate of 10% or more and containing at least all elements of Si, O and N are filled. The porous ceramic 2 is tightly bonded to the wall surface 4 of the lattice. The thermal conductivity of the porous ceramics 2 in the filling portion 3 is 7 W / m · K. Moreover, it is preferable that the porous ceramic 2 of the filling portion 3 contains Al 6 Si 2 O 1 3 . In particular, the porous ceramics 2 in the filling portion 3 is obtained by converting a slurry containing Ti by reaction sintering . As shown in FIG. 3, the reinforcing body 1 has a surface 5 that is not exposed, and a covering layer 6 of a porous ceramic 2 is disposed thereon. By covering the surface 5 of the reinforcing body 1 with the coating layer 6, the entire ceramic composite structure is wrapped with the porous ceramics 2 and can be configured as a low thermal conductive material.
[00 14 ]
Next, an embodiment of a method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention will be described. In this method for producing a ceramic composite structure, Si, Al 6 Si 2 O 1 3 and Ti were blended at a ratio of 70:20:10 to prepare a slurry containing mixed powder. On the other hand, a lattice-shaped or honeycomb-shaped disk or reinforcing body 1 having a wall thickness of 0.6 mm, a lattice size of 5 × 5 mm, a thickness of 15 mm, and an outer diameter of 80 mm was produced by using Si 3 N 4 dense ceramics. . After the slurry is filled in the filling portion 3 formed by the gaps in the lattice of the reinforcing body 1, the slurry is dried, and then heated at 1400 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere and subjected to reactive sintering, and the slurry is made of porous ceramics. Was converted to Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the ceramic composite structure is covered with a coating layer 6 of porous ceramics 2 so that the surface 5 of the reinforcing body 1 is not exposed.
[00 15 ]
This ceramics composite structure (present invention product 8), can be manufactured as described above, for detecting the thermal conductivity, as shown in FIG. 5, Doban 7 high frequency heating coil 10 is arranged The product 8 of the present invention was placed on the surface and fixed with a pressing member 9, and a thermocouple 11 was installed at the center of the product 8 of the present invention. The high frequency heating coil 10 was energized to heat the copper plate 7 to a high frequency up to 650 ° C., and the temperature at the center of the product 8 of the present invention was measured over time. As a result, a measurement result as shown in FIG. 4 was obtained. In order to compare the product 8 of the present invention with the dense Si 3 N 4 ceramics of the comparative product, the temperature measurement was carried out in the same manner by replacing the product 8 of the present invention and the comparative product, and even after sufficient time had passed. The product 8 of the present invention was found to be about 200 ° C. lower than the comparative product. That is, it was found that the product 8 of the present invention can be used as a sufficiently low thermal conductive material.
[00 16 ]
Next, in order to measure the strength of the product 8 of the present invention, a test piece having the same shape was used, and a test piece was made of porous ceramics as a comparative product. A testing machine shown in FIG. 6 was used as an apparatus for measuring the strength. The outer peripheral portions of the product 8 of the present invention and the comparative product are fixed by the support 12, and the metal rod 13 having an outer diameter of about 30 mm is pressed against the center portion of the product of the present invention and the comparative product from above. Loads of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 15 tons were added to, respectively. As a result, in the product 8 of the present invention and the comparative product, no cracks occurred up to loads 2, 4 and 6 tons. The comparative product was damaged at 8, 10 and 15 tons. In contrast, the product of the present invention did not crack at a load of 8 tons. In addition, when a load of 10 tons and 15 tons was applied to the product of the present invention, cracks occurred in the porous ceramics 2 of the filling portion 3, but these cracks did not occur throughout. The cracks stopped at the framework of the reinforcing body 1 and the product 8 of the present invention was not damaged as a whole.
[00 17 ]
This ceramic composite structure can be applied to, for example, a heat-insulating piston as shown in FIG. That is, only the piston head part 30 is shown, and the piston head part 30 is fixed to the piston skirt part by metal flow or the like. The piston head portion 30 is composed of, for example, a piston main body 31 made of a dense ceramic such as Si 3 N 4 and a ceramic composite structure 33 disposed and joined to the concave portion 32 of the piston main body 31. . As described above, the ceramic composite structure 33 is composed of the reinforcing body 1 and the porous ceramic 2 and is a low thermal conductive material and has a stable and sufficient strength.
[00 18 ]
Furthermore, another embodiment of the method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this example, a honeycomb-shaped plate 14 having a wall thickness of 500 μm, a lattice size, that is, an interval of 5 × 5 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm, was prepared using Si 3 N 4 . On the other hand, Si, Si 3 N 4 , Al 6 Si 2 O 1 3 and Ti were blended at a ratio of 50: 20: 25: 5 to prepare slurry 16 containing mixed powder. The first laminated portion 20 was formed by filling the space 16 of the plate 14 with the slurry 16. On the 1st lamination | stacking part 20, the 2nd lamination | stacking part 21 which consists only of the slurry 16 was laminated | stacked by thickness of 4 mm. Next, the third laminated portion 22 in which the space portion 15 of the plate 14 was filled with the slurry 16 was laminated on the second laminated portion 21 to produce a multiple laminated body. This laminate is subjected to reaction sintering by reaction sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1400 ° C. to convert the slurry 16 of the first laminate 20, the second laminate 21 and the third laminate 22 into porous ceramics. These were integrated into a ceramic composite structure.
[00 19 ]
Ceramic composite structure produced in this example, made of a porous ceramic 2 is the dispersed phase themselves multiple Sosoku Chi first laminated portion 20, the second laminate section 21 and the third laminated portion 22 of the filling portion 3 It is composed of a plurality of layers. The reinforcing body 1 is disposed at least in the vicinity of the surface and is not included in the intermediate second laminated portion 21 and is not continuous in the depth direction. When this ceramic composite structure was heated and dropped into water to evaluate thermal shock resistance, cracks were generated on the surface of the ceramic composite structure under conditions of rapid cooling temperature differences of 400, 500 and 600 ° C. There wasn't.
[00 20 ]
Furthermore, still another embodiment of the method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this example, an organic binder is added to a mixed powder composed of Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 to sufficiently knead the slurry, and the slurry is used as a molding raw material from a mold in a two-dimensional manner. The string-like body shown in FIG. 9 can be produced by extruding and rotating the layers while rotating them. In other words, the slurry is placed in a cylinder of an extrusion molding machine having a die having holes with a diameter of 0.8 mm on a straight line with an interval of about 5 mm, and extrusion is performed so as to draw an arc in a two-dimensional direction. The molded body was produced by stacking. Next, the molded body was degreased and fired to produce a noodle-like ceramic reinforcing body 19 comprising a string-like body 17 shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, the white portion is a noodle-like string-like body 17, and the black portion is a space portion 18. Next, the space 16 of the reinforcing body 19 was filled with the slurry 16 by a slip casting method, the slurry 16 was converted to porous ceramics by a reactive sintering method, and the porous ceramics were joined to the reinforcing body 19 and integrated. The ceramic composite structure obtained in this example was evaluated for thermal shock resistance in the same manner as the thermal shock resistance evaluation of the above example. At this time, a porous ceramic material having no Si 3 N 4 reinforcement was used as a comparative product.
[00 21 ]
Table 1 shows the results of the thermal shock resistance test of the inventive ceramic composite structure according to the present invention and the comparative product. As can be seen from Table 1, in the case of porous ceramics without a reinforcing body, that is, a comparative product, cracks were observed at any of the rapid cooling temperature differences ΔT = 400 ° C., 500 ° C. and 600 ° C. The product of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 in which the body 19 was encapsulated did not crack at any temperature difference of ΔT = 400 ° C., 500 ° C. and 600 ° C.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003613813
[00 22 ]
Table 2 shows the results obtained by measuring the heat transmission rate and the load at break, that is, the strength, of the ceramic composite structure produced in the above example. In the measurement of the heat passage rate and strength, all are data compared using samples with an outer diameter of 80 mm, a volume ratio of the reinforcing body of 30%, and a thickness of the reinforcing body of 0.6 mm. , The characteristic of the ceramic composite structure having the lattice-like Si 3 N 4 , that is, the sample A is set as 1, and the ratio is shown. Samples B and C are slightly inferior in strength, but the effect of reducing the heat transmission rate is reminiscent, and it is considered that both of these are caused by the fact that the reinforcing bodies are not continuous inside. Here, sample A represents the product of the present invention shown in FIG. 8, sample B represents the product of the present invention shown in FIG. 9, and sample C represents the product of the present invention shown in FIG.
[Table 2]
Figure 0003613813
[00 23 ]
Next, another embodiment of the method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. In this embodiment, a fiber reinforcing body 25 is formed by knitting fibers made of Si 3 N 4 ceramics having a diameter of about 100 μm as a fiber reinforcing body 25, and in the same manner as in the above embodiment, the slurry 16 is filled and reacted. The slurry 16 was converted into the porous ceramics 26 by a sintering method, and the fiber reinforcing body 25 and the porous ceramics 26 were integrated to produce a ceramic composite structure. In the ceramic composite structure produced in this example, the reinforcing body is composed of a fiber reinforcing body 25 made of Si 3 N 4 fibers or Si—Al—O—N fibers. The ceramic composite structure was evaluated for thermal shock resistance in the same manner as in the above example, and the results are shown in Table 1. That is, when this ceramic composite structure was heated and dropped in water to evaluate the thermal shock resistance, no crack was generated on the surface of the ceramic composite structure under conditions of a rapid cooling temperature difference of 400 and 500 ° C. It was. However, this ceramic composite structure was cracked under the condition of a quenching temperature difference of 600 ° C.
[00 24 ]
Next, in the first embodiment, sialon Si—Al—O—N was used instead of Si 3 N 4 as the material of the reinforcing body 1, and a ceramic composite structure was obtained in the same manner. . In sialon Si-Al-O-N, anharmonicity due to the formation of a solid solution occurs, so its thermal conductivity is 16-22 W / m · K, which is about 2/3 that of general Si 3 N 4. Become a rate. When the temperature change of the ceramic composite structure was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, it was found that the temperature at saturation could be further reduced by 27 ° C. as compared with the case of using the Si 3 N 4 reinforcement 1.
[00 25 ]
【The invention's effect】
The method for manufacturing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention is configured as described above and has the following effects. That is, the ceramic composite structure produced by the method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention is a lattice gap filling portion of a lattice-shaped reinforcing body made of Si 3 N 4 and / or Si—Al—O—N. Is filled with a porous ceramic produced by reactive sintering of a slurry containing at least all elements of Si, O and N and containing Ti, and having a porosity of 10% or more. Shrinkage does not occur during firing, it is tightly coupled to the wall surface of the lattice, no gap is generated between the lattice wall surface and the filling material, and a strong joint surface can be provided. Moreover, it becomes a material having low thermal conductivity as a ceramic composite structure, and even if a crack occurs in the porous ceramic in the filling portion, the whole is not instantly damaged, and a high-strength ceramic composite structure can be provided. In addition, this ceramic composite structure is lightweight and can produce ceramics with low thermal conductivity. Therefore, it can function as a low thermal conductivity material when applied to thermal insulation components such as thermal insulation pistons. At the same time, it is preferable as a high-strength part.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of this ceramic composite structure.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a portion E of FIG.
Figure 3 shows the surface of the ceramic composite structure of FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG.
By the apparatus of FIG. 4 FIG. 5 is a graph showing a temperature rise over time of the ceramic of the comparative example with ceramics composite structure of this.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an apparatus for measuring a temperature change of ceramics.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a strength test apparatus for measuring the strength of the product of the present invention and a comparative product.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example to which a ceramic composite structure manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing still another embodiment of the method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to the present invention.
11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reinforcement body 2 Porous ceramics 3 Filling part 4 Lattice wall surface 5 Lattice surface 6 Cover layer 14 Reinforcing body 15 Void part 16 Slurry 17 Si 3 N 4 string 18 Void part (filling part)
19 Reinforcing body 20 First laminated portion 21 Second laminated portion 22 Third laminated portion

Claims (4)

Si3 4 及びSi−Al−O−Nの少なくとも一種の緻密質セラミックスから成る格子状の補強体を作製し,Siを含むスラリーを作製し,前記補強体の空隙部に前記スラリーを充填して第1積層部を形成し,前記スラリーのみから成る第2積層部を前記第1積層部に積層し,次いで前記格子状の補強体の空隙部に前記スラリーを充填した第3積層部を前記第2積層部に積層して多重に積層体を作製し,前記積層体の前記スラリーを乾燥して窒素雰囲気中での反応焼によって前記Siを含む部分を多孔質セラミックスに転化させ積層された前記補強体と転化した前記多孔質セラミックスとを一体化させることを特徴とするセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法。Si 3 N 4 and to prepare a Si-Al-O-N at least one grid-like reinforcing member made of dense ceramic of, to prepare a slurry containing Si, the slurry was filled into a void portion of said reinforcement member Forming a first laminated portion, laminating a second laminated portion made of only the slurry on the first laminated portion, and then forming a third laminated portion in which the gap is filled with the slurry in the lattice-shaped reinforcing body. laminated on the second laminate section to produce a laminate multiplexed, are stacked said the slurry of the laminate and dried to by reaction sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere to convert the portion including the Si in the porous ceramic A method for producing a ceramic composite structure, wherein the reinforcing body and the converted porous ceramics are integrated. SiSi 3 Three N 4 Four ,Al, Al 2 2 O 3 Three 及びYAnd Y 2 2 O 3 Three から成る混合粉末に有機バインダーを加えてスラリーを作製し,前記スラリーを金型から二次元的に回転させながら押し出し積み重ねて紐状の成形体を形成し,前記成形体を脱脂し焼成してヌードル状セラミックスの補強体を作製し,前記補強体に形成されている空間部にSiを含むスラリーを充填し,次いで,前記Siを含むスラリーを反応焼結させて多孔質セラミックスに転化させて前記多孔質セラミックスを前記補強体に接合して一体化させることを特徴とするセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法。A slurry is prepared by adding an organic binder to the mixed powder comprising the above, and the slurry is extruded and stacked while rotating two-dimensionally from a mold to form a string-like molded body, and the molded body is degreased and fired to form noodles. A reinforcing body of ceramics is prepared, and a space portion formed in the reinforcing body is filled with a slurry containing Si, and then the slurry containing Si is reacted and sintered to convert to a porous ceramic. A method for producing a ceramic composite structure, characterized in that a ceramic material is joined and integrated with the reinforcing body. 前記Siを含むスラリーは,Si,Al6 Si2 1 3 又はSi,Al6 Si2 1 3 ,Tiを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法。The slurry containing the Si is, Si, Al 6 Si 2 O 1 3 or Si, Al of 6 Si 2 O 1 3, a ceramic composite structure according possible to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that contains the Ti Production method. 前記Siを含むスラリーがTiを含んでいる場合には,窒素雰囲気での焼成後,大気中での加熱処理した焼成によって生成したTiNの一部或いは全部をTiOに転化させることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のセラミックス複合構造体の製造方法。When the Si-containing slurry contains Ti, after firing in a nitrogen atmosphere, a part or all of TiN generated by firing in the atmosphere is converted to TiO. Item 3. A method for producing a ceramic composite structure according to Item 1 or 2 .
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